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B2 noun 10분 분량

فقه

feqh

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 فقه 30초 만에

설명 فقه in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the complex academic side of 'Feqh'. Just know that it is a word related to 'religion' and 'rules' in Iran. You might see it on a sign for a university building or hear it on the news. Think of it as 'religious law'. It is a noun. You can remember it as a 'heavy' word used by teachers and experts. At this level, just recognize that if you hear 'Feqh', the topic is serious and probably about what is right or wrong according to religious rules. You won't need to use it in your daily life yet, but knowing it exists is a good start to understanding Persian culture.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you can start to place 'Feqh' in the context of school and study. It is a 'subject' like math or history. You can say 'He studies Feqh' (او فقه می‌خواند). It is important to know that it is pronounced with a sharp ending. You might hear it when people talk about the history of Iran or Islamic culture. It is a bit more specific than just 'religion' (din). It is about the *rules* of religion. If you are reading a simple text about a famous person, they might be described as a student of Feqh. It is a formal word, so you won't use it to talk about your hobbies, but you might use it if you are talking about your university major.

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At the B1 level, you should understand the difference between 'Feqh' (the study of law) and 'Hoquq' (law in general). You can use 'Feqh' in sentences about society or education. You should also recognize the adjective 'Feqhi' (jurisprudential). For example, 'a jurisprudential book' (کتاب فقهی). You will start to see this word in intermediate news articles or cultural documentaries. It is a key word for understanding how the Iranian government and legal system work. You should be able to say things like, 'The principles of Feqh are important' (اصول فقه مهم هستند). You are moving from just recognizing the word to understanding its role as a technical term in the Persian-speaking world.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'Feqh' with precision. You should understand it as 'Jurisprudence'—the theory and philosophy behind the law. You should be able to discuss its role in modern society and its relationship with 'Ijtihad' (independent reasoning). You will encounter it in academic papers, high-level news debates, and legal documents. You should know common collocations like 'Feqh-e Pouya' (dynamic jurisprudence) and 'Mabani-ye Feqh' (foundations of jurisprudence). At this level, you should also be aware of the cultural weight the word carries and use it in formal discussions about law, ethics, and religion. You can distinguish between the process (Feqh) and the result (Ahkam).

At the C1 level, 'Feqh' becomes a tool for deep analysis. You should be comfortable discussing various schools of Feqh (like Jafari, Hanafi, etc.) and the hermeneutical methods used by 'Fuqaha' (jurists). You can use the word to critique legal arguments or to explain the historical development of Persian legal thought. You should be familiar with the Arabic roots and how they influence the word's meaning in Persian. You will hear this word in advanced university seminars and read it in complex theological or legal treatises. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the nuances between traditional and modern interpretations of Feqh. You can use it fluently in compound structures and academic discourse.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have a mastery of 'Feqh' that rivals a native scholar. You understand the subtle differences in its usage across centuries of Persian literature. You can engage in debates about the 'Philosophy of Feqh' (Falsafe-ye Feqh) and the epistemological foundations of the discipline. You understand how 'Feqh' interacts with 'Erfan' (mysticism) and 'Kalam' (theology). You can read and interpret classical texts where 'Feqh' is used in its archaic sense of 'deep comprehension'. For you, 'Feqh' is not just a word, but a vast intellectual tradition that you can navigate with ease, using it to articulate complex legal and ethical positions in the most formal and sophisticated Persian contexts.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

فقه 30초 만에

Feqh means jurisprudence or the theory of law.
It is a formal word used in legal and academic settings.
It differs from Sharia (divine law) as it is the human interpretation.
It is a key concept for understanding the Iranian legal system.

The Persian word فقه (pronounced 'fegh') is a cornerstone of Persian legal, academic, and religious discourse. At its most fundamental level, it translates to jurisprudence or the theory and philosophy of law. While the word has deep roots in Islamic tradition, its application in modern Persian extends to university settings, constitutional debates, and the intricate machinery of the Iranian legal system. Understanding this word requires looking beyond a simple dictionary definition; it represents the human attempt to understand, codify, and apply divine or moral principles into a functioning legal framework.

Academic Context: In universities, 'Feqh' is a major field of study, often paired with 'Hoquq' (Law). A student might say they are studying 'Feqh and Islamic Law' (فقه و حقوق اسلامی). Here, it refers to the methodology of deriving legal rulings from primary sources.
Social and Political Context: Because the Iranian legal system is built upon jurisprudential foundations, the word 'Feqh' appears frequently in news reports regarding new legislation, the decisions of the Guardian Council, and debates about civil rights.

تحول در فقه پویا می‌تواند به حل مشکلات مدرن جامعه کمک کند.
Translation: Evolution in dynamic jurisprudence can help solve the modern problems of society.

Historically, the word comes from an Arabic root meaning 'deep understanding' or 'comprehension.' In the early days of Persian literature, you might find it used to describe any profound insight. However, over centuries, it became specialized. Today, if you are discussing the 'philosophy of law' in a high-level seminar, or if you are reading about the qualifications of a judge in Iran, 'Feqh' is the term you will encounter. It is distinct from 'Sharia' (شریعت); while Sharia is often viewed as the divine law itself, Feqh is the human science of interpreting that law. This distinction is crucial for B2 level learners to grasp.

Comparative Jurisprudence: The term 'Feqh-e Tatbiqi' (فقه تطبیقی) refers to comparative jurisprudence, where scholars compare different legal schools or systems. This is a common subject in advanced Persian legal studies.

او یکی از برجسته‌ترین استادان فقه در حوزه علمیه است.
Translation: He is one of the most prominent professors of jurisprudence in the seminary.

In everyday conversation, a layperson might not use 'Feqh' to describe their daily activities, but they will use it when discussing the legitimacy of a law or a religious ruling. For example, if someone asks about the 'Fiqhi' (فقهی) ruling on a specific banking transaction, they are asking about the legal-religious status of that action. The word carries a weight of authority and intellectual rigor. It suggests that the topic at hand is being analyzed through a rigorous methodology rather than just personal opinion.

کتاب‌های کلاسیک فقه معمولاً به زبان عربی نوشته شده‌اند اما در ایران به فارسی تدریس می‌شوند.
Translation: Classic books of jurisprudence are usually written in Arabic but are taught in Persian in Iran.

Using 'Feqh' correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a noun and its adjectival form 'Feqhi' (فقهی). Because it is a technical term, it often appears in formal sentence structures, particularly those involving 'studying,' 'discussing,' or 'applying' principles. It is rarely used in plural form as 'Afqah' in modern Persian; instead, people usually pluralize it as 'Feqh-ha' or simply refer to the various 'schools' of Feqh.

As a Subject: 'Feqh' often acts as the subject of sentences discussing intellectual history or legal evolution. For example: 'Feqh has evolved over centuries' (فقه در طول قرن‌ها تکامل یافته است).
In Compound Verbs: While not a verb itself, it is used with 'kardan' in the sense of 'doing jurisprudence' (تفقه کردن), meaning to study deeply or to gain a deep understanding of religious law.

مبانی فقه یکی از دروس دشوار در رشته حقوق است.
Translation: The foundations of jurisprudence is one of the difficult courses in the law major.

When you want to describe something as 'jurisprudential' or 'legalistic' in a religious sense, you use the suffix '-i'. For instance, 'a jurisprudential debate' is 'yek bahs-e feqhi' (یک بحث فقهی). This is very common in academic writing. Another common usage is in the phrase 'Feqh-e Javaheri' (فقه جواهری), which refers to a traditional, rigorous methodology of jurisprudence named after a famous book. Using such specific terms shows a high level of Persian proficiency.

Prepositional Usage: It is frequently used with 'dar' (in). 'Expertise in jurisprudence' is 'takhassos dar feqh' (تخصص در فقه). 'The role of reason in jurisprudence' is 'naqsh-e aql dar feqh' (نقش عقل در فقه).

او دیدگاه‌های جدیدی در فقه معاصر مطرح کرده است.
Translation: He has proposed new perspectives in contemporary jurisprudence.

In formal letters or legal documents, you might see the term 'Mavazin-e Feqhi' (موازین فقهی), meaning 'jurisprudential standards.' This is used to indicate that a certain action or law complies with the established principles of the field. For example: 'This contract is based on jurisprudential standards' (این قرارداد بر اساس موازین فقهی تنظیم شده است). As a B2 learner, using these collocations will make your Persian sound much more professional and precise.

آیا فقه می‌تواند با مقتضیات زمان هماهنگ شود؟
Translation: Can jurisprudence be harmonized with the requirements of the time?

If you are walking through the streets of Tehran, you might not hear 'Feqh' in a grocery store, but if you turn on the radio, open a newspaper, or visit a university campus, it becomes ubiquitous. It is a 'high-register' word that signals a transition into intellectual, legal, or religious territory. Understanding where it appears helps you gauge the formality of your environment.

The News and Media: State media frequently broadcasts discussions between 'Fuqaha' (plural of Faqih). You will hear terms like 'Feqh-e Hokumati' (Governmental Jurisprudence) when they discuss how religious law applies to state administration.
Educational Institutions: In the 'Hawza' (religious seminaries) of Qom and Mashhad, 'Feqh' is the air they breathe. It is the primary subject of study. Similarly, in secular universities, the faculty of law is often named 'Daneshkade-ye Hoquq va Olum-e Siyasi' but includes 'Feqh' as a core component of the curriculum.

امروز در اخبار درباره رابطه فقه و اقتصاد صحبت می‌کردند.
Translation: Today on the news, they were talking about the relationship between jurisprudence and economics.

You will also hear this word in the context of 'Ijtihad' (independent reasoning). When a scholar reaches a high enough level in 'Feqh', they are said to have reached the level of Ijtihad. This is a very prestigious status in Persian-speaking societies. Therefore, 'Feqh' is often associated with authority, long years of study, and the ability to interpret complex texts. If someone says, 'This is a matter for Feqh,' they usually mean it is a complex technical question that requires an expert's opinion.

در کتابخانه‌های بزرگ، بخش عظیمی به کتاب‌های فقه اختصاص دارد.
Translation: In large libraries, a huge section is dedicated to books of jurisprudence.

Interestingly, 'Feqh' is also heard in historical dramas and movies set in the medieval Islamic world. It helps establish a sense of period and intellectual atmosphere. Whether it is a show about Avicenna or a modern legal thriller, 'Feqh' serves as the linguistic bridge between the sacred and the legal. For a learner, recognizing this word is like recognizing the word 'Constitutional Law' in English—it tells you exactly what kind of conversation you are in.

While 'Feqh' is a specific term, learners often confuse it with other related words or use it in contexts where it doesn't quite fit. Avoiding these pitfalls will help you sound more like a native speaker who understands the nuances of Persian culture and law.

Confusing Feqh with Sharia: Mistake: Using 'Feqh' when you mean the divine law itself. Correction: 'Sharia' is the law; 'Feqh' is the study and interpretation of that law. You study Feqh to understand Sharia.
Confusing Feqh with Hoquq: Mistake: Using 'Feqh' to describe traffic laws or international maritime law. Correction: Use 'Hoquq' (rights/law) for general or secular legal systems. Use 'Feqh' specifically for legal systems derived from religious principles.

اشتباه: من برای جریمه رانندگی به کتاب فقه مراجعه کردم.
Note: This is incorrect because traffic fines are 'Hoquq', not 'Feqh'.

Another common mistake is in the pronunciation. The 'gh' (ق) in Persian is a single sound, but English speakers sometimes try to pronounce it as 'k' or 'g'. In 'Feqh', the 'gh' is at the very end, and it must be clear. Also, ensure you don't add an extra vowel at the end; it is 'fegh', not 'fe-ghe'.

Pluralization Errors: Mistake: Referring to scholars as 'Feqh-ha'. Correction: The plural of 'Faqih' (the person) is 'Fuqaha' (فقها). 'Feqh' is the subject, 'Faqih' is the person.

درست: او یک فقیه بزرگ است و فقه درس می‌دهد.
Translation: He is a great jurist and teaches jurisprudence.

Finally, avoid overusing the word in informal settings. If you are talking to a friend about a simple rule, using 'Feqh' might sound overly dramatic or sarcastic. Reserve it for discussions that actually involve legal theory or religious principles. Using high-register words in low-register situations is a common sign of a learner who hasn't yet mastered social context.

Persian has a rich vocabulary for law and knowledge. Knowing the alternatives to 'Feqh' allows you to be more precise in your speech and writing. Here is how 'Feqh' compares to its closest neighbors.

Feqh vs. Hoquq (حقوق): 'Hoquq' is the general word for 'Law' and 'Rights'. If you are talking about the law school at Harvard or the laws of physics, you use 'Hoquq'. 'Feqh' is specific to religious jurisprudence. In Iran, they are often used together (Feqh va Hoquq) to cover the entire legal spectrum.
Feqh vs. Shariat (شریعت): 'Shariat' refers to the divine path or the religious law itself as revealed. 'Feqh' is the academic discipline of studying that law. Think of Shariat as the 'Constitution' and Feqh as the 'Supreme Court's interpretation' of it.

تفاوت بین فقه و حقوق در منابع آن‌هاست.
Translation: The difference between jurisprudence and law lies in their sources.

Other related words include 'Osul' (اصول), which refers to the 'Principles' of jurisprudence. Often, students study 'Feqh va Osul' together. 'Osul' is the logic/methodology, and 'Feqh' is the application of that logic to specific cases. If you want to talk about the 'philosophy of law' in a purely secular sense, you might use 'Falsafe-ye Hoquq' (فلسفه حقوق).

Feqh vs. Ahkam (احکام): 'Ahkam' means 'rulings' or 'decrees'. These are the individual results of Feqh. Feqh is the process; Ahkam are the output. You might ask, 'What is the Sharia ruling (Hokm) on this?' rather than asking 'What is the Feqh on this?'

مطالعه فقه تطبیقی به ما کمک می‌کند تا دید بازتری داشته باشیم.
Translation: Studying comparative jurisprudence helps us have a more open view.

In summary, choose 'Feqh' when you want to sound academic, technical, and specific to the tradition of legal reasoning. Choose 'Hoquq' for general law, 'Shariat' for the divine concept, and 'Ahkam' for specific rules. Mastering these distinctions is a hallmark of an advanced Persian speaker.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In the earliest days of Islam, 'Feqh' wasn't just about law; it meant understanding the faith as a whole. Only later did it become a specialized term for legal science.

발음 가이드

UK /fɛk/

US /fɛk/

The stress is on the single syllable.

라임이 맞는 단어

رزق (Rezgh) عشق (Eshgh) - slant rhyme مشق (Mashgh) نطق (Notgh) حق (Hagh) خلق (Khalgh) شرق (Shargh) برق (Bargh)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it as 'fek' with a 'k' sound.
Adding a vowel at the end (fe-ghe).
Pronouncing the 'f' too softly.
Mixing it up with 'feghr' (poverty).
Slurring the 'gh' sound.

난이도

독해 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal and sometimes Arabic-influenced vocabulary.

쓰기 4/5

Using it correctly in compound sentences is a B2/C1 skill.

말하기 3/5

Pronunciation of 'gh' can be tricky for beginners.

듣기 3/5

Common in news and formal speeches.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

قانون دین دانشگاه کتاب درس

다음에 배울 것

اجتهاد مجتهد فتوا شریعت حقوق

고급

هرمنوتیک استنباط مستحدثه غیبت تبیین

알아야 할 문법

Ezafe Construction

کتابِ فقه (Book of Jurisprudence)

Adjective Formation with '-i'

فقه -> فقهی (Jurisprudential)

Noun Pluralization (Arabic style)

فقیه -> فقها (Jurist -> Jurists)

Compound Verbs with 'kardan'

تفقه کردن (To study deeply)

Formal vs Informal Register

Use 'Feqh' in formal contexts; use 'Ghanun' (Law) in casual ones.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

او فقه می‌خواند.

He studies jurisprudence.

Simple subject-object-verb structure.

فقه یک درس است.

Jurisprudence is a lesson/subject.

Using 'ast' (is) for definition.

این کتاب فقه است.

This book is jurisprudence (a book of jurisprudence).

Demonstrative pronoun 'in' (this).

استاد فقه کجاست؟

Where is the jurisprudence professor?

Question form with 'kojast'.

من فقه دوست دارم.

I like jurisprudence.

Simple present tense with 'dust dashtan'.

کتابخانه فقه بزرگ است.

The jurisprudence library is big.

Possessive Ezafe construction.

فقه سخت نیست.

Jurisprudence is not hard.

Negative form 'nist'.

او فقه درس می‌دهد.

He teaches jurisprudence.

Compound verb 'dars dadan'.

برادرم در دانشگاه فقه می‌خواند.

My brother studies jurisprudence at the university.

Adding a prepositional phrase 'dar daneshgah'.

آیا شما با فقه آشنا هستید؟

Are you familiar with jurisprudence?

Formal 'shoma' and 'ashna budan'.

فقه اسلامی قوانین زیادی دارد.

Islamic jurisprudence has many laws.

Adjective 'Islami' modifying 'Feqh'.

او کتابی درباره فقه نوشت.

He wrote a book about jurisprudence.

Past tense 'nevesht'.

ما باید فقه را یاد بگیریم.

We must learn jurisprudence.

Modal verb 'bayad' + subjunctive.

این موضوع در فقه مهم است.

This subject is important in jurisprudence.

Preposition 'dar' used for context.

او سال‌ها فقه مطالعه کرده است.

He has studied jurisprudence for years.

Present perfect tense 'motale'e karde ast'.

فقه به سوالات ما پاسخ می‌دهد.

Jurisprudence answers our questions.

Verb 'pasokh dadan' with 'be'.

رابطه بین فقه و اخلاق بسیار نزدیک است.

The relationship between jurisprudence and ethics is very close.

Complex subject with 'va' (and).

بسیاری از قوانین ایران بر پایه فقه هستند.

Many of Iran's laws are based on jurisprudence.

Phrase 'bar paye-ye' (based on).

او تخصص خود را در فقه گرفت.

He got his specialty in jurisprudence.

Noun 'takhassos' (specialty).

فقه پویا به مسائل جدید توجه می‌کند.

Dynamic jurisprudence pays attention to new issues.

Adjective 'pouya' (dynamic).

در این مقاله، مبانی فقه بررسی شده است.

In this article, the foundations of jurisprudence have been examined.

Passive voice 'barresi shode ast'.

او می‌خواهد یک فقیه مشهور شود.

He wants to become a famous jurist.

Distinction between 'Feqh' and 'Faqih'.

فقه به ما کمک می‌کند تا عدالت را اجرا کنیم.

Jurisprudence helps us to implement justice.

Purpose clause with 'ta'.

کلاس فقه امروز تشکیل نشد.

The jurisprudence class was not held today.

Negative passive 'tashkil nashod'.

فقه جواهری بر روش‌های سنتی تأکید دارد.

Javaheri jurisprudence emphasizes traditional methods.

Specific technical term 'Feqh-e Javaheri'.

نوآوری در فقه مستلزم شناخت دقیق زمانه است.

Innovation in jurisprudence requires a precise understanding of the times.

Verb 'mostalzem budan' (to require).

او در رساله خود به مسائل فقهی معاصر پرداخته است.

In his dissertation, he has dealt with contemporary jurisprudential issues.

Adjective form 'feqhi' and verb 'pardakhtan be'.

شورای نگهبان انطباق قوانین با فقه را بررسی می‌کند.

The Guardian Council examines the conformity of laws with jurisprudence.

Noun 'entebaq' (conformity).

فقه سنتی گاهی با چالش‌های دنیای مدرن روبرو می‌شود.

Traditional jurisprudence sometimes faces the challenges of the modern world.

Verb 'rubaru shodan' (to face).

او یکی از نظریه‌پردازان برجسته در حوزه فقه است.

He is one of the prominent theorists in the field of jurisprudence.

Noun 'nazariye-pardaz' (theorist).

فقه می‌تواند چارچوبی برای حقوق بشر فراهم کند.

Jurisprudence can provide a framework for human rights.

Noun 'charchoub' (framework).

بحث‌های فقهی در این زمینه بسیار پیچیده است.

The jurisprudential debates in this field are very complex.

Plural subject 'bahs-ha'.

هرمنوتیک در فقه معاصر نقش کلیدی ایفا می‌کند.

Hermeneutics plays a key role in contemporary jurisprudence.

Loanword 'hermenutik' and idiom 'naqsh ifa kardan'.

تحول در ساختار فقه نیازمند بازنگری در اصول است.

Transformation in the structure of jurisprudence requires a revision of the principles.

Noun 'baznegari' (revision/review).

او به تبیین عقلانی گزاره‌های فقهی پرداخت.

He proceeded to provide a rational explanation of jurisprudential propositions.

Noun 'tabyin' (explanation/elucidation).

فقه سیاسی به بررسی مشروعیت قدرت می‌پردازد.

Political jurisprudence examines the legitimacy of power.

Specific sub-field 'Feqh-e Siyasi'.

تقابل میان فقه و عرف در جوامع در حال گذار مشهود است.

The confrontation between jurisprudence and custom is evident in societies in transition.

Noun 'taqabol' (confrontation/opposition).

او در آرای فقهی خود به عنصر زمان و مکان توجه دارد.

In his jurisprudential opinions, he pays attention to the elements of time and place.

Technical phrase 'zaman va makan'.

گستره فقه تمام ابعاد زندگی انسان را در بر می‌گیرد.

The scope of jurisprudence encompasses all dimensions of human life.

Compound verb 'dar bar gereftan'.

این فقیه به استنباط احکام جدید از منابع اولیه شهرت دارد.

This jurist is famous for deriving new rulings from primary sources.

Technical term 'estenbat' (derivation/inference).

دیالکتیک میان نص و واقعیت در فقه، فرآیندی بی‌پایان است.

The dialectic between the text and reality in jurisprudence is an endless process.

Philosophical term 'dialektik'.

او به نقد معرفت‌شناختی مبانی فقه سنتی همت گماشت.

He dedicated himself to the epistemological critique of the foundations of traditional jurisprudence.

Advanced idiom 'hemmat gomashtan'.

فقه مقاصدی بر اهداف غایی شریعت تمرکز می‌کند.

Maqasidi jurisprudence focuses on the ultimate goals of the Sharia.

Specific school 'Feqh-e Maqasidi'.

پارادایم‌های حاکم بر فقه در عصر غیبت دستخوش تغییر شده‌اند.

The paradigms governing jurisprudence in the era of Occultation have undergone changes.

Technical term 'paradāym'.

او پیوند ناگسستنی میان فقه و فلسفه عملی را اثبات کرد.

He proved the unbreakable link between jurisprudence and practical philosophy.

Adjective 'nagosashtani' (unbreakable).

تطور فقه در بستر تاریخ، نشان‌دهنده پویایی درونی آن است.

The evolution of jurisprudence in the context of history indicates its internal dynamism.

Noun 'tatavvor' (evolution/development).

او به واکاوی نسبت میان فقه و قراردادهای اجتماعی پرداخت.

He proceeded to analyze the relationship between jurisprudence and social contracts.

Literary word 'vākāvi' (analysis/probing).

جامعیت فقه در پاسخگویی به نیازهای مستحدثه به اثبات رسیده است.

The comprehensiveness of jurisprudence in responding to newly emergent needs has been proven.

Technical adjective 'mostahdase' (newly emergent).

자주 쓰는 조합

فقه اسلامی

مبانی فقه

فقه پویا

فقه تطبیقی

اصول فقه

فقه سنتی

درس فقه

کتاب فقه

استاد فقه

مسائل فقهی

자주 쓰는 구문

در فقه

— Within the field of jurisprudence.

در فقه، این عمل جایز نیست.

از منظر فقه

— From the perspective of jurisprudence.

از منظر فقه، این معامله باطل است.

مطابق با فقه

— In accordance with jurisprudence.

این قانون مطابق با فقه است.

بر اساس فقه

— Based on jurisprudence.

قضاوت بر اساس فقه انجام شد.

مخالف با فقه

— Contrary to jurisprudence.

این نظر مخالف با فقه مشهور است.

رشته فقه

— The field/major of jurisprudence.

او در رشته فقه تحصیل کرد.

حوزه فقه

— The domain or sphere of jurisprudence.

او در حوزه فقه صاحب‌نظر است.

متون فقهی

— Jurisprudential texts.

خواندن متون فقهی دشوار است.

آرای فقهی

— Jurisprudential opinions.

آرای فقهی متفاوت هستند.

نظرات فقهی

— Jurisprudential views.

نظرات فقهی او بسیار مدرن است.

자주 혼동되는 단어

فقه vs فقر (Feghr)

Means 'poverty'. Confused because of the similar starting sound.

فقه vs فکر (Fekr)

Means 'thought'. Learners sometimes mispronounce 'gh' as 'k'.

فقه vs فک (Fak)

Means 'jaw'. A common mispronunciation for beginners.

관용어 및 표현

"تفقه در دین"

— To gain deep knowledge of religion. It implies more than just reading; it means deep insight.

او برای تفقه در دین به قم رفت.

Formal/Religious

"فقه جواهری"

— Standard, traditional, and rigorous jurisprudence. Named after 'Jawahir al-Kalam'.

رهبر بر حفظ فقه جواهری تاکید دارد.

Technical/Political

"باب فقه"

— A chapter or category within jurisprudence.

این موضوع در باب فقه معاملات است.

Technical

"صاحب‌نظر در فقه"

— An expert or authority in jurisprudence.

او از صاحب‌نظران در فقه است.

Formal

"فقه گویا"

— Expressive or clear jurisprudence (less common than Pouya).

ما به یک فقه گویا نیاز داریم.

Academic

"قواعد فقهی"

— General legal maxims in jurisprudence.

قواعد فقهی راهنمای قضات هستند.

Technical

"فقه حکومتی"

— Jurisprudence applied to state governance.

فقه حکومتی در ایران اهمیت زیادی دارد.

Political

"فقه استدلالی"

— Reasoned or argumentative jurisprudence.

او به فقه استدلالی علاقه دارد.

Academic

"ملکه فقهی"

— A natural talent or ingrained habit for jurisprudential thinking.

او ملکه فقهی پیدا کرده است.

Technical

"فقه فردی"

— Jurisprudence focused on individual duties rather than social ones.

ما نباید به فقه فردی محدود شویم.

Academic

혼동하기 쉬운

فقه vs حقوق

Both mean 'Law'.

Hoquq is general/secular; Feqh is religious/jurisprudential.

او حقوق بین‌الملل می‌خواند، نه فقه.

فقه vs شریعت

Both relate to religious law.

Shariat is the law itself; Feqh is the human study of it.

فقه راهی برای فهم شریعت است.

فقه vs احکام

Both relate to legal rules.

Ahkam are the specific results; Feqh is the methodology.

او احکام را از طریق فقه می‌آموزد.

فقه vs فقیه

The person vs the subject.

Faqih is the person (jurist); Feqh is the subject (jurisprudence).

فقیه کسی است که فقه می‌داند.

فقه vs اصول

Often used together.

Osul is the logic; Feqh is the application.

او هم فقه می‌خواند و هم اصول.

문장 패턴

[Subject] [Feqh] [Verb]

او فقه می‌خواند.

[Subject] در [Feqh] [Expertise/Study]

او در فقه استاد است.

[Subject] بر پایه [Feqh] است

این قانون بر پایه فقه است.

[Subject] از منظر [Feqh] [Opinion]

این کار از منظر فقه جایز نیست.

تبیین [Feqh] در [Context]

تبیین فقه در دنیای مدرن دشوار است.

دیالکتیک [Feqh] و [Concept]

دیالکتیک فقه و اخلاق همیشگی است.

انطباق [Noun] با [Feqh]

انطباق قوانین با فقه ضروری است.

کتابِ [Feqhi]

من یک کتاب فقهی خریدم.

어휘 가족

명사

فقیه (Faqih) - Jurist

فقها (Fuqaha) - Jurists (plural)

فقاهت (Faqahat) - The quality of being a jurist

تفقه (Tafaqqoh) - Studying jurisprudence

동사

تفقه کردن (Tafaqqoh kardan) - To study jurisprudence deeply

형용사

فقهی (Feqhi) - Jurisprudential

متفقه (Motafaqqeh) - One who has gained deep understanding

사용법

frequency

High in academic, legal, and religious domains.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'Feqh' for traffic laws. → Hoquq-e Rahnamayi va Ranandegi
Traffic laws are secular administrative rules, not jurisprudential ones.
Saying 'Man feghr mikhanam'. → Man fegh mikhanam.
Adding an 'r' changes the meaning to 'I study poverty'.
Pluralizing it as 'Feqh-ha' to mean scholars. → Fuqaha
Feqh is the subject; Fuqaha are the people who study it.
Confusing 'Feqh' with 'Fekr'. → Feqh (Jurisprudence) vs Fekr (Thought).
The 'gh' and 'k' sounds are different in Persian.
Using 'Feqh' as a verb directly. → Tafaqqoh kardan or Motale'e-ye feqh.
Feqh is a noun and needs a helper verb or a specific compound form.

팁

Learn the Root

Remember the root F-Q-H. This will help you recognize related words like 'Faqih' (jurist) and 'Faqahat' (expertise in law).

Use for Formal Law

Only use 'Feqh' when discussing religious-based law. For civil, criminal, or international law, 'Hoquq' is the safer bet.

The Silent 'e'

Don't add an 'e' sound at the end. It's 'Fegh', not 'Feghe'. The word ends abruptly on the 'gh' sound.

Major Pairing

If you are a student, you might say your major is 'Feqh va Mabani-ye Hoquq' (Jurisprudence and the Foundations of Law).

News Trigger

When you hear 'Feqh' on the news, pay attention to the next word. It usually describes a new law or a council's decision.

Adjective Suffix

Adding '-i' to 'Feqh' makes it 'Feqhi'. Use this to describe books, debates, or rulings.

Seminary Life

Understand that 'Feqh' is the central subject of the 'Howzeh' (seminary). It is their equivalent of 'Medical School' or 'Law School'.

Feqh vs Sharia

Always remember: Sharia is the divine law; Feqh is the human attempt to explain it. This distinction shows high cultural literacy.

Compound Verbs

Use 'Tafaqqoh kardan' if you want to sound very literary and formal about 'studying religion deeply'.

Tone of Voice

Notice that speakers often use a more serious, deeper tone when saying 'Feqh'. It's a word that demands respect.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Feqh' as 'Facts of the High law'. The 'F' is for Facts, and the 'gh' is the deep sound of authority.

시각적 연상

Imagine a judge (Faqih) sitting in a library (Feqh) with scales of justice.

Word Web

Law Religion University Judge Rules Logic Iran Scholar

챌린지

Try to use 'Feqh' in a sentence explaining why someone is studying law in Iran.

어원

Derived from the Arabic root F-Q-H (ف-ق-ه), which originally meant 'understanding' or 'comprehension'.

원래 의미: Deep understanding or insight into any matter.

Semitic (Arabic root) used in Indo-European (Persian).

문화적 맥락

Always handle this word with respect, as it is sacred to many. Avoid using it in light or joking contexts unless you are very familiar with your audience.

In English, 'Jurisprudence' is often a niche subject in law school. In Persian, 'Feqh' is a major cultural and political pillar.

Jawahir al-Kalam (The most famous book of Feqh) The Guardian Council (Council of Jurists in Iran) Sheikh Tusi (Famous historical figure in Feqh)

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

University Major

رشته فقه و حقوق
پایان‌نامه فقه
واحد درسی فقه
دانشکده فقه

Legal Debate

از نظر فقهی
حکم فقهی
مستندات فقهی
نظریه فقهی

News/Politics

شورای نگهبان
فقه حکومتی
انطباق با فقه
فقهای برجسته

History

تاریخ فقه
مکاتب فقهی
فقهای سلف
تحول فقه

Religion

فقه عبادات
فقه معاملات
رساله فقهی
آموزش فقه

대화 시작하기

"آیا شما به مطالعه فقه علاقه دارید؟ (Are you interested in studying jurisprudence?)"

"به نظر شما فقه چگونه می‌تواند با دنیای مدرن هماهنگ شود؟ (How do you think jurisprudence can harmonize with the modern world?)"

"تفاوت اصلی فقه و حقوق در چیست؟ (What is the main difference between jurisprudence and law?)"

"آیا کتاب مشهوری در زمینه فقه می‌شناسید؟ (Do you know any famous books in the field of jurisprudence?)"

"نقش فقه در قوانین ایران چیست؟ (What is the role of jurisprudence in Iran's laws?)"

일기 주제

درباره اهمیت فقه در تاریخ ایران بنویسید. (Write about the importance of jurisprudence in the history of Iran.)

اگر می‌توانستید یک قانون فقهی را تغییر دهید، آن چه بود؟ (If you could change one jurisprudential law, what would it be?)

رابطه بین اخلاق شخصی و فقه را بررسی کنید. (Examine the relationship between personal ethics and jurisprudence.)

تجربه خود را از خواندن یک متن فقهی توصیف کنید. (Describe your experience of reading a jurisprudential text.)

چرا فقه یک رشته دانشگاهی مهم است؟ (Why is jurisprudence an important academic major?)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

In modern Persian, 'Feqh' is almost exclusively used for Islamic jurisprudence. While the word itself means 'deep understanding', its academic and legal use is tied to Islamic law. For other legal systems, 'Hoquq' is used.

Think of Sharia as the target and Feqh as the path. Sharia is the divine will, while Feqh is the human effort to understand and categorize that will into laws. Feqh can change and evolve; Sharia is often considered eternal.

Yes, it is considered one of the most difficult academic disciplines in Iran. It requires a deep knowledge of Arabic, logic, history, and linguistic analysis. Students often spend decades mastering it.

It is a voiced uvular stop. It is made in the back of the throat, similar to the French 'r' but more solid. Don't pronounce it like a 'k' or a hard 'g'.

The Iranian political system is based on 'Velayat-e Faqih', where a top jurist (Faqih) leads the country. Therefore, the principles of Feqh directly influence the constitution and governance.

Yes, many women study Feqh in universities and seminaries in Iran. They can become experts (Mujtahids) in the field, although their roles in certain official positions vary.

Only when discussing formal or religious topics. You wouldn't use it to talk about sports or cooking. It's like using the word 'jurisprudence' in English—it's for specific, serious contexts.

It translates to 'Dynamic Jurisprudence'. It is a school of thought that believes Feqh should adapt to the needs and changes of the modern world rather than remaining static.

It means the 'Principles of Jurisprudence'. It is the study of the methodology and logic used to derive laws. It's like the 'rules for making rules'.

Yes, there are many. In Iran, the Jafari school is predominant. Other major schools include Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali, mostly followed in the Sunni world.

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