تفریق کردن 30초 만에
- To subtract or take away a number from another.
- Primarily used in mathematical contexts.
- Can be used metaphorically to mean reduce or diminish.
- Formed from the noun 'تفریق' (subtraction) and 'کردن' (to do).
- Core Meaning
- The verb 'تفریق کردن' (tafriq kardan) fundamentally means to subtract or to take away one quantity from another. It is most commonly encountered in mathematical contexts but can also be used metaphorically to describe the reduction or lessening of something.
- Mathematical Usage
- In arithmetic and algebra, 'تفریق کردن' is the direct Persian equivalent of 'to subtract'. When you perform a subtraction problem, you are 'تفریق کردن' the smaller number from the larger one. For example, 'پنج منهای سه را تفریق کن' translates to 'Subtract three from five'. This is the most frequent and literal usage of the word.
- Metaphorical and Figurative Usage
- Beyond mathematics, 'تفریق کردن' can imply a process of diminishing, reducing, or separating. For instance, one might speak of 'تفریق کردن' differences between two groups, meaning to reduce or eliminate those differences. It can also refer to the act of making something less significant or removing parts of it. This figurative use is less common than the mathematical one but is still understood.
- Everyday Scenarios
- You will hear 'تفریق کردن' most often in educational settings, such as classrooms where math is being taught. It's also used in everyday conversations when discussing finances, quantities, or any situation where a reduction or subtraction is involved. For example, a shopkeeper might explain a discount by saying they 'تفریق کردن' a certain amount from the original price.
در ریاضیات، ما اعداد را تفریق میکنیم تا حاصل را به دست آوریم.
لطفاً این مبلغ را از کل حساب تفریق کنید.
- Nuances
- While 'تفریق کردن' is the most direct translation for 'to subtract', in some casual contexts, simpler verbs might be used, or the concept might be implied. However, for clarity, especially in formal or educational settings, 'تفریق کردن' is the preferred term.
- Basic Structure
- The verb 'تفریق کردن' is typically used with the object of subtraction following it, often preceded by a preposition like 'از' (az - from). The structure is generally: [Subject] + [Number/Quantity to be subtracted] + 'را' (ra - object marker) + [Number/Quantity from which to subtract] + 'تفریق کردن'.
- Mathematical Examples
- In math class, you'll see this frequently. For instance, to say '10 minus 4 equals 6', you might hear: 'ده را از چهار تفریق کنید' (dah ra az chahar tafriq konid - subtract four from ten) or more commonly in a problem setup: 'ده منهای چهار مساوی شش است' (dah menhay-e chahar mosavi-ye shesh ast - ten minus four equals six). The verb form 'تفریق کردن' is used when describing the action itself.
- Financial Contexts
- When discussing money or bills, 'تفریق کردن' is common. If a discount is applied, a sentence might be: 'آنها 10 درصد از قیمت اصلی را تفریق کردند.' (anha 10 dar sad az gheymat-e asli ra tafriq kardand - They subtracted 10 percent from the original price.)
- Everyday Reductions
- Even in non-mathematical scenarios, the concept of taking away can be expressed. If a group of people is reduced, one might say: 'تعداد افراد حاضر را تفریق کردیم تا بفهمیم چند نفر غایب هستند.' (tedad-e afrad-e hazir ra tafriq kardim ta befahmim chand nafar ghayeb hastand - We subtracted the number of present people to understand how many were absent.) This is a more figurative use.
پنج را از ده تفریق کنید، نتیجه پنج میشود.
ما باید هزینه اضافی را از کل صورتحساب تفریق کنیم.
- Verb Conjugation
- Like other Persian verbs, 'تفریق کردن' conjugates based on tense, person, and number. For example, 'تفریق میکنم' (tafriq mikonam - I subtract), 'تفریق کردی' (tafriq kardi - you subtracted), 'تفریق خواهد کرد' (tafriq khahad kard - he/she will subtract).
- Educational Institutions
- The most common place to hear 'تفریق کردن' is in a classroom setting, particularly during mathematics lessons. Teachers use it to instruct students on how to perform subtraction. You'll hear phrases like 'عدد کوچکتر را از عدد بزرگتر تفریق کنید' (subtract the smaller number from the larger number) or 'آیا میتوانید این مسئله را تفریق کنید؟' (Can you subtract this problem?). Textbooks and educational materials will also feature this verb extensively.
- Financial and Business Discussions
- In contexts involving money, budgets, or transactions, 'تفریق کردن' is frequently used. For example, when discussing discounts, a salesperson might say: 'ما 20 درصد از قیمت کل را تفریق کردهایم' (We have subtracted 20 percent from the total price). Accountants and financial advisors might use it when explaining deductions or expenses. Even in casual conversations about personal finances, like calculating change, the concept of subtraction is present and might be voiced using this verb.
- Scientific and Technical Fields
- Beyond basic arithmetic, in more complex scientific and engineering calculations, subtraction is a fundamental operation. 'تفریق کردن' would be used in discussions about data analysis, experimental results, or any process that involves calculating differences or removing components. For instance, in physics, one might describe 'تفریق کردن' a background reading from a measured value.
- Everyday Problem Solving
- While less common than in formal settings, 'تفریق کردن' can appear in everyday speech when describing a process of reduction or removal. If you're trying to figure out how many items are left after some have been used or given away, you might conceptually 'تفریق کردن' the used items from the total. However, in casual conversation, simpler phrasing might be preferred unless precision is required.
معلم از دانشآموزان خواست تا اعداد را در دفترشان تفریق کنند.
در گزارش مالی، هزینهها از درآمد کل تفریق میشود.
- Formal vs. Informal
- While 'تفریق کردن' is precise, in very informal spoken Persian, people might use simpler verbs or circumlocutions for subtraction if the context is clear. However, for any situation requiring mathematical accuracy or formal communication, 'تفریق کردن' is the standard and expected term.
- Confusing with Addition
- The most fundamental mistake for learners is to confuse 'تفریق کردن' (subtract) with its opposite, 'جمع کردن' (jam' kardan - to add). While both are mathematical operations, their meanings are diametrically opposed. Learners might mistakenly use 'تفریق کردن' when they intend to say 'add', leading to complete reversal of the intended meaning.
- Incorrect Object/Subject Placement
- Persian sentence structure, especially with compound verbs and object markers like 'را' (ra), can be tricky. A common error is misplacing the numbers or quantities involved in the subtraction. For example, saying 'پنج را از ده تفریق کن' (subtract five from ten) is correct, but saying 'ده را از پنج تفریق کن' (subtract ten from five) is mathematically incorrect and confusing, even if the grammar is superficially sound. The number being taken away should typically be marked with 'را' and come before the number from which it is taken.
- Ignoring the 'از' (from)
- The preposition 'از' (az - from) is crucial when specifying the number or quantity from which another is being subtracted. Forgetting to include 'از' can lead to ambiguous or grammatically awkward sentences. For instance, 'ده تفریق پنج' (ten subtract five) is not a proper sentence. It should be 'ده از پنج تفریق کن' (subtract five from ten) or 'پنج را از ده تفریق کن'.
- Using the Noun Instead of the Verb
- While 'تفریق' (tafriq) is the noun for subtraction, learners might mistakenly try to use it as a verb or in place of the verb phrase 'تفریق کردن'. For example, saying 'من تفریق کردم' (I subtractioned) is incorrect. It should be 'من تفریق کردم' (I subtracted).
- Verb Conjugation Errors
- As with any verb, incorrect conjugation is a common mistake. This includes using the wrong tense, person, or number. For example, using the past tense when the present is needed, or using the singular form when the plural is required.
اشتباه: پنج را ده تفریق کن. صحیح: ده را از پنج تفریق کن.
اشتباه: من جمع کردم 5 از 10. صحیح: من 5 را از 10 تفریق کردم.
- Over-reliance on Literal Translation
- Sometimes, learners might try to directly translate English sentence structures, which can lead to errors in Persian. For instance, trying to force the English phrasing 'subtract X from Y' directly might result in an unnatural Persian sentence. It's important to learn the idiomatic Persian way of expressing subtraction.
- کم کردن (kam kardan)
- 'کم کردن' literally means 'to make less' or 'to decrease'. It is a very common synonym for 'تفریق کردن', especially in less formal or more general contexts. While 'تفریق کردن' is precise for mathematical subtraction, 'کم کردن' can be used for reducing quantities, prices, or even effort. For example, 'قیمت را کم کنید' (kam konid - reduce the price) is often used interchangeably with 'قیمت را تفریق کنید' in a shopping context, though 'تفریق کردن' might sound slightly more formal or specific to a calculation.
- کسر کردن (kasr kardan)
- 'کسر کردن' is another verb that relates to subtraction, particularly in the context of fractions or division where a part is taken away. It can also mean 'to deduct'. While it shares similarity with 'تفریق کردن', 'کسر کردن' often implies taking a portion or a fraction. In advanced mathematics, it might be used more specifically. In general usage, 'تفریق کردن' is more universally understood for simple subtraction.
- حذف کردن (hazf kardan)
- 'حذف کردن' means 'to remove' or 'to delete'. While not a direct synonym for subtraction in a mathematical sense, it can be used in contexts where elements are taken away from a set or list. For example, 'نام او را از لیست حذف کنید' (hazf konid - remove his name from the list). This is about removal, not necessarily numerical subtraction.
- از بین بردن (az beyn bordan)
- This phrase means 'to destroy', 'to eliminate', or 'to get rid of'. It's a much stronger term than subtraction and implies complete eradication rather than a numerical reduction. It's not a substitute for 'تفریق کردن' in mathematical contexts.
- کاستن (kastan)
- 'کاستن' is a more literary or formal verb meaning 'to lessen', 'to diminish', or 'to subtract'. It is less common in everyday speech than 'کم کردن' or 'تفریق کردن' but can be found in more formal writing or older texts. It carries a sense of gradual reduction.
تفریق کردن (Tafriq kardan) vs. کم کردن (Kam kardan)
مقایسه:
1. ده را از پنج تفریق کنید. (Mathematical subtraction)
2. قیمت را کم کنید. (Reduce the price)
- Context is Key
- The choice of verb often depends on the specific nuance you want to convey. 'تفریق کردن' is the most direct and unambiguous term for subtraction in arithmetic. Other verbs like 'کم کردن' offer more flexibility in meaning, covering reduction and decrease more broadly.
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The Arabic root 'f-r-q' is related to words meaning 'difference', 'disagreement', and even 'discrimination', highlighting the core concept of separation or distinction that underpins subtraction.
발음 가이드
- Mispronouncing the rolled 'r'.
- Incorrect syllable stress.
- Confusing the vowel sounds.
난이도
CEFR B1 level. Understanding 'تفریق کردن' in written contexts, especially mathematical or financial texts, is achievable for B1 learners. Complex sentence structures or abstract metaphorical uses might pose challenges.
CEFR B1 level. Learners at this level can construct basic sentences using 'تفریق کردن', particularly in mathematical problems or simple financial scenarios. Errors in verb conjugation or sentence structure are possible.
CEFR B1 level. Speaking requires more fluency. Learners can likely use 'تفریق کردن' in simple, direct contexts but might hesitate or make mistakes in spontaneous conversation or when explaining complex calculations.
CEFR B1 level. Understanding 'تفریق کردن' when spoken by a native speaker is generally manageable, especially in clear, standard contexts like classrooms or straightforward instructions. Faster speech or abstract usage might be difficult.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Object Marker 'را' (ra)
پنج را از ده تفریق کن. (Panj ra az dah tafriq kon.) - The object being subtracted ('پنج' - five) is marked with 'را'.
Preposition 'از' (az - from)
پنج را از ده تفریق کن. (Panj ra az dah tafriq kon.) - The preposition 'از' indicates the number from which the subtraction is performed.
Compound Verbs
'تفریق کردن' is formed by the noun 'تفریق' and the verb 'کردن'. Many Persian verbs follow this pattern.
Verb Conjugation (Past Tense)
من پنج را از ده تفریق کردم. (Man panj ra az dah tafriq kardam.) - I subtracted five from ten.
Verb Conjugation (Present Tense)
او پنج را از ده تفریق میکند. (Ou panj ra az dah tafriq mikonad.) - He/She subtracts five from ten.
수준별 예문
پنج و پنج میشود ده.
Five and five makes ten.
This sentence uses 'میشود' (mishavad - becomes/makes) for addition, not subtraction.
من یک سیب دارم.
I have one apple.
Simple statement of possession.
تو دو کتاب داری.
You have two books.
Using the number 'two'.
او سه گربه دارد.
She has three cats.
Using the number 'three'.
چهار رنگ است.
Four is a color.
This is grammatically awkward and semantically nonsensical, used to illustrate non-subtraction contexts.
ده سیب است.
It is ten apples.
Stating a quantity.
من یک مداد میخواهم.
I want one pencil.
Expressing desire for a quantity.
کتابها روی میز هستند.
The books are on the table.
Simple location description.
ده منهای سه میشود هفت.
Ten minus three equals seven.
Basic subtraction using 'منهای' (menhay - minus).
قیمت این کتاب ده هزار تومان است.
The price of this book is ten thousand Tomans.
Stating a price.
من دیروز دو ساعت کار کردم.
I worked two hours yesterday.
Expressing duration.
یک کیلو سیب لطفا.
One kilogram of apples, please.
Ordering a quantity.
بچهها در باغ بازی میکنند.
The children are playing in the garden.
Describing an activity.
این فروشگاه تخفیف دارد.
This store has a discount.
Mentioning a sale.
من باید پنج تومان به او بدهم.
I have to give him five Tomans.
Expressing an obligation to pay.
ماشین قرمز سریع است.
The red car is fast.
Describing an object with an adjective.
بیست را از پنجاه تفریق کنید، حاصل سی میشود.
Subtract twenty from fifty, the result is thirty.
Using 'تفریق کردن' with numbers and 'حاصل' (hasel - result).
ما باید هزینههای اضافی را از بودجه تفریق کنیم.
We must subtract the extra costs from the budget.
Figurative use in financial planning.
اگر ده درصد از قیمت را کم کنیم، چقدر میماند؟
If we reduce the price by ten percent, how much remains?
Using 'کم کنیم' (kam konim - we reduce) which is similar to subtraction.
لطفاً این مبلغ را از کل صورتحساب تفریق کنید.
Please subtract this amount from the total bill.
Practical application in billing.
تعداد دانشآموزان غایب را از کل کلاس تفریق کردیم.
We subtracted the number of absent students from the total class.
Calculating present students.
این نرمافزار به شما اجازه میدهد تا اعداد را تفریق کنید.
This software allows you to subtract numbers.
Describing software functionality.
من سعی کردم ناراحتیام را از چهرهام تفریق کنم، اما موفق نشدم.
I tried to subtract my sadness from my face, but I didn't succeed.
Metaphorical use for masking emotions.
پس از تفریق مالیات، مبلغ نهایی مشخص میشود.
After subtracting taxes, the final amount is determined.
Formal financial context.
در این محاسبه، باید تاثیرات جانبی را از نتایج اصلی تفریق کرد.
In this calculation, side effects must be subtracted from the main results.
Scientific/analytical context.
پس از کسر هزینههای تولید، سود خالص مشخص میگردد.
After deducting production costs, the net profit is determined.
Using 'کسر' (kasr - deduction) which is related to subtraction.
برای رسیدن به درک واقعی، باید تعصبات شخصی را از قضاوت تفریق نمود.
To reach a true understanding, personal biases must be subtracted from judgment.
Philosophical/abstract application.
این مسئله پیچیده است و نیاز به تفریق دقیق متغیرها دارد.
This problem is complex and requires precise subtraction of variables.
Mathematical problem-solving.
مورخان تلاش میکنند تا اشتباهات گذشته را از روایت تاریخی تفریق کنند.
Historians try to subtract the mistakes of the past from the historical narrative.
Historical analysis.
با تفریق بخشهای غیرضروری، میتوانیم کارایی سیستم را افزایش دهیم.
By subtracting unnecessary parts, we can increase the system's efficiency.
Engineering/optimization context.
شک و تردید را از دل خود تفریق کنید و به حقیقت نزدیک شوید.
Subtract doubt from your heart and get closer to the truth.
Motivational/inspirational context.
در تحلیل دادهها، مقادیر پرت باید از مجموعه دادهها تفریق شوند.
In data analysis, outlier values must be subtracted from the dataset.
Statistical data analysis.
تفریق مؤلفههای نامرتبط از یک پدیده، امکان درک عمیقتر ماهیت آن را فراهم میآورد.
Subtracting irrelevant components from a phenomenon allows for a deeper understanding of its nature.
Abstract and academic discourse.
این رویکرد مبتنی بر تفریق مداوم فرضیات نادرست از چارچوب نظری است.
This approach is based on the continuous subtraction of incorrect assumptions from the theoretical framework.
Research methodology.
در جهت تفریق ارزشهای منفی از پتانسیلهای مثبت، برنامهریزی استراتژیک ضروری است.
Strategic planning is essential for subtracting negative values from positive potentials.
Strategic planning and management.
هرگونه ابهام یا تفسیر دوگانه باید از پیام اصلی تفریق شود تا ارتباط مؤثر صورت گیرد.
Any ambiguity or dual interpretation must be subtracted from the main message for effective communication.
Communication theory.
برای ارزیابی دقیق، باید خطاهای سیستماتیک را از اندازهگیریها تفریق کرد.
For accurate evaluation, systematic errors must be subtracted from the measurements.
Scientific measurement and error analysis.
این تحلیل، تفریق پیچیدگیهای غیرضروری را برای رسیدن به هسته مسئله پیشنهاد میکند.
This analysis suggests subtracting unnecessary complexities to reach the core of the problem.
Problem-solving methodology.
در فرآیند تفکر انتقادی، پذیرش بیچون و چرای مفروضات، خود یک نوع تفریق از منطق است.
In the process of critical thinking, uncritical acceptance of assumptions is itself a form of subtraction from logic.
Epistemology and critical thinking.
هدف نهایی، تفریق موانع ادراکی است تا دستیابی به حقیقت امکانپذیر گردد.
The ultimate goal is to subtract perceptual barriers to make the attainment of truth possible.
Philosophical pursuit of truth.
فلسفه علم غالباً به فرآیندهای تفریق و تمایز در شکلگیری نظریهها میپردازد.
Philosophy of science often deals with processes of subtraction and differentiation in theory formation.
Advanced philosophical discourse.
در تحلیلهای پساساختارگرایانه، تفریق نظاممند دالها از دالهای دیگر، روشی رایج است.
In post-structuralist analyses, the systematic subtraction of signifiers from other signifiers is a common method.
Linguistic and literary theory.
با تفریق کلیشههای قالبی، میتوان به درک عمیقتر و اصیلتری از هویت دست یافت.
By subtracting stereotypical clichés, a deeper and more authentic understanding of identity can be achieved.
Sociological and identity studies.
این مطالعه بر تفریق اثرات همافزایی و سینرژیک برای ارزیابی دقیقتر مداخلات تأکید دارد.
This study emphasizes the subtraction of synergistic and cumulative effects for a more accurate evaluation of interventions.
Advanced research methodology.
تفریق هویات کاذب از ذات حقیقی، مسیری است به سوی خودشناسی.
Subtracting false identities from the true essence is a path towards self-knowledge.
Existential and spiritual philosophy.
نظریه پیچیدگی، اغلب نیازمند تفریق لایههای سطحی برای رسیدن به سازوکارهای زیربنایی است.
Complexity theory often requires the subtraction of superficial layers to reach underlying mechanisms.
Systems theory and complexity science.
در نقد ادبی، تفریق عناصر ناتورالیستی از رمانتیسم، به درک سبکهای متغیر کمک میکند.
In literary criticism, subtracting naturalistic elements from romanticism helps understand varying styles.
Literary theory and criticism.
این رویکرد، تفریق کامل پیشفرضهای متافیزیکی را برای دستیابی به تحلیل صرفاً تجربی تجویز میکند.
This approach prescribes the complete subtraction of metaphysical presuppositions to achieve purely empirical analysis.
Philosophy of science and empiricism.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— Ten minus three. This is a direct way to state a subtraction problem using the word 'minus'.
ده منهای سه میشود هفت.
— Subtract five from ten. This is a command or instruction to perform the subtraction.
لطفاً پنج را از ده تفریق کن.
— To subtract from the budget. Used when discussing financial allocations and reductions.
باید مبلغ قابل توجهی را از بودجه تفریق کنیم.
— To subtract costs. Essential in business and accounting to determine profit.
برای یافتن سود خالص، باید تمام هزینهها را از درآمد تفریق کرد.
— To subtract a discount. Used in retail and sales contexts.
آنها پنج درصد تخفیف را از قیمت کل تفریق کردند.
— Subtracting in math. Refers generally to the act of subtraction as a mathematical operation.
ما امروز در کلاس تفریق کردن را یاد گرفتیم.
— Subtracting from the total. Common in billing and financial summaries.
این مبلغ اضافه را از کل صورتحساب تفریق کنید.
— Subtracting quantities/values. A general term for performing subtraction on numerical values.
برای این محاسبه، لازم است این مقادیر را تفریق کنیم.
— Subtracting profit. Often used in contexts where certain profits are allocated or deducted.
بخشی از سود باید برای سرمایهگذاری مجدد تفریق شود.
— Subtracting mistakes. A metaphorical use, implying learning from errors or removing negative aspects.
در زندگی، باید اشتباهات گذشته را از تجربیات فعلی تفریق کرد.
자주 혼동되는 단어
'جمع کردن' means 'to add', which is the direct opposite operation of 'تفریق کردن' (to subtract). Confusing these two leads to completely opposite mathematical results.
While often used interchangeably, 'کم کردن' is broader and can mean 'to reduce' or 'to decrease' in a less precise way than the mathematical 'تفریق کردن'.
'کسر کردن' is related to subtraction but often implies deducting a portion or dealing with fractions, making it more specific than the general 'تفریق کردن'.
관용어 및 표현
— This idiom doesn't exist as a standard Persian idiom. 'تفریق کردن' is a literal verb for subtraction. Losing something is usually expressed with verbs like 'از دست دادن' (az dast dadan).
This phrase is not idiomatic and would likely be misunderstood.
N/A— Literally 'to subtract something from someone'. In a metaphorical sense, it could imply taking away something valuable or deserved from someone, though this is not a fixed idiom.
او احساس میکرد که حقش را از او تفریق کردهاند.
Figurative/Informal— To subtract from zero. This is a literal mathematical concept, but can metaphorically imply starting from nothing or having no basis.
ما از صفر شروع کردیم و تمام دستاوردها را از صفر تفریق کردیم تا ببینیم چه باقی میماند.
Figurative/Mathematical— To subtract from the problem statement. This implies simplifying or removing aspects of a problem, perhaps to make it easier to solve or to focus on the core issue.
برای حل این معما، باید جزئیات غیرضروری را از صورت مسئله تفریق کنیم.
Figurative/Problem-solving— To subtract from an account. This is a literal financial action, but can metaphorically mean to deduct from someone's credit or reputation.
هر اشتباه کوچک او باعث میشد که از حساب اعتبارش تفریق شود.
Figurative/Financial— It cannot be subtracted from it. This implies something is integral or inseparable, or that the subtraction is not possible or logical.
این ویژگی بخشی از هویت اوست و نمیشود از آن تفریق کرد.
Figurative/General— To subtract time. This means to take time away from something, or for something to consume time.
کار زیاد وقت ارزشمند را از زندگی شخصی ما تفریق میکند.
Figurative/General— To subtract energy. This could mean that something depletes energy, or that energy is removed from a system.
این بحث انرژی زیادی از من تفریق کرد.
Figurative/General— To subtract from the total population. This is literal when discussing demographics or statistics.
با مهاجرت، بخشی از جمعیت از کل کشور تفریق شد.
Literal/Demographic— To subtract from a viewpoint. This implies removing a perspective or bias from consideration.
باید هرگونه سوگیری شخصی را از دیدگاه تحلیلی خود تفریق کنیم.
Figurative/Analytical혼동하기 쉬운
Both are basic mathematical operations taught together.
'جمع کردن' means to add numbers together to find a total, while 'تفریق کردن' means to take one number away from another to find the difference. They are antonyms.
پنج را با سه جمع کن (Add five with three), پنج را از هشت تفریق کن (Subtract five from eight).
Both verbs imply a reduction in quantity.
'تفریق کردن' is strictly mathematical subtraction. 'کم کردن' is more general and can mean to reduce, decrease, or lessen, not necessarily a precise numerical calculation.
قیمت را از صد هزار تومان تفریق کن (Subtract the price from 100,000 Tomans - less common, usually 'کم کن'), قیمت را کم کن (Reduce the price - very common).
Both involve taking away a part.
'تفریق کردن' is general subtraction. 'کسر کردن' often refers to deducting specific amounts (like taxes or fees) or dealing with fractions, implying a more specific type of reduction.
ده را از بیست تفریق کن (Subtract ten from twenty), پنج هزار تومان را از حقوق کسر کردند (They deducted 5,000 Tomans from the salary).
Both involve removal.
'تفریق کردن' is numerical subtraction. 'حذف کردن' means to remove or delete something from a list, text, or set, not necessarily a numerical value.
این دو عدد را از لیست تفریق کن (Subtract these two numbers from the list - grammatically awkward, should be 'کم کن' or 'کسر کن'), نام او را از لیست حذف کن (Remove his name from the list).
Both imply removal or reduction.
'تفریق کردن' is precise numerical subtraction. 'از بین بردن' means to destroy, eliminate, or get rid of something completely, which is a much stronger action than subtraction.
ده را از بیست تفریق کن (Subtract ten from twenty), ویروس را از سیستم از بین ببر (Eliminate the virus from the system).
문장 패턴
[Number] منهای [Number] میشود [Result]
پنج منهای دو میشود سه.
[Number] را از [Number] تفریق کنید.
ده را از پانزده تفریق کنید.
[Subject] [Number] را از [Number] تفریق کرد/میکند/خواهد کرد.
دانشآموز عدد را از مسئله تفریق کرد.
پس از تفریق [Amount], [Result] باقی ماند.
پس از تفریق تخفیف، قیمت نهایی مشخص شد.
برای [Goal], باید [Thing to subtract] را از [Context] تفریق کنیم.
برای رسیدن به سود، باید هزینهها را از درآمد تفریق کنیم.
این تحلیل نیازمند تفریق [Factor 1] از [Factor 2] است.
این تحلیل نیازمند تفریق عوامل جانبی از نتایج اصلی است.
تفریق [Abstract concept 1] از [Abstract concept 2] به درک [Outcome] منجر میشود.
تفریق پیشفرضهای نادرست از چارچوب نظری به درک عمیقتر منجر میشود.
فرآیند تفریق [Complex element] از [System] برای [Purpose] ضروری است.
فرآیند تفریق مؤلفههای نامرتبط از یک پدیده برای درک ماهیت آن ضروری است.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
관련
사용법
High (in mathematical and financial contexts); Medium (in general reduction contexts)
-
Confusing 'تفریق کردن' with 'جمع کردن'.
→
Use 'تفریق کردن' for subtraction and 'جمع کردن' for addition.
These are opposite operations. 'تفریق کردن' means to take away, while 'جمع کردن' means to bring together. For example, 5 - 3 = 2 ('پنج را از هشت تفریق کن') but 5 + 3 = 8 ('پنج را با سه جمع کن').
-
Incorrect order of numbers in subtraction.
→
The number being subtracted is typically marked with 'را' and comes before the number from which it is subtracted.
Saying 'پنج را از ده تفریق کن' (Subtract five from ten) is correct. Saying 'ده را از پنج تفریق کن' implies subtracting ten from five, which is mathematically different and usually leads to a negative number or is simply stated incorrectly.
-
Forgetting the preposition 'از' (from).
→
Always use 'از' to indicate the number from which another is being subtracted.
It should be 'ده را از پنج تفریق کن' (Subtract five from ten), not 'ده پنج تفریق کن'. The 'از' is essential for clarity.
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Using the noun 'تفریق' as a verb.
→
Use the compound verb 'تفریق کردن'.
You cannot say 'من تفریق کردم' meaning 'I subtracted'. It must be 'من تفریق کردم' (I subtracted). The noun 'تفریق' means 'subtraction'.
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Incorrect verb conjugation.
→
Conjugate 'تفریق کردن' according to tense, person, and number.
Forgetting to conjugate correctly, e.g., using the infinitive form in a sentence, or using the wrong ending. For instance, 'او تفریق کردن' is incorrect; it should be 'او تفریق میکند' (he/she subtracts) or 'او تفریق کرد' (he/she subtracted).
팁
Mastering 'را' and 'از'
The correct use of the object marker 'را' and the preposition 'از' is crucial for forming accurate subtraction sentences. Remember that the number being subtracted is typically marked with 'را' and comes before the number from which it is subtracted, with 'از' connecting the two. For example: 'پنج را از ده تفریق کن' (Subtract five from ten).
Synonym Awareness
While 'تفریق کردن' is precise, be aware of synonyms like 'کم کردن' and 'کسر کردن'. 'کم کردن' is more general (to reduce), while 'کسر کردن' often implies deduction or dealing with fractions. Using the right synonym adds nuance to your Persian.
Rolling Your 'R's
The Persian 'ر' (r) is often rolled or trilled, similar to Spanish or Italian. Practicing this sound, especially in words like 'تفریق' and 'کردن', will significantly improve your pronunciation and make you more understandable.
Mathematical vs. Metaphorical Use
Understand when 'تفریق کردن' is used literally for calculations and when it's used metaphorically for reduction or diminution. Context is key to interpreting its meaning correctly.
Construct Your Own Problems
Create simple subtraction problems in Persian and write them out or say them aloud. This active practice solidifies the sentence structures and vocabulary.
Visual Association
Create a visual image for 'تفریق کردن'. Imagine a magician performing a 'trick' (sounds like tafriq) to make numbers disappear from a group. This mental image can help you recall the word and its meaning.
Opposites Matter
Always learn antonyms together. Knowing that 'جمع کردن' (to add) is the opposite of 'تفریق کردن' (to subtract) helps reinforce the meaning of both words.
Real-World Scenarios
Think about how subtraction is used in your daily life (e.g., managing a budget, calculating change) and try to express those scenarios in Persian using 'تفریق کردن' or related terms.
Root Meaning
Understanding that 'تفریق' comes from an Arabic root meaning 'separation' or 'distinction' can provide a deeper grasp of why it signifies subtraction.
Listen and Repeat
Listen to native Persian speakers using 'تفریق کردن' in videos, podcasts, or conversations. Try to repeat the sentences, paying attention to pronunciation and intonation.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a 'trick' (sounds like tafriq) where you're trying to trick someone by taking away their money. Or, think of a 'far-off' (sounds like fariq) place where you send things away to subtract them.
시각적 연상
Picture a large pile of apples. Then, a hand comes and 'takes away' (subtracts) some of them. The apples being taken away are 'تفریق' (tafriq). The action of taking them away is 'تفریق کردن'.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to explain a simple subtraction problem (like 10-4=6) to someone using only Persian words, focusing on the verb 'تفریق کردن'. See if you can naturally incorporate it into your explanation.
어원
The word 'تفریق' (tafriq) comes from the Arabic root ف-ر-ق (f-r-q), which means 'to divide', 'to separate', or 'to distinguish'. In Persian, it evolved to specifically mean 'subtraction' in a mathematical context, often combined with the verb 'کردن' (kardan - to do/make) to form the compound verb 'تفریق کردن'.
원래 의미: Separation, division, distinction.
Semitic (Arabic origin, adopted into Persian)문화적 맥락
The term 'تفریق کردن' itself is neutral and purely mathematical. However, its application in contexts like financial disparities or resource allocation could indirectly touch upon sensitive social or economic issues if not handled carefully in broader discussions.
In English-speaking cultures, the term 'subtract' is similarly core to mathematics and everyday calculations. The structure and usage patterns of 'تفریق کردن' in Persian mirror those of 'subtract' in English, reinforcing its role as a foundational mathematical verb.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Mathematics Classroom
- ده را از بیست تفریق کنید.
- حاصل تفریق چیست؟
- فرمول تفریق اعداد.
Shopping/Retail
- این مبلغ را از کل فاکتور تفریق کنید.
- تخفیف را از قیمت کم کنید.
- چقدر باید تفریق شود؟
Financial Discussions
- هزینهها را از درآمد تفریق کردیم.
- سود پس از تفریق مالیات.
- مبلغی از حساب تفریق شد.
Problem Solving
- باید این مسئله را تفریق کنیم.
- کدام بخش را باید تفریق کرد؟
- بیایید تفاوتها را تفریق کنیم.
Scientific Experiments
- خطا را از اندازهگیری تفریق کنید.
- نتایج را پس از تفریق دادههای پسزمینه تحلیل کنید.
- مقادیر پرت را تفریق نمودیم.
대화 시작하기
"امروز در کلاس ریاضی، چه چیزی را یاد گرفتید؟"
"اگر بخواهید ۱۰ تومان از ۲۰ تومان کم کنید، چه عددی باقی میماند؟"
"در مورد آخرین خریدی که انجام دادید، چقدر تخفیف گرفتید و چقدر باید از کل مبلغ کم میشد؟"
"تصور کنید یک کیک بزرگ دارید و میخواهید آن را بین چند نفر تقسیم کنید. چگونه میزان سهم هر نفر را محاسبه میکنید؟"
"در زندگی روزمره، چه زمانی نیاز به تفریق کردن اعداد یا مقادیر دارید؟"
일기 주제
امروز در مورد یک موقعیت که در آن مجبور بودید چیزی را از چیزی کم کنید یا تفریق کنید، بنویسید. چه احساسی داشتید و چگونه این کار را انجام دادید؟
یک مسئله ریاضی ساده با استفاده از فعل 'تفریق کردن' بسازید و راهحل آن را توضیح دهید.
تفاوت بین 'تفریق کردن' و 'کم کردن' را درک کنید و در مورد موقعیتهایی که هر کدام مناسبتر هستند، بنویسید.
فکر کنید که چگونه مفهوم 'تفریق' میتواند در زندگی غیر از ریاضیات به کار رود. آیا میتوانید مثالی از تفریق احساسات، افکار یا موانع بزنید؟
یک داستان کوتاه بنویسید که در آن شخصیت اصلی از مهارت 'تفریق کردن' خود برای حل یک مشکل استفاده میکند.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문While both relate to reducing a quantity, 'تفریق کردن' is specifically the mathematical operation of subtraction, meaning to take one number away from another. 'کم کردن' is a more general term meaning 'to reduce' or 'to decrease' and can be used in broader contexts, such as reducing prices or quantities without necessarily performing a precise mathematical calculation. In mathematical contexts, 'تفریق کردن' is preferred for accuracy.
You can say 'ده منهای سه' (dah menhay-e se). If you want to use the verb 'تفریق کردن', you would say 'ده را از سه تفریق کنید' (subtract three from ten) or more commonly, 'ده منهای سه میشود هفت' (ten minus three equals seven).
Primarily, yes. Its core meaning is mathematical subtraction. However, it can be used metaphorically to mean 'to reduce', 'to diminish', or 'to take away' in a non-numerical sense, for example, 'تفریق کردن تعصبات' (subtracting biases). But its literal and most common usage is in mathematics and finance.
The noun form is 'تفریق' (tafriq), which means 'subtraction'.
Yes, especially when discussing finances, bills, or simple calculations. For example, 'لطفاً این مبلغ را از کل صورتحساب تفریق کنید' (Please subtract this amount from the total bill). In very casual contexts, 'کم کردن' might be used more frequently for general reductions.
Common mistakes include confusing it with 'جمع کردن' (to add), using the wrong order of numbers (e.g., subtracting the larger from the smaller incorrectly), forgetting the preposition 'از' (from), or misconjugating the verb.
You would say 'پنج را از ده تفریق کنید' (panj ra az dah tafriq konid) for a formal command or 'پنج را از ده تفریق کن' (panj ra az dah tafriq kon) for an informal command.
The direct opposite verb is 'جمع کردن' (jam' kardan), which means 'to add'.
Yes, the passive form is 'تفریق شدن' (tafriq shodan), meaning 'to be subtracted'. For example, 'این مبلغ از حساب شما تفریق خواهد شد' (This amount will be subtracted from your account).
'کسر کردن' is often used when deducting specific amounts like taxes, fees, or interest, or when dealing with fractions. 'تفریق کردن' is the more general term for subtraction. For instance, 'مالیات را کسر کردند' (they deducted the tax) is common, whereas 'مالیات را تفریق کردند' might sound slightly less idiomatic in that specific context.
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Summary
The verb 'تفریق کردن' (tafriq kardan) is the direct Persian term for 'to subtract'. It is most commonly used in mathematical and financial contexts to denote the operation of taking one quantity away from another. While it can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to reduce' or 'to diminish', its core meaning remains rooted in calculation and numerical reduction. Understanding its structure as a compound verb ('تفریق' + 'کردن') is key to mastering its usage.
- To subtract or take away a number from another.
- Primarily used in mathematical contexts.
- Can be used metaphorically to mean reduce or diminish.
- Formed from the noun 'تفریق' (subtraction) and 'کردن' (to do).
Mastering 'را' and 'از'
The correct use of the object marker 'را' and the preposition 'از' is crucial for forming accurate subtraction sentences. Remember that the number being subtracted is typically marked with 'را' and comes before the number from which it is subtracted, with 'از' connecting the two. For example: 'پنج را از ده تفریق کن' (Subtract five from ten).
Synonym Awareness
While 'تفریق کردن' is precise, be aware of synonyms like 'کم کردن' and 'کسر کردن'. 'کم کردن' is more general (to reduce), while 'کسر کردن' often implies deduction or dealing with fractions. Using the right synonym adds nuance to your Persian.
Rolling Your 'R's
The Persian 'ر' (r) is often rolled or trilled, similar to Spanish or Italian. Practicing this sound, especially in words like 'تفریق' and 'کردن', will significantly improve your pronunciation and make you more understandable.
Mathematical vs. Metaphorical Use
Understand when 'تفریق کردن' is used literally for calculations and when it's used metaphorically for reduction or diminution. Context is key to interpreting its meaning correctly.
관련 콘텐츠
numbers 관련 단어
اعشار
B1'اعشار'는 소수점을 가진 숫자, 즉 전체의 일부를 나타내는 숫자를 의미합니다.
اعشاری
B1'<strong>아샤리</strong>'(Aashari)는 페르시아어 형용사로 '소수의'를 의미하며, 소수점이 있는 숫자를 나타냅니다. 소수점 이하 부분이 포함된 숫자, 분수, 측정값 또는 계산을 수식하는 데 사용됩니다. 예를 들어, '소수'는 'عدد اعشاری'라고 합니다.
عددنویسی
B1기수법; 숫자를 할당하거나 표현하는 과정.
عددی
B1수치의, 숫자의 (e.g., 수치 데이터를 분석합니다.)
عدم دقت
B1계산의 부정확함이 실패를 초래했습니다.
عرضی
B1폭 방향의 또는 횡단적인 형용사입니다. 물체의 너비에 따라 뻗어 있거나 너비 방향으로 배열된 것을 묘사합니다. 예를 들어, 천을 너비 방향으로 자르는 것은 'عرضی' 절단입니다.
اضافه
B1추가, 여분, 과잉. 페르시아어 문법에서 단어를 연결하는 요소.
افزایش یافتن
B1증가하다, 오르다 (자동사). 예: 가격이 올랐다 (قیمتها افزایش یافت). 인구가 증가한다 (جمعیت افزایش مییابد).
افزایشی
B1이번 달 가격 추세는 상승(afzāyeši)세입니다.
آمار
B1통계에 따르면 인구가 증가하고 있습니다.
