B1 · 中級 チャプター 31

Passive Voice Constructions

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10 例文
1 分
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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of describing actions without mentioning the doer using the versatile -ся suffix.

  • Identify reflexive verbs used in a passive sense.
  • Construct sentences where the object becomes the subject.
  • Distinguish between reflexive actions and passive states.
Focus on the result, not the actor.

学べること

Understanding how to use the passive voice in Russian. Reflexive verbs as passive alternatives.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe processes and events in a formal context using reflexive passive constructions.

重要な例文 (2)

1

Этот сериал сейчас смотрится миллионами людей.

This series is currently being watched by millions of people.

ロシア語の受動態 -ся (「自動モード」の使い方)
2

В нашем районе строится новый торговый центр.

A new shopping mall is being built in our neighborhood.

ロシア語の受動態 -ся (「自動モード」の使い方)

ヒントとコツ (1)

🎯

The 'Automatic' Rule

Use passive reflexive when describing how machines or systems work. It makes you sound like a technical pro.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の受動態 -ся (「自動モード」の使い方)

重要な語彙 (5)

строиться to be built открываться to be opened продаваться to be sold обсуждаться to be discussed процесс process

Real-World Preview

building

New Building Opening

Review Summary

  • Object (Nom) + Verb + -ся

よくある間違い

Reflexive passive is not for naming the actor. Use active voice if you must include the agent.

Wrong: Дом строится рабочими.
正解: Рабочие строят дом.

Check your spelling of the reflexive suffix carefully.

Wrong: Книга продаюся.
正解: Книга продаётся.

While 'обсуждают' is a valid impersonal construction, 'обсуждается' focuses more on the topic itself as the subject.

Wrong: Это обсуждают.
正解: Это обсуждается.

Next Steps

You have completed the grammar core! Keep practicing these structures in your daily reading to see them in action.

Read a Russian news headline and identify passive constructions.

Continue to: Conditionals and Hypotheticals

クイック練習 (3)

Fill in the blank with the correct passive reflexive form of 'строить'.

В центре города сейчас ___ новая школа.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: строится
Since 'школа' is singular and feminine, the verb must be 3rd person singular 'строится'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の受動態 -ся (「自動モード」の使い方)

Which sentence is correctly formed in the passive voice?

Choose the best option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Дом строится рабочими.
We need the reflexive suffix '-ся' and the agent 'рабочими' in the Instrumental case.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の受動態 -ся (「自動モード」の使い方)

Find and fix the mistake in this app notification.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ваш файл загружается вами.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ваш файл загружается вами.
The original sentence was actually correct, but often we just say 'Файл загружается' without 'вами'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の受動態 -ся (「自動モード」の使い方)

Score: /3

よくある質問 (2)

Use -ся after consonants (e.g., читается) and -сь after vowels (e.g., читались). It's all about making the word easier to pronounce.
Technically no. Я моюсь means 'I wash myself.' Passive reflexive usually applies to inanimate objects being acted upon by people.
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