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B1 noun #2,000 가장 일반적인 16분 분량

بر پایه

bar payeh 상위 2,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 بر پایه 30초 만에

설명 بر پایه in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to navigate the Persian language. The phrase 'بر پایه' is generally considered too advanced and abstract for absolute beginners, who are focused on basic survival vocabulary, simple greetings, and concrete nouns. However, A1 learners might encounter this phrase passively if they watch Persian movies with subtitles, specifically in the opening credits where 'بر پایه یک داستان واقعی' (based on a true story) is displayed. At this stage, the goal is not active production but mere recognition. A1 learners should focus on understanding the individual words: 'بر' (on) and 'پایه' (base/leg). If a teacher uses it in class, it will likely be translated directly to help students understand the context of a reading passage. The grammatical complexity of the Ezafe connection and the abstract nature of the phrase mean that A1 learners should simply memorize it as a fixed chunk of vocabulary without worrying about the underlying syntax. They should prioritize simpler prepositions like 'در' (in), 'روی' (on top of), and 'زیر' (under) before attempting to use 'بر پایه' in their own simple sentences.

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As learners progress to the A2 level, they begin to construct more complex sentences and express basic reasons and relationships. At this stage, 'بر پایه' becomes a useful tool for expanding their descriptive capabilities. A2 learners can start using this phrase to talk about movies, books, and simple facts. For example, they can say 'این فیلم بر پایه یک کتاب است' (This movie is based on a book). The focus at this level is on mastering the pronunciation, specifically remembering to include the Ezafe vowel ('bar pāye-ye'). Teachers will encourage students to use 'بر پایه' to answer 'why' or 'how' questions in a very basic way. While they might still make mistakes by confusing it with 'روی' (on), consistent practice with familiar topics—like hobbies, entertainment, and daily routines—will help solidify its meaning. A2 learners should also be introduced to its most common synonym, 'بر اساس', as they will frequently hear both in simple news broadcasts or intermediate reading materials. The goal is to move from passive recognition to guided, active usage in highly structured, familiar contexts.

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At the B1 level, 'بر پایه' becomes an essential and actively used component of the learner's vocabulary. B1 learners are expected to discuss abstract concepts, express opinions, and provide reasons for their viewpoints. This phrase is perfect for these tasks. Learners at this stage should confidently use 'بر پایه' to link evidence to conclusions, such as saying 'بر پایه این اطلاعات، ما باید برنامه را تغییر دهیم' (Based on this information, we must change the plan). They should fully grasp the grammatical requirement of the Ezafe and place the phrase correctly within the sentence structure, usually before the main verb. B1 learners will also encounter this phrase frequently in authentic materials like news articles, podcasts, and intermediate literature. They should be able to distinguish it from similar phrases like 'طبق' (according to) and understand when to use which. Furthermore, B1 learners can start forming compound adjectives, such as 'آموزش بر پایه بازی' (play-based learning), which significantly boosts their ability to discuss modern, relevant topics. Mastery of 'بر پایه' at this level is a strong indicator of a learner's transition from basic communication to more nuanced, logical expression.

For B2 learners, 'بر پایه' is a foundational element of their academic and professional vocabulary. At this level of fluency, learners are engaging with complex texts, participating in debates, and writing detailed essays. They use 'بر پایه' to construct sophisticated arguments, cite sources, and explain methodologies. A B2 learner will comfortably say, 'استدلال من بر پایه تحقیقات علمی اخیر استوار است' (My argument is established based on recent scientific research). They understand the subtle stylistic nuances and will naturally alternate between 'بر پایه' and 'بر اساس' to avoid repetition in their writing. At this stage, learners are also highly aware of register; they know that 'بر پایه' is appropriate for formal presentations, news discussions, and essays, but might opt for simpler phrasing in casual chats. They can effortlessly comprehend and produce complex sentences where 'بر پایه' modifies abstract nouns like justice, economics, or psychology. The phrase is no longer just a vocabulary word; it is a structural tool that B2 learners use to organize their thoughts logically and present them persuasively in both spoken and written Persian.

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At the C1 level, learners possess an advanced, near-native command of the language. Their use of 'بر پایه' is instinctive, precise, and stylistically refined. C1 learners use this phrase to navigate highly specialized domains, such as law, science, philosophy, and literature. They can effortlessly parse and produce dense, academic sentences like 'نظام حقوقی این کشور بر پایه اصول دموکراتیک و حقوق بشر بنا شده است' (The legal system of this country is built based on democratic principles and human rights). At this level, learners fully appreciate the etymological roots of the words and can play with the language, perhaps using 'پایه' in its literal sense as a metaphor within a broader abstract argument. They are also adept at recognizing and using the highly formal synonym 'مبنی بر' in bureaucratic or legal contexts. C1 learners do not just use 'بر پایه' to state facts; they use it to critically analyze the foundations of other people's arguments, questioning the validity of the 'base' itself. Their mastery of the phrase demonstrates a deep understanding of Persian syntax, pragmatics, and the cultural nuances of formal discourse.

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At the C2 level, the learner's proficiency is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. The phrase 'بر پایه' is utilized with absolute mastery, blending seamlessly into complex, elegant, and highly nuanced discourse. C2 learners employ this phrase in high-level academic publishing, literary critique, and sophisticated diplomatic or professional negotiations. They can manipulate the phrase for rhetorical effect, placing it at different points in a sentence to shift emphasis subtly. They are capable of coining new compound terms using 'بر پایه' to describe emerging global concepts or technologies, just as a native academic would. At this pinnacle of language learning, the focus is on the aesthetic and rhythmic flow of the sentence. A C2 speaker knows exactly when 'بر پایه' sounds more poetic or structurally sound than 'بر اساس' within a specific paragraph. They understand the historical weight of the classical preposition 'بر' and use it to lend authority and gravity to their statements. For a C2 learner, 'بر پایه' is a fundamental building block of eloquent, persuasive, and intellectually rigorous Persian expression.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

بر پایه 30초 만에

Means 'based on' or 'on the basis of'.
Used to show the foundation or reason for something.
Requires the Ezafe vowel (bar pāye-ye) to connect to a noun.
Common in news, science, and formal discussions.

The Persian phrase 'بر پایه' (pronounced 'bar pāye') is a highly versatile and frequently used compound prepositional phrase that translates directly to 'based on', 'on the basis of', or 'founded upon' in English. To truly understand the depth and application of this phrase, it is essential to break down its constituent parts and analyze how they function together to create meaning in various contexts. The word 'بر' (bar) is a classical and formal preposition meaning 'on', 'upon', or 'over'. The word 'پایه' (pāye) is a noun that means 'base', 'foundation', 'pillar', or 'footing'. When combined, they form a conceptual framework indicating that one thing is supported by, derived from, or structurally dependent on another. This dependency can be physical, such as a building resting on its foundation, but in modern Persian, it is overwhelmingly used in an abstract, figurative sense. For instance, an argument might be 'based on' facts, a movie 'based on' a true story, or a scientific theory 'based on' empirical evidence. Understanding this phrase is crucial for intermediate learners because it bridges the gap between simple, everyday vocabulary and the more sophisticated, academic, or journalistic language required for higher-level fluency.

Literal Meaning: Literally, the phrase translates to 'upon the foundation' or 'on the base'. In architectural or structural contexts, it can refer to the physical support of an object, though this is less common in everyday speech compared to its abstract usage.

این ساختمان بر پایه های بتنی ساخته شده است.

This building is constructed on concrete foundations.

Moving beyond the literal interpretation, the figurative use of 'بر پایه' is ubiquitous in Persian media, literature, and formal conversations. It serves as a logical connector that justifies a statement, explains the origin of a creative work, or outlines the methodology of a study. For example, when discussing literature or cinema, you will frequently encounter this phrase to indicate adaptations. If a film is an adaptation of a novel, the film is said to be made 'bar pāye' that novel. This usage highlights the foundational role the original text plays in the creation of the new medium. Furthermore, in legal and administrative contexts, decisions, rules, and regulations are often described as being formulated 'bar pāye' specific laws or constitutional articles. This lends an air of authority and legitimacy to the action, demonstrating that it is not arbitrary but rooted in established principles.

Figurative Usage: The figurative usage implies a logical, conceptual, or inspirational dependency. It is the equivalent of saying that concept A exists or is valid because of the pre-existing foundation of concept B.

این فیلم بر پایه یک داستان واقعی است.

This movie is based on a true story.

تصمیمات ما بر پایه اطلاعات دقیق گرفته می‌شود.

Our decisions are made based on accurate information.

In academic and scientific discourse, 'بر پایه' is indispensable. Researchers use it to establish the theoretical framework of their studies. A hypothesis might be developed 'bar pāye' previous findings, or a new technology might be designed 'bar pāye' quantum mechanics. In these scenarios, the phrase emphasizes the cumulative nature of knowledge and the reliance on established facts to push boundaries further. It is also worth noting the grammatical structure that follows this phrase. Because 'بر پایه' acts as a prepositional phrase, it requires the Ezafe vowel (the short 'e' sound) to connect it to the following noun. Thus, it is pronounced 'bar pāye-ye', where the final 'ye' is the Ezafe linking the 'base' to the specific thing that serves as the base. This phonetic linking is a hallmark of fluent Persian speech and is essential for sounding natural.

Grammatical Structure: The phrase inherently requires the Ezafe connector when followed by a noun. It is written as 'بر پایه' but pronounced as 'bar pāye-ye' to link it grammatically to the object of the preposition.

این نظریه بر پایه مشاهدات علمی استوار است.

This theory is established based on scientific observations.

اقتصاد کشور بر پایه صادرات نفت می‌چرخد.

The country's economy runs based on oil exports.

Mastering the usage of 'بر پایه' involves understanding its syntactic placement within a Persian sentence and recognizing the types of verbs and nouns it commonly pairs with. Syntactically, 'بر پایه' functions as an adverbial phrase of reason or foundation. In a standard Persian sentence, which follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) order, this phrase typically appears after the subject and before the main verb, often adjacent to the object it modifies or explains. For example, in the sentence 'ما برنامه‌ریزی خود را بر پایه این داده‌ها انجام دادیم' (We did our planning based on these data), the phrase 'بر پایه این داده‌ها' clearly explains the foundation of the planning. It is highly flexible and can be moved to the beginning of a sentence for emphasis, as in 'بر پایه این داده‌ها، ما برنامه‌ریزی کردیم' (Based on these data, we planned). This flexibility allows speakers and writers to control the flow of information and highlight the most critical aspect of their message, which is a key skill for B1 and B2 level learners to develop.

Sentence Placement: The phrase can be placed in the middle of the sentence for standard flow or at the beginning to strongly emphasize the foundation or reason before introducing the main action or conclusion.

ما بر پایه توافق قبلی عمل می‌کنیم.

We are acting based on the previous agreement.

In terms of verb collocations, 'بر پایه' frequently partners with verbs related to creation, decision-making, establishment, and evaluation. Common verbs include 'ساختن' (to build/make), 'نوشتن' (to write), 'تصمیم گرفتن' (to decide), 'استوار بودن' (to be established/firm), and 'ارزیابی کردن' (to evaluate). When you say a system is established based on justice, you would use 'استوار است' (is established) in conjunction with 'بر پایه عدالت' (based on justice). This pairing of specific verbs with 'بر پایه' creates strong, idiomatic collocations that native speakers use instinctively. For learners, memorizing these chunks rather than isolated words accelerates fluency. Furthermore, the noun that follows 'بر پایه' is typically an abstract concept (like truth, justice, data, research) or a concrete source of information (like a book, a report, a true story). It is rarely used with physical objects unless discussing literal architecture, as mentioned in the previous section.

Common Verbs: Verbs like استوار بودن (to be established), ساخته شدن (to be built), and شکل گرفتن (to take shape) are the most natural partners for this phrase in formal and semi-formal Persian.

روابط ما بر پایه اعتماد متقابل استوار است.

Our relationship is established based on mutual trust.

این رمان بر پایه تجربیات نویسنده نوشته شده است.

This novel is written based on the author's experiences.

Another important aspect of using 'بر پایه' is its role in forming complex adjectives or descriptive phrases. Sometimes, it is combined with a noun to create an adjectival phrase that describes another noun. For instance, 'آموزش بر پایه بازی' translates to 'play-based learning'. In this structure, 'بر پایه' links the core concept (learning) to its methodological foundation (play). This is extremely common in modern educational, technological, and business jargon in Iran. You will see terms like 'اقتصاد بر پایه دانش' (knowledge-based economy) or 'مدیریت بر پایه عملکرد' (performance-based management). These constructions are highly productive in contemporary Persian, allowing speakers to easily translate modern global concepts into the language. Understanding this pattern enables learners to decode a vast array of technical and professional vocabulary effortlessly.

Compound Formations: Used extensively to translate English hyphenated adjectives ending in '-based', such as 'evidence-based' (بر پایه شواهد) or 'cloud-based' (بر پایه فضای ابری).

شرکت‌های بر پایه فناوری رشد سریعی دارند.

Technology-based companies have rapid growth.

ما به یک سیستم ارزیابی بر پایه شواهد نیاز داریم.

We need an evidence-based evaluation system.

The phrase 'بر پایه' is ubiquitous across a wide spectrum of Persian contexts, ranging from formal news broadcasts to everyday intellectual discussions. One of the most common places you will encounter this phrase is in journalism and news media. News anchors and reporters frequently use it to cite sources, explain the rationale behind government policies, or describe the findings of recent reports. For example, a news segment might state that a new economic policy was implemented 'bar pāye' the recommendations of financial experts. In this context, the phrase serves to attribute actions to their underlying justifications, providing clarity and depth to the reporting. It is a staple of journalistic prose because it efficiently connects events to their causes or foundational data. If you regularly read Persian newspapers like Hamshahri or listen to BBC Persian, you will see and hear this phrase daily, making it an essential vocabulary item for media literacy.

News and Journalism: Used to cite sources, explain policy foundations, and report on data-driven events, adding a layer of formal attribution to journalistic writing.

بر پایه گزارش‌های منتشر شده، تورم کاهش یافته است.

Based on published reports, inflation has decreased.

Another prominent domain where 'بر پایه' is heavily utilized is in academia, science, and education. In university lectures, research papers, and textbooks, establishing the foundation of a theory or methodology is paramount. Professors and researchers use this phrase to demonstrate that their work is not speculative but is built upon existing, verifiable knowledge. You will hear it in phrases like 'بر پایه تحقیقات پیشین' (based on previous research) or 'بر پایه اصول فیزیک' (based on the principles of physics). Furthermore, in the realm of arts and entertainment, particularly cinema and literature, the phrase is the standard way to denote adaptations. Movie trailers and book blurbs constantly use it to inform the audience about the origin of the story. 'Based on a true story' (بر پایه یک داستان واقعی) is perhaps one of the most universally recognized applications of this phrase among the general public, bridging the gap between formal vocabulary and popular culture.

Academia and Science: Essential for discussing theoretical frameworks, methodologies, and the reliance on empirical data or previous scholarly work.

این آزمایش بر پایه روش‌های استاندارد انجام شد.

This experiment was conducted based on standard methods.

سریال جدید بر پایه یک رمان معروف ساخته شده است.

The new series is made based on a famous novel.

Finally, you will hear 'بر پایه' in professional and corporate environments. During meetings, presentations, and strategic planning sessions, professionals use this phrase to justify business decisions, marketing strategies, and financial forecasts. A manager might explain that a new product launch is scheduled 'bar pāye' market research, or that employee bonuses are calculated 'bar pāye' performance metrics. In these settings, the phrase conveys a sense of logic, objectivity, and data-driven decision-making. It is a marker of professional communication. Even in everyday, semi-formal conversations among friends discussing politics, sports, or societal issues, people will use 'بر پایه' to back up their opinions with facts or observations. It elevates the discourse from mere opinion to reasoned argument. Therefore, whether you are watching a movie, reading a scientific journal, or attending a business meeting in Iran, 'بر پایه' is a phrase you are guaranteed to encounter.

Corporate and Professional: Utilized to justify business strategies, explain metrics, and demonstrate that corporate decisions are rooted in data and objective analysis.

حقوق کارمندان بر پایه سابقه کار تعیین می‌شود.

Employees' salaries are determined based on work experience.

استراتژی فروش ما بر پایه نیازهای مشتری است.

Our sales strategy is based on customer needs.

While 'بر پایه' is a relatively straightforward phrase to translate into English, learners often stumble over its grammatical integration and nuanced application in Persian. One of the most frequent and glaring mistakes is the omission of the Ezafe vowel. Because 'بر پایه' is a prepositional phrase that must connect to a noun, it requires the short 'e' sound (written as an invisible vowel or sometimes with a 'ye' in transliteration) to link it to the following word. Many beginners say 'bar pāye dāstān' instead of the correct 'bar pāye-ye dāstān' (based on the story). This omission makes the speech sound disjointed and immediately marks the speaker as a novice. The Ezafe is the glue of Persian grammar, and forgetting it here severs the foundational link that the phrase is meant to establish. Practicing the pronunciation as a single, fluid chunk—'bar-pā-ye-ye'—is crucial for overcoming this common phonetic hurdle.

Missing the Ezafe: Failing to pronounce the linking vowel 'e' (ye) between 'پایه' and the noun that follows it. This breaks the grammatical connection.

Incorrect: فیلم بر پایه کتاب است. (bar pāye ketāb)

Correct: فیلم بر پایه‌ی کتاب است. (bar pāye-ye ketāb)

Another common error involves confusing 'بر پایه' with prepositions of location or physical placement when speaking figuratively. English speakers might try to directly translate 'on top of' or 'underneath' into abstract contexts where 'بر پایه' is required. For example, saying 'این قانون روی پایه عدالت است' (This law is on the base of justice) using the word 'روی' (on/surface) instead of 'بر' is incorrect and sounds highly unnatural. 'بر' is a more formal, classical preposition that carries the weight of abstract foundation, whereas 'روی' is strictly for physical surfaces. Mixing these up demonstrates a lack of understanding of the register and figurative nature of the phrase. Furthermore, learners sometimes use 'بر پایه' when they actually mean 'according to' (طبق). While there is overlap, 'بر پایه' implies a structural foundation, whereas 'طبق' implies adherence to a rule or statement. You build a theory 'بر پایه' facts, but you act 'طبق' the law.

Confusing with 'روی': Using the physical preposition 'روی' (on) instead of the formal/abstract 'بر' when trying to express the concept of 'based on'.

Incorrect: تصمیم من روی پایه منطق است.

Correct: تصمیم من بر پایه منطق است.

Incorrect: ما روی پایه این اطلاعات عمل کردیم.

Correct: ما بر پایه این اطلاعات عمل کردیم.

Lastly, a subtle but persistent mistake is overusing 'بر پایه' in highly informal, colloquial conversations where a simpler phrase would be more appropriate. While 'بر پایه' is not exclusively formal, it does carry a slightly elevated, educated tone. If you are chatting with friends about why you chose a particular restaurant, saying 'من این رستوران را بر پایه نظرات اینترنت انتخاب کردم' (I chose this restaurant based on internet reviews) sounds a bit stiff. A native speaker would more likely say 'از روی نظرات' (from the reviews) or 'به خاطر نظرات' (because of the reviews). Overusing formal vocabulary in casual settings can make your Persian sound textbook-like and unnatural. It is important to gauge the register of the conversation. Save 'بر پایه' for discussions about news, science, professional matters, or when you want to make a deliberate, reasoned point, and use simpler alternatives for mundane, everyday choices.

Register Mismatch: Using this slightly formal phrase in highly casual, everyday situations where simpler prepositions like 'از روی' or 'به خاطر' would sound much more natural.

Unnatural: من لباسم را بر پایه رنگ کفشم خریدم.

Better: من لباسم را به خاطر رنگ کفشم خریدم. (I bought my clothes because of my shoes' color.)

Unnatural: ما بر پایه حرف تو رفتیم آنجا.

Better: ما با حرف تو رفتیم آنجا. (We went there based on your word.)

The Persian language is rich in synonyms and nuanced expressions that convey the idea of foundation, reliance, or accordance. The most direct and interchangeable synonym for 'بر پایه' is 'بر اساس' (bar asās). Both phrases mean 'based on' or 'on the basis of' and are used in almost identical contexts, from formal news reports to academic writing. 'اساس' (asās) is an Arabic loanword meaning foundation or basis, making 'بر اساس' slightly more common in formal, administrative, or legal texts due to the historical prestige of Arabic vocabulary in those domains. However, in modern usage, the choice between 'بر پایه' (which uses a Persian root) and 'بر اساس' is largely a matter of stylistic preference and avoiding repetition. If you write a paragraph and have already used 'بر پایه', switching to 'بر اساس' in the next sentence demonstrates a strong command of vocabulary and improves the flow of your writing.

بر اساس (bar asās): The most direct synonym, meaning 'on the basis of'. It uses an Arabic root word and is highly prevalent in formal, legal, and journalistic contexts. It is perfectly interchangeable with 'بر پایه'.

این تصمیم بر اساس قوانین جدید گرفته شده است.

This decision has been made based on the new laws.

Another closely related term is 'طبق' (tebq-e), which translates to 'according to' or 'in accordance with'. While it shares conceptual space with 'بر پایه', its application is slightly different. 'طبق' is used when referring to strict adherence to a rule, a law, a statement, or a specific document. You act 'طبق' (according to) the law, but a theory is built 'بر پایه' (based on) evidence. 'طبق' implies conformity to an external standard, whereas 'بر پایه' implies a structural or logical foundation. For instance, 'طبق گفته‌های او' means 'according to his statements', focusing on the source of the information. If you said 'بر پایه گفته‌های او', it would mean 'based on his statements', implying that you built an argument or made a decision using his words as the foundation. The distinction is subtle but important for achieving native-like precision in your speech.

طبق (tebq-e): Means 'according to'. It is used more for adherence to rules, laws, or statements rather than structural or logical foundations. It implies conformity rather than building upon.

ما باید طبق دستورالعمل رفتار کنیم.

We must behave according to the instructions.

طبق پیش‌بینی هواشناسی، فردا باران می‌بارد.

According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.

A more formal and somewhat literary alternative is 'مبنی بر' (mabni bar). This phrase is highly academic and bureaucratic, translating to 'based upon' or 'indicative of'. It is often used to describe the content or the underlying premise of a document, a report, or a statement. For example, 'گزارشی مبنی بر فساد مالی' translates to 'a report based on/indicating financial corruption'. It is less about the physical or logical foundation (like 'بر پایه') and more about the thematic core or the premise of a piece of information. You would rarely use 'مبنی بر' in everyday conversation, but it is crucial for reading advanced texts, legal documents, or high-level political news. Understanding the spectrum of these synonyms—from the everyday 'از روی' to the standard 'بر پایه' and 'بر اساس', to the formal 'طبق', and finally the highly formal 'مبنی بر'—gives learners the tools to navigate any social or professional register in Persian with confidence and accuracy.

مبنی بر (mabni bar): A highly formal, bureaucratic term meaning 'based upon' or 'indicating'. Used mostly in written texts to describe the premise or core subject of a document or statement.

نامه‌ای مبنی بر استعفای او منتشر شد.

A letter based on/indicating his resignation was published.

شواهدی مبنی بر دخالت آن‌ها وجود ندارد.

There is no evidence indicating/based on their involvement.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

The Ezafe Construction: Linking nouns and prepositions.

Prepositional Phrases as Adverbials: Modifying verbs and entire sentences.

Word Order in Persian: Placement of adverbial phrases in SOV structures.

Compound Prepositions: Forming prepositions from a simple preposition + noun.

Passive Voice: Often used with 'بر پایه' (e.g., ساخته شده است - is made).

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수준별 예문

این فیلم بر پایه یک داستان است.

This movie is based on a story.

Simple sentence structure. 'بر پایه' links the movie to the story.

کتاب بر پایه واقعیت است.

The book is based on reality.

Using 'بر پایه' with a simple abstract noun (reality).

کار من بر پایه اینترنت است.

My work is based on the internet.

Connecting a job to its foundational tool.

این کلاس بر پایه مکالمه است.

This class is based on conversation.

Describing the method of a class.

بازی بر پایه شانس است.

The game is based on luck.

Using 'بر پایه' to explain how a game works.

غذا بر پایه برنج است.

The food is based on rice.

Describing the main ingredient of a dish.

قانون بر پایه نظم است.

The law is based on order.

Linking law to the concept of order.

دوستی بر پایه عشق است.

Friendship is based on love.

Expressing a simple abstract concept.

این داستان بر پایه زندگی یک مرد بزرگ نوشته شده است.

This story is written based on the life of a great man.

Combined with the passive verb 'نوشته شده است' (is written).

ما تصمیم خود را بر پایه این اطلاعات گرفتیم.

We made our decision based on this information.

Used with the verb 'تصمیم گرفتن' (to decide).

برنامه سفر ما بر پایه آب و هوا تغییر می‌کند.

Our travel plan changes based on the weather.

Showing dependency on external factors.

این نرم‌افزار بر پایه سیستم جدید کار می‌کند.

This software works based on the new system.

Explaining technical functionality.

رابطه آن‌ها بر پایه احترام متقابل است.

Their relationship is based on mutual respect.

Using an adjective (متقابل) after the foundational noun.

این دارو بر پایه گیاهان طبیعی ساخته شده است.

This medicine is made based on natural plants.

Explaining the composition of a product.

نمرات دانش‌آموزان بر پایه امتحان آخر سال است.

Students' grades are based on the final year exam.

Explaining an evaluation system.

این شرکت بر پایه کار گروهی موفق شد.

This company succeeded based on teamwork.

Linking success to a foundational method.

اقتصاد این کشور عمدتاً بر پایه صادرات نفت و گاز استوار است.

The economy of this country is mainly established based on oil and gas exports.

Using 'استوار است' for a more formal, established foundation.

بر پایه گزارش‌های اخیر، میزان بیکاری در حال کاهش است.

Based on recent reports, the unemployment rate is decreasing.

Starting the sentence with 'بر پایه' to cite a source.

روش تدریس او بر پایه مشارکت فعال دانش‌آموزان طراحی شده است.

His teaching method is designed based on the active participation of students.

Using 'طراحی شده است' (is designed) with a complex noun phrase.

ما باید استراتژی بازاریابی خود را بر پایه نیازهای مشتریان تغییر دهیم.

We must change our marketing strategy based on the customers' needs.

Using the phrase to justify a necessary action.

این نظریه علمی بر پایه سال‌ها تحقیق و آزمایش بنا شده است.

This scientific theory is built based on years of research and experimentation.

Using 'بنا شده است' (is built) for theoretical foundations.

حقوق کارمندان در این اداره بر پایه سابقه کار و مهارت محاسبه می‌شود.

Employees' salaries in this office are calculated based on work experience and skill.

Explaining a systematic calculation process.

قضاوت کردن دیگران بر پایه ظاهر، کار درستی نیست.

Judging others based on appearance is not a right thing to do.

Using the phrase in a moral or philosophical statement.

این توافق‌نامه بر پایه منافع مشترک هر دو کشور امضا شد.

This agreement was signed based on the mutual interests of both countries.

Describing the foundation of a formal agreement.

تحلیل‌های ارائه شده در این مقاله، کاملاً بر پایه داده‌های آماری دقیق استوار هستند.

The analyses presented in this article are entirely established based on precise statistical data.

Modifying 'بر پایه' with 'کاملاً' (entirely) for emphasis.

توسعه پایدار شهری باید بر پایه حفظ محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی برنامه‌ریزی شود.

Sustainable urban development must be planned based on the preservation of the environment and natural resources.

Using the phrase in a complex, academic sentence structure.

بر پایه مفاد این قرارداد، هیچ یک از طرفین حق فسخ یک‌جانبه را ندارند.

Based on the provisions of this contract, neither party has the right to unilateral termination.

Using 'مفاد' (provisions) in a formal legal context.

سیستم آموزشی نوین، ارزیابی دانش‌آموزان را بر پایه مهارت‌های عملی قرار داده است.

The modern educational system has placed the evaluation of students based on practical skills.

Using 'قرار داده است' (has placed) to show a shift in foundation.

ادعاهای مطرح شده توسط وکیل مدافع، بر پایه شواهد مستدل و غیرقابل انکار بود.

The claims raised by the defense attorney were based on reasoned and undeniable evidence.

Combining with strong, formal adjectives (مستدل و غیرقابل انکار).

سیاست خارجی این دولت بر پایه تعامل سازنده با کشورهای همسایه تدوین شده است.

The foreign policy of this government has been formulated based on constructive interaction with neighboring countries.

Using 'تدوین شده است' (has been formulated) for policy-making.

موفقیت استارتاپ‌ها اغلب بر پایه توانایی آن‌ها در حل مشکلات واقعی جامعه است.

The success of startups is often based on their ability to solve real problems of society.

Linking abstract success to a specific capability.

این رمان تاریخی، بر پایه اسناد به جا مانده از دوران قاجار به رشته تحریر درآمده است.

This historical novel has been written based on documents left from the Qajar era.

Using the highly literary phrase 'به رشته تحریر درآمده است' (has been written).

نظام معرفت‌شناسی کانت، بر پایه تمایز میان پدیدار و نومن استوار گردیده است.

Kant's epistemological system is established based on the distinction between phenomenon and noumenon.

Using 'استوار گردیده است' (has been established) in a highly academic, philosophical context.

بر پایه اصول بنیادین حقوق بین‌الملل، حاکمیت ملی دولت‌ها غیرقابل تعرض است.

Based on the fundamental principles of international law, the national sovereignty of states is inviolable.

Starting a complex legal premise with 'بر پایه اصول بنیادین'.

رویکرد درمانی این کلینیک، بر پایه پارادایم‌های نوین روان‌شناسی شناختی-رفتاری پایه‌ریزی شده است.

The therapeutic approach of this clinic has been founded based on the modern paradigms of cognitive-behavioral psychology.

Using 'پایه‌ریزی شده است' (has been founded) to emphasize the structural basis.

انتقادات وارد بر این طرح اقتصادی، عمدتاً بر پایه نادیده گرفتن تورم ساختاری مطرح می‌شوند.

The criticisms leveled against this economic plan are mainly raised based on the ignoring of structural inflation.

Using 'بر پایه' to explain the foundation of a critique.

معماری این بنای تاریخی، بر پایه تناسبات هندسی پیچیده و نمادگرایی عرفانی شکل گرفته است.

The architecture of this historical monument has taken shape based on complex geometric proportions and mystical symbolism.

Describing aesthetic and structural foundations.

بر پایه تجربیات زیسته جوامع در حال گذار، دموکراسی نیازمند نهادینه‌سازی فرهنگی است.

Based on the lived experiences of transitional societies, democracy requires cultural institutionalization.

Using sociological terminology ('تجربیات زیسته' - lived experiences).

استنتاجات این پژوهش، بر پایه یک مدل‌سازی ریاضی پیشرفته و شبیه‌سازی‌های کامپیوتری استخراج شده‌اند.

The deductions of this research have been extracted based on advanced mathematical modeling and computer simulations.

Using 'استخراج شده‌اند' (have been extracted) in a scientific context.

متن این قطعنامه، بر پایه توافقات ضمنی حاصل شده در مذاکرات پشت درهای بسته تنظیم گردید.

The text of this resolution was drafted based on the implicit agreements reached in closed-door negotiations.

Using 'تنظیم گردید' (was drafted/arranged) for official documents.

شالوده فکری این مکتب ادبی، بر پایه نفی مطلق‌گرایی و پذیرش تکثر معنایی استوار گشته است.

The intellectual foundation of this literary school has been established based on the negation of absolutism and the acceptance of semantic plurality.

Combining 'شالوده' (foundation) with 'بر پایه' for rhetorical emphasis.

بر پایه خوانشی واسازانه از این متن کلاسیک، می‌توان لایه‌های پنهان ایدئولوژیک آن را آشکار ساخت.

Based on a deconstructive reading of this classic text, one can reveal its hidden ideological layers.

Using advanced literary theory terminology ('خوانش واسازانه' - deconstructive reading).

سیاست‌گذاری‌های کلان توسعه، چنانچه بر پایه آمایش سرزمین و ظرفیت‌های بوم‌شناختی استوار نباشند، محکوم به شکست‌اند.

Macro-development policies, if not established based on spatial planning and ecological capacities, are doomed to fail.

Using conditional structures with highly specialized vocabulary.

هستی‌شناسی او بر پایه این پیش‌فرض استوار است که وجود، مقدم بر ماهیت است.

His ontology is established based on the premise that existence precedes essence.

Expressing complex existential philosophy.

بر پایه موازین فقهی و حقوق موضوعه، مسئولیت مدنی ناشی از این فعل زیان‌بار، متوجه شخص حقوقی است.

Based on jurisprudential standards and positive law, the civil liability arising from this harmful act rests with the legal entity.

Using dense legal and jurisprudential jargon.

این سمفونی، بر پایه موتیف‌های موسیقی فولکلوریک منطقه، اما با هارمونی‌های مدرن، تصنیف شده است.

This symphony has been composed based on the folkloric musical motifs of the region, but with modern harmonies.

Using 'تصنیف شده است' (has been composed) in a musicology context.

تحولات ژئوپلیتیک اخیر خاورمیانه را نمی‌توان صرفاً بر پایه تئوری‌های واقع‌گرایی تهاجمی تبیین کرد.

The recent geopolitical developments in the Middle East cannot be explained solely based on theories of offensive realism.

Using 'تبیین کرد' (explained/elucidated) in political science discourse.

بر پایه دیالکتیک تاریخی هگل، هر تز در درون خود آنتی‌تزی را می‌پروراند که نهایتاً به سنتز می‌انجامد.

Based on Hegel's historical dialectic, every thesis nurtures an antithesis within itself that ultimately leads to a synthesis.

Discussing complex historical and philosophical frameworks.

동의어

بر اساس طبق مبنی بر با توجه به از روی به استناد در پی به موجب

반의어

بدون در نظر گرفتن مستقل از فارغ از بدون توجه به

자주 쓰는 조합

بر پایه اطلاعات

بر پایه آمار

بر پایه واقعیت

بر پایه قانون

بر پایه توافق

استوار بر پایه

ساخته شده بر پایه

تصمیم‌گیری بر پایه

ارزیابی بر پایه

برنامه ریزی بر پایه

자주 쓰는 구문

بر پایه یک داستان واقعی

بر پایه گزارش‌های منتشر شده

بر پایه شواهد موجود

بر پایه اصول علمی

بر پایه تجربیات گذشته

اقتصاد بر پایه دانش

آموزش بر پایه بازی

مدیریت بر پایه عملکرد

بر پایه حدس و گمان

بر پایه سنت‌های قدیمی

자주 혼동되는 단어

بر پایه vs روی (on/surface) - 'روی' is for physical placement, 'بر پایه' is for abstract foundation.

بر پایه vs طبق (according to) - 'طبق' is for adherence to rules/statements, 'بر پایه' is for structural/logical foundation.

بر پایه vs به جای (instead of) - Completely different meaning, but learners sometimes confuse compound prepositions.

관용어 및 표현

"پایه و اساس (Foundation and basis)"

"از پایه ویران بودن (To be ruined from the foundation)"

"پایه‌گذاری کردن (To lay the foundation)"

"بی‌پایه و اساس (Baseless/unfounded)"

"پایه کسی بودن (To be someone's partner in crime/fun)"

"پایه بودن (To be down for something - slang)"

"هم‌پایه (Of equal rank/status)"

"پایه حقوق (Base salary)"

"پایه تحصیلی (Educational grade/level)"

"بلندپایه (High-ranking)"

혼동하기 쉬운

بر پایه vs

문장 패턴

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

사용법

nuances

Implies a strong, logical, or structural dependency. It is more objective than saying 'because of' (به خاطر).

Semi-formal to formal. Highly common in written Persian and educated speech.

colloquial alternatives

In very informal settings, 'از روی' (from/based on) or 'به خاطر' (because of) might be used instead, depending on the exact context.

자주 하는 실수

Omitting the Ezafe vowel and saying 'bar pāye dāstān' instead of 'bar pāye-ye dāstān'.
Using the physical preposition 'روی' (on) instead of 'بر', resulting in the incorrect phrase 'روی پایه'.
Using 'بر پایه' in highly informal, casual situations where 'از روی' or 'به خاطر' would be more natural.
Confusing 'بر پایه' (based on) with 'به جای' (instead of) due to similar compound structures.
Forgetting that 'بر پایه' is usually followed by a noun, and incorrectly trying to follow it directly with a verb.

팁

Don't Forget the Ezafe

The most important grammatical rule for 'بر پایه' is the Ezafe. Always pronounce it as 'bar pāye-ye' when connecting it to the noun that follows. Without it, your sentence will sound broken to a native speaker.

Mix It Up with Synonyms

To sound more fluent and advanced, especially in writing, alternate between 'بر پایه' and 'بر اساس'. Using the same phrase repeatedly in an essay can make your writing feel repetitive.

Chunking for Fluency

When speaking, treat 'بر پایه' and the noun that follows it as a single 'chunk' of information. Don't pause in the middle of the phrase. Say 'bar-pāye-ye-dāstān' smoothly.

Listen to the News

Persian news broadcasts are the best place to hear 'بر پایه' in action. Tune into BBC Persian or Iran International and listen for how anchors use it to cite their sources or explain government policies.

Punctuation Matters

If you choose to start your sentence with 'بر پایه' to emphasize the foundation of your statement, remember to place a comma after the noun phrase before continuing with the main subject and verb.

The Movie Context

If you want a quick way to remember this phrase, just think of movie trailers. 'بر پایه یک داستان واقعی' (Based on a true story) is one of the most common and memorable uses of this phrase.

Avoid 'روی' for Abstract Concepts

English speakers often try to translate 'on the base of' literally by using 'روی' (on). Never say 'روی پایه' for abstract concepts like decisions or theories. Always use 'بر'.

Learn Verb Pairs

Don't just learn the phrase; learn the verbs that go with it. Memorize collocations like 'استوار است' (is established) or 'بنا شده است' (is built) to instantly sound more native.

Know Your Audience

Remember that 'بر پایه' has a slightly formal, educated tone. It's perfect for the office, the classroom, or discussing serious topics, but might be overkill when chatting with close friends about trivial things.

The Slang Meaning of 'پایه'

While 'بر پایه' is formal, the word 'پایه' alone is great slang. If a friend asks if you want to go to the cinema, you can say 'من پایه‌ام' (I'm down/I'm the base for it). It's a fun bonus meaning to know!

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a BAR (بر) resting on a PIE (پایه). The bar is 'based on' the pie. 'Bar-pie' sounds like 'Bar pāye'.

어원

Persian

문화적 맥락

Using 'بر پایه' instead of simpler prepositions like 'از روی' signals that the speaker is making a reasoned, objective statement rather than expressing a subjective opinion.

Semi-formal to Formal. Suitable for news, academia, and professional settings. Can be used in everyday speech but sounds slightly educated.

Understood universally across all Persian-speaking regions (Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan). In Tajik Persian, it might be pronounced slightly differently due to accent variations, but the usage remains identical.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"آیا می‌دانستید این فیلم بر پایه یک داستان واقعی است؟ (Did you know this movie is based on a true story?)"

"تصمیم شما برای مهاجرت بر پایه چه دلایلی بود؟ (What reasons was your decision to immigrate based on?)"

"به نظر شما، یک رابطه سالم باید بر پایه چه چیزهایی باشد؟ (In your opinion, what things should a healthy relationship be based on?)"

"آیا اخبار امروز را بر پایه گزارش‌های رسمی شنیدید؟ (Did you hear today's news based on official reports?)"

"اقتصاد کشور ما بیشتر بر پایه چه چیزی است؟ (What is our country's economy mostly based on?)"

일기 주제

Describe a major decision you made recently and explain what facts or feelings it was 'based on' (بر پایه).

Write a short review of a movie that is 'based on' a book or a true story.

In your opinion, what should a successful society be 'based on'? Use 'بر پایه' in your argument.

Explain how your daily routine is structured. Is it 'based on' your work schedule, your family, or something else?

Write about a scientific fact or theory that you find interesting, explaining what evidence it is 'based on'.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, almost always. Because 'بر پایه' is a prepositional phrase that connects to a noun (the thing serving as the base), grammatical rules require the Ezafe vowel to link them. You say 'bar pāye-ye dāstān' (based on the story). The only time you wouldn't use it is if the phrase appears at the absolute end of a sentence, which is extremely rare and usually poetic.

Yes, but it is less common in everyday speech. You can say a building is built 'بر پایه های محکم' (on strong foundations). However, for simple physical placement like a book on a table, you must use 'روی' (ruy-e). 'بر پایه' is overwhelmingly used for abstract concepts like theories, decisions, and stories.

In modern Persian, there is practically no difference in meaning or usage. They are perfect synonyms. 'بر اساس' uses an Arabic root word (اساس), while 'بر پایه' uses a Persian root (پایه). You can use them interchangeably to add variety to your writing and speaking.

It depends on the topic. If you are discussing a movie ('It's based on a true story'), it is perfectly normal to use 'بر پایه'. However, if you are talking about why you bought a specific shirt, saying 'I bought it based on its color' using 'بر پایه' sounds too formal. In casual contexts, simpler phrases are better.

You can use 'بر پایه' to form this adjective: 'بر پایه دانش' (bar pāye-ye dānesh). However, there is also a very common, specific compound word for this in modern Persian: 'دانش‌بنیان' (dānesh-bonyān), which is frequently used for tech companies and startups.

Absolutely. Starting a sentence with 'بر پایه' is a great way to emphasize the reason or source before stating the main point. For example: 'بر پایه گزارش‌ها، اقتصاد در حال رشد است' (Based on reports, the economy is growing). Always use a comma after the introductory phrase.

Verbs related to creation, decision, and establishment work best. Common examples include ساخته شدن (to be made/built), نوشته شدن (to be written), استوار بودن (to be established), تصمیم گرفتن (to decide), and ارزیابی کردن (to evaluate).

Yes. 'پایه' on its own can mean the leg of a piece of furniture (پایه میز - table leg), an educational grade (پایه دهم - tenth grade), or even a slang term meaning someone who is 'down' or willing to join an activity (من پایه‌ام - I'm down/in).

Since 'پایه' ends in a silent 'ه' (which produces an 'e' sound), the Ezafe is pronounced as a 'ye' sound. So, it is pronounced 'bar pā-ye-ye'. In writing, it is often just written as 'بر پایه' without an explicit 'ی', though sometimes you will see it written as 'بر پایه‌ی'.

While they are similar, 'طبق' (tebq-e) is the exact translation for 'according to'. You use 'طبق' for rules, laws, or quotes. You use 'بر پایه' when something is structurally or logically built upon something else. However, in loose translations, they sometimes overlap.

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