Propositions Temporelles Futures (When, As Soon As, Before, After)
présent simple dans les clauses de temps pour bien synchroniser tes événements futurs. Facile une fois que tu as le truc!
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
In English, we never use 'will' inside a time clause; we use the Present Simple instead.
- Use Present Simple after 'when', 'before', 'after', 'until', and 'as soon as'. Example: 'When I arrive...'
- Use 'will' or 'going to' in the main part of the sentence. Example: '...I will call you.'
- If the time clause comes first, use a comma. Example: 'Before I leave, I'll say goodbye.'
Overview
I will call you when I will get home en sentant que quelque chose clochait ? Vous n'êtes pas seul. Votre cerveau pense logiquement : « Hé, je parle du futur, donc je devrais utiliser will deux fois !will.How This Grammar Works
will fait le gros du travail pour le futur, tandis que le mot de temps gère le séquençage.as soon as) passe le témoin au présent, qui le passe ensuite au futur. Si vous essayez de donner deux témoins de futur à la fois, tout le monde trébuche.
Formation Pattern
when, as soon as, before, after ou until.
will ici.
will + Verbe de base).
Conjugation Table
| Form | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| --- | --- | --- |
| When + Present, Will + Verb | When I arrive, I will call you. |
Quand j'arriverai, je t'appellerai. |
| Will + Verb + As Soon As + Present | I will eat as soon as I finish. |
Je mangerai dès que j'aurai fini. |
| Before + Present, Will + Verb | Before she leaves, she will wave. |
Avant qu'elle ne parte, elle fera un signe. |
| Until + Present, Will + Verb | I will wait until you come back. |
J'attendrai jusqu'à ce que tu reviennes. |
When To Use It
as soon as quand vous voulez paraître urgent ou super efficace.until quand vous parlez d'une limite. « I won't stop gaming until I win this level. » C'est idéal pour ces sessions de fin de nuit où vous avez pris trop de caféine et que vos yeux sautent.before et after pour montrer une séquence claire d'événements. « After I graduate, I’ll travel the world. » (Ou du moins, je voyagerai jusqu'au frigo pour un snack).
Common Mistakes
When I will see him, I will tell him.When I see him, I will tell him.As soon as he arrive, we will start.As soon as he arrives, we will start.until. Dans de nombreuses langues, les gens utilisent until quand ils veulent dire by the time. Si vous dites « I'll wait until 5:00 », cela signifie que vous restez là jusqu'à ce que l'horloge affiche 5h00. Si vous dites « I'll finish until 5:00 », on a l'impression que vous finissez constamment encore et encore. Bizarre, non ? Gardez votre until pour les attentes continues ou les actions ininterrompues.Contrast With Similar Patterns
if normal ? If implique un doute. « If I see him, I'll tell him » (Peut-être que je ne le verrai pas).When implique une certitude. « When I see him, I'll tell him » (Je sais que je vais le voir). C'est la différence entre un « peut-être » et un « certainement ».going to vs will. Vous pouvez aussi utiliser going to dans la proposition principale ! « When I get home, I'm going to sleep for ten hours.Quick FAQ
I'll call you while I'm walking home.as soon as est plus formel que when ?shall au lieu de will ?I shall text thee when the sun sets. Il vaut mieux s'en tenir à will ou 'll à moins de porter une cape en velours.When I arrived, I called him.when/as soon as/before commence la phrase. Si elle est au milieu, le mot de temps agit comme de la colle, donc pas besoin de virgule !Future Time Clause Structure
| Main Clause (Future) | Conjunction | Time Clause (Present) |
|---|---|---|
|
I will call you
|
when
|
I arrive.
|
|
She is going to leave
|
as soon as
|
it stops raining.
|
|
We will wait
|
until
|
he comes.
|
|
They'll be happy
|
once
|
they finish.
|
|
I'll buy it
|
before
|
the shop closes.
|
|
You'll feel better
|
after
|
you eat.
|
Common Contractions in Main Clauses
| Full Form | Contraction | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
I will
|
I'll
|
I'll tell you when I know.
|
|
You will
|
You'll
|
You'll see when you get there.
|
|
He will
|
He'll
|
He'll call after he lands.
|
|
She will
|
She'll
|
She'll wait until you're ready.
|
|
We will
|
We'll
|
We'll go as soon as it's time.
|
|
They will
|
They'll
|
They'll leave before we arrive.
|
Meanings
A grammar rule where the present simple tense is used to refer to future time after specific temporal conjunctions.
Immediate Sequence
Using 'as soon as' or 'once' to show one action happens immediately after another.
“As soon as the movie ends, we will go to dinner.”
“I'll tell him the news once he wakes up.”
General Future Timing
Using 'when' to indicate a certain event in the future.
“When I see her, I'll give her your message.”
“I'll be happy when the exams are over.”
Order of Events
Using 'before' and 'after' to establish a timeline for future actions.
“I'll finish this report before I go home.”
“After I graduate, I'm going to travel for a year.”
Duration and Deadlines
Using 'until' or 'till' to show an action continuing up to a specific future point.
“I'll wait here until you come back.”
“We won't start eating until everyone is here.”
Reference Table
| Mot de Temps | Signification | Verbe Clause de Temps | Verbe Clause Principale |
|---|---|---|---|
|
When
|
Au moment où
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
|
As soon as
|
Immédiatement après
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
|
Before
|
Avant le moment où
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
|
After
|
Après le moment où
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
|
Until
|
Jusqu'au moment où
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
|
By the time
|
Au plus tard au moment où
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
|
Once
|
Dès que; quand
|
Présent Simple
|
Futur (will/going to)
|
Spectre de formalité
I shall contact you immediately upon my arrival. (Communication)
I will call you when I arrive. (Communication)
I'll buzz ya when I'm there. (Communication)
I'll hit you up once I land. (Communication)
Clauses de Temps Futur : Ton Planificateur du Futur
Connecteurs
- When Au moment où
- As soon as Immédiatement après
- Before Avant le
- After Subséquent au
- Until Jusqu'au moment où
Verbe Clause de Temps
- Simple Present par ex., 'arrives', 'finishes'
- Present Continuous par ex., 'am waiting', 'is studying'
Verbe Clause Principale
- Future Simple 'will + verbe'
- Be Going To 'am/is/are going to + verbe'
- Imperative 'Fais ceci !', 'Ne fais pas cela !'
When vs. If : Certitude vs. Possibilité
Construire une Phrase avec une Clause de Temps Futur
Veux-tu exprimer une action future + quand elle se produit ?
La clause de temps est-elle en premier ?
Quel temps verbal pour la *clause de temps* (après When, As soon as, etc.) ?
Quel temps verbal pour la *clause principale* ?
Où tu utiliseras les Clauses de Temps Futur
Planification
- • When I get paid, I'll buy new shoes.
- • After we eat, we'll watch a movie.
Instructions/Avertissements
- • Don't start until I say go.
- • Before you cross, look both ways.
SMS/Chat
- • I'll text you as soon as I leave.
- • When you arrive, let me know.
Travail/Études
- • Once I finish this essay, I'll relax.
- • By the time the meeting ends, I'll have sent the email.
Exemples par niveau
I will call you when I arrive.
I will call you when I arrive.
Before I sleep, I drink water.
Before I sleep, I drink water.
We will eat after the movie.
We will eat after the movie.
When it is hot, I will go swimming.
When it is hot, I will go swimming.
As soon as I get home, I'll cook dinner.
As soon as I get home, I'll cook dinner.
I'm going to wait until the rain stops.
I'm going to wait until the rain stops.
Will you buy some milk when you go to the shop?
Will you buy some milk when you go to the shop?
After he finishes work, he'll meet us.
After he finishes work, he'll meet us.
I'll send you the document once I've checked it.
I'll send you the document once I've checked it.
By the time you get this letter, I'll be in Paris.
By the time you get this letter, I'll be in Paris.
We won't start the presentation until everyone is seated.
We won't start the presentation until everyone is seated.
I'll stay in this job until I find something better.
I'll stay in this job until I find something better.
I'll have finished the report by the time the meeting starts.
I'll have finished the report by the time the meeting starts.
As soon as the results are announced, we'll let you know.
As soon as the results are announced, we'll let you know.
I'm not leaving until I've spoken to the manager.
I'm not leaving until I've spoken to the manager.
Whenever you're ready, we can set off.
Whenever you're ready, we can set off.
The policy will remain in effect until such time as the board decides otherwise.
The policy will remain in effect until such time as the board decides otherwise.
Once the dust has settled, we'll be able to assess the damage.
Once the dust has settled, we'll be able to assess the damage.
I shall not rest until justice is served.
I shall not rest until justice is served.
After the merger is finalized, several departments will be restructured.
After the merger is finalized, several departments will be restructured.
Lest there be any confusion, I will clarify the terms before the contract is signed.
Lest there be any confusion, I will clarify the terms before the contract is signed.
The system will continue to fail until the underlying architecture is overhauled.
The system will continue to fail until the underlying architecture is overhauled.
Provided that the conditions are met, the grant will be issued once the audit concludes.
Provided that the conditions are met, the grant will be issued once the audit concludes.
I'll be long gone by the time they realize what has happened.
I'll be long gone by the time they realize what has happened.
Facile à confondre
Learners use 'if' for certain events or 'when' for uncertain ones.
Learners use 'until' for a deadline and 'by the time' for a duration.
Learners forget that 'when' in a question *can* use 'will'.
Erreurs courantes
I will call you when I will arrive.
I will call you when I arrive.
Before I will go, I say goodbye.
Before I go, I will say goodbye.
When he come, we will eat.
When he comes, we will eat.
I wait until you will be ready.
I will wait until you are ready.
As soon as I will finish, I'll tell you.
As soon as I finish, I'll tell you.
I'm going to call you when I'm going to arrive.
I'm going to call you when I arrive.
After I will graduate, I will travel.
After I graduate, I will travel.
By the time you will get here, the food will be cold.
By the time you get here, the food will be cold.
I'll join you when I'll have finished.
I'll join you when I've finished.
Until it won't stop raining, we can't go.
Until it stops raining, we can't go.
I will stay here until he will have come.
I will stay here until he has come.
Structures de phrases
I'll ___ as soon as I ___.
When it ___, we will ___.
By the time you ___, I'll have ___.
I won't ___ until I ___.
Real World Usage
I'll text u when I'm on the bus.
I will be able to start as soon as I complete my current project.
I'll pay when the food arrives.
The shuttle will leave after the last passenger boards.
I'll post the photos once I've edited them!
The agreement will terminate when the notice period ends.
Pense au 'If' pour le temps
N'oublie pas la clause principale!
When you finish, I will give you a reward.
La virgule, c'est important
Pas besoin de virgule si la clause principale est en premier:I'll text you when I get there."
Plus poli pour planifier
Call me when you arrive!(direct), essaie
Could you call me when you arrive?(plus doux, plus courant).
L'ordre compte
After I finish my homework, I will watch TV.
Smart Tips
Check if one of them follows a word like 'when' or 'after'. If it does, delete that 'will'!
Swap 'when' for 'once' or 'as soon as'. It sounds more decisive.
Double-check for the 's' at the end of the verb in the time clause.
Remember: Time word at the start? Comma in the heart. Time word in the middle? No comma riddle.
Prononciation
Contraction Stress
In the main clause, the contracted 'll' is often very soft, almost disappearing.
Comma Pause
If the time clause is first, there is a slight rising intonation followed by a pause at the comma.
Rising-Falling
When I see him (rising), I'll tell him (falling).
Indicates the first part is a condition and the second is the result.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
W.A.B.A.U. (When, After, Before, As soon as, Until) — No 'will' in the WABAU zone!
Association visuelle
Imagine a 'Will' robot trying to enter a house labeled 'When'. The door is too small, so the robot has to take off its 'Will' armor and enter as a normal 'Present' person.
Rhyme
When and After, Before and Until, use the Present and drop the Will!
Story
A traveler is planning a trip. He says, 'I'll pack my bags (Future). When I finish (Present), I'll go to the airport (Future). As soon as the plane lands (Present), I'll be in Paris (Future).'
Word Web
Défi
Write 3 things you will do tonight using 'when', 'after', and 'as soon as'. Check that none of those clauses have 'will'!
Notes culturelles
BrE speakers often use 'shall' in the main clause for a more formal or determined tone, but the time clause rule remains the same.
AmE speakers almost exclusively use 'will' or 'going to' and rarely use 'shall'.
Using 'as soon as' is preferred over 'when' to show efficiency and urgency in professional settings.
This structure stems from Old English, where the present tense was used for both present and future time.
Amorces de conversation
What will you do as soon as you finish work today?
Where will you go when you have your next vacation?
Will you stay in your current city until you retire?
What's the first thing you'll buy when you become a millionaire?
Sujets d'écriture
Erreurs courantes
Test Yourself
As soon as the movie ___, we'll order popcorn.
Find and fix the mistake:
I'm going to wait until she will call me back.
Choisis la phrase correcte :
Traduis en anglais : 'Cuando termine mi trabajo, iré al gimnasio.'
Answer starts with: ["W...
Score: /4
Exercices pratiques
8 exercisesI will call you when I ___ at the hotel.
As soon as she ___ (finish) the book, she will lend it to me.
Find and fix the mistake:
I'll wait here until you will come back.
I will leave the office. I will finish the report.
When the sun will set, it will get cold.
A: When are we leaving? B: We'll leave as soon as the taxi ___.
Pick the correct future time clause.
1. I'll be happy... 2. We'll go out... 3. I'll stay here...
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesWe'll discuss the details after everyone ___ the proposal.
He's going to study until he will understand the concept.
Quelle phrase est grammaticalement correcte ?
Traduis en anglais : 'No saldré hasta que termine de llover.'
Arrange ces mots pour former une phrase :
Associe les connecteurs à leur meilleure description :
By the time the guests ___, we'll have prepared dinner.
After I will finish university, I am going to travel.
Choisis la phrase correcte :
Traduis en anglais : 'Antes de que el jefe lo apruebe, no podemos empezar.'
Arrange ces mots pour former une phrase :
Please remember to mute your mic while you ___.
Associe le début avec la bonne fin :
Score: /13
FAQ (8)
Only if 'when' is a question word, not a time conjunction. For example: 'When will you arrive?' is correct, but 'I'll call you when you arrive' is the rule for time clauses.
This rule only applies to the future. In the past, both clauses usually use the past tense: 'When I arrived, I called him.'
Grammatically, they are the same. Meaning-wise, 'as soon as' is much faster—it means 'immediately after'.
No. Just like 'will', 'going to' is generally avoided in the time clause. Use the Present Simple instead.
It's a way to simplify the sentence. Since the main clause already says 'will', the time clause doesn't need it to be understood as future.
Yes! The First Conditional ('If it rains, I will...') follows the exact same tense rule.
Yes, if you want to emphasize an ongoing action: 'I'll call you when I'm having lunch.' But Present Simple is much more common.
'Until' is for a continuous action (I'll wait until 5). 'By the time' is for a single event that happens before a deadline (By the time I arrive, the show will have started).
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Cuando + Subjunctive
English has no subjunctive requirement here.
Quand + Future
English forbids the future tense in the 'when' part.
Wenn + Present
German uses 'wenn' for both 'if' and 'when', which causes confusion in English.
Verb-ru + toki / Verb-tara
Japanese doesn't have a 'will' equivalent to misplace, so the error is less common.
Indama + Present
The word order and verb conjugation are the main hurdles.
...de shihou
Chinese speakers often forget the English future marker 'will' in the main clause.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
Minuter vos actions: When, Before, After
### Overview Dans ton apprentissage de l'anglais, tu as sans doute remarqué que structurer une phrase ne se limite pas...
Premier Conditionnel : Possibilités Futures Réelles
### Overview Le **First Conditional**, ou premier conditionnel, est une structure grammaticale fondamentale en anglais...
Vidéos associées
Related Grammar Rules
Premier Conditionnel: Unless = If Not
### Overview Maîtriser les structures conditionnelles est une étape charnière pour tout apprenant de niveau B1. C'est l...
Conditionnel Zéro: Habitudes et Routines
### Overview Le `Zero Conditional` est une structure fondamentale de la langue anglaise, particulièrement lorsqu'il s'a...
Can: Exprimer la capacité (Can)
### Vue d'ensemble Le verbe modal `can` est un pilier de la communication en anglais, principalement utilisé pour expri...
Conditionnels mixtes : Action passée, résultat présent (Type 2)
### Overview Les conditionnels mixtes sont un outil sophistiqué de la grammaire anglaise, essentiels pour atteindre un...
Suppose & Supposing : Le jeu du 'Et si'
### Overview En tant que francophones, nous utilisons souvent des structures comme « si jamais » ou « imaginons que » p...
