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A1 verb #2,000 가장 일반적인 7분 분량

Sortir

상위 2,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 Sortir 30초 만에

설명 Sortir in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'sortir' is introduced as a basic verb of movement. Students learn it primarily in the present tense to describe leaving a room or going out with friends. The focus is on the simple meaning: 'to go out'. You learn 'Je sors' and 'Tu sors'. It's essential for basic social interactions, like asking 'Tu sors ce soir ?' (Are you going out tonight?). The concept of exiting a physical space like a house or school is the primary use case. Grammar at this level avoids the complexities of auxiliary changes and focuses on the '-ir' conjugation pattern which is slightly irregular compared to 'finir'. Students are encouraged to use it with simple prepositions like 'de' (from).

At the A2 level, the complexity increases as students learn the Passé Composé. This is where 'sortir' becomes a 'Vandertramp' verb, requiring the auxiliary 'être'. Students must learn to make the past participle agree with the subject (e.g., 'Elle est sortie'). The usage expands to include more varied social contexts and the idea of 'dating' (sortir avec quelqu'un). You also start to see 'sortir' used with objects in simple ways, like 'sortir les poubelles' (taking out the trash), though the 'avoir' auxiliary rule is often fully solidified later. The focus is on narrative: telling a story about where you went and who you went out with.

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At the B1 level, the dual auxiliary rule (être vs avoir) is mastered. Students learn that 'sortir' takes 'avoir' when it has a direct object (e.g., 'J'ai sorti mon passeport'). This is a major milestone in French grammar. Vocabulary expands to include more idiomatic but common uses, such as 'sortir de l'ordinaire' (to be out of the ordinary) or 'sortir d'un mauvais pas' (to get out of a fix). Students are expected to use 'sortir' in the future and conditional tenses to discuss plans and hypothetical situations. The verb's role in media (film releases) also becomes a standard part of the vocabulary.

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At the B2 level, 'sortir' is used in more sophisticated and idiomatic ways. Students learn expressions like 'sortir de ses gonds' (to fly off the handle) or 's'en sortir' (to manage/cope). The focus shifts to the nuance of the verb in different registers. For instance, the difference between 'sortir' and 'émaner' or 'provenir' in formal writing. Students also practice using 'sortir' in the subjunctive mood more naturally. The transitive use of 'sortir' expands to abstract objects, like 'sortir un argument' (to bring up an argument). Agreement rules with preceding direct objects (COD) when using 'avoir' are also refined here.

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At the C1 level, the learner uses 'sortir' with precision in academic and professional contexts. This includes the 'publication' sense of the verb in formal critiques or business reports. The student understands the subtle literary uses of 'sortir' in classical and modern French literature, where it might describe a character's internal state or a metaphorical emergence. Complex structures like 'ne pas s'en sortir' used in socio-economic discussions (e.g., people not being able to make ends meet) are common. The learner can distinguish 'sortir' from highly specific synonyms like 's'extirper' or 'déboucher' depending on the physical or metaphorical constraints of the 'exit'.

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At the C2 level, 'sortir' is a tool for stylistic expression. The speaker or writer uses it in highly idiomatic, perhaps even archaic or very modern slang contexts with ease. They can play with the verb's meanings in puns or complex metaphors. C2 learners understand the etymological roots and how they influence modern usage. They can use 'sortir' to describe complex philosophical exits (e.g., exiting a paradigm). The mastery of 'sortir' at this level means it is no longer a 'vocabulary word' but a versatile element of the language that can be manipulated for tone, rhythm, and precise meaning in any possible scenario, from a legal brief to a poetic verse.

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Sortir 30초 만에

Sortir primarily means 'to go out' or 'to exit' a physical space like a house or room.
It is used socially to mean 'going out' for leisure or 'dating' someone (sortir avec).
In compound tenses, use 'être' for movement and 'avoir' when taking an object out.
It also refers to the release of movies, books, or products into the public domain.

The French verb sortir is a cornerstone of the French language, primarily categorized as a verb of movement. At its most fundamental level, it describes the physical act of moving from an enclosed space to an open one, or simply leaving a location. However, its semantic range is vast, spanning from social engagements to the publication of media and even transitive actions involving the removal of objects.

Physical Exit: The most common use: leaving a room, a house, or a building. It implies a transition across a threshold.

Je dois sortir de la chambre pour prendre l'air.

Beyond the physical, sortir is the standard verb for 'going out' in a social context. Whether you are going to a restaurant, a cinema, or a club, sortir encapsulates the entire experience of social leisure. In modern French, it also serves as a way to describe dating someone (sortir avec quelqu'un).

Social Life: To engage in leisure activities outside the home, often with friends or a romantic partner.

Nous aimons sortir le samedi soir à Paris.

In a professional or creative context, sortir refers to the release or publication of something. A new book, a film, or a product 'sort' (comes out) on a specific date. This nuance is essential for discussing media and industry trends.

Publication: The act of a product or creative work becoming available to the public.

Le nouveau film de Spielberg va sortir demain.

Furthermore, sortir is used in many abstract ways. One can 'sortir d'une difficulté' (get out of a difficulty) or 'sortir de ses gonds' (to lose one's temper). The versatility of the verb makes it one of the top 50 most used verbs in French conversation.

Il est enfin sorti de cette situation compliquée.

Elle est sortie (she went out) vs Elle a sorti le chien (she took the dog out).

Using sortir correctly requires understanding its conjugation as an irregular '-ir' verb and its dual nature regarding auxiliary verbs. Unlike regular '-ir' verbs like finir, sortir follows the pattern of partir and dormir.

Present Tense: Je sors, tu sors, il sort, nous sortons, vous sortez, ils sortent.

Est-ce que tu sors ce soir avec nous ?

The most critical aspect for intermediate learners is the choice between être and avoir in compound tenses. When sortir is intransitive (no direct object), it uses être. This usually describes the subject moving themselves.

Intransitive (Movement): Uses 'être'. Example: Je suis sorti(e). The past participle must agree with the subject.

Marie est sortie de la maison à huit heures.

When sortir is transitive (followed by a direct object), it uses avoir. This describes the subject moving something else out of a place. In this case, the past participle does not agree with the subject.

Transitive (Taking something out): Uses 'avoir'. Example: J'ai sorti les poubelles. No agreement with the subject.

J'ai sorti mon portefeuille pour payer l'addition.

In the imperative mood, sortir is often used as a command. 'Sors !' (Get out!) or 'Sortons !' (Let's go out!). It is direct and powerful. In formal writing, the subjunctive 'que je sorte' is frequently used after expressions of necessity or desire.

Il faut que nous sortions avant qu'il ne pleuve.

Veuillez sortir par la porte de secours.

You will encounter sortir in almost every facet of French life, from the mundane to the artistic. In daily conversation, it is the go-to verb for planning your evening. 'On sort ce soir ?' is perhaps one of the most common phrases heard among friends in cities like Lyon, Bordeaux, or Paris.

Daily Socializing: Used constantly to discuss plans, nightlife, and meeting people.

Tu sors souvent le week-end ?

In the media, journalists use sortir to announce the release of cultural works. If you listen to French radio (like France Inter), you will hear 'L'album sort vendredi' or 'Le film vient de sortir en salles'. This usage is ubiquitous in the entertainment industry.

News & Media: Announcing the availability of books, music, and cinema.

Quand sort le prochain tome de cette BD ?

In literature and film, sortir often carries a dramatic weight. It can signify escaping a prison, emerging from a dark period of life, or a character making a grand entrance. The verb is flexible enough to handle both the literal and the metaphorical.

Literary Nuance: Describing a character's emergence or a shift in state of being.

Il est sorti de l'ombre pour affronter son destin.

Finally, in the workplace, sortir is used for data and reports. 'Sortir un rapport' means to generate or produce a report. If you work in a French office, you'll hear this verb used for everything from printing documents to extracting data from a system.

Je vais sortir les statistiques du troisième trimestre.

On sort de réunion à l'instant.

The most frequent error with sortir involves the choice of auxiliary verb in the Passé Composé. Many students default to avoir for all verbs, but sortir is part of the 'DR MRS VANDERTRAMP' list, meaning it usually takes être. However, the rule changes if there is a direct object.

Auxiliary Confusion: Mistake: 'J'ai sorti hier soir' (Wrong). Correct: 'Je suis sorti hier soir' (I went out).

Elle est sortie (Correct movement) vs Elle a sorti les clés (Correct transitive).

Another common pitfall is confusing sortir with partir or quitter. While all three involve leaving, they are not interchangeable. Sortir emphasizes the exit from a specific enclosure. Partir emphasizes the departure or the start of a journey. Quitter requires a direct object and often implies a more permanent or significant separation.

Semantic Confusion: Mistake: 'Je sors la France' (Wrong). Correct: 'Je quitte la France' (I am leaving France).

Je sors de la voiture (I exit the car) vs Je pars en vacances (I am leaving on vacation).

Learners also struggle with the preposition de. You 'sortir de' a place. Forgetting the 'de' or using 'à' instead is a frequent mistake. For example, 'Je sors le bureau' is incorrect; it must be 'Je sors du bureau'.

Preposition Errors: Always use 'de' when specifying the place you are exiting.

Il sort de l'école à seize heures.

Nous sommes sortis du restaurant très tard.

To truly master sortir, one must distinguish it from its synonyms and related verbs. The French language has several verbs for 'leaving', each with a specific nuance that changes the tone of the sentence.

Partir vs Sortir: 'Partir' is general departure (leaving for a trip). 'Sortir' is specifically exiting a container or building.

Le train part à midi (The train departs) vs Le passager sort du train (The passenger exits the train).

Another close relative is quitter. This verb always requires a direct object (you must quit *something* or *someone*). It often implies leaving a person, a job, or a place for a longer duration than sortir.

Quitter vs Sortir: 'Quitter' is transitive and often more permanent. 'Sortir' is often intransitive and focuses on the exit act.

Elle a quitté son mari (She left her husband) vs Elle est sortie faire les courses (She went out shopping).

For more specific contexts, consider émerger (to emerge, often from water or sleep) or s'échapper (to escape). These verbs provide more color than the neutral sortir. In a professional setting, paraître is often used for the publication of books instead of sortir.

Paraître vs Sortir: 'Paraître' is more formal for 'to be published'. 'Sortir' is more common in everyday speech.

Ce journal paraît tous les matins.

Il est sorti de sa torpeur après un café fort.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Agreement of past participles with 'être'

Transitive vs Intransitive verbs

Prepositions of place (de/du/de la)

Subjunctive after 'il faut que'

Negation rules

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Je sors de la maison.

I am leaving the house.

Present tense, first person singular.

Tu sors avec nous ?

Are you going out with us?

Interrogative form.

Il sort du bureau à 17h.

He leaves the office at 5 PM.

Use of 'du' (de + le).

Nous sortons ce soir.

We are going out tonight.

Present tense, first person plural.

Vous sortez par là.

You go out that way.

Imperative or indicative use.

Elles sortent de l'école.

They are leaving school.

Third person plural.

Le chat veut sortir.

The cat wants to go out.

Infinitive after 'vouloir'.

Je ne sors pas aujourd'hui.

I am not going out today.

Negation with 'ne... pas'.

Je suis sorti hier soir.

I went out last night.

Passé composé with 'être'.

Elle est sortie très tôt.

She went out very early.

Agreement of past participle (feminine).

Nous sommes sortis au restaurant.

We went out to a restaurant.

Plural agreement with 'être'.

As-tu sorti le chien ?

Did you take the dog out?

Transitive use with 'avoir'.

Ils sont sortis du cinéma.

They came out of the cinema.

Movement from a place.

Elle a sorti ses clés.

She took out her keys.

Transitive use with 'avoir'.

Je sortais quand il a plu.

I was going out when it rained.

Imparfait for ongoing action.

Vous êtes sortis ensemble ?

Did you go out together?

Question in passé composé.

J'ai sorti la voiture du garage.

I took the car out of the garage.

Transitive use with 'avoir'.

Le nouveau journal sort demain.

The new newspaper comes out tomorrow.

Meaning 'to be published'.

Il faut que je sorte de cette pièce.

I must get out of this room.

Subjunctive mood.

Elle sort avec lui depuis un mois.

She has been dating him for a month.

Social/romantic meaning.

Nous avons sorti tous les vieux meubles.

We took out all the old furniture.

Transitive plural.

Il est sorti de l'hôpital hier.

He was discharged from the hospital yesterday.

Specific context of discharge.

Tu devrais sortir plus souvent.

You should go out more often.

Conditional mood for advice.

Elle sort de sa cachette.

She is coming out of her hiding place.

Movement from a state of being hidden.

Il est enfin sorti de l'auberge.

He is finally out of the woods (metaphorical).

Idiomatic expression.

Elle a sorti un argument convaincant.

She brought up a convincing argument.

Abstract transitive use.

Le chanteur va sortir un nouvel album.

The singer is going to release a new album.

Industry specific usage.

Il est sorti de ses gonds.

He lost his temper.

Common idiom.

Je m'en suis sorti malgré les problèmes.

I managed to get through it despite the problems.

Pronominal idiom 's'en sortir'.

Ils sont sortis vainqueurs du match.

They emerged victorious from the match.

Used with an attribute.

Elle a sorti son carnet pour noter l'idée.

She took out her notebook to write down the idea.

Transitive action.

Nous sortons d'une période difficile.

We are coming out of a difficult period.

Abstract movement.

L'auteur a sorti une œuvre magistrale.

The author released a masterful work.

High-level transitive use.

Il s'agit de sortir de l'ornière.

It's about getting out of a rut.

Metaphorical/Academic expression.

La vérité finira par sortir.

The truth will eventually come out.

Abstract subject.

Il est sorti de sa réserve habituelle.

He broke his usual silence/reserve.

Nuanced behavioral description.

Le décret devrait sortir au Journal Officiel.

The decree should be published in the Official Journal.

Legal/Administrative context.

Elle a sorti le grand jeu pour l'occasion.

She pulled out all the stops for the occasion.

Idiomatic expression.

Nous ne nous en sortirons pas sans aide.

We won't make it through without help.

Future tense of 's'en sortir'.

Il sort d'une famille très aisée.

He comes from a very wealthy family.

Describing origins.

Il est malaisé de sortir de ce paradigme.

It is difficult to escape this paradigm.

Philosophical usage.

Sa réponse sortait de l'épure.

His response went beyond the initial plan/scope.

Highly formal/literary.

Elle a su sortir son épingle du jeu.

She managed to come out on top/protect her interests.

Sophisticated idiom.

Le vin commence à sortir ses arômes.

The wine is starting to release its aromas.

Sensory/Oenological context.

Il sort de ses attributions.

He is exceeding his authority/remit.

Professional/Legal nuance.

Cette affaire sort du cadre privé.

This matter goes beyond the private sphere.

Formal abstraction.

Il a sorti une boutade qui a détendu l'atmosphère.

He cracked a joke that lightened the mood.

Specific vocabulary ('boutade').

Sortir de l'ambiguïté au prix de la clarté.

To move away from ambiguity at the cost of clarity.

Rhetorical structure.

자주 쓰는 조합

Sortir du bureau

Sortir avec des amis

Sortir le chien

Sortir les poubelles

Sortir de l'ordinaire

Sortir de prison

Sortir un film

Sortir de table

Sortir indemne

Sortir de sa cachette

자주 쓰는 구문

On sort ?

Sortir de nulle part

Sortir du lot

Sortir de ses gonds

S'en sortir

Sortir ensemble

Sortir par la grande porte

Sortir de l'ornière

Sortir un joker

Sortir de l'ombre

자주 혼동되는 단어

Sortir vs Partir (departure focus)

Sortir vs Quitter (object focus)

Sortir vs Laisser (leaving something behind)

관용어 및 표현

"Sortir de ses gonds (To lose one's temper)"

"Sortir de l'auberge (To be out of the woods/trouble)"

"Sortir par les yeux (To be sick of something)"

"Sortir de sa coquille (To come out of one's shell)"

"Sortir le grand jeu (To pull out all the stops)"

"Sortir de nulle part (To come out of thin air)"

"Sortir la tête de l'eau (To get one's head above water)"

"Sortir de l'ordinaire (To be unusual)"

"Sortir de son chapeau (To pull something out of a hat)"

"Sortir de ses gonds (To flip out)"

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Sortir vs Partir

Focuses on the point of departure or the journey ahead.

Sortir vs Quitter

Requires a direct object and implies a more definitive break.

Sortir vs S'en aller

Emphasizes the act of moving away from the current spot.

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transitive meaning

When used with 'avoir', it means to take something out.

intransitive meaning

When used with 'être', it means the subject is leaving.

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Using 'avoir' for movement: 'J'ai sorti hier' (Wrong) -> 'Je suis sorti hier' (Right).
Forgetting agreement: 'Elle est sorti' (Wrong) -> 'Elle est sortie' (Right).
Confusing with 'quitter': 'Je sors mon travail' (Wrong) -> 'Je quitte mon travail' (Right).
Omitting 'de': 'Je sors le cinéma' (Wrong) -> 'Je sors du cinéma' (Right).
Misusing 'sortir avec': Saying 'Je sors avec mon chien' (I am dating my dog) instead of 'Je sors le chien' (I am taking the dog out).

팁

Auxiliary Check

Always ask yourself: Did I move myself or did I move an object? This determines if you use 'être' or 'avoir'.

Dating Nuance

Use 'sortir avec' for dating. If you just say 'On sort', it usually means a group of friends going to a bar or club.

Silent Letters

The 's' in 'sors' and the 't' in 'sort' are silent. Focus on the 'or' sound.

Preposition 'De'

Always use 'de' when exiting a place. 'Je sors de la voiture' is correct. 'Je sors la voiture' means you are driving it out.

Anger Expression

'Sortir de ses gonds' is a great way to say someone 'flipped out' or 'lost it' in a more colorful way.

Nightlife

In France, 'sortir' often implies staying out late. If you say you 'sortir' on a Friday, expect to be out past midnight.

Subjunctive

After 'il faut que', 'sortir' becomes 'sorte'. 'Il faut que tu sortes' is a common command.

Releases

Use 'sortir' when talking about your favorite band's new song. 'Leur nouveau titre vient de sortir !'

Office Talk

In an office, 'sortir un dossier' means to pull a file. It's very common in administrative tasks.

The Door Visual

Imagine yourself walking through a door to remember 'sortir'. It's all about the threshold.

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어원

From Latin 'sortiri' (to draw lots) which evolved in Vulgar Latin to mean 'to come out' or 'to escape'.

문화적 맥락

France has the highest cinema attendance in Europe; 'sortir au ciné' is a national pastime.

French youth 'sortent' much later than in some other cultures, often meeting at 9 PM or 10 PM.

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"Tu sors souvent le week-end ?"

"À quelle heure sors-tu du travail ?"

"Quel est le dernier film qui est sorti ?"

"Est-ce que tu aimes sortir en boîte ?"

"Avec qui sors-tu ce soir ?"

일기 주제

Décris ta dernière sortie avec tes amis.

À quelle heure es-tu sorti ce matin ?

Qu'as-tu sorti de ton sac aujourd'hui ?

Est-ce que tu préfères sortir ou rester à la maison ?

Raconte une fois où tu es sorti de tes gonds.

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10 질문

No, it is only conjugated with 'être' when it is intransitive (e.g., 'Je suis sorti'). If you are taking something out, like 'I took out the trash', you use 'avoir' (e.g., 'J'ai sorti les poubelles'). This is a crucial rule for learners to master as they progress to the A2 and B1 levels.

'Sortir' specifically means to exit a container or a building (like a house or a car). 'Partir' is more general and refers to the act of leaving a place to go somewhere else, often for a longer distance or duration. For example, you 'sortir' from your room to 'partir' on a trip to Italy.

Yes, in a social context, 'sortir avec quelqu'un' means to date or be in a relationship with someone. It is very common in informal French. For example, 'Il sort avec Julie' means 'He is dating Julie'. Without the 'avec', it just means going out together as friends.

You use 'sortir' with the auxiliary 'avoir'. For example, 'J'ai sorti mon carnet' (I took out my notebook). This transitive use is very common for physical objects being moved from a bag, pocket, or room.

In 'il sort', the 't' is silent. However, in 'ils sortent', you pronounce the 't' because of the 'ent' ending. In 'nous sortons' and 'vous sortez', the 't' is also clearly pronounced as part of the stem.

This is a pronominal idiom meaning 'to get through a difficult situation' or 'to manage'. For example, 'L'examen était dur, mais je m'en suis sorti' (The exam was hard, but I managed/got through it).

In the present tense, no. But in the Passé Composé with 'être', the past participle must agree. So, 'Il est sorti' but 'Elle est sortie' (add an 'e').

Yes, 'sortir' is the standard verb for the release of films, books, and albums. 'Le film sort mercredi' is a very common sentence in French media.

'Une sortie' is the noun form, meaning 'an exit' (like in a building) or 'an outing' (a social trip). It is used in 'la sortie de secours' (emergency exit).

No, it is an irregular verb of the third group. It follows the pattern of 'partir', 'dormir', and 'servir', where the final consonant of the root is dropped in the singular present forms (je sors, tu sors, il sort).

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