§ Understanding 'کدامیک'
The Persian word کدامیک (pronoun) is straightforward. It means 'which one' or 'whichever'. You'll use it when you're asking about a specific item from a group, or when you're indicating that any choice from a group is acceptable.
- Definition
- Which one; whichever.
§ Basic Usage of 'کدامیک'
Let's look at some examples to get a feel for how کدامیک works in a sentence. It's often used in questions.
از این دو کتاب، کدامیک را میخواهی؟
این میوهها خوشمزه هستند، کدامیک را دوست داری؟
§ 'کدامیک' for 'Whichever'
Beyond asking 'which one', کدامیک can also mean 'whichever', implying a free choice without specific restriction.
کدامیک را انتخاب کنی، برای من فرقی نمیکند.
کدامیک از این لباسها را بپوشی، زیبا خواهی بود.
§ 'کدامیک' vs. 'کدام'
This is where it gets a little interesting. You might also know the word کدام which also means 'which'. So, what's the difference?
کدام (kadâm): This is a general interrogative adjective meaning 'which'. It directly modifies a noun. Think of it like 'which car', 'which house'.
کدام کتاب را میخواهی؟
Which book do you want? کدامیک (kadâm-ik): This is a pronoun meaning 'which one'. It stands in for the noun. You use it when the item being referred to is already understood from the context, or when you are asking to pick 'one' from a defined group.
از بین این کتابها، کدامیک را میخواهی؟
Among these books, which one do you want?
Think of it this way: کدام is like 'which' in 'which car', while کدامیک is like 'which one' in 'which one do you prefer?' The '-یک' (ik) suffix specifically emphasizes 'one' or 'a single item' from a group.
§ Context is Key
The context usually makes it clear whether to use کدام or کدامیک. If you've just presented a list of options or a group of items, کدامیک is the natural choice because you're asking to select 'one' from those options.
When you are introducing a question about 'which' without a preceding list or clear group, کدام is more appropriate as it acts as an adjective to the noun that follows.
در این اتاق چند پنجره است. کدامیک را باز کنم؟
Here, 'کدامیک' is perfect because the windows have already been mentioned as a group.
§ Conclusion
کدامیک is a useful pronoun for asking 'which one' or stating 'whichever'. While similar to کدام, its key distinction lies in its function as a pronoun referring to a specific item from a previously understood group. Practice using both in different contexts, and you'll quickly master their usage!
재미있는 사실
This word has remained remarkably consistent in form and meaning from Middle Persian to modern Persian. It's a fundamental interrogative pronoun that has deep roots in the language's history.
수준별 예문
از بین این کتابها، کدامیک را ترجیح میدهی؟
Among these books, which one do you prefer?
شما کدامیک از این دو مسیر را برای رسیدن به مقصد پیشنهاد میکنید؟
Which one of these two routes do you suggest for reaching the destination?
وقتی وارد فروشگاه شدیم، او پرسید: «کدامیک از این لباسها را دوست داری؟»
When we entered the store, he asked, 'Which one of these clothes do you like?'
هر کدامیک از این ایدهها که برایت بهتر است، انتخاب کن.
Choose whichever of these ideas is best for you.
کدامیک از این فیلمها را قبلاً دیدهای؟
Which one of these movies have you seen before?
برای شام، کدامیک از این غذاها را میپسندی؟
For dinner, which one of these foods do you like?
کدامیک از شماها حاضر است به من کمک کند؟
Which one of you is willing to help me?
از بین این گزینهها، کدامیک بیشتر به نیازهای شما پاسخ میدهد؟
Among these options, which one best meets your needs?
자주 혼동되는 단어
کدام (kodâm) means 'which' (general query), while کدامیک (kodâm-ik) means 'which one' (specific choice from a group).
چی (chi) means 'what' (asking for identity), while کدامیک (kodâm-ik) means 'which one' (asking for a choice).
هر کدام (har kodâm) means 'each one' or 'whichever one', often used to indicate selection of an unspecified item from a group, or to say 'each one of them'. It's similar in meaning to 'کدامیک' in some contexts, but 'کدامیک' is strictly interrogative 'which one?', whereas 'هر کدام' is more distributive/indefinite. For example, 'هر کدام از اینها' (har kodâm az inhâ) means 'each one of these'.
혼동하기 쉬운
Both 'کدام' (kodâm) and 'کدامیک' (kodâm-ik) mean 'which'. Learners often wonder when to use each.
'کدام' is a general interrogative pronoun used when asking about one or more items from a group. 'کدامیک' specifically asks 'which one' when you expect a single item as the answer from a defined group.
کدام کتاب را می خواهی؟ (Kodâm ketâb râ mikhâhi?) - Which book do you want? (Could be one or more) vs. از این کتاب ها، کدامیک را می خواهی؟ (Az in ketâbhâ, kodâm-ik râ mikhâhi?) - From these books, which one do you want? (Expecting a single choice)
Both 'چی' (chi) and 'کدامیک' are question words. 'چی' means 'what' and 'کدامیک' means 'which one'.
'چی' is used for asking about the nature or identity of something (what is it?). 'کدامیک' is used for choosing from a specified group (which one from these?).
این چیست؟ (In chist?) - What is this? vs. از اینها، کدامیک بهتر است؟ (Az inhâ, kodâm-ik behtar ast?) - From these, which one is better?
'هر' (har) means 'every' or 'each', which can sometimes feel related to choosing from a group, similar to 'کدامیک'.
'هر' refers to all members of a group individually, implying no selection. 'کدامیک' is about selecting a specific single member from a group.
هر روز درس می خوانم. (Har ruz dars mikhânam.) - I study every day. vs. از بین اینها، کدامیک را انتخاب می کنی؟ (Az beyn-e inhâ, kodâm-ik râ entekhâb mikoni?) - From among these, which one do you choose?
'این' (in) means 'this', and learners might confuse it when trying to point to something specific, similar to how 'کدامیک' helps specify.
'این' is a demonstrative pronoun, pointing to a specific, nearby item. 'کدامیک' is an interrogative pronoun used to ask for a choice from a group.
این کتاب خوب است. (In ketâb khub ast.) - This book is good. vs. از بین کتاب ها، کدامیک را می خواهی؟ (Az beyn-e ketâbhâ, kodâm-ik râ mikhâhi?) - From among the books, which one do you want?
Similar to 'این', 'آن' (ân) means 'that'. Both 'آن' and 'کدامیک' can refer to specific items, leading to confusion.
'آن' is a demonstrative pronoun, pointing to a specific, further item. 'کدامیک' is an interrogative pronoun used to ask for a choice from a group.
آن ماشین گران است. (ÂN mâshin gerân ast.) - That car is expensive. vs. از بین ماشین ها، کدامیک را می خواهی؟ (Az beyn-e mâshinhâ, kodâm-ik râ mikhâhi?) - From among the cars, which one do you want?
팁
Basic Usage of کدامیک
When you want to ask 'which one' in Persian, you use 'کدامیک'. It's straightforward and commonly used.
Plurality with کدامیک
Even if you're referring to multiple items, 'کدامیک' itself doesn't change for plurality. The context makes it clear if you mean 'which one' out of many, or 'which ones'.
کدامیک vs. کدام
'کدام' means 'which' and is followed by a noun (e.g., 'کدام کتاب' - which book). 'کدامیک' means 'which one' and stands alone or refers to a previously mentioned group.
Answering with Specificity
When someone asks 'کدامیک؟' (Which one?), you can respond with the specific item, or use a demonstrative like 'این' (this one) or 'آن' (that one).
Pronunciation Practice
Practice saying 'کدامیک' (koh-DAH-mik) aloud. The 'DAH' syllable is stressed. Good pronunciation will help you be understood. Focus on the 'dah' sound.
Don't Confuse with Quantifiers
Do not confuse 'کدامیک' with words that mean 'some' or 'any'. It's strictly for asking to identify one from a selection.
Everyday Conversation
You'll hear 'کدامیک' in everyday conversations, like when choosing an item in a store, or deciding between options. It's a very common word.
Forming Questions
To form a question with 'کدامیک', you simply place it where you want to ask about the choice. No complicated grammar changes. It's used to directly ask 'which one?'
Using 'هر کدامیک'
Sometimes you'll hear 'هر کدامیک' which means 'whichever one' or 'any one'. This implies a choice from a group, without specifying a particular one. It's a slightly more advanced usage.
어원
Middle Persian
원래 의미: which one, whichever
Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian > Western Iranian > Persian문화적 맥락
When asking someone to choose between options, <strong>کدامیک</strong> is frequently used. For example, if you're offering someone two types of fruit, you might ask, "<strong>کدامیک را میخواهید؟</strong>" (Which one do you want?). It's a very common and practical word in everyday conversation.
셀프 테스트 42 질문
شما ___ کتاب را می خواهید؟ (Which book do you want?)
To ask 'which one' when referring to a specific item from a group, 'کدامیک' is the appropriate pronoun.
از این همه رنگ، ___ را انتخاب می کنی؟ (Out of all these colors, which one do you choose?)
When asking someone to select one item from a given set, 'کدامیک' is used.
وقتی به تهران می روی، ___ از جاها را بازدید می کنی؟ (When you go to Tehran, which of the places will you visit?)
Here, 'کدامیک' asks for a selection of places from a larger group.
این دو لباس قشنگ هستند، اما ___ را می پوشی؟ (These two dresses are beautiful, but which one will you wear?)
'کدامیک' is used to inquire about the choice between two or more options.
او پرسید: '___ از شما انگلیسی صحبت می کنید؟' (He asked: 'Which one of you speaks English?')
To ask 'which one' when referring to a person from a group, 'کدامیک' is correct.
مهم نیست ___ از اینها را دوست داری، فقط یکی را انتخاب کن. (It doesn't matter which one of these you like, just choose one.)
'کدامیک' is used here in the sense of 'whichever' when a specific choice isn't critical.
This sentence asks 'Which one do you like?' in a polite way.
This means 'Which book did he/she buy?'
This translates to 'Among these, which one is better?'
Listen to the question asking about which of these books someone has read.
Listen for someone asking who among a group is coming.
Listen to the sentence about deciding which one is better.
Read this aloud:
کدامیک را ترجیح میدهید: چای یا قهوه؟
Focus: کدامیک
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
کدامیک از دوستانت به مهمانی آمدند؟
Focus: دوستانت
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
میتوانید به من بگویید کدامیک درست است؟
Focus: درست است
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This is a common way to ask 'Which one do you prefer?' in Persian, maintaining the subject-object-verb structure.
The sentence asks 'Out of these books, which one is better to start with?', following a logical order for a question.
This sentence means 'Among these colors, which one suits you best?' and maintains the natural flow of Persian grammar.
از بین این همه کتاب، ____ را برای هدیه انتخاب میکنی؟ (From all these books, which one will you choose as a gift?)
The sentence asks to choose one from a group, so 'کدامیک' (which one) is the appropriate pronoun.
در این شرایط سخت، ____ از راهحلها به ما کمک خواهد کرد؟ (In these difficult circumstances, which one of the solutions will help us?)
The question is about identifying a specific solution from multiple options, making 'کدامیک' (which one) the correct choice.
وقتی بین دو گزینه مردد هستید، چگونه تصمیم میگیرید ____ بهتر است؟ (When you are hesitant between two options, how do you decide which one is better?)
The sentence is about choosing between two options, so 'کدامیک' (which one) is suitable here.
از بین این دو مسیر، ____ به مقصد نزدیکتر است؟ (Between these two paths, which one is closer to the destination?)
To ask about one specific path out of two, 'کدامیک' (which one) is the correct pronoun.
هنگام خرید لباس، معمولاً ____ را انتخاب میکنید: رنگ روشن یا تیره؟ (When buying clothes, which one do you usually choose: light or dark colors?)
The question asks for a choice between two options (light or dark colors), hence 'کدامیک' (which one) is appropriate.
از بین تمام شهرهایی که دیدهای، ____ را بیشتر دوست داری؟ (Of all the cities you've seen, which one do you like the most?)
The sentence is asking to identify a specific city from a group, so 'کدامیک' (which one) is the correct choice.
This sentence asks 'Which one of these books have you read?' and tests the correct placement of 'کدامیک' in a question about selection.
This exercise tests understanding of 'کدامیک' in an indirect question: 'He said which one of the suggestions is better.'
This sentence asks 'Between these two movies, which one do you prefer?' and focuses on the use of 'کدامیک' for choosing between options.
مدیر شرکت اعلام کرد که برای حل این بحران، تمام کارمندان باید در تصمیمگیریها مشارکت کنند، اما مشخص نکرد که _______ از پیشنهادات به مرحله اجرا درخواهد آمد.
The sentence discusses a situation where multiple suggestions might be made, and the blank asks 'which one' or 'which of them' will be implemented, making 'کدامیک' the most appropriate choice. 'هرکدام' means 'each one' (distributive), 'هیچکدام' means 'none', and 'اینها' means 'these'.
در میان نظریات مختلفی که درباره منشأ جهان مطرح شده است، _______ به حقیقت نزدیکتر به نظر میرسد، گرچه هنوز اثبات قطعی وجود ندارد.
Here, the sentence implies a selection from various theories, asking 'which one' among them seems closer to the truth. 'کدامیک' fits this context perfectly. 'برخی' means 'some', 'چندتا' means 'a few', and 'این' means 'this'.
پس از ساعتها بحث و تبادل نظر، هنوز به توافق نرسیدهایم که _______ از راهحلهای پیشنهادی برای مشکل آلودگی هوا مناسبتر است.
The context indicates a dilemma of choosing from several proposed solutions, thus 'which one' (کدامیک) is the correct word to inquire about the most suitable option. 'هیچکدام' means 'none', 'آنها' means 'they/them', and 'همه' means 'all'.
در مسابقه شعرخوانی، داوران با دقت به اجرای شرکتکنندگان گوش فرا دادند تا بتوانند _______ از آنها را به عنوان برنده انتخاب کنند.
The sentence describes judges making a choice among participants, so 'which one' (کدامیک) is used to refer to the individual winner. 'یکتا' means 'unique', 'همگی' means 'all of them', and 'عدهای' means 'a group of people'.
در این نمایشگاه هنری، آثار متنوعی از هنرمندان مختلف به نمایش گذاشته شده است و واقعاً انتخاب دشوار است که _______ از این آثار بیشترین تأثیر را بر بیننده میگذارد.
The statement expresses difficulty in choosing from various artworks, asking 'which one' (کدامیک) has the most impact. 'تمامی' means 'all', 'بعضی' means 'some', and 'مقدار' means 'amount/quantity'.
با وجود تنوع بینظیر غذاهای محلی در این منطقه، هنوز نمیتوانم تصمیم بگیرم که برای شام _______ را سفارش دهم.
The sentence indicates a choice from a variety of local foods, thus 'which one' (کدامیک) is used to decide what to order for dinner. 'چندتا' means 'a few', 'همین' means 'this very one', and 'فقط' means 'only'.
/ 42 correct
Perfect score!
Basic Usage of کدامیک
When you want to ask 'which one' in Persian, you use 'کدامیک'. It's straightforward and commonly used.
Plurality with کدامیک
Even if you're referring to multiple items, 'کدامیک' itself doesn't change for plurality. The context makes it clear if you mean 'which one' out of many, or 'which ones'.
کدامیک vs. کدام
'کدام' means 'which' and is followed by a noun (e.g., 'کدام کتاب' - which book). 'کدامیک' means 'which one' and stands alone or refers to a previously mentioned group.
Answering with Specificity
When someone asks 'کدامیک؟' (Which one?), you can respond with the specific item, or use a demonstrative like 'این' (this one) or 'آن' (that one).
관련 콘텐츠
general 관련 단어
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1Conforming to the usual or standard type; normal or ordinary.
عافیت
B2Well-being; the state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.
عاجل
B2Requiring immediate attention or action; urgent.
عاقبت
C1The outcome or result of an action or event.
عاقل
A1Having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment; wise.
عالمگیر
C1Universal, worldwide, or affecting all parts of the world.
عالی
A1Excellent; extremely good or outstanding.
عام
B1General, common, public.
اعم از
B2Including; whether (used to introduce options).
