A2 · 初中級 チャプター 24

The Instrumental Case Power

1 トータルルール
10 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of the Instrumental case to describe who you are and what you do.

  • Master the -ом/-ем endings for masculine and neuter nouns.
  • Apply the -ой/-ей endings for feminine nouns.
  • Connect your identity to your profession using the verb 'to be' (быть).
Define your world with the Instrumental case.

学べること

Using the Instrumental case for professions and states. Expanding on 'with' constructions.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe your profession and current state using the Instrumental case correctly.

重要な例文 (2)

1

Я работаю менеджером в ИТ-компании.

I work as a manager in an IT company.

ロシア語造格：職業と状態 (кем/чем)
2

В детстве я хотел стать космонавтом.

In childhood, I wanted to become a cosmonaut.

ロシア語造格：職業と状態 (кем/чем)

ヒントとコツ (1)

🎯

The 'Job' Hack

If you are currently working a job, use работаю + Instrumental. If you just want to state your title, use Nominative. Я менеджер is your title; Я работаю менеджером is your activity.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語造格：職業と状態 (кем/чем)

重要な語彙 (6)

кем who (instrumental) врач doctor учитель teacher студент student быть to be профессия profession

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting at a party

Review Summary

  • Noun (Nom) + быть + Noun (Instr)

よくある間違い

While 'Я врач' is acceptable for present tense, using 'быть' requires the Instrumental case for future or past states.

Wrong: Я врач.
正解: Я хочу быть врачом.

Verbs of becoming (стать) always trigger the Instrumental case.

Wrong: Она стала учитель.
正解: Она стала учителем.

This is actually correct! Just ensure you don't forget the -ом ending.

Wrong: Он был студентом.
正解: Он был студентом.

Next Steps

You have mastered a key part of the Russian case system. Keep practicing, and you'll be fluent in no time!

Write 5 sentences about friends' jobs.

Continue to: Genitive Case Mastery

クイック練習 (3)

Fill in the blank with the correct Instrumental form of 'дизайнер'.

Моя сестра работает ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: дизайнером
After 'работать' (to work as), we use the Instrumental case. For masculine words ending in a consonant, add -ом.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語造格：職業と状態 (кем/чем)

Find and fix the mistake in the sentence about becoming a pilot.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я хочу стать пилот.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я хочу стать пилотом.
The verb 'стать' (to become) must be followed by the Instrumental case.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語造格：職業と状態 (кем/чем)

Which sentence is correct for the past tense?

Choose the grammatically correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Он был врачом.
In the past tense, 'был' (was) requires the Instrumental case for the profession.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語造格：職業と状態 (кем/чем)

Score: /3

よくある質問 (2)

Russian uses cases to show the relationship between words. The Instrumental case specifically marks roles or states that aren't your permanent, inherent identity.
Only with specific verbs like работать. Otherwise, the present tense usually uses the Nominative case.
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