第二 30秒で
- Second; number two.
- Indicates order in a sequence.
- Always used with the prefix '第' (dì).
- Essential for dates, rankings, and series.
- Definition
- The Chinese word 第二 (dì èr) is a determiner that means 'second' or 'number two'. It is used to indicate order or sequence, placing something as the second item in a series. It's a fundamental word for expressing ordinal numbers and is encountered frequently in everyday conversations and written Chinese.
- Usage
- Second is a very common concept in daily life. You'll use 第二 when talking about the second day of the month, the second person in line, the second chapter of a book, or the second time you do something. It's essential for structuring information and indicating position in a sequence. Unlike cardinal numbers like 'one' (一, yī), 'two' (二, èr), which represent quantity, ordinal numbers like 'second' specify position. Think of it as answering the question 'which one?' in a numbered list.
- Examples
- In a list of events, the second event would be 第二个 (dì èr ge). If you're talking about the second floor of a building, you'd say 第二层 (dì èr céng). When referring to the second attempt at something, it would be 第二次 (dì èr cì). It's also used in dates, such as the second day of January, which is 一月二日 (yī yuè èr rì) or more commonly 一月二号 (yī yuè èr hào), where the '二' here functions as the ordinal 'second' in this context. When comparing options, the second choice might be referred to as 第二个选择 (dì èr ge xuǎnzé). Even in titles or rankings, the second position is indicated by 第二. For instance, the second place in a competition is 第二名 (dì èr míng). Understanding this word is crucial for navigating sequential information in Chinese.
This is the second time I've visited Beijing.
He is the second son in the family.
Please turn to the second page.
- Basic Structure
- The most common structure for using 第二 is: 第 + Number + (Measure Word) + Noun. For 'second', this becomes 第二 + (Measure Word) + Noun. The measure word is often optional or implied depending on the noun.
- Examples in Sentences
- Here are some common ways 第二 is used:
这是我第二次来中国。
Zhè shì wǒ dì èr cì lái Zhōngguó.
This is my second time coming to China.
他是家里的第二个儿子。
Tā shì jiālǐ de dì èr ge érzi.
He is the second son in the family.
请翻到第二页。
Qǐng fān dào dì èr yè.
Please turn to the second page.
这是我们公司的第二个项目。
Zhè shì wǒmen gōngsī de dì èr ge xiàngmù.
This is our company's second project.
他获得了比赛的第二名。
Tā huòdéle bǐsài de dì èr míng.
He won second place in the competition.
- Everyday Life
- You'll hear 第二 constantly in daily life. When people are giving directions, they might say, 'Go straight, and turn at the second traffic light.' (在第二个红绿灯右转 - zài dì èr ge hónglǜdēng yòuzhuǎn). In a shop, a salesperson might offer you the second option if the first one isn't suitable. Or when discussing a movie or book, someone might say, 'The second part was even better.' (《第二部分更好》 - Dì èr bùfèn gèng hǎo).
- Formal Settings
- In more formal contexts, such as news reports, official documents, or academic lectures, 第二 is used to denote sequential order. For example, a news anchor might report on the second round of negotiations (谈判的第二轮 - tánpàn de dì èr lún). In a meeting, the agenda might list items, and the speaker might refer to the second point on the agenda (议程上的第二点 - yìchéng shàng de dì èr diǎn).
- Education and Media
- In educational materials, 第二 is used extensively. Textbooks are divided into chapters (第一章, 第二章, etc.), and lessons are often numbered sequentially. When watching Chinese TV shows or movies, characters might talk about the second episode of a series, or the second season. For instance, 'The second episode is very exciting' (《第二集很精彩》 - Dì èr jí hěn jīngcǎi).
- Dates and Time
- When referring to dates, the second day of any month is expressed using 第二. For example, January 2nd is 一月二日 (yī yuè dì èr rì) or more colloquially, 一月二号 (yī yuè dì èr hào). Similarly, the second hour of the day might be referred to as 第二个小时 (dì èr ge xiǎoshí).
Have you seen the second trailer for the new movie?
The second paragraph discusses climate change.
- Confusing Ordinal and Cardinal Numbers
- A very common mistake for beginners is to use the cardinal number 二 (èr) alone when they mean 'second'. Remember that for ordinal numbers (first, second, third, etc.), you almost always need the prefix 第 (dì). So, instead of just saying '二' for 'second', you must say '第二' (dì èr).
- Omitting the Prefix 第 (dì)
- Another frequent error is forgetting to add the prefix 第 (dì) before the number. While in English, we just say 'second', in Chinese, it's 第二. Saying just '二' when you mean 'second' can lead to confusion, as '二' by itself means 'two' (the quantity).
- Incorrect Measure Word Usage
- Sometimes learners might use the wrong measure word or omit it when it's necessary. For instance, when referring to the 'second time', you need the measure word 次 (cì), making it 第二次 (dì èr cì). Simply saying 第二次 without a proper context might sound incomplete or awkward. Always consider the noun you are modifying and the appropriate measure word.
- Using 第二 for Quantity
- It's important to distinguish between ordinal and cardinal numbers. 第二 specifically indicates position or order. You should not use it when you mean the quantity 'two'. For example, if you want to say 'I have two apples', you say '我有两个苹果' (Wǒ yǒu liǎng ge píngguǒ), not '我有第二两个苹果' (Wǒ yǒu dì èr liǎng ge píngguǒ).
- Pronunciation Errors
- While the tones for 'dì' (fourth tone) and 'èr' (fourth tone) are straightforward, mispronouncing them can change the meaning or make it difficult to understand. Ensure you practice the correct tones for both syllables.
Incorrect: 我有二本书。
Wǒ yǒu èr běn shū.
Meaning: I have two books. (Correct use of cardinal number)
Correct for ordinal: 这是我第二本书。
Zhè shì wǒ dì èr běn shū.
Meaning: This is my second book.
- 二 (èr) vs. 第二 (dì èr)
- This is the most crucial distinction. 二 (èr) is a cardinal number, meaning 'two' (quantity). 第二 (dì èr) is an ordinal number, meaning 'second' (position). You use 二 when counting items (e.g., 'two apples' - 两个苹果 liǎng ge píngguǒ) and 第二 when indicating order (e.g., 'the second chapter' - 第二章 dì èr zhāng).
- 其他 (qítā) - other
- While not a direct synonym, 其他 can sometimes be used in a context where 'second' might be implied if there are only two options. For example, if someone asks 'Which one do you want, A or B?', and you say 'I want the other one', you might use 其他. However, 第二 is specifically for the second position.
- 后 (hòu) - after, behind
- 后 can indicate something that comes after something else. For instance, 'the one after this' could be '这个后面的' (zhège hòumiàn de). This is more about temporal or spatial sequence rather than a specific numerical order like 'second'. It's less precise than 第二.
- 次 (cì) - times, occurrences
- 次 is a measure word for frequency or occurrences. When combined with 第二, it forms 第二次 (dì èr cì), meaning 'the second time'. 次 alone does not mean 'second'.
- 名 (míng) - name, rank
- 名 is often used as a measure word for people in rankings or competitions. 第二名 (dì èr míng) means 'second place' or 'second rank'.
I have two pens. (Cardinal)
This is my second pen. (Ordinal)
発音ガイド
- Confusing the tones: Pronouncing 'dì' or 'èr' with the wrong tone can change the meaning or make it unclear.
- Omitting the 'dì': Saying just 'èr' when 'second' is intended.
- Pronouncing 'èr' as 'liǎng': 'Liǎng' is used for 'two' in certain contexts (like counting objects), but 'èr' is used for ordinal numbers.
- Adding unnecessary sounds: Some learners might add extra sounds that are not part of the standard pronunciation.
レベル別の例文
这是第二本书。
This is the second book.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word + Noun
这是第二杯水。
This is the second cup of water.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word + Noun
我是第二。
I am second.
第 (dì) + Number
第二页。
Second page.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word
这是第二辆车。
This is the second car.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word + Noun
第二个人。
The second person.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word + Noun
第二盏灯。
The second lamp.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word + Noun
第二颗糖。
The second candy.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word + Noun
这是我第二次来北京。
This is my second time visiting Beijing.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Noun Phrase
请告诉我第二层的密码。
Please tell me the password for the second floor.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (层 céng) + Noun
他是家里的第二大。
He is the second oldest in the family.
第 (dì) + Number + Adjective/Noun
我买了第二件衣服。
I bought the second piece of clothing.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (件 jiàn) + Noun
比赛的第二名是谁？
Who is the second place winner in the competition?
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (名 míng) + Noun
这是我们第二次合作。
This is our second collaboration.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Noun
请看第二段。
Please read the second paragraph.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (段 duàn) + Noun
这是第二条路。
This is the second road.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (条 tiáo) + Noun
他解释了问题的第二种解决方案。
He explained the second solution to the problem.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (种 zhǒng) + Noun Phrase
我们将在第二季度开始这个项目。
We will start this project in the second quarter.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (季度 jìdù) + Noun Phrase
这本书的第二版已经出版了。
The second edition of this book has already been published.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (版 bǎn) + Noun Phrase
这是我们第二次吃到这么美味的饺子。
This is the second time we've eaten such delicious dumplings.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Verb Phrase
他以第二名的成绩考上了大学。
He was admitted to university with the second best score.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (名 míng) + Noun Phrase
请注意听第二部分的指示。
Please pay attention to the instructions in the second part.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (部分 bùfen) + Noun Phrase
这是我们第二次尝试。
This is our second attempt.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Noun Phrase
他是我父亲的第二位朋友。
He is my father's second friend.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (位 wèi) + Noun Phrase
经过反复讨论，他们最终选择了第二套方案。
After repeated discussions, they finally chose the second plan.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (套 tào) + Noun Phrase
该报告的第二章深入分析了市场趋势。
The second chapter of the report deeply analyzes market trends.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (章 zhāng) + Noun Phrase
她以第二高的票数当选为学生会主席。
She was elected student council president with the second highest number of votes.
第 (dì) + Number + Adjective + Measure Word (票 piào) + Noun Phrase
这是我们第二次参加国际会议。
This is our second time attending an international conference.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Verb Phrase
第二批货物将于下周抵达。
The second batch of goods will arrive next week.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (批 pī) + Noun Phrase
他认为第二种方法更有效。
He believes the second method is more effective.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (种 zhǒng) + Noun Phrase
这次考试的第二题有点难。
The second question on this exam is a bit difficult.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (题 tí) + Noun Phrase
这个城市有第二大机场。
This city has the second largest airport.
第 (dì) + Number + Adjective + Measure Word (大 dà) + Noun Phrase
该项目的第一阶段已圆满结束，第二阶段的准备工作正在进行中。
The first phase of the project has concluded successfully, and preparations for the second phase are underway.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (阶段 jiēduàn) + Noun Phrase
在众多候选人中，她以微弱劣势屈居第二。
Among the numerous candidates, she ranked second by a narrow margin.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (名 míng) + Adjective Phrase
历史的车轮滚滚向前，每一页都承载着前人的经验和教训，而第二页，则是一个关键的转折点。
The wheels of history roll forward, each page carrying the experiences and lessons of predecessors, and the second page marks a crucial turning point.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (页 yè) + Noun Phrase
考虑到资源的有限性，我们不得不放弃第一套方案，转而研究第二套。
Considering the limited resources, we had to abandon the first plan and instead explore the second one.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (套 tào) + Noun Phrase
这首诗的第二节意境深远，引人遐想。
The second stanza of this poem has profound imagery and inspires imagination.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (节 jié) + Noun Phrase
尽管第一轮谈判未能达成一致，但第二轮有望取得突破。
Although the first round of negotiations did not reach an agreement, the second round is expected to achieve a breakthrough.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (轮 lún) + Noun Phrase
他以第二顺位继承了家族的财富。
He inherited the family fortune as the second in line.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (顺位 shùnwèi) + Noun Phrase
这是我们第二次尝试解决这个复杂的技术难题。
This is our second attempt to solve this complex technical problem.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Verb Phrase
在历史的长河中，每一次重大变革都可能被视为一个时代的第二幕。
In the long river of history, each major transformation can be seen as the second act of an era.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (幕 mù) + Noun Phrase
尽管他是一位备受赞誉的艺术家，但在评论界，他的第二部作品却受到了褒贬不一的评价。
Although he is a highly acclaimed artist, his second work received mixed reviews from critics.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (部 bù) + Noun Phrase
当大多数人都在关注第一个解决方案时，他却敏锐地发现了第二种方法的潜在优势。
While most people were focused on the first solution, he keenly discovered the potential advantages of the second method.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (种 zhǒng) + Noun Phrase
这个理论的第二版修正了早期版本中的一些关键性错误。
The second edition of this theory corrected some critical errors in the earlier version.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (版 bǎn) + Noun Phrase
他们以微弱的优势险胜，获得了第二张入场券。
They narrowly won by a slim margin, securing the second entry ticket.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (张 zhāng) + Noun Phrase
在评估风险时，我们必须考虑第二层面的影响，而不仅仅是表面的现象。
When assessing risks, we must consider the second-level impact, not just the superficial phenomena.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (层 céng) + Noun Phrase
尽管经历了重重困难，他还是第二次登上了珠穆朗玛峰。
Despite overcoming numerous difficulties, he summited Mount Everest for the second time.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (次 cì) + Verb Phrase
这场辩论的第二阶段将聚焦于环境政策的实施。
The second stage of this debate will focus on the implementation of environmental policies.
第 (dì) + Number + Measure Word (阶段 jiēduàn) + Noun Phrase
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— The second time; on the second occasion.
这是我第二次来这里，感觉很熟悉。
— Second place; the runner-up.
他在比赛中获得了第二名，非常高兴。
— The second page.
请把书翻到第二页，我们开始阅读。
— The second floor/level.
我的房间在酒店的第二层。
— The second round (of a competition, negotiation, etc.).
谈判已经进入了第二轮。
— The second quarter (of a year).
公司公布了第二季度的财务报告。
— The second person.
请第二个人开始发言。
— Although this combines 'twenty' and 'second', in contexts like dates (e.g., the 20th day), it would be 第二十 (dì èr shí).
今天是十一月第二十号。
— The second episode (of a TV series).
这部电视剧的第二集剧情很紧张。
— The second kind/type/method.
我们讨论了两种方法，这是第二种。
慣用句と表現
— To continue to exert effort; to make persistent efforts. While not directly containing 'second', it implies continuing effort after an initial success or attempt, often leading to further progress.
第一次成功了，要再接再厉，争取更好的成绩。
Encouraging— One shouldn't have to try more than three times; if you fail twice, you probably won't succeed the third time. This idiom implies a limit, and 'second' is a key part of the sequence leading up to the limit.
这是第二次了，如果再出错，可能就真的不行了。
Cautionary— To divide one into two; to look at things from a dialectical perspective (one divides into two). This idiom directly uses 'two' but in the context of division, not necessarily ordinal position. However, it conceptually relates to separating things.
看待问题要一分为二，不能只看好的一面。
Philosophical/Analytical— To give up halfway; to leave something unfinished. This implies not completing a task, and the 'halfway' point is often after the first part and before the end, conceptually related to sequences.
很多计划都半途而废了，只有少数坚持到了最后。
Negative— The strength of nine bulls and two tigers; tremendous effort. While it uses 'two tigers', it's about immense quantity of strength, not ordinal position.
他用九牛二虎之力才把那块石头搬动。
Descriptive— One sings, the other responds; to echo each other. Implies a sequence of actions or dialogue.
他们俩总是互相一唱一和，配合得很好。
Descriptive— To infer three things from one; to learn by analogy. This idiom implies extending knowledge from one instance to multiple others, suggesting a conceptual leap beyond the initial.
他很聪明，能举一反三，很快就掌握了知识。
Complimentary— Unique; one of a kind. Directly contrasts with 'second' by emphasizing singularity.
这件艺术品是独一无二的。
Emphatic— Again and again; repeatedly. Implies multiple occurrences, often including the second.
我再三叮嘱他要小心。
Emphatic— To use two methods at the same time; to tackle from both sides. Directly involves 'two' but refers to simultaneous actions.
我们必须双管齐下，才能解决这个问题。
Strategic語族
関連
語源
The character 二 (èr) itself is a pictograph representing two lines, symbolizing two objects. The character 第 (dì) is a phono-semantic compound, where 弟 (dì) provides the phonetic component and 巾 (jīn, meaning 'cloth') suggests the idea of a banner or marker, implying order or sequence.
元の意味： The original meaning of 二 is simply 'two'. The word 第 was developed to specifically denote ordinal positions in a series.
Sino-TibetanSummary
第二 (dì èr) means 'second' and is used to indicate the order of items in a sequence, always preceded by the marker 第 (dì). It's crucial for expressing ordinal positions.
- Second; number two.
- Indicates order in a sequence.
- Always used with the prefix '第' (dì).
- Essential for dates, rankings, and series.
関連コンテンツ
generalの関連語
一下儿
A1「ちょっと」「少し」という意味で、動詞の後ろに置いて口調を和らげます。
点儿
A1少し、あるいは少量の。動詞の後に置いて「少しの〜」を、形容詞の後に置いて比較（もう少し〜）を表します。
有点儿
A1少し、ちょっと（不満や不快な状態を表す）
一下
A2ちょっと；少し（動詞の後に置いて、口調を和らげるために使われます）。
一点儿
A1少し、少々。量や程度がわずかであることを表す。
一会儿
A1少しの間、しばらく。
一部分
B1一部分（いっぶぶん）；一部。
异样
B1普通とは違う、様子が変であること。
关于
A1「〜について」や「〜に関する」を意味する前置詞。話題を導入したり、本や会話の内容を定義したりする際に使われます。
快要
A2電車はまもなく駅に到着します。もうすぐ雨が降るので、傘を持って行きなさい。
