Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In English, we never use 'will' inside a time clause; we use the Present Simple instead.
- Use Present Simple after 'when', 'before', 'after', 'until', and 'as soon as'. Example: 'When I arrive...'
- Use 'will' or 'going to' in the main part of the sentence. Example: '...I will call you.'
- If the time clause comes first, use a comma. Example: 'Before I leave, I'll say goodbye.'
Overview
I will call you when I will get home이라고 메시지를 보냈다가 뭔가 조금 이상하다고 느낀 적이 있나요? 여러분만 그런 게 아닙니다. 뇌는 논리적으로 어, 미래 이야기를 하고 있으니까 will을 두 번 써야지!라고 생각하죠.will의 함정에 빠지지 않고 미래를 이야기하는 방법을 함께 알아볼까요?How This Grammar Works
will 부분은 미래를 위한 힘든 일을 담당하고, 시간 단어는 순서를 관리합니다. 마치 이어달리기와 같습니다. 시간 단어(as soon as 등)가 현재 시제에 바톤을 넘기고, 현재 시제가 다시 미래 시제에 바톤을 넘깁니다.
Formation Pattern
when, as soon as, before, after, until 중에서 선택하세요.
will을 절대 사용하지 마세요.
will + 동사 원형).
Conjugation Table
| Form | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| --- | --- | --- |
| When + Present, Will + Verb | When I arrive, I will call you. |
도착하면 전화할게요. |
| Will + Verb + As Soon As + Present | I will eat as soon as I finish. |
끝내자마자 먹을게요. |
| Before + Present, Will + Verb | Before she leaves, she will wave. |
그녀는 떠나기 전에 손을 흔들 거예요. |
| Until + Present, Will + Verb | I will wait until you come back. |
당신이 돌아올 때까지 기다릴게요. |
When To Use It
as soon as를 사용하세요. 한계에 대해 말할 때는 until을 사용합니다.카페인을 너무 많이 섭취해서 눈이 파르르 떨리는 심야 게임 세션에 잘 어울리는 표현이죠. 사건의 명확한 순서를 보여주려면졸업하면 세계 여행을 할 거야 (After I graduate, I’ll travel the world.)" (아니면 적어도 간식을 찾아 냉장고까지 여행을 하겠죠).before와after를 사용하세요.
Common Mistakes
더블 윌(Double Will)입니다.When I will see him, I will tell him.When I see him, I will tell him.-s를 잊어버리는 것입니다.As soon as he arrive, we will start.As soon as he arrives, we will start.until을 사용할 때 주의하세요. 많은 언어에서 사람들은 by the time이라고 말하고 싶을 때 until을 사용하곤 합니다. "5시까지 기다릴게(I'll wait until 5:00)«라고 하면 시계가 5시를 가리킬 때까지 그 자리에 머문다는 뜻입니다. 만약 »5시까지 끝낼게"라고 할 때 until을 쓰면, 계속해서 반복적으로 끝내고 있는 것처럼 들립니다. 이상하죠? until은 지속적인 기다림이나 끊임없는 행동을 위해 아껴두세요.Contrast With Similar Patterns
if 조건문과 어떻게 다를까요? if는 의심(혹시 ~라면)을 암시합니다. "만약 그를 보면 말해줄게 (If I see him, I'll tell him) (어쩌면 못 볼 수도 있죠). 반면 when은 확실성을 암시합니다. 그를 볼 때 말해줄게 (When I see him, I'll tell him)« (그를 볼 거라는 걸 알고 있죠). »혹시나«와 »반드시"의 차이입니다.비가 오면 땅이 젖는다 (When it rains, the ground gets wet.)이건 매번 일어나는 일입니다. 하지만 오늘의 B1 규칙은 특정한 미래 사건을 위한 것입니다. "내일 비가 오면 집에 있을 거야 (When it rains tomorrow, I'll stay inside.)"
going to 대 will. 주절에는 going to를 쓸 수도 있습니다! "집에 가면 10시간 동안 잘 거야 (When I get home, I'm going to sleep for ten hours.)" 자신의 의도를 표현하기에 아주 좋습니다. 다만 시간 절은 *언제나* 현재 단순형으로 유지된다는 것을 기억하세요. 그것은 문장이 미래 시제의 혼란 속으로 떠내려가지 않게 잡아주는 닻과 같습니다.Quick FAQ
시간 절에서 현재 진행형(Present Continuous)을 쓸 수 있나요?
네! 행동이 진행 중인 경우입니다. I'll call you while I'm walking home. (집에 걸어가는 동안 전화할게)
as soon as가 when보다 격식 있는 표현인가요?
꼭 그렇지는 않아요. 그냥 더 빠를 뿐입니다. «직후에»라는 뜻이죠.
will 대신 shall을 쓸 수 있나요?
쓸 수는 있지만, 셰익스피어 연극을 하는 것처럼 들릴 거예요. I shall text thee when the sun sets. (해가 지면 그대에게 전하겠소) 벨벳 망토를 입고 있지 않다면 will이나 줄임말인 'll을 쓰는 게 가장 좋습니다.
과거 이야기를 하고 있다면요?
그렇다면 이 규칙은 적용되지 않습니다. 이건 엄격하게 미래 계획을 위한 것입니다. 과거의 경우 양쪽 모두에 과거 단순형을 사용합니다. When I arrived, I called him.
쉼표는 항상 필요한가요?
when/as soon as/before 부분이 문장 시작 부분에 올 때만 필요합니다. 문장 중간에 있다면 시간 단어가 접착제 역할을 하므로 쉼표라는 접착제는 필요 없습니다!
Future Time Clause Structure
| Main Clause (Future) | Conjunction | Time Clause (Present) |
|---|---|---|
|
I will call you
|
when
|
I arrive.
|
|
She is going to leave
|
as soon as
|
it stops raining.
|
|
We will wait
|
until
|
he comes.
|
|
They'll be happy
|
once
|
they finish.
|
|
I'll buy it
|
before
|
the shop closes.
|
|
You'll feel better
|
after
|
you eat.
|
Common Contractions in Main Clauses
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
I will
|
I'll
|
I'll tell you when I know.
|
|
You will
|
You'll
|
You'll see when you get there.
|
|
He will
|
He'll
|
He'll call after he lands.
|
|
She will
|
She'll
|
She'll wait until you're ready.
|
|
We will
|
We'll
|
We'll go as soon as it's time.
|
|
They will
|
They'll
|
They'll leave before we arrive.
|
Meanings
A grammar rule where the present simple tense is used to refer to future time after specific temporal conjunctions.
Immediate Sequence
Using 'as soon as' or 'once' to show one action happens immediately after another.
“As soon as the movie ends, we will go to dinner.”
“I'll tell him the news once he wakes up.”
General Future Timing
Using 'when' to indicate a certain event in the future.
“When I see her, I'll give her your message.”
“I'll be happy when the exams are over.”
Order of Events
Using 'before' and 'after' to establish a timeline for future actions.
“I'll finish this report before I go home.”
“After I graduate, I'm going to travel for a year.”
Duration and Deadlines
Using 'until' or 'till' to show an action continuing up to a specific future point.
“I'll wait here until you come back.”
“We won't start eating until everyone is here.”
Reference Table
| 시간 접속사 | 의미 | 시간 부사절 동사 | 주절 동사 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
When
|
~할 때
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
|
As soon as
|
~하자마자
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
|
Before
|
~하기 전에
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
|
After
|
~한 후에
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
|
Until
|
~할 때까지
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
|
By the time
|
~할 때쯤이면
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
|
Once
|
일단 ~하면
|
현재 시제
|
미래 (will/going to)
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
I shall contact you immediately upon my arrival. (Communication)
I will call you when I arrive. (Communication)
I'll buzz ya when I'm there. (Communication)
I'll hit you up once I land. (Communication)
미래 시간 부사절: 당신의 미래 계획표
접속사
- When ~할 때
- As soon as ~하자마자
- Before ~하기 전에
- After ~한 후에
- Until ~할 때까지
시간 부사절 동사
- 현재 시제 예: 'arrives', 'finishes'
- 현재 진행형 예: 'am waiting', 'is studying'
주절 동사
- 미래 단순 'will + verb'
- Be Going To 'am/is/are going to + verb'
- 명령문 'Do this!', 'Don't do that!'
When vs. If: 확실성 vs. 가능성
미래 시간 부사절 문장 만들기
미래 행동과 그 행동이 언제 일어나는지 말하고 싶나요?
시간 부사절이 먼저 오나요?
*시간 부사절* (When, As soon as 등 뒤)에 어떤 동사 시제를 사용하나요?
*주절*에 어떤 동사 시제를 사용하나요?
미래 시간 부사절을 사용할 상황
계획
- • When I get paid, I'll buy new shoes.
- • After we eat, we'll watch a movie.
지시/경고
- • Don't start until I say go.
- • Before you cross, look both ways.
문자/채팅
- • I'll text you as soon as I leave.
- • When you arrive, let me know.
직장/공부
- • Once I finish this essay, I'll relax.
- • By the time the meeting ends, I'll have sent the email.
수준별 예문
I will call you when I arrive.
I will call you when I arrive.
Before I sleep, I drink water.
Before I sleep, I drink water.
We will eat after the movie.
We will eat after the movie.
When it is hot, I will go swimming.
When it is hot, I will go swimming.
As soon as I get home, I'll cook dinner.
As soon as I get home, I'll cook dinner.
I'm going to wait until the rain stops.
I'm going to wait until the rain stops.
Will you buy some milk when you go to the shop?
Will you buy some milk when you go to the shop?
After he finishes work, he'll meet us.
After he finishes work, he'll meet us.
I'll send you the document once I've checked it.
I'll send you the document once I've checked it.
By the time you get this letter, I'll be in Paris.
By the time you get this letter, I'll be in Paris.
We won't start the presentation until everyone is seated.
We won't start the presentation until everyone is seated.
I'll stay in this job until I find something better.
I'll stay in this job until I find something better.
I'll have finished the report by the time the meeting starts.
I'll have finished the report by the time the meeting starts.
As soon as the results are announced, we'll let you know.
As soon as the results are announced, we'll let you know.
I'm not leaving until I've spoken to the manager.
I'm not leaving until I've spoken to the manager.
Whenever you're ready, we can set off.
Whenever you're ready, we can set off.
The policy will remain in effect until such time as the board decides otherwise.
The policy will remain in effect until such time as the board decides otherwise.
Once the dust has settled, we'll be able to assess the damage.
Once the dust has settled, we'll be able to assess the damage.
I shall not rest until justice is served.
I shall not rest until justice is served.
After the merger is finalized, several departments will be restructured.
After the merger is finalized, several departments will be restructured.
Lest there be any confusion, I will clarify the terms before the contract is signed.
Lest there be any confusion, I will clarify the terms before the contract is signed.
The system will continue to fail until the underlying architecture is overhauled.
The system will continue to fail until the underlying architecture is overhauled.
Provided that the conditions are met, the grant will be issued once the audit concludes.
Provided that the conditions are met, the grant will be issued once the audit concludes.
I'll be long gone by the time they realize what has happened.
I'll be long gone by the time they realize what has happened.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners use 'if' for certain events or 'when' for uncertain ones.
Learners use 'until' for a deadline and 'by the time' for a duration.
Learners forget that 'when' in a question *can* use 'will'.
자주 하는 실수
I will call you when I will arrive.
I will call you when I arrive.
Before I will go, I say goodbye.
Before I go, I will say goodbye.
When he come, we will eat.
When he comes, we will eat.
I wait until you will be ready.
I will wait until you are ready.
As soon as I will finish, I'll tell you.
As soon as I finish, I'll tell you.
I'm going to call you when I'm going to arrive.
I'm going to call you when I arrive.
After I will graduate, I will travel.
After I graduate, I will travel.
By the time you will get here, the food will be cold.
By the time you get here, the food will be cold.
I'll join you when I'll have finished.
I'll join you when I've finished.
Until it won't stop raining, we can't go.
Until it stops raining, we can't go.
I will stay here until he will have come.
I will stay here until he has come.
문장 패턴
I'll ___ as soon as I ___.
When it ___, we will ___.
By the time you ___, I'll have ___.
I won't ___ until I ___.
Real World Usage
I'll text u when I'm on the bus.
I will be able to start as soon as I complete my current project.
I'll pay when the food arrives.
The shuttle will leave after the last passenger boards.
I'll post the photos once I've edited them!
The agreement will terminate when the notice period ends.
시제는 'If'와 비슷하게 생각하기
If it rains, we will stay home.처럼요.
주절을 잊지 마세요!
When you finish, please let me know.처럼요.
쉼표는 일관성 있게!
계획 시 공손함
순서가 중요해요
Smart Tips
Check if one of them follows a word like 'when' or 'after'. If it does, delete that 'will'!
Swap 'when' for 'once' or 'as soon as'. It sounds more decisive.
Double-check for the 's' at the end of the verb in the time clause.
Remember: Time word at the start? Comma in the heart. Time word in the middle? No comma riddle.
발음
Contraction Stress
In the main clause, the contracted 'll' is often very soft, almost disappearing.
Comma Pause
If the time clause is first, there is a slight rising intonation followed by a pause at the comma.
Rising-Falling
When I see him (rising), I'll tell him (falling).
Indicates the first part is a condition and the second is the result.
암기하기
기억법
W.A.B.A.U. (When, After, Before, As soon as, Until) — No 'will' in the WABAU zone!
시각적 연상
Imagine a 'Will' robot trying to enter a house labeled 'When'. The door is too small, so the robot has to take off its 'Will' armor and enter as a normal 'Present' person.
Rhyme
When and After, Before and Until, use the Present and drop the Will!
Story
A traveler is planning a trip. He says, 'I'll pack my bags (Future). When I finish (Present), I'll go to the airport (Future). As soon as the plane lands (Present), I'll be in Paris (Future).'
Word Web
챌린지
Write 3 things you will do tonight using 'when', 'after', and 'as soon as'. Check that none of those clauses have 'will'!
문화 노트
BrE speakers often use 'shall' in the main clause for a more formal or determined tone, but the time clause rule remains the same.
AmE speakers almost exclusively use 'will' or 'going to' and rarely use 'shall'.
Using 'as soon as' is preferred over 'when' to show efficiency and urgency in professional settings.
This structure stems from Old English, where the present tense was used for both present and future time.
대화 시작하기
What will you do as soon as you finish work today?
Where will you go when you have your next vacation?
Will you stay in your current city until you retire?
What's the first thing you'll buy when you become a millionaire?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
As soon as the movie ___, we'll order popcorn.
Find and fix the mistake:
I'm going to wait until she will call me back.
올바른 문장을 고르세요:
Translate into English: 'Cuando termine mi trabajo, iré al gimnasio.'
Answer starts with: ["W...
Score: /4
연습 문제
8 exercisesI will call you when I ___ at the hotel.
As soon as she ___ (finish) the book, she will lend it to me.
Find and fix the mistake:
I'll wait here until you will come back.
I will leave the office. I will finish the report.
When the sun will set, it will get cold.
A: When are we leaving? B: We'll leave as soon as the taxi ___.
Pick the correct future time clause.
1. I'll be happy... 2. We'll go out... 3. I'll stay here...
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesWe'll discuss the details after everyone ___ the proposal.
He's going to study until he will understand the concept.
어떤 문장이 문법적으로 올바른가요?
Translate into English: 'No saldré hasta que termine de llover.'
이 단어들을 문장으로 배열하세요:
접속사를 가장 적절한 설명과 연결하세요:
By the time the guests ___, we'll have prepared dinner.
After I will finish university, I am going to travel.
올바른 문장을 고르세요:
Translate into English: 'Antes de que el jefe lo apruebe, no podemos empezar.'
이 단어들을 문장으로 배열하세요:
Please remember to mute your mic while you ___.
시작 부분을 올바른 끝 부분과 연결하세요:
Score: /13
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Only if 'when' is a question word, not a time conjunction. For example: 'When will you arrive?' is correct, but 'I'll call you when you arrive' is the rule for time clauses.
This rule only applies to the future. In the past, both clauses usually use the past tense: 'When I arrived, I called him.'
Grammatically, they are the same. Meaning-wise, 'as soon as' is much faster—it means 'immediately after'.
No. Just like 'will', 'going to' is generally avoided in the time clause. Use the Present Simple instead.
It's a way to simplify the sentence. Since the main clause already says 'will', the time clause doesn't need it to be understood as future.
Yes! The First Conditional ('If it rains, I will...') follows the exact same tense rule.
Yes, if you want to emphasize an ongoing action: 'I'll call you when I'm having lunch.' But Present Simple is much more common.
'Until' is for a continuous action (I'll wait until 5). 'By the time' is for a single event that happens before a deadline (By the time I arrive, the show will have started).
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Cuando + Subjunctive
English has no subjunctive requirement here.
Quand + Future
English forbids the future tense in the 'when' part.
Wenn + Present
German uses 'wenn' for both 'if' and 'when', which causes confusion in English.
Verb-ru + toki / Verb-tara
Japanese doesn't have a 'will' equivalent to misplace, so the error is less common.
Indama + Present
The word order and verb conjugation are the main hurdles.
...de shihou
Chinese speakers often forget the English future marker 'will' in the main clause.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
관련 동영상
Related Grammar Rules
가정법 현재: Unless = If Not
### Overview 영어 문법에서 **`unless`**는 조건문, 특히 **First Conditional (1형 조건문)**에서 중요한 접속사 역할을 합니...
영 조건문: 습관 및 일상
### 개요 습관과 일상을 나타낼 때 사용되는 '영문법의 제로 컨디셔널(Zero Conditional)'은, 특정 조건이 반복적으로 충족될...
Can: 능력 표현하기 (Can)
Overview 백플립 할 수 있어? 아니면 그냥 괜찮은 사워도우 빵이라도 구울 수 있니? 어느 쪽이든, 넌 `can`을 사용하고 있는 거...
혼합 가정법: 과거의 행동, 현재의 결과 (Type 2)
### Overview Mixed Conditionals(혼합 조건문), 그중에서도 '과거의 행동이 현재의 결과에 영향을 미치는 경우(Type 2 Mixed C...
Suppose & Supposing: '만약 ~라면' 게임
### Overview 영어 학습이 B2 레벨, 즉 중상급 단계에 도달하면 단순히 의사를 전달하는 수준을 넘어, 상대방의 생각을 자극하...
