意味
Formal question about identity.
文化的背景
The transition from 'Vykanie' (formal) to 'Tykanie' (informal) is a significant social milestone. It usually requires an explicit offer from the older or higher-status person. Slovak formality is similar to Czech, Polish, and Austrian etiquette, where titles and formal address are highly valued in public life. After 1989, there was a resurgence in traditional formal address as a way to reclaim pre-communist social dignity. Younger generations are increasingly using 'ty' (informal) more quickly, especially in tech and creative industries, but 'Kto ste?' remains the default for strangers.
The 'Stranger' Rule
If you don't know them, use 'ste'. It's the safest bet in Slovak culture.
Avoid 'Kto si?' with Elders
Even if they are friendly, always start with 'Kto ste?' until they tell you otherwise.
意味
Formal question about identity.
The 'Stranger' Rule
If you don't know them, use 'ste'. It's the safest bet in Slovak culture.
Avoid 'Kto si?' with Elders
Even if they are friendly, always start with 'Kto ste?' until they tell you otherwise.
Add 'Prosím vás'
Adding 'Prosím vás' (I beg you/Please) before the question makes it sound much softer: 'Prosím vás, kto ste?'
自分をテスト
You are meeting your new boss for the first time. How do you ask who they are if you are confused?
Prepáčte, ____?
In a professional setting, you must use the formal 'ste'.
Complete the sentence to ask a group of tourists who they are.
Dobrý deň, páni, kto ____?
When addressing multiple people (páni), 'ste' is the correct verb form.
Match the phrase to the person you are talking to.
1. Kto si? | 2. Kto ste?
Informal for family, formal for authorities.
Complete the dialogue.
A: Kto ste? B: ____ Peter Novák.
The answer to 'Who are you?' is 'I am' (Som).
🎉 スコア： /4
ビジュアル学習ツール
Formal vs Informal Identity
練習問題バンク
4 問題Prepáčte, ____?
In a professional setting, you must use the formal 'ste'.
Dobrý deň, páni, kto ____?
When addressing multiple people (páni), 'ste' is the correct verb form.
1. Kto si? | 2. Kto ste?
Informal for family, formal for authorities.
A: Kto ste? B: ____ Peter Novák.
The answer to 'Who are you?' is 'I am' (Som).
🎉 スコア： /4
よくある質問
10 問No, it is the standard formal way to ask. However, adding 'Prepáčte' (Excuse me) makes it more polite.
Yes, it is the required form for 'Vykanie' (formal address to one person).
Most Slovaks will understand you are a learner, but it might feel slightly jarring to them.
Answer with 'Som...' (I am) followed by your name or role.
Yes, but usually in a more complete sentence like 'Rád by som vedel, kto ste.'
Yes, in the 2nd person plural/formal present tense.
Yes, it adds emphasis, like 'And who are YOU?'
Young people might say 'Čo si zač?', but it's often a bit aggressive.
No, the verb 'ste' already tells the listener you are being formal/plural.
Very common, especially in thrillers or dramas when a mystery character appears.
関連フレーズ
Kto si?
similarWho are you? (Informal)
S kým mám tú česť?
specialized formWith whom do I have the honor?
Ako sa voláte?
similarWhat is your name?
Čo ste zač?
contrastWhat are you? / What kind of person are you?
Kto je to?
similarWho is it? / Who is that?
Kto ste vy?
builds onWho are YOU?
