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B1 noun #2,766 よく出る 10分で読める

coordination

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解説 coordination in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'coordination' is a big word, but you can understand it simply. It means 'working together' or 'moving well.' Think about your body. When you walk, your left leg and right leg work together. This is coordination. In a classroom, when students all listen to the teacher and do the same activity at the same time, they are showing coordination. It is like a team playing a game. Everyone has a job, and they do their jobs at the right time. You can think of it as 'good teamwork' or 'moving without falling.' You might hear it in sports, like when you try to catch a ball with your hands while looking with your eyes. That is called 'hand-eye coordination.' It is a very important skill for children and athletes.
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At the A2 level, you can start to use 'coordination' to describe how people work together. It is a noun that comes from the idea of 'organizing.' If you are planning a party with friends, you need coordination. One person buys the food, one person brings the music, and one person invites the guests. If you don't have coordination, two people might bring the same food, and no one brings the music! In sports, A2 learners might use it to describe a player. 'He has great coordination' means he moves his body very smoothly. It is more than just being fast; it is about being controlled. You can also use it for clothes. If your shirt and shoes have the same color, people might say they are 'coordinated.' It means they look good together.
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At the B1 level, you should understand 'coordination' as a key term for management and physical skills. It refers to the efficient organization of different elements. For example, in a business context, 'The coordination of the project was difficult because the team members were in different countries.' This means managing the timing and the tasks so everything fits together. You will often see the phrase 'in coordination with.' This is a useful formal expression. For instance, 'The local police acted in coordination with the national guard.' Physically, B1 learners should know 'hand-eye coordination' as a standard phrase. It is also used in grammar to describe how we use words like 'and' or 'but' to join parts of a sentence. It is a versatile word that moves from the physical to the professional.
At the B2 level, 'coordination' involves more complex logistical and neurological concepts. You should be able to discuss the 'lack of coordination' as a cause for failure in complex systems. In a professional environment, coordination isn't just about working together; it's about the strategic alignment of resources, timelines, and goals. You might hear about 'policy coordination' between governments, where different countries try to make their laws work together. In biology or medicine, you would use it to describe the cerebellum's role in motor control. You should also be familiar with the verb form 'coordinate' and the adjective 'coordinated.' A B2 speaker might say, 'We need to coordinate our efforts to maximize our impact.' This shows an understanding of the word as a proactive, managerial process.
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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the nuances between 'coordination,' 'collaboration,' and 'integration.' Coordination is often seen as the structural framework that allows collaboration to happen. It involves the 'orchestration' of various moving parts. You might use the term in a sociopolitical context, such as 'the coordination of humanitarian aid in conflict zones,' which implies navigating extreme complexity and diplomacy. In linguistics, you would study 'coordination' as a specific syntactic relationship between independent clauses. You should also be able to use the word metaphorically, perhaps describing the 'coordination of colors and textures' in high-end interior design or the 'neurological coordination' required for complex cognitive tasks. It is a word that denotes sophistication and systemic thinking.
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At the C2 level, 'coordination' is understood as a fundamental principle of systems theory and advanced physiology. You might analyze the 'coordination dynamics' of a complex ecosystem or the 'macroeconomic coordination' required to stabilize a global currency. The term takes on a highly technical meaning in fields like computer science (e.g., 'coordination languages' in parallel computing) or advanced neurology (e.g., 'inter-segmental coordination' in spinal cord research). A C2 user can discuss the philosophical implications of coordination—how individual agency is balanced with collective necessity. You would use the word with precision, distinguishing it from 'synchronicity' or 'coalescence,' and applying it to describe the most intricate levels of human achievement and natural phenomena.
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coordination 30秒で

  • Coordination is the essential ability to make different parts of a system, body, or organization work together in a smooth and efficient manner.
  • In physical terms, it involves the brain and muscles working in sync to perform tasks like sports, dancing, or even simple walking without falling.
  • In a professional or logistical sense, it means organizing people, schedules, and resources so that a complex project can be completed successfully and on time.
  • The word is often used with prepositions like 'of' or 'between' and frequently appears in formal phrases like 'in coordination with' to show partnership.

At its core, coordination is the harmonious functioning of parts for a most effective results. Whether we are discussing the physical mechanics of a world-class athlete or the logistical complexities of a multinational relief effort, coordination is the invisible thread that prevents chaos. In a physical sense, it is the ability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently. Imagine a basketball player jumping for a layup: their eyes, hands, legs, and core must work in perfect synchronicity. This is neuromuscular coordination. Without it, the movement would be jerky, ineffective, or impossible. This physical aspect is often what we first think of when we hear the word, especially in the context of development or sports.

Physical Dimension
The neurological process of integrating sensory input with motor output to produce fluid movement.
Organizational Dimension
The management of various elements of a complex entity or activity so as to enable them to work together effectively.
Grammatical Dimension
The joining of words, phrases, or clauses of the same rank, typically using conjunctions like 'and' or 'but'.

Beyond the body, coordination refers to the process of organizing different people or groups so that they work together well for a goal. In business, this might mean the coordination between the marketing department and the production team to ensure a product launch happens on time. In this context, it involves communication, scheduling, and the alignment of objectives. It is the 'glue' of management. When coordination fails in a professional setting, we see 'silos' where departments don't talk to each other, leading to wasted resources and missed deadlines.

"The rescue operation required intense coordination between the coast guard, the local police, and volunteer divers."

— Example of logistical application

The word also has a specific meaning in linguistics and grammar. Coordination is the linking of two or more units of the same grammatical status. For example, in the sentence 'I like tea and coffee,' the word 'and' provides the coordination between two nouns. This allows for complex thought expression without repetitive sentence structures. Understanding this helps learners build longer, more sophisticated sentences.

In scientific contexts, particularly biology and medicine, doctors might test a patient's coordination to check for neurological health. If someone has 'poor coordination,' they might stumble frequently or have trouble with fine motor skills like buttoning a shirt. This is often linked to the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for motor control. Thus, the word spans from the microscopic firing of neurons to the macroscopic movement of global economies.

"Hand-eye coordination is essential for video games, surgery, and driving."

Finally, consider the social aspect. Social coordination involves the unspoken rules that allow a crowd to move through a busy train station without colliding. It is the mutual adjustment of behavior. Whether it is a dance troupe moving in unison or a team of scientists sharing data, coordination is the hallmark of collective intelligence. It transforms a group of individuals into a single, functioning unit.

Using the word coordination correctly requires understanding its role as an uncountable noun in most contexts, though it can occasionally be used in a more specific sense. Because it describes a process or an ability, it often follows verbs like 'improve,' 'lack,' 'require,' or 'demonstrate.'

With Adjectives
Effective coordination, poor coordination, seamless coordination, close coordination, hand-eye coordination.
With Verbs
To facilitate coordination, to hinder coordination, to call for coordination, to oversee coordination.
With Prepositions
Coordination between (groups), coordination of (tasks), in coordination with (someone).

One of the most common ways to use it is in the phrase in coordination with. This is a formal way of saying 'working together with.' For example, 'The charity worked in coordination with local schools to distribute the books.' This sounds more professional and organized than simply saying 'with.'

"The project's success depends on the coordination of various sub-committees."

When talking about physical ability, we often specify the type. 'Hand-eye coordination' is a fixed phrase used in sports and medicine. You might say, 'Playing tennis is great for developing hand-eye coordination.' If someone is clumsy, you might say they 'lack coordination.' Note that we don't usually say 'a coordination' or 'coordinations' when referring to the ability.

In a grammatical context, you might encounter 'coordination' when discussing sentence structure. Teachers might talk about 'coordination and subordination.' Here, coordination refers to using words like 'and,' 'but,' or 'or' to connect equal parts of a sentence. 'He ran and she walked' is an example of coordination.

"Lack of coordination among the departments led to the duplicate orders."

To use it effectively in speech, remember that the stress is on the fourth syllable: co-or-di-NA-tion. Practice saying it slowly to ensure the 'o-o' sound at the beginning is clear (it sounds like 'koh-or'). It is a high-frequency word in professional environments, so mastering its collocations like 'seamless coordination' will make you sound more fluent.

You will encounter coordination in a variety of professional and academic settings. It is a staple of 'corporate speak,' but it is also deeply rooted in the sciences and daily life. Understanding the context helps you grasp which nuance of the word is being used.

In Business Meetings
Managers often discuss the 'coordination of efforts' or 'inter-departmental coordination' to ensure everyone is on the same page.
In Sports Commentary
Commentators frequently praise an athlete's 'amazing coordination' or 'balance and coordination' during a difficult play.
In Medical Settings
Doctors use it to describe motor function. 'The patient is showing signs of impaired coordination' is a common clinical observation.

In the news, especially during crises like natural disasters or pandemics, you will hear about the 'coordination of international aid.' This refers to the massive logistical task of getting food, medicine, and personnel to the right places at the right times. Without this coordination, aid would be wasted or delayed.

"The UN is calling for better coordination between member states to tackle climate change."

In the classroom, specifically in physical education (PE), teachers focus on developing coordination in children. Activities like catching a ball, balancing on one foot, or skipping are all designed to improve the brain's ability to coordinate muscle movements. In higher education, specifically in linguistics, the term is used to describe how sentences are built.

You might also hear it in the fashion industry. A 'coordinated outfit' is one where the colors, patterns, and styles work well together. While 'coordination' is the noun, the idea of things 'matching' or 'harmonizing' is a common informal use of the concept. If someone says, 'Your outfit has great coordination,' they mean you look well-put-together.

"The dancer's coordination was so precise that she seemed to float across the stage."

Finally, in the world of technology and computing, 'coordination' refers to how different processors or software modules communicate to complete a task. In 'distributed systems,' coordination is a major technical challenge. When you use a cloud service, thousands of servers are in constant coordination to serve your data instantly.

Even advanced learners can stumble over the nuances of coordination. The most frequent errors involve confusion with similar-sounding words, incorrect preposition use, or misunderstanding its countability.

1. Coordination vs. Cooperation
This is the most common mistake. Cooperation is the willingness to help or work together (an attitude). Coordination is the actual organization of those efforts (a process). You can have a team that is very cooperative (they like each other and want to help) but has terrible coordination (they don't know who is doing what).
2. Preposition Errors
Learners often say 'coordination to' or 'coordination for' when they should use 'of' or 'between'. Correct: 'The coordination of the event.' Incorrect: 'The coordination to the event.'
3. Pluralization
In 95% of cases, coordination is uncountable. Avoid saying 'The coordinations were good.' Instead, say 'The coordination was good' or 'The levels of coordination were high.'

Another subtle mistake is using 'coordination' when you mean 'correlation.' In statistics, correlation means two things happen at the same time or are related. Coordination means they are being intentionally managed to work together. If two people happen to wear the same shirt, it's a coincidence or correlation; if they planned to wear the same shirt, it's coordination.

"We need more cooperation of the schedules."

"We need better coordination of the schedules."

In physical contexts, don't confuse 'coordination' with 'strength' or 'stamina.' A person can be very strong but have poor coordination (clumsy). Conversely, a small child might have excellent coordination but lack the strength to perform a task. When describing an athlete, be specific about which quality you are praising.

"The problem wasn't a lack of will (cooperation), but a lack of coordination (organization)."

Finally, in the phrase 'in coordination with,' make sure you don't drop the 'in.' Saying 'The police worked coordination with the FBI' is grammatically incorrect. It must be 'in coordination with.' This phrase functions as a complex preposition and should be treated as a single unit.

To truly master coordination, it helps to see where it sits among its synonyms and related concepts. While many words share a similar space, each has a specific 'flavor' or context where it fits best.

Synchronization
This emphasizes timing. If two things are synchronized, they happen at exactly the same time. Coordination is broader; it includes timing but also the spatial and logical arrangement of tasks.
Collaboration
This emphasizes working together on a creative or intellectual level. You collaborate on a book; you coordinate the printing and distribution of that book.
Integration
This means combining parts into a whole. Coordination is the process that leads to integration. If you coordinate different software modules well, you achieve a seamless integration.
Orchestration
A more sophisticated, often metaphorical synonym. It implies a high level of control and complexity, like a conductor leading an orchestra. 'The CEO orchestrated the merger' sounds more powerful than 'coordinated'.

In a physical sense, synonyms include dexterity, agility, and finesse. Dexterity usually refers to skill with the hands (fine motor skills), while agility refers to the ability to move the whole body quickly and easily. Coordination is the overarching ability that enables both dexterity and agility.

"While collaboration involves sharing ideas, coordination involves sharing schedules."

On the opposite side, we have antonyms like disarray, chaos, clumsiness, and mismanagement. If coordination is the presence of order and flow, these words represent its absence. A 'lack of coordination' is a polite way of describing a mess or a failure in planning.

"The athlete's dexterity was evident, but his overall coordination was hampered by an injury."

Understanding these distinctions allows you to be more precise. If you want to praise a manager for getting the timing right, use 'synchronization.' If you want to praise them for managing a complex project with many people, use 'coordination.' If you want to praise the creative output of a team, use 'collaboration.'

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Coordinating Conjunctions

Compound Sentences

Parallel Structure

Noun Phrases

Prepositional Collocations

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レベル別の例文

1

The team has good coordination.

Команда имеет хорошую координацию.

Noun as a subject complement.

2

He needs better coordination to catch the ball.

Ему нужна лучшая координация, чтобы поймать мяч.

Uncountable noun.

3

Walking requires coordination.

Ходьба требует координации.

Simple present tense.

4

The dance shows great coordination.

Танец показывает отличную координацию.

Definite article 'the' used with a specific instance.

5

My coordination is not very good today.

Моя координация сегодня не очень хорошая.

Possessive adjective 'my'.

6

We work with coordination.

Мы работаем слаженно (с координацией).

Prepositional phrase.

7

The teacher helps with our coordination.

Учитель помогает нам с координацией.

Object of a preposition.

8

Good coordination is important for sports.

Хорошая координация важна для спорта.

Adjective + Noun.

1

The party needs better coordination between us.

Вечеринке нужна лучшая координация между нами.

Preposition 'between' used for two or more parties.

2

She has excellent hand-eye coordination.

У нее отличная зрительно-моторная координация.

Compound adjective 'hand-eye'.

3

The coordination of the event was a success.

Координация мероприятия прошла успешно.

Noun + 'of' + Noun.

4

They lack the coordination to finish the task.

Им не хватает координации, чтобы закончить задачу.

Infinitive phrase 'to finish'.

5

We need to improve our coordination in the game.

Нам нужно улучшить нашу координацию в игре.

Verb 'improve' + Noun.

6

The colors in her room have good coordination.

Цвета в ее комнате хорошо сочетаются.

Metaphorical use for design.

7

Without coordination, the project will fail.

Без координации проект провалится.

Conditional meaning with 'without'.

8

The doctor tested the boy's coordination.

Врач проверил координацию мальчика.

Possessive 's.

1

The rescue was done in coordination with the navy.

Спасательная операция была проведена при согласовании с военно-морским флотом.

Fixed phrase 'in coordination with'.

2

Poor coordination led to many delays in the office.

Плохая координация привела ко многим задержкам в офисе.

Subject of the sentence.

3

We are responsible for the coordination of the volunteers.

Мы отвечаем за координацию волонтеров.

Prepositional phrase after 'responsible for'.

4

The athlete's coordination is his greatest strength.

Координация спортсмена — его самая сильная сторона.

Superlative 'greatest'.

5

Effective coordination is key to a smooth operation.

Эффективная координация — залог бесперебойной работы.

Adjective 'effective' modifying the noun.

6

There was a lack of coordination between the two departments.

Между двумя отделами не было координации.

Noun phrase 'lack of coordination'.

7

The software allows for better coordination of tasks.

Программное обеспечение позволяет лучше координировать задачи.

Verb 'allow for'.

8

She studied the coordination of different muscle groups.

Она изучала координацию различных групп мышц.

Scientific context.

1

The complexity of the project requires seamless coordination.

Сложность проекта требует четкой координации.

Strong adjective 'seamless'.

2

International coordination is essential to fight the pandemic.

Международная координация необходима для борьбы с пандемией.

Adjective 'international'.

3

The patient showed improved motor coordination after therapy.

После терапии у пациента улучшилась двигательная координация.

Technical term 'motor coordination'.

4

We must ensure the coordination of our marketing strategies.

Мы должны обеспечить координацию наших маркетинговых стратегий.

Modal verb 'must' + 'ensure'.

5

The failure was due to a breakdown in coordination.

Сбой произошел из-за нарушения координации.

Noun 'breakdown' + 'in'.

6

He was praised for his coordination of the relief efforts.

Его похвалили за координацию усилий по оказанию помощи.

Passive voice 'was praised'.

7

The nervous system controls the coordination of the body.

Нервная система контролирует координацию тела.

Scientific fact.

8

The coordination of the two events was purely coincidental.

Согласованность этих двух событий была чисто случайной.

Adverb 'purely'.

1

The treaty aims to foster closer policy coordination.

Договор направлен на содействие более тесной координации политики.

Verb 'foster' + 'coordination'.

2

Her neurological condition severely affected her coordination.

Ее неврологическое состояние серьезно повлияло на ее координацию.

Adverb 'severely' modifying 'affected'.

3

The symphony requires the perfect coordination of eighty musicians.

Симфония требует идеальной слаженности восьмидесяти музыкантов.

Metaphorical/Artistic use.

4

Inter-agency coordination is often hampered by bureaucracy.

Межведомственная координация часто затруднена бюрократией.

Prefix 'inter-'.

5

The study explores the coordination dynamics of social insects.

Исследование изучает динамику координации социальных насекомых.

Academic terminology.

6

There is a delicate coordination between supply and demand.

Существует тонкая координация между спросом и предложением.

Economic context.

7

The CEO's orchestration and coordination of the merger were masterful.

Организация и координация слияния генеральным директором были мастерскими.

Pairing with 'orchestration'.

8

Grammatical coordination allows for the linking of independent clauses.

Грамматическая координация позволяет связывать независимые предложения.

Linguistic definition.

1

The intricate coordination of the global supply chain is easily disrupted.

Сложная координация глобальной цепочки поставок легко нарушается.

Adjective 'intricate'.

2

He analyzed the macroeconomic coordination within the Eurozone.

Он проанализировал макроэкономическую координацию внутри Еврозоны.

High-level economic term.

3

The cerebellum is the locus for sensory-motor coordination.

Мозжечок является центром сенсомоторной координации.

Specialized medical jargon.

4

The success of the mission hinged on the temporal coordination of the strikes.

Успех миссии зависел от временной координации ударов.

Adjective 'temporal' (relating to time).

5

The philosopher discussed the coordination of individual wills in a democracy.

Философ обсуждал координацию индивидуальных воль в условиях демократии.

Abstract philosophical use.

6

Subtle shifts in the coordination of the ecosystem can lead to collapse.

Тонкие сдвиги в координации экосистемы могут привести к коллапсу.

Environmental context.

7

The software architecture relies on decentralized coordination protocols.

Архитектура программного обеспечения опирается на децентрализованные протоколы координации.

Technical computing term.

8

The dancer's performance was a masterclass in physical coordination.

Выступление танцора было мастер-классом по физической координации.

Idiomatic 'masterclass in'.

反対語

chaos confusion disorganization

よく使う組み合わせ

hand-eye coordination
effective coordination
lack of coordination
seamless coordination
improve coordination
require coordination
policy coordination
close coordination
motor coordination
in coordination with

よく使うフレーズ

in coordination with
lack of coordination
hand-eye coordination
level of coordination
coordination of efforts
poor coordination
smooth coordination
better coordination
necessary coordination
total coordination

よく混同される語

coordination vs cooperation

Cooperation is wanting to help; coordination is the actual plan of working together.

coordination vs correlation

Correlation is a statistical relationship; coordination is an intentional management of parts.

coordination vs subordination

Subordination is making one thing dependent on another; coordination is making them equal partners.

慣用句と表現

"get your act together"
"on the same page"
"well-oiled machine"
"in sync"
"pull together"
"keep all the plates spinning"
"left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing"
"hit your stride"
"work like clockwork"
"march to the same beat"

間違えやすい

coordination vs

coordination vs

coordination vs

coordination vs

coordination vs

文型パターン

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使い方

nuance

Coordination is more about the 'arrangement' while cooperation is about the 'spirit'.

frequency

Very high in professional, medical, and athletic contexts.

よくある間違い

  • Coordination is usually uncountable.

  • Tasks are coordinated (organized), people cooperate (help each other).

  • The phrase is always singular 'hand-eye'.

  • The preposition 'in' is required for this phrase.

  • Use 'of' to show what is being organized.

ヒント

Business English

Use 'coordination' instead of 'talking' to sound more professional. 'We need better coordination' sounds better than 'We need to talk more'.

The Double O

Don't say 'coordination' as one syllable at the start. It's 'co-or', like two separate sounds. Practice 'co-operate' and 'co-ordinate' together.

Prepositions

Always remember: Coordination OF a project, but coordination BETWEEN people. Using the right preposition makes you sound much more fluent.

Collocations

Learn 'hand-eye coordination' as a single block of text. It's one of the most common ways the word is used in daily English.

Parallelism

In grammar, coordination requires parallel structure. If you say 'I like swimming and to run,' it's bad coordination. Say 'I like swimming and running'.

Visualizing

Imagine a row of gears turning together. If one gear stops, the whole machine stops. That is a lack of coordination.

Stress

The stress is on the 'NA'. co-or-di-NA-tion. If you put the stress on 'OR', it will sound strange to native speakers.

Nuance

Use 'coordination' when you want to emphasize the complexity of a task. It implies there are many moving parts that need to be managed.

Context Clues

If you hear 'coordination' in a hospital, think about movement. If you hear it in an office, think about schedules and planning.

Elegance

The word 'seamless coordination' is a very common and elegant way to describe a perfectly run event or a great sports play.

暗記しよう

記憶術

CO-ORDIN-ATION: CO (together) + ORDIN (order) + ATION (process). The process of putting things in order together.

語源

Latin

文化的な背景

High coordination is often seen as a 'natural gift' but is actually the result of neurological training.

Coordination is often the primary role of a 'Project Manager'.

In social settings, 'coordinating' outfits or potluck dishes is a sign of consideration for others.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"How do you improve your hand-eye coordination?"

"Do you think our team needs better coordination?"

"What's the hardest thing to coordinate in a big project?"

"Have you ever seen a dance with perfect coordination?"

"How does the brain handle the coordination of walking and talking?"

日記のテーマ

Describe a time when a lack of coordination caused a problem for you.

What activities do you do that require the most coordination?

How would you coordinate a surprise party for a friend?

Reflect on the coordination required to keep a city running.

Is coordination more about planning or about reacting in the moment?

よくある質問

10 問

Usually no. We say 'a lack of coordination,' not 'a coordination.' However, in very specific technical contexts, it might be used differently, but for 99% of learners, it is uncountable.

It is the ability of your vision system to coordinate the information received through the eyes to control, guide, and direct the hands in the accomplishment of a given task, such as catching a ball.

Use it when two groups are working together on a specific plan. For example: 'The school worked in coordination with the hospital to provide vaccines.'

Yes, you can talk about the 'coordination of colors' in an outfit, meaning they match or look good together.

The verb is 'coordinate.' For example: 'We need to coordinate our schedules.'

They are related, but coordination is the specific act of organizing the work, while teamwork is the broader concept of people working together.

The cerebellum is the primary part of the brain responsible for motor coordination and balance.

A coordinator is a person whose job is to organize people or activities so that they work together effectively.

It means someone is clumsy or that a project is badly organized and confusing.

It refers to joining two equal parts of a sentence using conjunctions like 'and,' 'but,' or 'or.'

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自分をテスト 180 問

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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関連コンテンツ

Bodyの関連語

abdocness

C1

よく発達し、機能的で、審美的に定義された腹部領域を持つ状態または質。体幹の安定性と筋肉の調子を説明するために、しばしば専門的なフィットネスまたは生理学の文脈で使用されます。 視覚的にも魅力的で、機能的にも強力な、発達した腹筋の状態。

abdomen

B1

腹部は、胸部と骨盤の間の身体の部分です。

abdomness

C1

Abdomness は、腹部が顕著または膨満している身体的状態を表す形容詞です。胃の領域が著しく腫れていることを示します。(Abdomness is an adjective describing a physical state where the abdomen is prominent or distended. It indicates a noticeable swelling in the stomach area.) 医師は診察中に患者の顕著な Abdomness に注目しました。(The doctor noted the patient's pronounced abdomness during the examination.)

abflexism

C1

ストレスへの反応として、意識的または無意識的に腹筋を収縮させること。彼は緊張すると abflexism する傾向がある。

alimentary

B2

食べ物、消化、および栄養を処理する体のシステムに関連する。(Relating to food, digestion, and the body's system for processing nourishment.) / 食物を消化・吸収する器官やプロセスに関連し、消化管を形成する。

ambidextrous

B2

彼は両利きなので、どちらの手でも同じように器用にペンを使えます。

ankle

B2

足と脚をつなぐ関節に関連する、またはその近くに位置する。

anteflexfy

C1

臓器の基部で前方に曲がっている、または前方に傾斜した配向を持つことを特徴とする。この用語は、特定の解剖学的配置を説明するために、医学的および技術的な文脈で使用される。

anterior

B2

体や構造物の前方、または前面に位置すること。例：膝の前部。

appetites

B2

食欲（appetites）は、身体的なニーズ、特に食べ物を満たしたいという自然な欲求です。

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