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سود ناخالص

B2 noun 11분 분량

سود ناخالص

sud-e nalekhas

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 سود ناخالص 30초 만에

설명 سود ناخالص in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about complex accounting. Think of 'Sud' as 'good result' or 'money made'. 'Nākholes' is like 'everything together'. If you sell a sandwich for 10 dollars and the bread and meat cost 4 dollars, the 6 dollars you have left is your 'Sud-e nākholes'. It is the first step of counting your money. Just remember: Sud = Profit, Nākholes = Gross (before taking out extra costs). You might see this word in very simple shop signs or basic math problems in Persian. It is a big word, but the idea is simple: 'The money you keep before paying for the shop and workers.'

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you can start using 'Sud-e nākholes' in simple sentences about business. You should know that 'Sud' means profit and 'nākholes' means gross. You can say things like 'My profit is good' (Sud-e man khub ast). In A2, we learn that Persian words often join together with an 'e' sound. So, Sud + nākholes becomes Sud-e nākholes. You might hear this when talking to a shopkeeper or a friend about a small job. It is important to know this is different from 'Sud-e khāles' (net profit), which is the money you actually take home. Focus on the spelling: S-U-D (سود) and N-A-KH-O-L-E-S (ناخالص).

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At the B1 level, you are becoming an intermediate learner. You should understand that 'Sud-e nākholes' is a technical term used in business. You should be able to explain what it means in Persian: 'The money from selling things minus the cost of making them.' You will encounter this term in news articles about the economy or in simple business conversations. You should also start using collocations like 'mohāsebe-ye sud-e nākholes' (calculation of gross profit). At this level, you are expected to distinguish between 'revenue' (darāmad) and 'gross profit' (sud-e nākholes). If a company has high revenue but low gross profit, it means their production costs are too high.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, you should use 'Sud-e nākholes' with confidence in professional contexts. You understand that this figure is found on an income statement (surat-e sud o ziyān). You can discuss 'gross profit margins' (hāshiyeh-ye sud-e nākholes) and how they affect a company's ability to cover its operating expenses (hazine-hā-ye amalyāti). You should be able to read a financial report in a Persian newspaper and identify the gross profit. You also understand the nuance of the word 'nākholes'—that it implies something unrefined or inclusive of other elements. You can use it in complex sentences with sub-clauses, such as 'Even though the gross profit increased, the net profit decreased due to high taxes.'

At the C1 level, you are expected to have a near-native command of financial terminology. You can use 'Sud-e nākholes' to engage in deep discussions about corporate strategy, industrial efficiency, and economic trends. You understand its relationship with 'EBITDA' and other advanced metrics. You can critique a company's financial health by analyzing the trend of its gross profit over several years. You are familiar with synonyms like 'darāmad-e nāvije' and can explain the historical and linguistic roots of the term. You can write formal business proposals in Persian where 'sud-e nākholes' is a key part of the financial projections, and you can defend these figures in a meeting.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have mastered the term and its entire conceptual ecosystem. You can use 'Sud-e nākholes' in academic writing, legal documents, or high-level economic analysis. You understand the subtle differences in how the term might be applied in different industries (e.g., manufacturing vs. services). You can interpret the implications of 'sud-e nākholes' in the context of international accounting standards (IFRS) vs. Iranian local standards. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native financial expert. You can use the term metaphorically or in complex rhetorical structures to discuss the 'gross benefit' of a social policy or a large-scale national project.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

سود ناخالص 30초 만에

Gross profit (Sud-e nākholes) is the initial profit calculated by subtracting direct production costs from total sales revenue.
It is a key financial metric used in Persian business to measure the efficiency of core operations and product markups.
The term consists of 'Sud' (profit) and 'nākholes' (gross/impure), distinguishing it from 'Sud-e khāles' (net profit).
Understanding this word is essential for reading Iranian financial reports, stock market news, and participating in corporate discussions.

The term سود ناخالص (Sud-e nākholes) is a fundamental pillar of Persian business and financial terminology. To understand this phrase, one must decompose it into its constituent parts: Sud, meaning profit, benefit, or interest, and nākholes, which translates to gross, impure, or unrefined. In a commercial context, it represents the raw profit a business generates after subtracting the direct costs associated with producing or purchasing the goods sold, but before accounting for overheads, taxes, or interest payments.

Linguistic Root: The word 'Sud' has deep roots in Middle Persian (Pahlavi) as 'sūt', consistently signifying gain. 'Nākholes' combines the Persian negative prefix 'nā-' with the Arabic-derived 'khāles' (pure), creating a concept of something that has not yet been 'purified' or 'filtered' of its secondary costs.

In the modern Iranian marketplace, from the bustling corridors of the Grand Bazaar in Tehran to the digital interfaces of the Tehran Stock Exchange (Bourse), this term is used to evaluate the core efficiency of a business's production or trading activity. It is the first major indicator of financial health on an income statement. When a business owner says their sud-e nākholes is high, they are indicating that their markup over the cost of goods is substantial, though this does not necessarily mean the business is profitable overall once other expenses are considered.

مدیر مالی گزارش داد که سود ناخالص شرکت در سه ماهه اول سال بیست درصد افزایش یافته است.

Translation: The financial manager reported that the company's gross profit increased by twenty percent in the first quarter of the year.

Historically, the concept of 'gross' vs. 'net' in Persian trade was often described through metaphors of weight and measure. A merchant might speak of the 'gross weight' of a shipment before the tare (weight of the container) is removed. Similarly, sud-e nākholes is the profit 'with the container'—the container being the administrative and operational costs that have yet to be subtracted to find the 'pure' or net profit (sud-e khāles).

The use of this term extends beyond formal accounting. In casual entrepreneurship, Iranians might use it to discuss the viability of a new venture. For instance, if someone is selling handicrafts, they might calculate the sud-e nākholes by subtracting the cost of wood and paint from the selling price. This provides a quick snapshot of the 'value added' by their labor before they worry about the cost of rent for their workshop or the electricity used.

Economic Context: In the context of Iran's high-inflation economy, monitoring sud-e nākholes is critical. As the cost of raw materials (the 'nākholes' part of the equation) fluctuates rapidly, businesses must adjust prices frequently to maintain a sustainable margin.

بدون محاسبه دقیق سود ناخالص، نمی‌توان قیمت‌گذاری درستی انجام داد.

Translation: Without an accurate calculation of gross profit, one cannot perform correct pricing.

Furthermore, the term is frequently encountered in the Persian media when discussing the performance of large state-owned enterprises or private conglomerates. Headlines often highlight the sud-e nākholes to paint a picture of industrial productivity. It serves as a benchmark for comparing companies within the same sector, as it strips away the variables of tax strategy and debt structure, focusing purely on the profitability of the core product or service.

In summary, sud-e nākholes is more than just a line item; it is a linguistic bridge between traditional Persian trade logic and modern international accounting standards. It encapsulates the transition from the 'impure' total to the 'pure' residue of business effort.

Using سود ناخالص correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a compound noun (Ezafe construction). The word Sud (profit) is linked to nākholes (gross) via the short 'e' sound (the Ezafe), which is written as a small stroke under the last letter of 'Sud' or often omitted in writing but always pronounced.

Formal Reporting: In formal reports, it often appears as the subject of a sentence describing growth or decline. Example: 'سود ناخالص شرکت امسال با کاهش روبرو شد' (The company's gross profit faced a decrease this year).

When discussing financial analysis, you might use verbs like mohāsebe kardan (to calculate), afzāyesh dādan (to increase), or tahlil kardan (to analyze). For instance, 'ما باید سود ناخالص هر محصول را به صورت جداگانه تحلیل کنیم' (We must analyze the gross profit of each product separately).

برای رسیدن به سود ناخالص مطلوب، باید هزینه‌های تولید را کنترل کنیم.

Translation: To reach the desired gross profit, we must control production costs.

In more complex sentences, sud-e nākholes can be modified by adjectives like salāneh (annual), māhāneh (monthly), or pish-bini shodeh (projected). For example: 'سود ناخالص پیش‌بینی شده برای سال آینده بسیار امیدوارکننده است' (The projected gross profit for next year is very promising).

Comparative Usage: It is frequently used in comparisons using 'nesbat be' (relative to). Example: 'سود ناخالص ما نسبت به رقیبان کمتر است' (Our gross profit is lower relative to our competitors).

In a conversational business setting, an entrepreneur might ask: 'حاشیه سود ناخالص شما چقدر است؟' (What is your gross profit margin?). Here, 'hāshiyeh' (margin) is added to create a more specific financial metric. This demonstrates how the core term acts as a building block for more advanced business Persian.

اگر سود ناخالص کافی نباشد، شرکت نمی‌تواند هزینه‌های اداری را پوشش دهد.

Translation: If the gross profit is not sufficient, the company cannot cover administrative expenses.

Finally, when writing about economic trends, you might see it linked to broader concepts like tavarrom (inflation). 'تورم باعث شده است که سود ناخالص بسیاری از صنایع کوچک کاهش یابد' (Inflation has caused the gross profit of many small industries to decrease). This shows how the word is used to link microeconomic performance with macroeconomic conditions.

The term سود ناخالص is ubiquitous in several specific spheres of Iranian life. If you are learning Persian for professional reasons, these are the primary environments where you will encounter it.

News and Media: Economic news broadcasts on IRIB (Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting) and specialized channels like 'Shabakeh Khabar' (News Network) frequently use this term when reporting on the quarterly results of major companies, especially those listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.

In the world of Persian-language financial journalism, newspapers such as Donya-e-Eqtesad (The World of Economy) or Etemad feature analytical pieces where sud-e nākholes is used to critique government policies or industrial performance. You will see it in charts, infographics, and lead paragraphs of financial earnings reports.

در اخبار بورس شنیدم که سود ناخالص صنایع پتروشیمی رکورد زده است.

Translation: I heard in the stock market news that the gross profit of the petrochemical industries has hit a record.

Academic and educational settings are another common venue. Students of accounting (hesābdāri), management (modiriyat), and economics (eqtesād) in Iranian universities spend significant time learning how to derive this figure. Textbooks will define it as 'Revenue minus COGS' (Cost of Goods Sold - bahā-ye tamām shode-ye kālā-ye forukhte shode).

Corporate Meetings: Inside any modern Iranian office, during budget planning sessions or performance reviews, you will hear managers debating the sud-e nākholes. It is a key KPI (Key Performance Indicator) discussed in 'jalasāt-e hey'at modireh' (board of directors meetings).

Furthermore, in the startup ecosystem of Iran (centered around hubs like the Pardis Technology Park), entrepreneurs pitching to VCs (Venture Capitalists) will invariably be asked about their sud-e nākholes. It is seen as a measure of the scalability of their business model.

سرمایه‌گذار پرسید: سود ناخالص شما برای پوشش هزینه‌های بازاریابی کافی است؟

Translation: The investor asked: Is your gross profit sufficient to cover marketing expenses?

Even in the traditional Bazaar, while the terminology might be less formal, the concept is central. A 'Hajji' (a respected elder merchant) might not use the academic term 'nākholes' every day, but he will certainly talk about the profit 'ghabl az hazineh-hā' (before expenses), which is exactly what sud-e nākholes represents.

Learning financial Persian involves navigating subtle distinctions. Here are the most common pitfalls English speakers and even native Persian students encounter when using سود ناخالص.

Confusion with Net Profit: The most frequent error is confusing 'Sud-e nākholes' (Gross Profit) with 'Sud-e khāles' (Net Profit). Remember: 'Nākholes' is 'unrefined'—it still contains the 'impurities' of operating costs and taxes. 'Khāles' is the final 'pure' amount that goes into the owner's pocket.

Another common mistake is confusing Sud-e nākholes with Darāmad (Revenue). Revenue is the total amount of money received from sales. Gross profit is Revenue minus the Cost of Goods Sold. If you say 'Our gross profit was one million dollars' when you actually mean 'We sold one million dollars worth of goods', you are significantly overstating the business's success.

اشتباه متداول: استفاده از سود ناخالص به جای درآمد کل.

Translation: Common mistake: Using 'gross profit' instead of 'total revenue'.

Grammatically, learners often forget the Ezafe. They might say 'Sud nākholes' instead of 'Sud-e nākholes'. While understandable, it sounds clipped and non-native. In writing, ensure you don't confuse the spelling of khāles (pure) with similar-sounding words like khallāgh (creative) or khāsh-khāsh (poppy seed), though these are less likely in a business context.

Misunderstanding 'Nākholes': In some contexts, 'nākholes' means 'fake' or 'adulterated' (like honey with sugar). A learner might think 'sud-e nākholes' means 'fake profit' or 'illicit gain'. This is incorrect. In finance, it is a strictly technical term for 'gross'.

Learners also struggle with the placement of the term in a sentence. Persian usually places the subject at the beginning and the verb at the end. Forgetting this and trying to mirror English word order ('The gross profit was...') can lead to awkward phrasing like 'Bud sud-e nākholes...' which is completely wrong.

بسیاری از دانشجویان سود ناخالص را با سود عملیاتی اشتباه می‌گیرند.

Translation: Many students mistake gross profit for operating profit.

Finally, ensure you are using the correct Persian numerals if writing a report. Mixing Western numerals with Persian text is common in some modern contexts but can look unprofessional in formal accounting documents where the sud-e nākholes figure is paramount.

To truly master the vocabulary of Persian finance, you must understand how سود ناخالص relates to other similar terms. This helps you choose the most precise word for your specific context.

Sud-e Khāles (سود خالص): The most direct alternative and the 'other half' of the profit story. This is Net Profit. Use this when you are talking about the final bottom line after all expenses, including taxes and interest, have been paid.
Darāmad (درآمد): Meaning Revenue or Income. This is the 'top line'. It is the total money collected before any costs are subtracted. It is the starting point for calculating gross profit.
Sud-e Amalyāti (سود عملیاتی): Operating Profit. This is the profit after subtracting both the cost of goods sold and operating expenses (like rent and salaries), but before interest and taxes. It is more 'refined' than gross profit but less than net profit.

In some older or more traditional texts, you might encounter manfa'at (benefit/gain) instead of sud. While manfa'at is still used, sud is the standard in modern accounting. Similarly, bahreh is used for 'interest' (like on a loan), so be careful not to use 'sud-e nākholes' when you mean 'gross interest income'.

تفاوت بین سود ناخالص و سود عملیاتی در هزینه‌های اداری و فروش نهفته است.

Translation: The difference between gross profit and operating profit lies in administrative and selling expenses.

Another term to be aware of is Hāshiyeh-ye Sud (Profit Margin). You will often see hāshiyeh-ye sud-e nākholes (gross profit margin), which is the percentage of revenue that exceeds the cost of goods sold. This is a ratio, whereas sud-e nākholes is usually an absolute currency amount.

Navije (ناویژه): This is a more academic or formal synonym for 'nākholes' in certain technical contexts, though it is much rarer. You might see 'darāmad-e nāvije' meaning gross income.

When discussing personal finances rather than corporate ones, people often use dasti or pāk (clean/pure) to mean net. However, in any professional setting, stick to sud-e nākholes and sud-e khāles to ensure you are taken seriously.

Understanding these distinctions is the difference between a beginner and an advanced speaker of business Persian. Each term provides a different lens through which to view the financial health of an entity.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In old Persian medicine, 'nākholes' could refer to a medicine that was mixed with other substances and not yet refined. This concept of 'unrefined' was later adopted by accountants to describe profit before expenses are 'filtered' out.

발음 가이드

UK /suːd-e nɒːˈxɒːles/

US /sud-e nɑˈxɑlɛs/

The primary stress is on the last syllable of 'nākholes' (les). A secondary stress is on 'Sud'.

라임이 맞는 단어

رود (Rud - River) سرود (Sorud - Song) خالص (Khāles - Pure) ناقص (Nāqes - Incomplete) شاخص (Shākhes - Index) مخلص (Mokhles - Sincere) درود (Dorud - Greeting) تار و پود (Tār-o-pud - Warp and weft)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'Sud' like 'sud' in 'suds' (it should be a long 'oo').
Ignoring the Ezafe 'e' between the two words.
Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k' sound.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable of 'nākholes'.
Shortening the 'ā' sounds in 'nākholes'.

난이도

독해 4/5

Requires knowledge of financial terminology and the Ezafe construction.

쓰기 5/5

Spelling 'nākholes' correctly and using it in formal sentence structures is challenging.

말하기 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward once 'kh' is mastered, but using it naturally in business talk takes practice.

듣기 4/5

Often spoken quickly in news reports, making it hard to catch among other numbers.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

سود (Profit) هزینه (Cost) فروش (Sale) درآمد (Revenue) خالص (Net/Pure)

다음에 배울 것

سود عملیاتی (Operating Profit) ترازنامه (Balance Sheet) مالیات بر درآمد (Income Tax) استهلاک (Depreciation) حقوق صاحبان سهام (Equity)

고급

جریان نقدی (Cash Flow) بازگشت سرمایه (ROI) نقطه سربه‌سر (Break-even Point) ارزش افزوده (Value Added) حسابرسی (Auditing)

알아야 할 문법

Ezafe Construction

سودِ ناخالص (Sud-e nākholes). The 'e' links the noun and adjective.

Compound Noun Pluralization

سودهای ناخالص. Only the first part 'Sud' takes the plural 'hā'.

Formal vs. Informal Verbs

افزایش یافت (Formal) vs. زیاد شد (Informal) for 'increased'.

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

ما سود ناخالص را حساب کردیم. 'rā' follows the entire phrase.

Adjective Placement

In Persian, adjectives like 'nākholes' always follow the noun 'Sud'.

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수준별 예문

سود ناخالص این بستنی فروشی زیاد است.

The gross profit of this ice cream shop is a lot.

Simple Ezafe construction 'Sud-e nākholes'.

آیا سود ناخالص را حساب کردی؟

Did you calculate the gross profit?

Simple past tense 'hesāb kardi'.

سود ناخالص یعنی پول منهای هزینه.

Gross profit means money minus cost.

Usage of 'ya'ni' to define a concept.

این شرکت سود ناخالص کمی دارد.

This company has little gross profit.

Adjective 'kam' (little/low) modifying the noun phrase.

سود ناخالص ما امروز خوب بود.

Our gross profit was good today.

Possessive pronoun 'mā' (our).

او سود ناخالص را دوست دارد.

He likes gross profit.

Direct object marker 'rā' after the noun phrase.

سود ناخالص چیست؟

What is gross profit?

Question word 'chist' (what is).

ما سود ناخالص می‌خواهیم.

We want gross profit.

Present continuous sense 'mikhāhim' (we want).

سود ناخالص فروشگاه در ماه گذشته افزایش یافت.

The store's gross profit increased last month.

Formal verb 'afzāyesh yāft' (increased).

او می‌خواهد سود ناخالص خود را بیشتر کند.

He wants to increase his gross profit.

Reflexive pronoun 'khod' (his own).

قیمت بالا باعث سود ناخالص بیشتر می‌شود.

High prices cause more gross profit.

Causative structure 'bā'es... mishavad'.

سود ناخالص ما از هزینه تولید بیشتر است.

Our gross profit is more than the production cost.

Comparative 'bishtar az' (more than).

آنها درباره سود ناخالص صحبت می‌کنند.

They are talking about gross profit.

Preposition 'darbāre-ye' (about).

سود ناخالص این محصول ده درصد است.

The gross profit of this product is ten percent.

Numerical percentage 'dah darsad'.

کتاب حسابداری درباره سود ناخالص توضیح می‌دهد.

The accounting book explains gross profit.

Verb 'tovzih dādan' (to explain).

ما باید سود ناخالص را هر روز چک کنیم.

We must check the gross profit every day.

Modal verb 'bāyad' (must).

برای محاسبه سود ناخالص، هزینه‌های مستقیم را از درآمد کم کنید.

To calculate gross profit, subtract direct costs from revenue.

Imperative 'kam konid' (subtract).

سود ناخالص نشان‌دهنده کارایی تولید در کارخانه است.

Gross profit represents the production efficiency in the factory.

Present participle 'neshān-dahande' (representing).

کاهش سود ناخالص می‌تواند زنگ خطری برای شرکت باشد.

A decrease in gross profit can be a warning sign for the company.

Potential 'mitavānad bāshad' (can be).

مدیر عامل از میزان سود ناخالص در نیمه اول سال راضی بود.

The CEO was satisfied with the amount of gross profit in the first half of the year.

Preposition 'az' used with 'rāzi' (satisfied with).

سود ناخالص این پروژه کمتر از حد انتظار ما بود.

The gross profit of this project was less than our expectation.

Compound noun 'had-de entezār' (limit of expectation).

آیا سود ناخالص شامل هزینه‌های بازاریابی هم می‌شود؟

Does gross profit also include marketing expenses?

Verb 'shāmel shodan' (to include).

گزارش‌های مالی بر اهمیت سود ناخالص تأکید دارند.

Financial reports emphasize the importance of gross profit.

Verb 'ta'kid dāštan' (to emphasize).

سود ناخالص بالا به معنای مدیریت خوب منابع است.

High gross profit means good resource management.

Phrase 'be ma'nā-ye' (meaning/to the meaning of).

تحلیل حاشیه سود ناخالص برای درک رقابت‌پذیری شرکت ضروری است.

Analyzing the gross profit margin is essential for understanding the company's competitiveness.

Gerund 'tahlil' (analyzing) as the subject.

تغییر در قیمت مواد اولیه مستقیماً بر سود ناخالص تأثیر می‌گذارد.

Changes in raw material prices directly affect gross profit.

Adverb 'mostaqiman' (directly).

شرکت توانست با کاهش ضایعات، سود ناخالص خود را بهبود بخشد.

The company was able to improve its gross profit by reducing waste.

Infinitive 'bebud bakhshad' (to improve).

سود ناخالص به تنهایی برای ارزیابی نهایی عملکرد مالی کافی نیست.

Gross profit alone is not sufficient for the final evaluation of financial performance.

Phrase 'be tanhāyi' (alone/by itself).

در این صنعت، سود ناخالص معمولاً بین بیست تا سی درصد متغیر است.

In this industry, gross profit usually varies between twenty to thirty percent.

Adjective 'motaghayer' (variable).

بسیاری از استارتاپ‌ها در ابتدا سود ناخالص منفی دارند.

Many startups have negative gross profit at the beginning.

Adjective 'manfi' (negative).

سود ناخالص باید بتواند هزینه‌های ثابت و متغیر را پوشش دهد.

Gross profit must be able to cover fixed and variable costs.

Compound verbs 'pushesh dādan' (to cover).

گزارش حسابرس نشان داد که سود ناخالص به درستی محاسبه نشده است.

The auditor's report showed that the gross profit was not calculated correctly.

Passive voice 'mohāsebe nashode ast'.

نوسانات ارزی چالش‌های جدی برای حفظ ثبات سود ناخالص ایجاد کرده است.

Currency fluctuations have created serious challenges for maintaining gross profit stability.

Abstract noun 'novasānāt' (fluctuations).

استراتژی قیمت‌گذاری تهاجمی ممکن است سود ناخالص را در کوتاه‌مدت فدا کند.

An aggressive pricing strategy might sacrifice gross profit in the short term.

Adverbial phrase 'dar kuta-moddat' (in the short term).

بهینه‌سازی زنجیره تأمین نقشی کلیدی در افزایش سود ناخالص ایفا می‌کند.

Supply chain optimization plays a key role in increasing gross profit.

Idiomatic expression 'naqsh... ifā kardan' (to play a role).

تحلیل حساسیت نشان می‌دهد که سود ناخالص به قیمت انرژی بسیار وابسته است.

Sensitivity analysis shows that gross profit is highly dependent on energy prices.

Compound noun 'tahlil-e hassāsiyat' (sensitivity analysis).

شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان معمولاً سود ناخالص بالاتری نسبت به صنایع سنتی دارند.

Knowledge-based companies usually have higher gross profit compared to traditional industries.

Adjective 'dānesh-bonyān' (knowledge-based).

سود ناخالص تعدیل شده، دیدگاه دقیق‌تری از واقعیت اقتصادی ارائه می‌دهد.

Adjusted gross profit provides a more accurate view of economic reality.

Past participle 'ta'dil shode' (adjusted).

سقوط تقاضا در بازار جهانی منجر به کاهش بی‌سابقه سود ناخالص شد.

The drop in global demand led to an unprecedented decrease in gross profit.

Adjective 'bi-sābeqe' (unprecedented).

شفافیت در اعلام سود ناخالص اعتماد سرمایه‌گذاران را جلب می‌کند.

Transparency in declaring gross profit attracts investor confidence.

Verb 'jalb kardan' (to attract/draw).

پیچیدگی‌های مالیاتی در مناطق آزاد تجاری، نحوه محاسبه سود ناخالص را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد.

Tax complexities in free trade zones affect the way gross profit is calculated.

Prepositional phrase 'tahte ta'sir qarār dādan' (to affect).

واگرایی میان سود ناخالص و سود خالص نشان‌دهنده هزینه‌های سربار کمرشکن است.

The divergence between gross profit and net profit indicates backbreaking overhead costs.

Metaphorical adjective 'kamar-shekan' (backbreaking).

در تحلیل بنیادی، سود ناخالص به عنوان معیاری برای ارزیابی مزیت رقابتی پایدار نگریسته می‌شود.

In fundamental analysis, gross profit is viewed as a metric for evaluating sustainable competitive advantage.

Passive structure 'negriste mishavad' (is viewed).

ادغام شرکت‌ها می‌تواند از طریق هم‌افزایی، سود ناخالص ترکیبی را ارتقا دهد.

Mergers can enhance combined gross profit through synergy.

Abstract noun 'ham-afzāyi' (synergy).

سود ناخالص در مدل‌های اقتصادی کلان به عنوان تابعی از بهره‌وری نیروی کار تعریف می‌شود.

Gross profit in macroeconomic models is defined as a function of labor productivity.

Mathematical term 'tābe'' (function).

دستکاری در ارقام سود ناخالص می‌تواند پیامدهای حقوقی سنگینی برای هیئت مدیره داشته باشد.

Manipulating gross profit figures can have heavy legal consequences for the board of directors.

Gerund 'dast-kāri' (manipulation).

تغییر پارادایم در مصرف، ساختار سود ناخالص را در صنعت خرده‌فروشی دگرگون کرده است.

A paradigm shift in consumption has transformed the gross profit structure in the retail industry.

Verb 'degargun kardan' (to transform).

سود ناخالص، فارغ از مداخلات حسابداری، جوهره اصلی ارزش‌آفرینی در یک بنگاه اقتصادی است.

Gross profit, regardless of accounting interventions, is the core essence of value creation in an economic enterprise.

Prepositional phrase 'fāreg az' (regardless of).

동의어

سود ویژه درآمد ناویژه منفعت ناخالص عایدی ناخالص بهره ناخالص سود عملیاتی (Related) سود کثیف (Slang/Metaphorical) سود بازرگانی

반의어

سود خالص زیان ناخالص هزینه تمام شده ضرر خالص

자주 쓰는 조합

محاسبه سود ناخالص

حاشیه سود ناخالص

افزایش سود ناخالص

کاهش سود ناخالص

گزارش سود ناخالص

سود ناخالص سالانه

سود ناخالص پیش‌بینی شده

سود ناخالص هر سهم

نسبت سود ناخالص

سود ناخالص تجمیعی

자주 쓰는 구문

سود ناخالص چقدر است؟

— A standard question asking for the gross profit amount.

ببخشید، سود ناخالص این معامله چقدر است؟

سود ناخالص به دست آوردن

— To achieve or earn gross profit.

ما توانستیم سود ناخالص خوبی به دست آوریم.

هدف‌گذاری سود ناخالص

— Setting a target for gross profit.

هدف‌گذاری سود ناخالص ما برای امسال بلندپروازانه است.

در سطح سود ناخالص

— At the gross profit level (referring to a specific stage in the income statement).

مشکلات ما در سطح سود ناخالص نیست، بلکه در هزینه‌های اداری است.

سود ناخالص واقعی

— Real or actual gross profit (as opposed to projected).

سود ناخالص واقعی با آنچه در بودجه بود تفاوت دارد.

سود ناخالص و خالص

— Gross and net profit (often used together to describe the whole financial picture).

باید بین سود ناخالص و خالص تفاوت قائل شد.

سود ناخالص غیرمنتظره

— Unexpected gross profit.

به دلیل تغییر قوانین، سود ناخالص غیرمنتظره‌ای داشتیم.

بهبود سود ناخالص

— Improving gross profit.

بهبود سود ناخالص اولویت اول مدیر جدید است.

سود ناخالص پایین

— Low gross profit.

سود ناخالص پایین مانع از سرمایه‌گذاری جدید می‌شود.

سود ناخالص بخش

— Segment gross profit.

سود ناخالص بخش پوشاک بیشتر از بخش کفش است.

자주 혼동되는 단어

سود ناخالص vs سود خالص

Net profit. This is what's left after ALL costs, not just production costs.

سود ناخالص vs درآمد

Revenue. Total sales before any costs are subtracted.

سود ناخالص vs سود عملیاتی

Operating profit. Includes administrative costs which gross profit ignores.

관용어 및 표현

"سود در خرید است"

— A common merchant proverb meaning that profit is made by buying low rather than just selling high.

همیشه یادت باشد که در بازار، سود در خرید است.

Bazaar/Informal

"پول روی پول گذاشتن"

— To accumulate wealth or profit rapidly.

با این سود ناخالص، او دارد پول روی پول می‌گذارد.

Informal

"سود و زیان با هم است"

— An idiom meaning that in business, you must accept the risk of loss along with the profit.

نگران نباش، در تجارت سود و زیان با هم است.

General

"آب بستن به سود"

— To artificially inflate profit figures (like adding water to milk).

آنها با حساب‌سازی، به سود ناخالص خود آب بسته‌اند.

Informal/Critical

"سود سرشار"

— Abundant or overflowing profit.

این قرارداد سود سرشاری برای ما خواهد داشت.

Formal

"یک کلاغ چهل کلاغ کردن سود"

— To exaggerate the amount of profit made.

او درباره سود ناخالص خود یک کلاغ چهل کلاغ می‌کند.

Informal

"سود بردن"

— To benefit or gain profit (general usage).

همه از این توافق جدید سود می‌برند.

General

"دندان برای سود تیز کردن"

— To be greedy or eagerly anticipating a large profit.

دلال‌ها برای سود ناخالص این معامله دندان تیز کرده‌اند.

Informal

"سود بادآورده"

— Windfall profit; money made without much effort.

او با فروش زمین به یک سود بادآورده رسید.

General

"بی‌سود و ثمر"

— Fruitless or without any profit/benefit.

این تلاش‌ها برای افزایش سود ناخالص بی‌سود و ثمر بود.

Literary

혼동하기 쉬운

سود ناخالص vs خالص (Khāles)

Sounds like 'nākholes' but is the exact opposite.

Khāles is net/pure; nākholes is gross/impure. In Persian, the 'nā-' prefix is critical.

سود خالص صد تومان است، اما سود ناخالص دویست تومان بود.

سود ناخالص vs بهره (Bahreh)

Both can mean 'interest' or 'benefit'.

Bahreh is usually bank interest; Sud is business profit.

بهره بانکی بالا است، اما سود ناخالص شرکت پایین است.

سود ناخالص vs تولید ناخالص (Tolid-e nākholes)

Both use 'nākholes'.

Tolid is production (as in GDP); Sud is profit.

تولید ناخالص داخلی با سود ناخالص شرکت فرق دارد.

سود ناخالص vs درآمد (Darāmad)

People often use 'profit' and 'income' interchangeably.

Darāmad is revenue; Sud is profit.

درآمد ما زیاد است ولی سود ناخالص نداریم.

سود ناخالص vs مزد (Mozd)

Both relate to money earned.

Mozd is wages for labor; Sud is profit from investment/trade.

مزد کارگر بخشی از هزینه است که از سود ناخالص کم می‌شود.

문장 패턴

[Noun] + سود ناخالص + است.

این سود ناخالص است.

[Subject] + سود ناخالص + دارد.

شرکت سود ناخالص دارد.

برای + [Verb-Infinitive] + سود ناخالص + باید...

برای افزایش سود ناخالص باید تلاش کنیم.

با توجه به + سود ناخالص + [Clause].

با توجه به سود ناخالص، وضعیت خوب است.

سود ناخالص + به عنوان + [Metric] + تلقی می‌شود.

سود ناخالص به عنوان معیار اصلی تلقی می‌شود.

واکاوی + سود ناخالص + مستلزم + [Requirement].

واکاوی سود ناخالص مستلزم دانش فنی است.

سود ناخالص + نسبت به + [Time] + [Verb].

سود ناخالص نسبت به پارسال کم شد.

علت + کاهش/افزایش + سود ناخالص + [Noun] + است.

علت کاهش سود ناخالص، تورم است.

어휘 가족

명사

سوددهی (Profitability)

سودجویی (Profiteering)

سودبر (Beneficiary)

ناخالصی (Impurity)

동사

سود کردن (To make a profit)

سود رساندن (To benefit someone)

سود جستن (To seek profit)

형용사

سودآور (Profitable)

سودمند (Beneficial)

ناخالص (Gross/Impure)

خالص (Net/Pure)

사용법

frequency

Very common in business, economics, and accounting contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Saying 'Sud nākholes' without the Ezafe. → Sud-e nākholes
Persian requires the 'e' sound to connect a noun to its modifying adjective.
Confusing 'Sud-e nākholes' with 'Tolid-e nākholes'. → Sud-e nākholes (Gross Profit) vs. Tolid-e nākholes (Gross Product/GDP)
Tolid refers to the total production of a country or factory, not the profit.
Using 'Sud-e nākholes' to mean the total money from sales. → Darāmad (Revenue)
Gross profit is what remains AFTER costs are subtracted, not the total sales amount.
Spelling 'nākholes' with 'h' (ناهالص) instead of 'kh' (ناخالص). → ناخالص
The 'kh' sound (خ) is essential for the meaning of 'gross/impure'.
Assuming 'nākholes' means 'illegal' or 'fake' in a financial report. → Technical meaning: Gross
While 'nākholes' can mean impure/adulterated in food, in finance it is a standard technical term for 'gross'.

팁

Don't forget the Ezafe

Always pronounce the 'e' between Sud and nākholes. It’s Sud-e nākholes. Without it, the words are just floating.

Use in Meetings

If you want to sound professional in an Iranian office, ask about the 'hāshiye-ye sud-e nākholes' (gross margin). It shows you understand the business's core efficiency.

Gross vs. Net

Associate 'Nā-' with 'Not yet finished'. Gross profit is not yet the final answer.

Formal Reports

In written reports, 'Sud-e nākholes' is preferred over more casual terms like 'sud-e koli'.

Bazaar Wisdom

Remember the proverb 'Sud dar kharid ast'. It means buying low is the secret to a high gross profit.

The 'Kh' Sound

Spend time on the 'kh' in nākholes. It’s the same sound as in 'Khayyam' or 'Khan'. It adds authenticity to your Persian.

Catching the Numbers

In news, listen for the percentage (%) right after 'sud-e nākholes'. That's usually the margin.

Visualizing

Visualize a filter. The gross profit is the water before the filter; the net profit is the water after.

Academic Usage

If you see 'Sud-e nāvije' in a textbook, don't panic. It's just a very formal way to say 'Sud-e nākholes'.

Revenue vs. Profit

Never use 'Sud-e nākholes' when you mean 'Darāmad'. This is the most common mistake in business Persian.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'SUD' as 'Soon U (get) Dollars'. 'NAKHOLES' sounds like 'Not-Clean-Less'. So, 'Soon U get Dollars but it's Not Clean yet (costs are still inside)'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a big, unwashed pile of gold nuggets (Gross Profit). Once you wash away the dirt and rocks (expenses), you have the shiny 'Pure' gold (Net Profit).

Word Web

درآمد (Revenue) هزینه تولید (Production Cost) سود ناخالص (Gross Profit) هزینه اداری (Admin Cost) سود عملیاتی (Operating Profit) مالیات (Tax) سود خالص (Net Profit) سود انباشته (Retained Earnings)

챌린지

Try to find the 'Sud-e nākholes' of your last grocery trip. If you bought ingredients for 50,000 and the meal would cost 120,000 at a restaurant, what is the 'gross profit' of your home cooking?

어원

The word 'Sud' comes from the Middle Persian word 'sūt', which has been used for centuries to denote benefit, interest, or gain. The word 'nākholes' is a hybrid construction.

원래 의미: Sud originally meant 'benefit' or 'utility'. 'Nākholes' literally means 'not pure', from 'nā-' (not) and 'khāles' (pure, from Arabic).

Indo-European (Persian) roots for 'Sud' and 'nā-', and Afro-Asiatic (Arabic) loanword for 'khāles'.

문화적 맥락

When discussing profit in Iran, be aware of the 'Bonyads' (charitable foundations) which operate large sectors of the economy; their profit structures can be complex and politically linked.

In English-speaking countries, 'Gross Profit' is a standard term. In Persian, 'Sud' can also mean 'interest' (like from a bank), which can lead to confusion for English speakers who see 'interest' and 'profit' as very different things.

The Tehran Stock Exchange (Bourse) reports use this term daily. Economic TV show 'Pāyesh' often analyzes the sud-e nākholes of different sectors. Financial newspaper 'Donya-e-Eqtesad' is the primary source for these figures.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Stock Market Analysis

نماد بورسی (Stock symbol)
افزایش سودآوری (Profitability increase)
تحلیل تکنیکال (Technical analysis)
سود هر سهم (EPS)

Small Business Management

دفتر کل (General ledger)
فاکتور فروش (Sales invoice)
هزینه ثابت (Fixed cost)
موجودی کالا (Inventory)

Economic News

رشد اقتصادی (Economic growth)
نرخ تورم (Inflation rate)
رکود بازار (Market recession)
تولید ناخالص داخلی (GDP)

Accounting Class

بدهکار و بستانکار (Debit and Credit)
صورت سود و زیان (Income Statement)
دوره مالی (Fiscal period)
تراز آزمایشی (Trial balance)

Job Interview (Finance)

تجربه کاری (Work experience)
تسلط بر اکسل (Mastery of Excel)
گزارش‌دهی مالی (Financial reporting)
تحلیل داده‌ها (Data analysis)

대화 시작하기

"به نظر شما چرا سود ناخالص شرکت در این فصل کاهش یافته است؟ (Why do you think the company's gross profit decreased this season?)"

"چطور می‌توانیم حاشیه سود ناخالص خود را بدون افزایش قیمت بالا ببریم؟ (How can we increase our gross profit margin without raising prices?)"

"آیا سود ناخالص پیش‌بینی شده در طرح کسب‌وکار واقعی است؟ (Is the projected gross profit in the business plan realistic?)"

"تفاوت اصلی بین سود ناخالص و سود عملیاتی در این گزارش چیست؟ (What is the main difference between gross profit and operating profit in this report?)"

"کدام محصولات ما بالاترین سود ناخالص را دارند؟ (Which of our products have the highest gross profit?)"

일기 주제

اگر یک کسب‌وکار کوچک داشتید، چگونه سود ناخالص خود را مدیریت می‌کردید تا ورشکست نشوید؟ (If you had a small business, how would you manage your gross profit to avoid bankruptcy?)

تأثیر تورم بر سود ناخالص تولیدکنندگان ایرانی را تحلیل کنید. (Analyze the impact of inflation on the gross profit of Iranian producers.)

چرا سود ناخالص به تنهایی نمی‌تواند نشان‌دهنده موفقیت کامل یک شرکت باشد؟ (Why can't gross profit alone represent the complete success of a company?)

تجربه خود را در مورد خرید و فروشی که در آن سود ناخالص خوبی داشتید بنویسید. (Write about your experience with a trade where you had a good gross profit.)

رابطه بین کیفیت محصول و سود ناخالص را از دیدگاه خود توضیح دهید. (Explain the relationship between product quality and gross profit from your perspective.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Subtract the 'Hazine-ye tamām shode-ye kālā' (Cost of Goods Sold) from 'Darāmad-e forush' (Sales Revenue). For example, if you sell a book for 100 and it cost 60 to print, your gross profit is 40.

In Persian, 'Sud-e nākholes' is the amount (currency), while 'Hāshiye-ye sud-e nākholes' is the margin (percentage). They are related but distinct metrics.

Yes, if the cost of making the product is higher than the selling price, it is called 'Ziyān-e nākholes' (Gross Loss).

It is 'impure' because it still contains the money that will eventually be used to pay for rent, utilities, salaries, and taxes. It hasn't been 'cleaned' of these expenses yet.

It is usually the first profit line in the 'Surat-e sud o ziyān' (Income Statement), right after Revenue and Cost of Goods Sold.

Yes, though their cost of sales is usually labor-based rather than material-based. It is still calculated the same way.

You can say 'Sud-e nākholes afzāyesh yāft' (formal) or 'Sud-e nākholes ziād shod' (informal).

The most common opposite is 'Sud-e khāles' (Net Profit), representing the final stage of profit calculation.

The concept is used daily, though traditional merchants might use simpler terms like 'sud-e avaliyeh' (initial profit).

The word 'Sud' itself implies a positive gain. If the result is negative, the word 'Ziyān' (Loss) is used instead.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기