Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Master these four verbs to express almost any basic human desire, preference, or ownership in English.
- Use 'I' + the verb for simple statements: 'I like coffee'.
- Add 'don't' before the verb for negatives: 'I don't want tea'.
- Add an 's' for He, She, or It: 'He needs water'.
Overview
like, want, need, have가 바로 그 주인공입니다.I(S) like(V) coffee(O)라고 말해야 합니다. 동사가 문장의 중간에 오고, 그 뒤에 대상(목적어)이 오는 이 구조에 익숙해지는 것이 영어 공부의 첫걸음입니다.I(나), You(너), We(우리), They(그들)일 때는 동사 원형을 그대로 쓰지만, 주어가 He(그), She(그녀), It(그것) 또는 My friend(내 친구), The teacher(선생님)처럼 나와 너를 제외한 제3자 한 명(또는 한 개)일 때는 동사 뒤에 -s를 붙여야 합니다.like→likeswant→wantsneed→needs
have는 불규칙하게 변하여 haves가 아닌 has가 된다는 점을 꼭 기억하세요. 이 규칙은 한국어에는 없는 개념이라 많은 학습자가 실수하는 부분이지만, 영어에서는 문장의 정확성을 결정짓는 매우 중요한 지표입니다.do not (줄여서 don't)이나 does not (줄여서 doesn't)이라는 도움 동사(Auxiliary Verb)를 사용합니다. 이때 주어가 3인칭 단수라면 doesn't를 사용하고, 그 뒤에 오는 본동사는 다시 원래의 모습(원형)으로 돌아갑니다.He likes의 부정은 He doesn't like가 됩니다. likes에서 -s를 이미 does가 가져갔다고 생각하면 이해하기 쉽습니다.I like apples. |I don't like apples. |Do you like apples? |- 패턴 A: 주어가
I,You,We,They또는 복수 명사일 때 - 구조:
주어+동사 원형+목적어 - 예시:
I want a coffee.(나는 커피를 원해요.) - 예시:
They have a car.(그들은 차가 있어요.)
- 패턴 B: 주어가
He,She,It또는 단수 명사일 때 - 구조:
주어+동사-s(또는has) +목적어 - 예시:
She likes music.(그녀는 음악을 좋아해요.) - 예시:
My brother needs a laptop.(내 남동생은 노트북이 필요해요.) - 예시:
He has a dog.(그는 강아지가 한 마리 있어요.)
don't와 doesn't가 방패 역할을 하여 동사를 보호한다고 생각하세요.- 패턴 A: 주어가
I,You,We,They일 때 - 구조:
주어+don't+동사 원형+목적어 - 예시:
I don't need help.(나는 도움이 필요 없어요.) - 예시:
We don't have time.(우리는 시간이 없어요.)
- 패턴 B: 주어가
He,She,It일 때 - 구조:
주어+doesn't+동사 원형+목적어 - 예시:
He doesn't want pizza.(그는 피자를 원하지 않아요.) - 예시:
She doesn't like spicy food.(그녀는 매운 음식을 좋아하지 않아요.)
Do나 Does를 세워주세요.- 패턴 A: 주어가
I,You,We,They일 때 - 구조:
Do+주어+동사 원형+목적어? - 예시:
Do you like K-pop?(너 K-pop 좋아하니?) - 예시:
Do they have a menu?(그들에게 메뉴판이 있나요?)
- 패턴 B: 주어가
He,She,It일 때 - 구조:
Does+주어+동사 원형+목적어? - 예시:
Does she want water?(그녀가 물을 원하나요?) - 예시:
Does it need batteries?(그것은 건전지가 필요한가요?)
Like: 취향과 선호도 표현하기like는 어떤 대상이나 활동에 대해 긍정적인 감정을 가지고 있을 때 사용합니다. 일시적인 기분보다는 평소의 취향을 말할 때 주로 쓰입니다.- 명사와 함께:
I like this cafe.(이 카페 마음에 들어요/좋아해요.) - 활동과 함께:
I like to watch YouTube.(나는 유튜브 보는 걸 좋아해요.) - 문화적 팁: 한국인은 겸손의 의미로 «좋아하는 편이에요»라고 자주 말하지만, 영어에서는 당당하게
I like it!이라고 말하는 것이 훨씬 자연스럽습니다.
Want: 욕구와 의사 표현하기want는 지금 당장 무엇을 하고 싶거나, 무엇을 가지고 싶을 때 사용합니다. 카페나 식당에서 주문할 때 가장 많이 쓰는 동사이기도 하죠.- 명사와 함께:
I want an iced americano.(아이스 아메리카노 한 잔 주세요/원해요.) - 활동과 함께:
I want to go home.(집에 가고 싶어요.) - 주의할 점:
want는 매우 직접적인 표현입니다. 처음 보는 사람이나 격식 있는 자리에서는I would like를 쓰는 것이 더 예의 바르게 들립니다.
Need: 필요성과 의무 표현하기need는 단순히 원하는 수준을 넘어, 그것이 없으면 안 되는 상황이나 꼭 해야 하는 일을 나타냅니다.- 명사와 함께:
I need a charger.(충전기가 필요해요. - 배터리가 없을 때) - 활동과 함께:
I need to study English.(영어를 공부해야 해요. - 시험이나 취업을 위해 꼭 필요한 상황) - 한국어와의 차이: 한국어로는 «책이 필요해»라고 '책'이 주어처럼 쓰이기도 하지만, 영어에서는 항상
I need a book처럼 '내가' 주어가 되어야 합니다.
Have: 소유와 상태 표현하기have는 내가 무엇을 가지고 있는지, 혹은 어떤 특징을 가지고 있는지를 나타냅니다.- 소유물:
I have an iPhone.(나는 아이폰을 가지고 있어요.) - 관계:
I have a sister.(나는 여동생이 있어요.) - 시간/약속:
I have a meeting at 2 PM.(2시에 회의가 있어요.) - 한국어와의 차이: 한국어에서는 «시간이 있어요»라고 말하지만, 영어에서는
Time has me가 아니라I have time이라고 말해야 합니다. 소유의 주체는 항상 사람입니다.
- 잘못된 예:
Like coffee?/Yes, like.(X) - 올바른 예:
Do you like coffee?/Yes, I do.또는Yes, I like it.(O) - 이유: 영어에서 주어는 문장의 기차 머리와 같습니다. 기차 머리가 없으면 뒤에 오는 동사와 목적어가 움직일 수 없습니다.
-s를 빼먹는 실수 (Third-person Singular -s)-s를 붙이는 것을 자꾸 잊어버립니다.- 잘못된 예:
My friend like pizza.(X) - 올바른 예:
My friend likes pizza.(O) - 이유: 영어에서
-s는 주어와 동사의 짝을 맞춰주는 약속입니다. 특히have가has로 변하는 것은 수천 번 연습해서 입에 붙여야 합니다.
want와 need의 혼동want)일 때가 많습니다. 하지만 영어에서 need는 생존이나 목적 달성에 필수적인 상황에서만 씁니다.- 상황: 예쁜 옷을 발견했을 때
- 어색한 표현:
I need that dress!(그 드레스가 없으면 죽을 것 같거나 당장 내일 결혼식에 입고 갈 옷이 아예 없는 상황처럼 들림) - 자연스러운 표현:
I want that dress!(그 드레스를 갖고 싶어!)
Like | 보통 | 좋아하다 (취향) | I like movies. |Love | 강함 | 정말 좋아하다, 사랑하다 | I love movies. |Want | 보통 | 원하다, 하고 싶다 | I want to sleep. |Would like | 정중 | ~하고 싶습니다 (격식) | I would like to order. |Need | 강함 | 필요하다, 해야만 한다 | I need to sleep. |Have vs There is/areI have a pen.: 내가 펜을 소유하고 있을 때 사용합니다.There is a pen on the table.: 내 소유 여부와 상관없이 특정 장소에 펜이 존재함을 나타낼 때 사용합니다.
I like to swim과 I like swimming은 다른가요?to swim은 수영이라는 행위 자체에, swimming은 수영하는 즐거움이나 습관에 조금 더 무게를 두는 경향이 있지만, A0 단계에서는 구분 없이 사용하셔도 무방합니다.I don't have 대신 I have no라고 써도 되나요?I don't have money와 I have no money는 같은 뜻입니다. 하지만 don't have 패턴이 훨씬 더 광범위하게 쓰이므로, 초보 단계에서는 don't have를 먼저 익히시는 것을 추천합니다.He has라고 하나요? He haves는 안 되나요?haves라고 발음하는 것을 불편해하다 보니 자연스럽게 has로 줄어들게 되었습니다. 불규칙 변화이므로 규칙을 따지기보다는 하나의 단어처럼 외우는 것이 좋습니다.I want가 무례하게 들릴 수도 있나요?I want a burger!라고만 하면 다소 어린아이 같은 느낌을 줄 수 있습니다. 그럴 때는 뒤에 please를 붙여 I want a burger, please.라고 하거나, Can I have a burger?라고 물어보는 것이 더 세련된 표현입니다.2. Negative Contractions
| Full Form | Short Form (Contraction) | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
do not
|
don't
|
I, You, We, They
|
|
does not
|
doesn't
|
He, She, It
|
Present Simple Conjugation
| Subject | Like | Want | Need | Have |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
like
|
want
|
need
|
have
|
|
You
|
like
|
want
|
need
|
have
|
|
He / She / It
|
likes
|
wants
|
needs
|
has
|
|
We
|
like
|
want
|
need
|
have
|
|
They
|
like
|
want
|
need
|
have
|
Meanings
These four verbs describe states of being, preferences, requirements, and ownership rather than physical actions.
Preference (Like)
To find something pleasant or agreeable.
“I like music.”
“They like the beach.”
Desire (Want)
To wish for something or hope to get something.
“I want a pizza.”
“She wants a coffee.”
Necessity (Need)
To require something because it is essential or very important.
“I need help.”
“He needs a doctor.”
Possession (Have)
To own, hold, or possess something.
“I have a phone.”
“You have a key.”
Reference Table
| 주어 | 선호 (like) | 소망 (want) | 필요 (need) | 소유 (have) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
I
|
I like
|
I want
|
I need
|
I have
|
|
You (단수)
|
You like
|
You want
|
You need
|
You have
|
|
He
|
He likes
|
He wants
|
He needs
|
He has
|
|
She
|
She likes
|
She wants
|
She needs
|
She has
|
|
It
|
It likes
|
It wants
|
It needs
|
It has
|
|
We
|
We like
|
We want
|
We need
|
We have
|
|
You (복수)
|
You like
|
You want
|
You need
|
You have
|
|
They
|
They like
|
They want
|
They need
|
They have
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
I require some water, please. (Thirst)
I need some water. (Thirst)
Can I have some water? (Thirst)
Gimme some water. (Thirst)
수준별 예문
I like apples.
I enjoy eating apples.
I want a coffee.
I desire a cup of coffee.
I need help.
It is necessary for someone to help me.
I have a brother.
I possess a sibling relationship with a male.
She doesn't like pizza.
She does not enjoy pizza.
Do you want to go home?
Is it your desire to return to your house?
He needs to study.
It is necessary for him to study.
We have a big house.
Our house is large.
I've always liked this song.
I have enjoyed this song for a long time.
I wanted to tell you earlier.
I had the desire to inform you before now.
You'll need a visa for Japan.
A visa is a requirement for your trip.
I'm having a party on Saturday.
I am hosting a celebration.
I don't like being interrupted.
I find it annoying when people stop me while I'm talking.
I want this finished by noon.
I require this task to be completed by 12:00.
This project needs looking at.
This project requires attention.
I have no idea what you mean.
I completely do not understand you.
I like that he's honest, but he's too blunt.
I appreciate his honesty, though his directness is excessive.
I wouldn't want you to think I'm ungrateful.
I hope you don't perceive me as lacking gratitude.
The situation needs to be handled with care.
The circumstances require delicate management.
He has a tendency to exaggerate.
He often makes things sound bigger than they are.
I like nothing better than a quiet evening.
A quiet evening is my absolute favorite thing.
For want of a better word, it was a disaster.
Because I can't find a more accurate term, I'll call it a disaster.
It needs saying that we are over budget.
It is necessary to state that we have spent too much.
I have half a mind to quit this job.
I am seriously considering resigning.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners often use 'like' when they should use 'as' to describe a role.
Both mean possession, but the grammar for questions and negatives is different.
Learners use 'want' in formal situations where it might sound too demanding.
자주 하는 실수
I am like coffee.
I like coffee.
He want a car.
He wants a car.
I no have money.
I don't have money.
I have 20 years.
I am 20 years old.
Does she likes pizza?
Does she like pizza?
I am having a car.
I have a car.
I want that you go.
I want you to go.
I'm needing some help.
I need some help.
I have a mind of quitting.
I have a mind to quit.
문장 패턴
I like ___.
I want to ___.
She doesn't have ___.
Do you need ___?
Real World Usage
I want a cheeseburger, please.
I like your new post!
I have experience in marketing.
I need medicine for my cough.
I like travel and dogs.
I need to find the train station.
-s 발음에 집중해 보세요
He likes pizza.am 동사를 같이 쓰지 마세요!
I like it.has는 특별한 변신이에요
She has a car.
더 정중하게 말하고 싶을 때
I would like a coffee.
Smart Tips
Put a 'snake' (the letter S) at the end of the verb!
Use 'I'll have...' or 'I'd like...' instead of 'I want'.
The main verb always goes back to its 'naked' base form. No 's' allowed!
Ask yourself: 'Will I be okay without this?' If yes, use 'want'. If no, use 'need'.
발음
The 's' sound
In 'likes' and 'wants', the 's' sounds like /s/. In 'needs', it sounds like /z/.
Have vs Has
The 'v' in 'have' is a soft buzzing sound. The 's' in 'has' sounds like /z/.
Emphasis on the Verb
I DO want it!
Used to contradict someone who thinks you don't want it.
암기하기
기억법
L.W.N.H. - Love What's Now Here (Like, Want, Need, Have).
시각적 연상
Imagine a heart (Like), a reaching hand (Want), a lifebuoy (Need), and a locked box (Have). Visualize these four icons in a row on your desk.
Rhyme
I like, I want, I need, I have. These four verbs will make you glad!
Story
I LIKE my new house. I HAVE the keys in my hand. But I WANT a bigger kitchen because I NEED more space for my family.
Word Web
챌린지
Write 4 sentences about yourself right now: one thing you like, one thing you want, one thing you need, and one thing you have.
문화 노트
British speakers often use 'have got' instead of just 'have'. For example, 'I've got a car' instead of 'I have a car'.
Americans use 'want' very directly. In some cultures, saying 'I want' can sound rude, but in the US, it is standard for ordering.
To be more polite, English speakers often replace 'I want' with 'I would like' or 'Could I have'.
These verbs come from Old English roots (lician, wanian, neodian, habban).
대화 시작하기
What do you like to do on weekends?
What is one thing you really want right now?
Do you have any pets?
What do you need to buy at the supermarket?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercisesShe ___ a new phone.
I ___ (not / like) cold weather.
Find and fix the mistake:
He have two brothers.
you / Do / help / need / ?
1. Like, 2. Need, 3. Have
I am thirsty. I ___ water.
___ she want a coffee?
Select the correct sentence.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesI ___ a new phone, this one is old.
He have a lot of books.
Which sentence is correct?
다음 문장을 영어로 번역하세요: '그녀는 커피 한 잔을 원해요.'
단어들을 순서대로 배열하여 문장을 만드세요:
주어와 알맞은 'like'의 형태를 연결하세요:
The dog ___ a lot of energy.
We needs more time for this project.
Which sentence is correct?
다음 문장을 영어로 번역하세요: '우리는 도움이 필요해요.'
단어들을 조합해 문장을 완성하세요:
주어에 맞는 'have' 또는 'has'를 연결하세요:
Score: /12
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
The verb `have` is irregular. Instead of adding an 's' to make 'haves', it changes completely to `has` for He, She, and It.
In formal grammar, no. `Like` is a stative verb and shouldn't be in the -ing form. However, in casual English (and famous ads!), people sometimes say it to show they are enjoying something right now.
`I'd like` is a shorter version of `I would like`. It is much more polite than `I want`, especially when talking to strangers or service staff.
If you are talking about one countable thing, yes. For example: `I have a car` or `I want a sandwich`. You don't need it for uncountable things: `I want water`.
No, it's not rude if you actually need something! However, if you are asking for a favor, adding 'please' makes it much better: `I need help, please`.
Yes! `I have breakfast at 8 AM` means you eat it. It's very common to use `have` for meals and drinks.
English uses 'do-support'. This means most verbs need the helper verb `do` to make a negative or a question. `I no like` is a common mistake for learners.
Yes, but you must use 'to'. For example: `I want to sleep`. You cannot say `I want sleep` unless 'sleep' is a noun.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Gustar / Querer / Necesitar / Tener
The subject of 'like' is the person in English, but the object in Spanish.
Aimer / Vouloir / Avoir besoin / Avoir
French uses 'have' for physical states like hunger/thirst, English uses 'be'.
Mögen / Wollen / Brauchen / Haben
German verb endings are more complex than the simple English 's'.
Suki / Hoshii / Hitsuyo / Motte iru
English uses verbs for these concepts; Japanese often uses adjectives.
Yuhib / Yurid / Yahtaj / 'Indi
Arabic expresses possession through prepositions, not a dedicated verb like 'have'.
Xǐhuān / Yào / Xūyào / Yǒu
