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Asking 'Do you have?' (Имаш ли?)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To ask 'Do you have?' in Bulgarian, simply state the verb 'имаш' and add the question particle 'ли' immediately after it.

  • Use 'Имаш ли' for informal 'Do you have?': 'Имаш ли време?' (Do you have time?)
  • Use 'Имате ли' for formal/plural 'Do you have?': 'Имате ли карта?' (Do you have a map?)
  • Place 'ли' right after the verb: 'Имаш ли' is correct; 'Ли имаш' is incorrect.
Verb (Имаш/Имате) + ли + Object?

Conjugation of 'Имам' (To Have)

Person Affirmative Question (Informal) Question (Formal)
I
Имам
-
-
You (sg)
Имаш
Имаш ли?
-
He/She/It
Има
-
-
We
Имаме
-
-
You (pl)
Имате
-
Имате ли?
They
Имат
-
-

Meanings

This structure is used to inquire about the possession or availability of objects, time, or abstract concepts.

1

Direct Possession

Asking if someone owns or is currently holding something.

“Имаш ли химикалка?”

“Имаш ли ключове?”

2

Availability

Asking if something is available or if someone has free time.

“Имаш ли време?”

“Имате ли свободни маси?”

3

Formal Inquiry

Using the polite form to address strangers or superiors.

“Имате ли въпроси?”

“Имате ли резервация?”

Reference Table

Reference table for Asking 'Do you have?' (Имаш ли?)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Subject + Verb + Object
Имам вода.
Question (Inf)
Verb + ли + Object
Имаш ли вода?
Question (Form)
Verb + ли + Object
Имате ли вода?
Negative
Не + Verb + Object
Нямам вода.
Neg. Question
Не + Verb + ли + Object
Нямаш ли вода?
Short Answer (Yes)
Да, имам.
Да, имам.
Short Answer (No)
Не, нямам.
Не, нямам.

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Имате ли химикалка?

Имате ли химикалка? (Asking for a pen)

중립
Имаш ли химикалка?

Имаш ли химикалка? (Asking for a pen)

비격식체
Имаш ли химикалка?

Имаш ли химикалка? (Asking for a pen)

속어
Имаш ли химикалка?

Имаш ли химикалка? (Asking for a pen)

The 'Имам' Question Tree

Имам (To Have)

Informal

  • Имаш ли? Do you have?

Formal

  • Имате ли? Do you have?

Negative

  • Нямаш ли? Don't you have?

수준별 예문

1

Имаш ли вода?

Do you have water?

2

Имате ли меню?

Do you have a menu?

3

Имаш ли химикалка?

Do you have a pen?

4

Имате ли време?

Do you have time?

1

Имаш ли планове за уикенда?

Do you have plans for the weekend?

2

Имате ли свободна стая?

Do you have a free room?

3

Имаш ли зарядно за телефон?

Do you have a phone charger?

4

Имате ли по-малък размер?

Do you have a smaller size?

1

Имаш ли представа къде е гарата?

Do you have any idea where the station is?

2

Имате ли някакви специални изисквания?

Do you have any special requirements?

3

Имаш ли нужда от помощ с багажа?

Do you have need of help with the luggage?

4

Имате ли опит в тази сфера?

Do you have experience in this field?

1

Имаш ли някакви възражения относно плана?

Do you have any objections regarding the plan?

2

Имате ли предвид конкретен модел?

Do you have a specific model in mind?

3

Имаш ли възможност да се видим по-късно?

Do you have the possibility to meet later?

4

Имате ли някакви доказателства за това?

Do you have any proof for that?

1

Имаш ли някакви съмнения относно автентичността на документа?

Do you have any doubts regarding the authenticity of the document?

2

Имате ли някакви алтернативни предложения за решаване на проблема?

Do you have any alternative proposals for solving the problem?

3

Имаш ли някакви сантиментални причини да пазиш това?

Do you have any sentimental reasons to keep this?

4

Имате ли някакви опасения относно предложените промени?

Do you have any concerns regarding the proposed changes?

1

Имаш ли някаква представа за дълбочината на този философски въпрос?

Do you have any idea about the depth of this philosophical question?

2

Имате ли някакви конкретни аргументи, които биха подкрепили тази теза?

Do you have any concrete arguments that would support this thesis?

3

Имаш ли някакви резерви към този подход?

Do you have any reservations towards this approach?

4

Имате ли някакви допълнителни коментари по доклада?

Do you have any additional comments on the report?

혼동하기 쉬운

Asking 'Do you have?' (Имаш ли?) 대 Имам vs Има

Learners mix up personal possession (Имам) with existential presence (Има).

Asking 'Do you have?' (Имаш ли?) 대 Имаш ли vs Дали имаш

Both are questions, but 'дали' is indirect.

Asking 'Do you have?' (Имаш ли?) 대 Имаш ли vs Имаш

Missing the particle 'ли' makes it a statement.

자주 하는 실수

✗

Имаш до вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Bulgarian doesn't use 'do'.
✗

Ли имаш вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

The particle 'ли' must follow the verb.
✗

Имаш вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Missing the particle makes it a statement, not a question.
✗

Имате ли вода (to a friend)?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Using formal for a friend is okay but less natural.
✗

Има ли ти вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Using the impersonal 'има' instead of personal 'имаш'.
✗

Имаш ли си вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Adding unnecessary reflexive pronouns.
✗

Имаш ли водата?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Using the definite article when asking for general items.
✗

Дали имаш вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Using 'дали' is correct but more formal/indirect.
✗

Имаш ли ти вода?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Adding the subject pronoun 'ти' is redundant.
✗

Имаш ли вода, нали?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Adding a tag question unnecessarily.
✗

Имаш ли вода, или не?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Over-complicating simple questions.
✗

Имаш ли вода, моля?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Politeness markers don't go there.
✗

Имаш ли вода, кажи ми?

✓

Имаш ли вода?

Imperative interference.

문장 패턴

Имаш ли ___?

Имате ли ___?

Нямаш ли ___?

Имаш ли някакви ___?

Real World Usage

Restaurant constant

Имате ли свободна маса?

Texting very common

Имаш ли време за кафе?

Shopping common

Имате ли размер М?

Travel common

Имате ли карта на града?

Social Media occasional

Имаш ли Instagram?

Job Interview common

Имате ли въпроси към нас?

💡

Keep it simple

Don't overthink the word order. Just Verb + ли + Object.
⚠️

No 'do'

Never translate 'do' from English. It doesn't exist in Bulgarian.
🎯

Formal vs Informal

When in doubt, use 'Имате ли'. It's always safe.
💬

Be polite

Bulgarians appreciate a 'моля' (please) after your question.

Smart Tips

Always use 'Имате ли' to be polite.

Имаш ли карта? → Имате ли карта?

Place 'ли' immediately after the verb.

Имаш вода ли? → Имаш ли вода?

Use 'Има' instead of 'Имаш'.

Имаш ли вода в стаята? → Има ли вода в стаята?

Use 'Имаш ли' to invite a yes/no response.

Ти имаш вода? → Имаш ли вода?

발음

/li/

The 'ли' particle

The 'и' is short and crisp. Do not draw it out.

Rising intonation

Имаш ли вода? ↑

Standard yes/no question.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'ли' as a little 'hook' that pulls the verb into a question.

시각적 연상

Imagine a fisherman (the verb 'имаш') throwing a hook ('ли') into the water to catch an answer.

Rhyme

When you want to ask, don't be shy, just add the little particle 'ли'.

Story

Ivan is at a store. He wants water. He looks at the clerk and says 'Имате ли вода?'. The clerk smiles and gives him water. Ivan is happy because he used the magic particle 'ли'.

Word Web

ИмамИмашИмаИмамеИматеИматли

챌린지

Ask 3 people today: 'Имаш ли време?' (Do you have time?)

문화 노트

Bulgarians are direct but polite. Using 'Имате ли' is a sign of good manners.

The verb 'имам' comes from the Old Church Slavonic 'imati'.

대화 시작하기

“

Имаш ли планове за днес?

“

Имате ли нужда от помощ?

“

Имаш ли любим ресторант?

“

Имате ли опит с българския език?

일기 주제

Write about 5 things you have in your bag.
Ask 3 questions to a friend about their day.
Describe a time you asked for help in a shop.
Write a dialogue between a customer and a waiter.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Test Yourself

Fill in the missing particle.

Имаш ___ вода?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ли
The particle 'ли' is required for questions.
Choose the correct form. 객관식

___ ли време?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш
Use 'Имаш' for singular informal.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ли имаш време?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли време?
'ли' must follow the verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

ли / вода / Имаш / ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли вода?
Standard order is Verb + ли + Object.
Choose the formal version. 객관식

How to ask a stranger?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имате ли карта?
Use 'Имате' for formal.
Fill in the verb.

___ ли въпроси?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имате
Formal address requires 'Имате'.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Имаш ли водата?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли вода?
Avoid definite articles for general items.
Which is correct? 객관식

Asking a friend for a pen.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли химикалка?
Informal is best for friends.

Score: /8

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the missing particle.

Имаш ___ вода?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ли
The particle 'ли' is required for questions.
Choose the correct form. 객관식

___ ли време?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш
Use 'Имаш' for singular informal.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ли имаш време?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли време?
'ли' must follow the verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

ли / вода / Имаш / ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли вода?
Standard order is Verb + ли + Object.
Choose the formal version. 객관식

How to ask a stranger?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имате ли карта?
Use 'Имате' for formal.
Fill in the verb.

___ ли въпроси?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имате
Formal address requires 'Имате'.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Имаш ли водата?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли вода?
Avoid definite articles for general items.
Which is correct? 객관식

Asking a friend for a pen.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Имаш ли химикалка?
Informal is best for friends.

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

Yes, 'ли' works with all verbs in Bulgarian to form questions.

Yes, it is singular informal. Use 'Имате ли' for formal or plural.

It will sound like a statement, which might confuse the listener.

Yes, 'дали' is also used for questions, but it's more indirect.

You need 'ли' to make it a question.

No, it is the same for masculine and feminine subjects.

Yes, the structure remains the same regardless of the object.

It's not rude, just grammatically incorrect for a question.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish high

¿Tienes...?

Bulgarian uses a particle 'ли' instead of a question mark at the start.

French moderate

Est-ce que tu as...?

Bulgarian particle is post-verbal.

German high

Hast du...?

Bulgarian uses a particle instead of word order change.

Japanese partial

...ga arimasu ka?

Placement of the particle.

Arabic moderate

Hal 'indaka...?

Position of the interrogative marker.

Chinese moderate

Ni you... ma?

Position of the marker.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
Negating 'Имам' (Нямам)
Next
Using 'Има' (There is/are)

Related Grammar Rules

A0

Asking 'How many?' (Колко?)
A1

Wh-Questions (Кой, Какво, Къде)
A1

Asking 'Whose is this?' (Чий е?)
A0

Asking 'How are you?' (Как си/сте?)
A0

Asking 'What is this?' (Какво е това?)
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