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B2 noun 14분 분량

Mérite

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 Mérite 30초 만에

설명 Mérite in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'mérite' as a way to say someone is doing something 'good' or 'hard.' While you might not use the word yourself yet, you might hear a teacher say 'C'est bien, tu as du mérite' when you try hard to speak French. It simply means you are making a great effort and that effort is being noticed. Think of it as a 'gold star' for your hard work. You don't need to worry about the complex grammar yet; just recognize that it is a positive word about working hard. If you see it in a sentence, it usually means someone deserves a high five. For example, if a child cleans their room without being asked, they have 'du mérite.' It is a simple concept of 'effort equals praise.' At this level, focus on the idea that 'mérite' is about the 'try' and not just the 'win.' If you try to learn a new word every day, you have 'du mérite'!

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'mérite' in simple sentences to talk about people you admire. You might say 'Mon ami a du mérite' (My friend has merit/credit) because he works very late. You are learning to express opinions, and 'mérite' is a great word for that. It's more specific than just saying 'il est bon' (he is good). It shows you understand that his success comes from his work. You can also use it with the verb 'avoir' to describe yourself or others: 'J'ai du mérite d'apprendre le français.' This means 'I deserve credit for learning French.' It’s a way to acknowledge that something is difficult but you are doing it anyway. You will also see it on some French awards or certificates. Remember, it's a noun, so it usually follows 'du' or 'un.' Start noticing how people use it to give compliments that are deeper than just 'nice job.'

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'mérite' to discuss social and professional situations. You can use the phrase 'selon le mérite' to talk about how things should be fair. For example, 'Les notes doivent être données selon le mérite' (Grades should be given according to merit). You are also ready for the very useful structure 'avoir le mérite de' followed by a verb. This is perfect for when you want to point out one good thing about something that might not be perfect. 'Ce film est long, mais il a le mérite d'être original.' This adds nuance to your speaking and writing. You can also start using it in the plural, 'les mérites,' when comparing two things, like two different phones or two different cities. You are moving beyond simple praise to analytical comparison. You understand that 'mérite' is a key part of how French people talk about success and fairness in society.

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At the B2 level, 'mérite' becomes an essential tool for sophisticated arguments. You are expected to use it to discuss abstract concepts like 'méritocratie' or 'justice sociale.' You can use it to weigh different sides of an issue: 'Il faut reconnaître le mérite de cette proposition, tout en soulignant ses faiblesses.' You should also be aware of the difference between 'mérite' and 'droit.' In a debate about university entrance, you might argue whether it should be 'au mérite' (based on grades) or a 'droit pour tous' (a right for everyone). You should also be familiar with formal expressions like 'revenir à' (The credit goes to...). At this level, you use 'mérite' not just to give a compliment, but to analyze the value of actions, ideas, and systems. You can also use it ironically or critically, such as 's'attribuer le mérite' (to take credit for oneself), to describe office politics or historical disputes. Your use of the word shows a deep understanding of French values regarding effort and reward.

At the C1 level, your use of 'mérite' should reflect a mastery of register and nuance. You can use it in literary or highly formal contexts to discuss the 'mérites' of a philosophical argument or a work of art. You are sensitive to the historical weight of the word in French culture, perhaps referencing the 'Ordre national du Mérite' or the Napoleonic roots of French meritocracy. You can use the word to navigate complex social interactions, such as 'se faire un mérite de' to subtly critique someone's ego. You might explore the word's role in legal language or high-level political discourse, where 'le mérite' is contrasted with 'l'égalité réelle.' Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'méritoire' (meritorious) or 'méritant' (deserving), and you can switch between them to achieve precise rhetorical effects. You understand that 'mérite' is a pillar of the French identity, and you can engage in deep cultural discussions about whether the French system truly rewards merit or if it's a 'mirage méritocratique.'

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At the C2 level, 'mérite' is a word you use with total precision and stylistic flair. You can appreciate its use in 17th-century classical literature (like the works of Corneille or Racine) where 'le mérite' was a central theme of nobility and character. You can write complex essays analyzing the sociological implications of 'mérite' in modern France, perhaps citing authors like Pierre Bourdieu who critiqued the concept. You use the word in all its idiomatic glory, effortlessly weaving it into high-level debates, academic papers, or professional negotiations. You can distinguish between the 'mérite' of an individual and the 'mérite' of a cause with subtle linguistic markers. Your command of the word allows you to use it as a scalpel in debate, precisely identifying where value lies and where it is merely performative. You are not just using a word; you are wielding a concept that is central to the French language's ability to express moral and intellectual judgment.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

Mérite 30초 만에

Mérite is a noun meaning merit or worth, emphasizing that someone has earned praise or a reward through their own hard work and effort.
Commonly used in the phrase 'avoir du mérite' to acknowledge someone's struggle or 'au mérite' to describe a fair system of selection.
It can also mean the advantages of a thing, often used as 'avoir le mérite de' to point out a specific positive feature.
In French culture, it is a key value linked to social mobility and the idea that success should be based on talent, not birth.

The French noun mérite is a multifaceted term that transcends simple 'worth' to encompass a deep cultural philosophy regarding effort, justice, and social recognition. At its core, it refers to the quality of a person or an action that renders them worthy of esteem, reward, or praise. In the French Republican tradition, the concept of méritocratie (meritocracy) is foundational, dating back to the Revolution when the 'nobility of blood' was replaced by the 'nobility of merit.' When a French speaker uses this word, they are often making a moral or professional judgment about the intrinsic value of an endeavor rather than just its final outcome. It is a word that carries weight in academic, professional, and personal spheres, often used to validate the hard work someone has put into a difficult task.

Intrinsic Quality: The essential worth of something, independent of external rewards. For instance, a difficult project has 'mérite' even if it doesn't win an award.

Son succès n'est pas dû à la chance, mais à son propre mérite.

Beyond individual achievement, 'mérite' is used to describe the advantages or positive aspects of a thing or an idea. When evaluating a proposal, a manager might say it 'a le mérite d'être clair' (has the merit of being clear), suggesting that even if the plan isn't perfect, its clarity is a significant virtue. This specific construction—avoir le mérite de followed by an infinitive—is one of the most common ways you will encounter the word in daily French. It allows the speaker to acknowledge a specific strength while perhaps implying there are other weaknesses. In a social context, 'mérite' is also tied to the idea of 'deservingness.' To say someone has 'beaucoup de mérite' often implies they have overcome significant obstacles or worked under difficult conditions. It is a form of high praise that recognizes resilience and character.

Elle a beaucoup de mérite d'avoir élevé ses enfants seule tout en travaillant.

Social Recognition: The public acknowledgment of one's contributions, such as the 'Ordre national du Mérite' in France.

In the plural, les mérites, it refers to the different qualities or advantages of a person or thing. You might 'vanter les mérites' (extol the merits) of a new technology or a political candidate. This implies a detailed list of positive attributes. In academic settings, 'le mérite' is the criteria for scholarships (bourses au mérite), emphasizing that the financial aid is earned through performance rather than just financial need. This distinction is crucial in understanding the French educational mindset, where competition and excellence are highly valued.

Les bourses sont attribuées selon le mérite académique.

Finally, the word appears in several fixed expressions that are essential for B2 learners. 'À chacun son mérite' is a way of saying that everyone should be recognized for what they specifically contributed. 'Se faire un mérite de quelque chose' means to take pride in something or to expect credit for it, sometimes used with a hint of irony if the person is being boastful. Understanding 'mérite' is not just about vocabulary; it is about understanding the French valuation of effort, transparency, and justice in achievement.

Ce livre a le mérite d'expliquer des concepts complexes simplement.

Comparative Worth: Used when weighing the pros and cons of different solutions in a logical argument.

Il ne faut pas s'attribuer tout le mérite de cette victoire collective.

Using mérite correctly requires an understanding of its typical grammatical partners. It most frequently appears as the direct object of the verb avoir. When you say someone 'a du mérite,' you are acknowledging their hardship or their commendable effort. This is a very common way to express empathy or respect in French. For example, 'Tu as bien du mérite de supporter ce bruit toute la journée' (You have a lot of merit/credit for putting up with that noise all day). Here, the word functions as an uncountable noun, usually preceded by the partitive article du or an adjective like grand or beaucoup de.

With Infinitive Clauses: The structure 'avoir le mérite de + infinitif' is a hallmark of sophisticated French, used to highlight a specific positive trait. Example: 'Cette solution a le mérite d'être gratuite.'

Son intervention a eu le mérite de relancer le débat.

Another common construction involves the preposition selon (according to). In contexts like employment, grading, or sports, things are often done 'selon le mérite.' This reinforces the idea of fairness and objective evaluation. For instance, 'Les promotions seront accordées selon le mérite' (Promotions will be granted according to merit). In this usage, it is a definite noun, representing a system or a standard of measurement. It’s important to note that while English often uses 'credit' in these situations (e.g., 'give credit where credit is due'), French prefers 'mérite' or 'rendre justice.' When discussing the 'merits' of a case or a person in the plural, it often follows verbs like juger (to judge), évaluer (to evaluate), or vanter (to boast/praise). 'Le jury a évalué les mérites respectifs des candidats' (The jury evaluated the respective merits of the candidates). In this plural form, it refers to specific strengths or qualifications. It is less about the abstract concept of 'worthiness' and more about a list of positive attributes.

Nous avons longuement discuté des mérites de chaque proposition.

Negative Constructions: 'Sans mérite' describes something achieved without effort or virtue. 'Gagner sans mérite' implies the win was unearned or too easy.

In formal writing, you might encounter 'revenir à' (to go to/to be the credit of). 'Le mérite de cette découverte revient à toute l'équipe' (The credit for this discovery goes to the whole team). This is a very elegant way to assign praise. Conversely, 's'attribuer le mérite' (to take the credit) is often used negatively to describe someone who claims praise for work they didn't do.

Il s'est indûment attribué le mérite de mon invention.

Prepositional Phrases: 'Au mérite' acts as an adverbial phrase meaning 'based on merit.' For example: 'recruter au mérite'.

Elle a réussi son examen au mérite, sans aucune aide.

You will encounter mérite in a wide variety of contexts in France, from the evening news to the school playground. One of the most prominent places is in the discussion of national honors. France has several orders of merit, the most famous being the Légion d'honneur and the Ordre national du Mérite. When these awards are announced, usually on Bastille Day or New Year's Day, news anchors will use the word 'mérite' repeatedly to describe the services rendered to the nation by the recipients. In this context, it takes on a very formal, patriotic tone.

News & Politics: Used when debating social mobility and the fairness of the 'Grandes Écoles' system. Politicians often speak of 'la valeur mérite'.

Le Président a remis les insignes de l'Ordre national du Mérite aux sportifs médaillés.

In the workplace, 'mérite' is a buzzword during annual reviews (entretiens annuels). Managers talk about 'primes au mérite' (merit-based bonuses) or 'promotion au mérite.' Here, the word is associated with performance indicators and objective results. It's a key term for anyone working in a French-speaking professional environment. You might hear a colleague say, 'J'espère que mon mérite sera enfin reconnu,' expressing a desire for their hard work to be validated by a salary increase or a new title. Academic settings are perhaps where the word is most ingrained. From a young age, French students are told that their success depends on their 'mérite personnel.' Scholarships, entry into elite schools, and even the ranking within a class are all seen through the lens of merit. You will hear teachers say, 'Ce travail a le mérite d'être original,' which is a way of giving a compliment even if the work has technical flaws. It acknowledges the student's effort to think outside the box.

Il a obtenu une bourse au mérite grâce à ses excellentes notes au Bac.

Sports Commentary: Commentators often discuss whether a team's victory was 'méritée' (deserved) or if they 'avaient le mérite' of staying focused until the end.

In the legal and philosophical world, 'mérite' is discussed in terms of justice. Is a punishment fair? Does the 'mérite' of the action outweigh the mistake? While these are more abstract, you might hear such discussions on radio programs like France Culture or in opinion pieces in Le Monde. The word is a staple of French intellectual discourse, used to weigh the moral value of human actions.

Cette théorie a le mérite de simplifier un problème pourtant très complexe.

Daily Social Interactions: Commonly used to acknowledge someone's patience or persistence: 'On a du mérite à t'écouter !' (often said jokingly).

Les critiques ont reconnu les mérites artistiques de ce premier film.

For English speakers, the most common pitfall with mérite is confusing the noun with the verb mériter. Because the third-person singular of the verb is also 'mérite' (e.g., il mérite), learners often mix up the syntax. Remember: 'le mérite' is a thing you have or give, while 'mériter' is the action of being worthy of something. You cannot say 'C'est son mérite de gagner' when you mean 'He deserves to win' (that would be 'Il mérite de gagner'). Use the noun when you are talking about the *quality* of the person or the *system* of reward.

Noun vs. Verb: Mistake: 'Il a mérite.' Correct: 'Il a du mérite.' The noun almost always needs an article or a partitive.

Attention : 'Il mérite' (verbe) vs 'C'est son mérite' (nom).

Another common error is using 'crédit' where French uses 'mérite.' In English, we 'give someone credit' for an idea. In French, while 'donner du crédit' exists, it often means to give someone's words credibility or belief. To give someone praise for an achievement, you should say 'attribuer le mérite à quelqu'un' or 'revenir à.' For example, 'Le mérite de ce projet lui revient' is the natural way to say 'The credit for this project goes to him.' Using 'crédit' in this sense can sound like a literal translation from English (an anglicism) and might be misunderstood as a financial or credibility-based statement. Learners also struggle with the plural. In English, we rarely say 'the merits of the person,' but in French, 'les mérites d'une personne' is quite common in formal evaluations. However, don't use the plural when you are expressing empathy. You wouldn't say 'Tu as des mérites' to a friend who is working hard; you must say 'Tu as du mérite' (singular). The plural is reserved for specific points of advantage or formal listings of qualities.

Ne dites pas : 'Tu as des mérites.' Dites : 'Tu as bien du mérite.'

Preposition Pitfalls: Mistake: 'Un prix de mérite.' Correct: 'Un prix au mérite.' Use 'au' to indicate the basis or criteria of the award.

Finally, be careful with the expression 'se faire un mérite de.' It doesn't mean to become meritorious; it means to take pride in something or to boast about it. If you use it incorrectly, you might accidentally sound arrogant. For example, 'Il se fait un mérite de sa ponctualité' means he's making a big deal out of being on time. If you just want to say he is punctual, simply say 'Il est ponctuel.'

Le mérite ne doit pas être confondu avec la simple récompense matérielle.

To enrich your French vocabulary, it's helpful to compare mérite with its synonyms and related terms. While 'mérite' is the most standard term for earned worth, other words might be more appropriate depending on the register and specific nuance you wish to convey. For example, valeur is a broader term. While a person has 'mérite' because of what they do, they have 'valeur' because of who they are or what they represent. In a business context, 'valeur ajoutée' (added value) is common, but 'mérite' would be used to describe the employee's dedication.

Mérite vs. Talent: 'Talent' is an innate ability, whereas 'mérite' usually implies that the talent was developed through hard work and discipline.

Il a du talent, certes, mais son mérite est d'avoir travaillé sans relâche.

Another interesting alternative is vertu (virtue). In older or more literary French, 'mérite' and 'vertu' were often used interchangeably to describe moral excellence. Today, 'vertu' is specifically moral, while 'mérite' can be intellectual or professional. If you want to describe someone's specific strengths, you might use qualités or atouts (assets). 'Elle a de grandes qualités' is more personal, while 'C'est un atout pour l'entreprise' is more functional. However, neither quite captures the 'earned' aspect of 'mérite.' When talking about rewards, récompense and prix are synonyms for the physical manifestation of merit. A 'prix au mérite' is a prize given because of merit. If you want to emphasize the difficulty of an achievement, you might use prouesse (feat) or exploit. These words focus on the action itself, whereas 'mérite' focuses on the person's worthiness resulting from that action.

Mérite vs. Droit: A 'droit' (right) is something you are entitled to by law, whereas 'mérite' is something you earn through behavior.

Ce n'est pas un droit acquis, c'est une récompense au mérite.

In informal settings, you might hear classe to describe someone with a lot of merit or style, though it's much more colloquial. 'Il a de la classe' can sometimes overlap with the idea of someone being admirable. However, for B2 students, sticking to 'mérite' is safer and more precise for formal and semi-formal communication. Understanding these distinctions helps you choose the right word for the right situation, ensuring your French sounds natural and nuanced.

Nous devons peser le mérite de chaque argument avant de trancher.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In theological terms in the Middle Ages, 'mérite' was a central concept regarding how humans could 'earn' grace or salvation through good works, a debate that later became central to the Reformation.

발음 가이드

UK /me.ʁit/

US /me.ʁit/

In French, stress is generally on the last syllable: me-RITE.

라임이 맞는 단어

Hérite (inherits) Abrite (shelters) Démérite (demerit) Vite (fast) Limite (limit) Invite (invitation/invites) Site (site) Mythe (myth - though spelled differently, it rhymes)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it like the English 'merit' (with a short 'e' and a flap 'r').
Making the 'é' sound like the 'e' in 'pet'. It must be 'ay'.
Failing to pronounce the final 't'. In French, 'mérite' ends with a 't' sound.
Confusing the pronunciation with the plural 'mérites' (though they sound the same, the 's' is silent).
Over-emphasizing the final 'e' which should be almost silent.

난이도

독해 3/5

The word itself is easy to recognize, but its use in abstract philosophical texts can be challenging.

쓰기 4/5

Using the correct prepositions (au, du, de) and the phrase 'avoir le mérite de' requires practice.

말하기 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward as long as the final 't' is heard and the 'é' is closed.

듣기 3/5

Common in news and formal speeches; can be confused with the verb 'mériter'.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

Avoir Bien Travail Valeur Prix

다음에 배울 것

Mériter Récompense Digne Reconnaissance Effort

고급

Méritocratie Méritoire Démérite Inaliénable Équité

알아야 할 문법

The partitive article 'du' with abstract nouns.

Il a du mérite (He has [some] merit).

Prepositional usage of 'au' to indicate criteria.

Un recrutement au mérite (Hiring based on merit).

Noun complement with 'de'.

Le mérite de cet homme (The merit of this man).

Infinitive construction 'avoir le mérite de'.

Cela a le mérite d'être clair (That has the merit of being clear).

Plural of abstract nouns to indicate specific instances.

Les mérites d'une proposition (The specific advantages of a proposal).

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수준별 예문

Tu as du mérite.

You have merit (You're doing a good job).

Simple subject + verb 'avoir' + partitive article 'du' + noun.

C'est un grand mérite.

It is a great merit.

Using an adjective 'grand' with the noun.

Il travaille avec mérite.

He works with merit (commendably).

Preposition 'avec' + noun.

Elle a beaucoup de mérite.

She has a lot of merit.

Adverb of quantity 'beaucoup de' before the noun.

Le mérite est important.

Merit is important.

Noun as a subject with definite article 'le'.

Bravo, quel mérite !

Bravo, what merit!

Exclamatory 'quel' + noun.

C'est une bourse au mérite.

It's a merit scholarship.

Compound noun structure 'au mérite'.

Je vois ton mérite.

I see your merit.

Possessive adjective 'ton' + noun.

Mon frère a du mérite de faire du sport tous les jours.

My brother deserves credit for doing sports every day.

Avoir du mérite de + infinitive.

Ce gâteau a le mérite d'être simple.

This cake has the merit of being simple.

Avoir le mérite de + infinitive.

Elle a réussi par son seul mérite.

She succeeded by her merit alone.

Preposition 'par' + possessive + adjective 'seul' + noun.

Il ne faut pas oublier le mérite des autres.

We must not forget the merit of others.

Definite article 'le' + noun + 'des autres'.

C'est une question de mérite.

It's a question of merit.

Noun used in a 'question de' phrase.

Vous avez bien du mérite avec ce froid !

You have a lot of merit (for being out) in this cold!

Using 'bien du' for emphasis.

Le mérite revient à l'équipe.

The credit goes to the team.

Verb 'revenir' + preposition 'à'.

Il a obtenu ce poste au mérite.

He got this job based on merit.

Adverbial phrase 'au mérite'.

Cette proposition a le mérite de clarifier la situation.

This proposal has the merit of clarifying the situation.

Abstract usage of 'avoir le mérite de'.

Nous devons juger les candidats selon leur mérite.

We must judge candidates according to their merit.

Preposition 'selon' + possessive + noun.

Il a tout le mérite de cette victoire.

He has all the credit for this victory.

Using 'tout le' for total attribution.

Elle vante les mérites de son nouveau quartier.

She extols the merits of her new neighborhood.

Plural 'les mérites' meaning advantages.

Ce n'est pas sans mérite que vous avez fini ce projet.

It's not without merit that you finished this project.

Double negative 'pas sans' for emphasis.

Il se fait un mérite d'être toujours à l'heure.

He takes pride in always being on time.

Pronominal idiom 'se faire un mérite de'.

Le mérite artistique de ce film est indéniable.

The artistic merit of this film is undeniable.

Noun + adjective 'artistique'.

On lui a attribué le mérite de la découverte.

He was given the credit for the discovery.

Passive-like construction with 'on' and 'attribuer'.

La promotion a été faite exclusivement au mérite, sans favoritisme.

The promotion was made exclusively on merit, without favoritism.

Adverb 'exclusivement' modifying 'au mérite'.

Cette réforme a au moins le mérite de poser les bonnes questions.

This reform at least has the merit of asking the right questions.

Insertion of 'au moins' for nuanced praise.

Il s'attribue tout le mérite alors qu'il n'a rien fait.

He takes all the credit even though he did nothing.

Pronominal verb 's'attribuer' + 'alors que' contrast.

Les mérites respectifs des deux solutions sont difficiles à comparer.

The respective merits of the two solutions are hard to compare.

Plural 'mérites' + adjective 'respectifs'.

C'est un homme de grand mérite qui a beaucoup servi son pays.

He is a man of great merit who has served his country well.

Formal phrase 'homme de grand mérite'.

Elle a bien du mérite à supporter son patron tous les jours.

She has a lot of merit (is very patient) to put up with her boss every day.

Avoir du mérite à + infinitive (expressing difficulty).

Le système français repose en partie sur le concept de mérite républicain.

The French system is partly based on the concept of republican merit.

Abstract political/sociological usage.

À chacun son mérite, ne mélangeons pas tout.

To each his own merit, let's not mix everything up.

Fixed expression 'À chacun son...'.

L'idéologie du mérite peut parfois occulter les inégalités sociales de départ.

The ideology of merit can sometimes hide initial social inequalities.

Sociological discourse usage.

Il est délicat de mesurer le mérite individuel dans un travail collectif.

It is delicate to measure individual merit in collective work.

Adjective 'individuel' vs 'collectif'.

L'œuvre a le mérite insigne d'avoir renouvelé le genre poétique.

The work has the signal merit of having renewed the poetic genre.

High-register adjective 'insigne' (notable/signal).

Il s'est fait un mérite de sa disgrâce, la présentant comme un acte de courage.

He made a virtue of his disgrace, presenting it as an act of courage.

Sophisticated use of 'se faire un mérite de'.

Les bourses d'excellence récompensent le mérite académique le plus élevé.

Excellence scholarships reward the highest academic merit.

Superlative 'le plus élevé'.

Le mérite de ce traité est d'avoir instauré une paix durable.

The merit of this treaty is to have established a lasting peace.

Noun as the subject of the entire sentence.

On ne saurait nier les mérites de cette approche scientifique.

One cannot deny the merits of this scientific approach.

Formal 'on ne saurait' + infinitive.

Sa modestie n'enlève rien à son mérite personnel.

His modesty takes nothing away from his personal merit.

Verb 'enlever' (to take away) + 'rien à'.

La rhétorique du mérite sert souvent de caution morale à la réussite économique.

The rhetoric of merit often serves as a moral justification for economic success.

Abstract philosophical/critical usage.

Il a l'insigne mérite d'avoir bravé l'opinion commune pour dire la vérité.

He has the signal merit of having defied common opinion to tell the truth.

Literary construction with 'insigne'.

Les mérites de la cause s'effacent devant l'urgence de la situation.

The merits of the cause fade before the urgency of the situation.

Metaphorical usage of 's'effacer devant'.

Ce n'est point par hasard, mais par le seul ascendant de son mérite qu'il s'est imposé.

It is not by chance, but by the sole influence of his merit that he prevailed.

Classical French style with 'ce n'est point'.

L'attribution des mérites reste un exercice éminemment subjectif.

The attribution of merits remains an eminently subjective exercise.

Adverb 'éminemment' (highly).

L'ordre social prétend se fonder sur le mérite, mais la réalité est plus nuancée.

The social order claims to be based on merit, but reality is more nuanced.

Verb 'se fonder sur' (to be based on).

Il faut savoir gré à l'auteur pour le mérite de sa rigueur intellectuelle.

One should be grateful to the author for the merit of his intellectual rigor.

Idiom 'savoir gré à quelqu'un de/pour'.

Le mérite de l'action réside autant dans l'intention que dans le résultat.

The merit of the action lies as much in the intention as in the result.

Comparative 'autant... que...'.

자주 쓰는 조합

Avoir du mérite

Au mérite

Bourse au mérite

S'attribuer le mérite

Vanter les mérites

Selon le mérite

Sans mérite

Revenir au mérite

Grand mérite

Mérite artistique

자주 쓰는 구문

À chacun son mérite

— Everyone should get the credit they deserve for their specific contribution.

Il a fait le design, j'ai fait le code : à chacun son mérite.

C'est tout à ton mérite

— That is very much to your credit; you should be proud of that.

Tu as fini ce marathon ? C'est tout à ton mérite !

Avoir le mérite de...

— To have the advantage or virtue of doing something specific.

Cette idée a le mérite d'être originale.

Se faire un mérite de...

— To take pride in something or expect credit for it.

Il se fait un mérite de ne jamais mentir.

Rendre justice au mérite

— To properly acknowledge someone's worth or hard work.

Il est temps de rendre justice au mérite de ces chercheurs.

Ordre national du Mérite

— A prestigious French order of chivalry awarded by the President.

Il a été décoré de l'Ordre national du Mérite.

Sans grand mérite

— Without much effort or value; easily done.

Il a gagné, mais sans grand mérite vu l'absence d'adversaires.

Juger sur le mérite

— To judge based solely on performance and quality.

Nous devons juger les dossiers uniquement sur le mérite.

Le mérite personnel

— Individual worth or achievement, often contrasted with social background.

L'école républicaine valorise le mérite personnel.

Mettre en avant les mérites

— To highlight the strengths or advantages of something.

L'avocat a mis en avant les mérites de son client.

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Mérite vs Mériter (verb)

Learners often say 'Il mérite' when they mean 'He has merit'. Use 'Il a du mérite' for the quality.

Mérite vs Crédit

In English we 'give credit', but in French we 'attribuer le mérite'. 'Crédit' is more for trust or money.

Mérite vs Valeur

'Valeur' is worth in general; 'mérite' is worth that has been earned by effort.

관용어 및 표현

"Se faire un mérite de l'adversité"

— To take pride in how one handles difficult situations or to turn a struggle into a badge of honor.

Elle se fait un mérite de l'adversité qu'elle a traversée.

Formal

"N'avoir aucun mérite"

— To have done something so easily or with so much help that it doesn't deserve praise.

Il n'a aucun mérite à être riche, il a tout hérité.

Neutral

"Peser les mérites"

— To carefully evaluate the pros and cons or the worth of different options.

Le jury doit peser les mérites de chaque candidat.

Formal

"Le mérite en revient à..."

— The credit for it belongs to...

Le mérite en revient à mon professeur qui m'a tout appris.

Neutral/Formal

"Tout le mérite lui appartient"

— All the credit belongs to him/her.

Elle a sauvé l'entreprise, tout le mérite lui appartient.

Neutral

"C'est là son moindre mérite"

— That is the least of his/her qualities (implying they have many even better ones).

Il est poli, mais c'est là son moindre mérite.

Literary

"Reconnaître les mérites de quelqu'un"

— To acknowledge and validate someone's hard work or talent.

Il est enfin temps de reconnaître ses mérites.

Neutral

"Attribuer le mérite à la chance"

— To say that success was due to luck rather than effort.

Il ne faut pas attribuer son mérite à la seule chance.

Neutral

"Un homme de mérite"

— A man of great worth and character.

C'était un homme de mérite, respecté de tous.

Slightly formal/Old-fashioned

"Faire valoir ses mérites"

— To showcase or argue for one's own achievements (e.g., during a job interview).

Elle a su faire valoir ses mérites lors de l'entretien.

Professional

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Mérite vs Méritant

It's the adjective form.

'Mérite' is the noun (the thing), 'méritant' is the adjective (the person who has it).

C'est un élève méritant qui a beaucoup de mérite.

Mérite vs Méritoire

Also an adjective.

'Méritoire' describes the action itself, while 'méritant' describes the person.

C'est une action méritoire.

Mérite vs Démérite

It sounds similar.

'Démérite' is the opposite; it's a fault or a lack of worthiness.

Son retard est un démérite.

Mérite vs Récompense

They are related.

'Récompense' is the physical prize; 'mérite' is the reason why you got it.

Il a reçu une récompense pour son mérite.

Mérite vs Droit

Both relate to getting things.

A 'droit' is a legal right; 'mérite' is something you earn through behavior.

L'accès à l'école est un droit, mais le succès est au mérite.

문장 패턴

Sujet + avoir + du mérite.

Elle a du mérite.

Sujet + avoir + le mérite de + infinitif.

Ce plan a le mérite d'exister.

Sujet + être + récompensé + au mérite.

Il est payé au mérite.

Le mérite de + [nom] + revient à + [personne].

Le mérite de cette œuvre revient à l'auteur.

Vanter les mérites de + [nom].

Il vante les mérites du bio.

S'attribuer le mérite de + [nom].

Elle s'attribue le mérite de la paix.

Se faire un mérite de + [nom/infinitif].

Il se fait un mérite de sa franchise.

À chacun son mérite.

Dans cette affaire, à chacun son mérite.

어휘 가족

명사

Mérite (the word itself)

Démérite (fault/lack of merit)

Méritocratie (meritocracy)

동사

Mériter (to deserve/to merit)

Démériter (to fall short/to lose merit)

형용사

Méritant (deserving/hard-working)

Méritoire (meritorious/praiseworthy)

Méritocratique (meritocratic)

사용법

frequency

Highly frequent in professional, academic, and political discourse.

자주 하는 실수

Il a mérite. → Il a du mérite.
Abstract nouns like 'mérite' need a partitive article (du) in this context.
C'est son mérite de gagner. → Il mérite de gagner.
You are using the noun where the verb 'mériter' is needed to express 'deserving'.
Un prix de mérite. → Un prix au mérite.
The preposition 'au' is used to show the basis of the award.
Donner du crédit pour le travail. → Attribuer le mérite du travail.
'Crédit' is an anglicism in this context. 'Mérite' is the correct French term for praise/recognition.
Tu as des mérites. → Tu as du mérite.
When praising a person's effort, use the singular uncountable form.

팁

Complimenting Effort

Use 'Tu as bien du mérite' when someone is going through a hard time but keeping their head up. It's a very kind thing to say.

Preposition 'Au'

Remember 'au mérite' for systems. 'Recruter au mérite' is a standard professional phrase.

Nuance with 'Le'

'Le mérite' (the concept) vs 'du mérite' (some merit). Use 'du' for personal qualities.

Structuring Arguments

Use 'Cela a le mérite de...' to introduce a positive point before you transition to a criticism.

Pronunciation

The 'é' is short and sharp. Think of the 'e' in 'hey' but without the 'y' sound.

Awards

If you see 'M.O.F' (Meilleur Ouvrier de France), it is a supreme award of merit for craftsmanship.

Literary Flair

Use 'un homme de mérite' to describe a character in a story to give them instant gravitas.

No 'Credit' Anglicisms

Avoid saying 'donner du crédit' when you mean 'praise'. Use 'saluer le mérite'.

The 'T' Sound

Remember the 't' is heard. Mérite sounds like 'May-reet'.

Merit vs Luck

Always use 'mérite' when you want to emphasize that luck had nothing to do with it.

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기억법

Think of 'Merit' in English, but add an 'é' (ay) at the start. 'Mérite' is the 'ay-grade' you get for your 'merit'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a student climbing a steep mountain of books to reach a gold star. The mountain represents the effort, and the star is the 'mérite'.

Word Web

Effort Récompense Travail Justice Valeur Bourse Prix Talent

챌린지

Try to use the phrase 'avoir le mérite de' three times today: once for a friend, once for a food you ate, and once for a movie you watched.

어원

The word 'mérite' comes from the Old French 'merite', which in turn derives from the Latin 'meritum'. The Latin term is the neuter past participle of 'mereri', meaning 'to earn, deserve, or acquire'.

원래 의미: Originally, it referred to a reward or a service rendered, specifically in a legal or commercial sense of 'that which is earned'.

Indo-European > Italic > Romance > French.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using it to describe social success, as it can sound dismissive of the help people receive from their background.

In English, 'merit' is often used in 'merit-based', but we use 'credit' more often for individual praise. In French, 'mérite' covers both.

The 'Ordre national du Mérite' (French national order). Pierre Bourdieu's 'La Reproduction' (a critique of meritocracy). The phrase 'Au mérite' found on many French academic certificates.

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실제 사용 상황

Employment

Prime au mérite
Promotion au mérite
Évaluer le mérite
Faire valoir ses mérites

Education

Bourse au mérite
Mérite académique
Selon le mérite
Récompenser le mérite

Social/Compliments

Avoir du mérite
C'est à ton mérite
Beaucoup de mérite
Reconnaître le mérite

Argumentation

Avoir le mérite de
Les mérites respectifs
Vanter les mérites
Peser les mérites

Awards

Ordre du Mérite
Diplôme du mérite
Médaille du mérite
À titre de mérite

대화 시작하기

"Penses-tu que les salaires devraient être fixés uniquement au mérite ?"

"Est-ce qu'une personne qui réussit grâce à sa famille a moins de mérite ?"

"Quel est, selon toi, le plus grand mérite de ton meilleur ami ?"

"As-tu déjà obtenu une bourse ou un prix au mérite ?"

"Est-ce qu'un film peut avoir du mérite même s'il ne gagne pas d'Oscar ?"

일기 주제

Décris une situation où tu as eu beaucoup de mérite pour rester calme ou patient.

Penses-tu que le système scolaire de ton pays valorise assez le mérite personnel ?

Quels sont les mérites et les inconvénients de vivre dans une grande ville ?

Écris sur une personne que tu admires pour son mérite et ses efforts constants.

Est-ce que tu t'attribues souvent le mérite de tes succès, ou penses-tu que la chance joue un rôle ?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It is masculine: le mérite. You say 'un grand mérite' or 'du mérite'.

'Avoir du mérite' is used to praise someone's effort or character in general. 'Mériter' is used when someone deserves a specific thing, like a prize or a punishment. For example: 'Tu as du mérite' (You are a hard worker) vs 'Tu mérites ce prix' (You deserve this prize).

Yes, especially in the phrase 'avoir le mérite de'. For example, 'Cette voiture a le mérite d'être économique.' It means the object has a specific advantage.

You can say 'attribuer le mérite à quelqu'un' or 'revenir à'. For example: 'Le mérite lui en revient' (The credit for it goes to him).

Yes, but mostly in formal contexts when listing advantages or comparing qualities. In daily life, the singular is much more common.

Usually, yes. It implies that the quality or success was not just given by luck, but was earned through talent or effort.

It is a performance-based bonus at work. If you do a good job, you get extra money 'au mérite'.

It can be used in all registers, but it is very common in formal speeches, news, and academic writing.

The word itself is positive, but you can say 'sans mérite' to mean someone didn't work for what they have.

It means 'to each his own credit'. It's used to make sure everyone is recognized for their specific part in a success.

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