이 페이지를 내 언어로
English فارسی العربية Deutsch Español Français 日本語 Português 中文 हिन्दी
A1 noun #2,500 가장 일반적인 7분 분량

دستشویی

dastshuyi
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'dastshuyi' means 'toilet' or 'restroom'. You should be able to ask where it is: 'Dastshuyi kojāst?' (Where is the restroom?). This is a survival word. You don't need to worry about the complex etymology or formal synonyms yet. Just focus on the basic pronunciation and the fact that it is a polite, standard word. You should also recognize it on signs in simple fonts. At this stage, 'Dastshuyi dāram' (I need the restroom) is a key phrase to memorize. It is one of the first nouns you learn because of its high utility in daily life. You might also learn 'dast' (hand) and 'shostan' (to wash) separately, which helps you remember this compound word.
At the A2 level, you start to use 'dastshuyi' in slightly more complex sentences. You can describe where it is located: 'Dastshuyi samte rāst ast' (The restroom is on the right). You also begin to distinguish between 'dastshuyi' and 'hammām' (bathroom/shower). You can use simple adjectives like 'tamiz' (clean) or 'kasif' (dirty) to describe the facility. You might also learn the word 'omūmī' (public) to ask for a public restroom. At this level, you are expected to understand the difference between the 'Iranian' and 'Foreign' (Western) toilet types, even if you just use the simple words 'Irani' and 'Farangi'.
By B1, you should be comfortable using 'dastshuyi' in a variety of social contexts. You understand that 'servis-e behdashti' is the formal version and might use it when speaking to a boss or a stranger in a very formal setting. You can handle problems related to the restroom, such as 'Dastshuyi kharāb ast' (The restroom is broken/out of order) or 'Dastshuyi āb nadārad' (The restroom has no water). You also start to use the word in the context of household responsibilities, like 'Nobat-e kiye dastshuyi-ro tamiz kone?' (Whose turn is it to clean the restroom?). You understand the cultural norm of 'tahārat' (washing with water) and how it relates to the restroom setup in Iran.
At the B2 level, you can discuss the cultural and architectural aspects of the 'dastshuyi'. You might talk about how modern Iranian apartments often have two restrooms—one with a squat toilet for guests and one with a Western toilet for the family. You can use the word in idiomatic expressions or more complex grammatical structures, like 'Agar dastshuyi dāshti, be man begū' (If you need the restroom, let me know). You are also aware of the euphemistic nature of the word and how it fits into the broader Persian concept of 'Ta'arof' and politeness. You can read signs and instructions in public restrooms without difficulty.
At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the linguistic history of the word 'dastshuyi'. You can compare it with its archaic counterparts like 'mabrāz' or 'mustarāh' and explain why the language shifted toward more euphemistic terms. You can discuss sanitation issues or public health in a more academic or professional tone, using 'dastshuyi' as a starting point. You understand the nuances of register—when to use 'tualet', 'dastshuyi', or 'servis'. You can also appreciate humor or literature that uses the word in creative ways, understanding the subtle social cues involved in mentioning such a private space.
At the C2 level, your mastery of 'dastshuyi' is complete. You can use it in high-level sociolinguistic discussions about the evolution of Persian vocabulary. You might analyze how the word reflects Iranian attitudes toward hygiene, privacy, and the body. You can navigate the most complex social situations involving the term, from delicate medical inquiries to sophisticated literary metaphors. You understand the regional variations in how the word is used across the Persian-speaking world (Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan), noting that 'tashnab' might be preferred in Dari. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker.
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

دستشویی 30초 만에

  • Dastshuyi is the most common Persian word for restroom or toilet.
  • It literally means 'hand-washing' and is a polite, neutral term.
  • It is used in both informal and semi-formal contexts across Iran.
  • Essential for travelers: 'Dastshuyi kojāst?' is the key phrase.

The Persian word دستشویی (dastshūyī) is the most common and practical term for a restroom, bathroom, or toilet in modern Iran. Etymologically, it is a compound noun derived from dast (hand) and shūyī (washing), literally translating to 'hand-washing.' This euphemistic origin reflects a cultural preference for indirectness when discussing bodily functions. In contemporary usage, it covers everything from the small powder room in a modern apartment to public facilities in a bazaar. While 'tualet' is also used, دستشویی remains the standard for daily conversation.

Literal Meaning
Hand-washing place (Dast + Shuyi).
Practical Meaning
The room containing the toilet and sink.
Social Nuance
Polite enough for most social settings, though 'servis-e behdashti' is more formal.

ببخشید، دستشویی کجاست؟ (Excuse me, where is the restroom?)

Understanding this word is crucial for any traveler or learner because it is the primary way to ask for facilities. Unlike some languages that distinguish strictly between a 'bathroom' (with a tub) and a 'toilet' (without), Persian uses this term broadly. In many Iranian homes, the دستشویی might contain a 'tualet-e irani' (squat toilet) or a 'tualet-e farangi' (Western-style toilet). The word itself is neutral and widely accepted across all demographics.

من باید به دستشویی بروم. (I must go to the restroom.)

Historically, the term replaced older, more blunt words like 'khalā' or 'mustarāh' which are now considered archaic or overly graphic. The shift to 'hand-washing' as a descriptor follows a global trend of using hygiene-related terms to refer to sanitation facilities. This word is also used to refer to the sink itself in some contexts, though 'raveshui' is more specific for the basin.

لطفاً بعد از دستشویی دست‌هایتان را بشویید. (Please wash your hands after using the restroom.)

Grammatical Category
Simple Noun (Compound structure).
Plural Form
دستشویی‌ها (Dastshūyī-hā).

این رستوران دو تا دستشویی دارد. (This restaurant has two restrooms.)

آیا دستشویی تمیز است؟ (Is the restroom clean?)

Using دستشویی correctly involves understanding both the physical space and the social protocols surrounding it. In Persian, you 'have' a restroom (dastshuyi dāshtan) when you need to use it, and you 'go' to the restroom (be dastshuyi raftan). It is important to note that in Iranian culture, asking for the restroom is perfectly normal, but it is often done with a slight lowering of the voice or a polite 'bebakhshid' (excuse me) beforehand.

  • Dastshuyi dāshtan: This is the common way to say 'I need to go.' For example: 'Dastshuyi dāram.'
  • Raftan be dastshuyi: The action of physically going.
  • Dastshuyi-ye mardāne/zanāne: Men's/Women's restroom.

When you are in a home, the host will likely point you toward the دستشویی. You might notice two types of toilets. The 'Iranian' toilet is a squat toilet, and the 'Farangi' (Foreign) toilet is the Western pedestal style. If you specifically need a Western toilet, you should ask: 'Āyā tualet-e farangi dārid?' (Do you have a Western toilet?).

کدام طرف دستشویی است؟ (Which way is the restroom?)

In formal writing or on signage, you will frequently encounter the term servis-e behdashti. However, in spoken Persian, even in formal offices, دستشویی is the go-to word. It is less clinical than 'servis' and less blunt than 'tualet'. If you are teaching children, you might use the word 'jish' for 'pee', but دستشویی remains the proper noun for the room itself.

Another important aspect is the 'āftābe' or the hose found in Iranian restrooms. This is used for washing with water (tahārat). When someone asks for the دستشویی, they expect these facilities to be present. The word دستشویی encompasses this entire functional area of the house.

او در دستشویی است. (He/She is in the restroom.)

You will hear دستشویی in almost every social environment in Iran. From the moment you land at Imam Khomeini International Airport to a dinner party in North Tehran, this word is omnipresent. In restaurants, you'll hear customers asking waiters; in schools, students asking teachers; and in homes, guests asking hosts. It is the 'universal' word for the facility.

In movies and TV dramas, characters will use دستشویی to excuse themselves from a scene. It is a natural part of the dialogue. For instance, a character might say, 'Miram dastshuyi dasta-mo beshoram' (I'm going to the restroom to wash my hands), which is a common polite way to leave the table.

ببخشید، دستشویی عمومی این نزدیکیا هست؟ (Excuse me, is there a public restroom nearby?)

In public spaces like parks or shopping malls, you might hear the term 'servis' more often on the PA system or in official announcements, but the people around you will still say دستشویی. If you are traveling by bus on the highway, the driver might announce a 'tavaqof barāye dastshuyi' (stop for the restroom).

You will also hear it in the context of household chores. 'Dastshuyi-ro tamiz kardi?' (Did you clean the restroom?). It is a standard part of domestic vocabulary. In medical contexts, a doctor might ask about 'vaz'iyat-e dastshuyi' (restroom habits/bowel movements), though they might use more technical terms as well.

One of the most common mistakes for English speakers is confusing دستشویی (the room) with حمام (hammām - the bathroom for showering). In many Western countries, 'bathroom' is used for both. In Iran, these are often separate rooms. If you ask for the 'hammām' when you need a toilet, you might be directed to a room with a shower but no toilet, or your host might be confused as to why you want to take a shower in the middle of lunch.

Another mistake is using the word 'tualet' in a way that feels too 'French' or 'clinical' in a cozy home setting. While 'tualet' is understood, دستشویی is much more 'Irani' and natural. Also, be careful with the verb. You don't 'make' a restroom; you 'have' one (dāram) or 'go' to one (miram).

Mistake: من حمام لازم دارم. (I need a shower - when you mean toilet.)
Correct: من باید به دستشویی بروم.

Pronunciation can also be a pitfall. Ensure you don't confuse it with 'dast-shū' (hand washer - the person). The 'yi' at the end is essential for the noun of place. Additionally, some learners confuse 'dastshuyi' with 'zarfshuyi' (dishwashing/kitchen sink). Remember: dast = hand, zarf = dish.

While دستشویی is the standard, several other words occupy the same semantic space, each with its own register and nuance. Understanding these will help you navigate different social levels in Iran.

سرویس بهداشتی (Servis-e Behdashti)
Literally 'Health Service.' This is the formal, polite term used on signs, in offices, and in upscale environments. It is the equivalent of 'Sanitary Facilities.'
توالت (Tualet)
Borrowed from French. It is very common but slightly more focused on the fixture itself rather than the room. Often used to specify 'Tualet-e Farangi' (Western toilet).
مستراح (Mustarāh)
An older, Arabic-rooted word. It sounds a bit 'village-style' or old-fashioned now. You might hear it from older generations or in literature.
خلا (Khalā)
A very old, somewhat crude term. Rarely used in polite modern company.
روشویی (Raveshūyī)
Specifically refers to the sink/basin where you wash your face and hands. Often located just outside or inside the dastshuyi.

In summary, use دستشویی for 90% of your needs. Use servis-e behdashti if you want to sound extra formal or are reading a sign. Use tualet-e farangi if you are specifically looking for a Western-style seat.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

""

비격식체

""

속어

""

난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

1

دستشویی کجاست؟

Where is the restroom?

Simple question structure: [Noun] + [Where] + [is]?

2

من دستشویی دارم.

I need to go to the restroom.

Literally: 'I have restroom.' Used for 'I need to go.'

3

دستشویی تمیز است.

The restroom is clean.

Subject + Adjective + Verb 'to be'.

4

این دستشویی است.

This is the restroom.

Demonstrative pronoun 'in' (this).

5

دستشویی آنجاست.

The restroom is there.

'Ānjā' means 'there'.

6

دستشویی آب دارد.

The restroom has water.

Verb 'dāshtan' (to have).

7

دستشویی کوچک است.

The restroom is small.

Adjective 'kūchak' (small).

8

ببخشید، دستشویی؟

Excuse me, restroom?

Shortened polite request.

1

دستشویی زنانه کجاست؟

Where is the women's restroom?

Adjective 'zanāne' (feminine/women's).

2

دستشویی مردانه آن طرف است.

The men's restroom is that way.

Adjective 'mardāne' (masculine/men's).

3

آیا دستشویی صابون دارد؟

Does the restroom have soap?

Question with 'āyā'.

4

دستشویی طبقه بالا است.

The restroom is upstairs.

Compound noun 'tabaqe-ye bālā'.

5

من باید دستشویی بروم.

I must go to the restroom.

Modal verb 'bāyad' (must) + subjunctive.

6

دستشویی عمومی در پارک است.

The public restroom is in the park.

Adjective 'omūmī' (public).

7

دستشویی این رستوران خیلی تمیز است.

This restaurant's restroom is very clean.

Ezafe construction for possession.

8

قبل از غذا به دستشویی برو.

Go to the restroom before the meal.

Imperative 'boro' (go).

1

دستشویی فرنگی دارید یا ایرانی؟

Do you have a Western toilet or an Iranian one?

Alternative question using 'yā' (or).

2

چرا دستشویی قفل است؟

Why is the restroom locked?

Question word 'cherā' (why).

3

دستشویی نیاز به تعمیر دارد.

The restroom needs repair.

Phrase 'niyāz dāshtan' (to need).

4

لطفاً بعد از دستشویی دست‌های خود را بشویید.

Please wash your hands after using the restroom.

Formal imperative 'beshūyīd'.

5

دستشویی در انتهای راهرو، سمت چپ است.

The restroom is at the end of the hallway, on the left.

Prepositional phrases for direction.

6

او نیم ساعت است که در دستشویی است.

He has been in the restroom for half an hour.

Present perfect continuous sense.

7

آیا در دستشویی دستمال کاغذی هست؟

Is there toilet paper in the restroom?

Existential 'hast' (there is).

8

دستشویی خانه‌ی آن‌ها بسیار مدرن است.

Their house's restroom is very modern.

Complex ezafe chain.

1

به دلیل نظافت، دستشویی موقتاً بسته است.

Due to cleaning, the restroom is temporarily closed.

Formal preposition 'be dalīl-e'.

2

او همیشه در دستشویی مطالعه می‌کند.

He always reads in the restroom.

Adverb of frequency 'hamīshe'.

3

باید برای دستشویی‌ها تهویه بهتری نصب کنیم.

We must install better ventilation for the restrooms.

Comparative adjective 'behtar'.

4

دستشویی رفتن بچه‌ها همیشه طول می‌کشد.

It always takes a long time for the kids to go to the restroom.

Gerund-like use of 'raftan'.

5

در معماری سنتی، دستشویی دور از اتاق نشیمن بود.

In traditional architecture, the restroom was far from the living room.

Historical context.

6

آیا دستشویی به سیستم فاضلاب شهری وصل است؟

Is the restroom connected to the city sewage system?

Technical vocabulary.

7

او از بوی بد دستشویی شکایت کرد.

He complained about the bad smell of the restroom.

Verb 'shekāyat kardan'.

8

در این مرکز خرید، دستشویی‌های مخصوص معلولین وجود دارد.

In this mall, there are restrooms specifically for the disabled.

Specific adjective 'makhsūs'.

1

واژه 'دستشویی' در واقع یک واژه ابداعی برای جایگزینی کلمات صریح‌تر بود.

The word 'dastshuyi' was actually an invented word to replace more explicit terms.

Abstract noun 'jāygozīnī'.

2

نظافت دستشویی‌های عمومی بازتابی از فرهنگ شهرنشینی است.

The cleanliness of public restrooms is a reflection of urban culture.

Metaphorical usage.

3

او با وسواس عجیبی دستشویی را ضدعفونی می‌کرد.

He disinfected the restroom with a strange obsession.

Adverbial phrase 'bā vasvās'.

4

تعبیه دستشویی در داخل فضای مسکونی از ویژگی‌های خانه‌های مدرن است.

Placing the restroom inside the residential space is a feature of modern homes.

Technical term 'ta'biye'.

5

برخی معتقدند واژه 'سرویس بهداشتی' باکلاس‌تر از 'دستشویی' است.

Some believe the term 'servis-e behdashti' is classier than 'dastshuyi'.

Sociolinguistic comparison.

6

در متون قدیمی، به جای دستشویی از واژه 'آبریزگاه' استفاده می‌شد.

In old texts, the word 'ābrīzgāh' was used instead of 'dastshuyi'.

Archaic synonym.

7

مدیریت پسماند در دستشویی‌های هواپیما بسیار پیچیده است.

Waste management in airplane restrooms is very complex.

Professional context.

8

او بدون اینکه حرفی بزند، به بهانه دستشویی جلسه را ترک کرد.

Without saying a word, he left the meeting under the pretext of going to the restroom.

Idiomatic 'be bahāne-ye'.

1

تحول مفاهیم طهارت و نجاست در کاربرد واژه دستشویی مشهود است.

The evolution of the concepts of purity and impurity is evident in the usage of the word 'dastshuyi'.

High-level abstract vocabulary.

2

نویسنده از فضای خفقان‌آور دستشویی به عنوان استعاره‌ای از بن‌بست سیاسی استفاده کرده است.

The author used the suffocating atmosphere of the restroom as a metaphor for a political deadlock.

Literary analysis.

3

تقابل میان 'توالت فرنگی' و 'ایرانی' در دستشویی‌ها، نمادی از چالش سنت و مدرنیته است.

The contrast between Western and Iranian toilets in restrooms is a symbol of the challenge between tradition and modernity.

Sociological critique.

4

استانداردهای بهداشتی در دستشویی‌های بین‌راهی نیازمند بازنگری اساسی است.

Health standards in roadside restrooms require a fundamental revision.

Policy-oriented language.

5

او در خاطراتش به تفصیل درباره ساختار دستشویی‌های قلعه‌های باستانی نوشته است.

In his memoirs, he wrote in detail about the structure of restrooms in ancient castles.

Historical narrative.

6

واژه‌گزینی برای مفاهیم روزمره چون دستشویی، نشان‌دهنده ظرافت‌های زبانی است.

Word choice for everyday concepts like 'dastshuyi' indicates linguistic delicacies.

Linguistic philosophy.

7

حفظ حریم خصوصی در طراحی دستشویی‌های اشتراکی یک اصل بنیادین است.

Maintaining privacy in the design of shared restrooms is a fundamental principle.

Design terminology.

8

بی‌توجهی به نظافت دستشویی می‌تواند پیامدهای وخیم بهداشتی داشته باشد.

Neglecting restroom cleanliness can have dire health consequences.

Formal warning tone.

자주 쓰는 조합

رفتن به دستشویی
دستشویی داشتن
تمیز کردن دستشویی
دستشویی عمومی
دستشویی فرنگی
دستشویی ایرانی
درِ دستشویی
چاه دستشویی
شیر دستشویی
نظافت دستشویی

자주 쓰는 구문

ببخشید، دستشویی کجاست؟

من دستشویی دارم.

دستشویی تمیز است؟

باید برم دستشویی.

دستشویی طبقه پایین است.

دستشویی فرنگی دارید؟

دستشویی مردانه/زنانه

کلید دستشویی

دستشویی خراب است.

دمپایی دستشویی

자주 혼동되는 단어

دستشویی vs حمام

دستشویی vs ظرفشویی

دستشویی vs روشویی

관용어 및 표현

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

혼동하기 쉬운

دستشویی vs

دستشویی vs

دستشویی vs

دستشویی vs

دستشویی vs

문장 패턴

사용법

note

In Iran, 'bathroom' (hammām) usually means the room with the shower, not the toilet.

자주 하는 실수
  • Using 'hammām' when you need a toilet.
  • Forgetting the 'yi' at the end of 'dastshuyi'.
  • Saying 'I am a restroom' instead of 'I need a restroom'.
  • Confusing 'dastshuyi' with 'zarfshuyi'.
  • Using 'mustarāh' in a modern, fancy setting.

팁

Slippers

Always use the plastic slippers provided inside the restroom.

Politeness

Say 'Bebakhshid' (Excuse me) before asking for the restroom.

Water

Be prepared to use a water hose (āftābe) instead of paper.

Verbs

Use 'dāshtan' (to have) for the urge to go.

Signs

Look for the 'WC' sign or 'سرویس بهداشتی'.

Volume

Ask quietly; it's a private matter.

Soap

Carry hand sanitizer as public restrooms may lack soap.

Location

In old houses, it's often in the courtyard.

Roots

Remember 'Dast' = Hand to help you memorize.

Locks

Always check if the door locks properly in public places.

암기하기

기억법

I need to wash (shuyi) my hands (dast) in the dastshuyi.

어원

Persian

문화적 맥락

Water is the primary cleaning agent.

Always wear the provided slippers (dampāyi) inside.

Squat (Iranian) vs. Pedestal (Farangi).

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"ببخشید، نزدیک‌ترین دستشویی کجاست؟"

"آیا دستشویی این رستوران تمیز است؟"

"می‌توانم از دستشویی شما استفاده کنم؟"

"دستشویی فرنگی کجاست؟"

"چرا دستشویی صابون ندارد؟"

일기 주제

Describe the most beautiful restroom you've ever seen.

Write about a time you couldn't find a restroom.

Compare Iranian and Western restrooms.

Why is hygiene important in a restroom?

Write a dialogue between a tourist and a waiter asking for the restroom.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, it is the standard polite word for daily use.

Dastshuyi is the room; tualet often refers to the fixture.

No, use 'hammām' for a shower.

Ask for 'tualet-e farangi'.

Public ones might not; they always have water hoses.

Yes, but 'tashnab' is more common there.

It means 'I need to use the restroom.'

Only in very formal or official situations.

It's a euphemism to avoid being too graphic.

Most are, but some public ones might charge a small fee.

셀프 테스트 180 질문

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

관련 콘텐츠

도움이 되었나요?

댓글 (0)

로그인하여 댓글 달기
아직 댓글이 없습니다. 첫 번째로 생각을 공유하세요!