सेवक 30초 만에
- A 'sevak' is a person who serves others.
- This word can mean servant, attendant, or helper.
- It implies duty, loyalty, and performing tasks for someone.
- Used in both literal and figurative senses.
The Hindi word 'सेवक' (sevak) is a noun that translates to 'servant,' 'attendant,' or 'helper' in English. It refers to a person who performs duties or services for another, often in a subordinate role. This can range from domestic help to someone offering services in a more professional or formal capacity. The word carries a sense of duty, loyalty, and service. It's a common word used in various contexts, from everyday life to historical narratives and even religious or philosophical discussions. Understanding 'सेवक' gives you insight into social structures and relationships where service is a key component.
Historically, the concept of a 'सेवक' was deeply embedded in societal structures, particularly in monarchies and large households where servants were essential for daily operations. In modern times, while the direct feudal connotation might have diminished, the term is still widely used to describe individuals who provide services, such as domestic workers, caretakers, or even employees who are dedicated to serving their organization or clients. The term can sometimes evoke a sense of humility and dedication on the part of the person performing the service.
The word 'सेवक' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'sevaka,' meaning 'one who serves.' This etymology highlights the ancient roots of the concept of service and its importance in Indian culture. The act of serving is often viewed with respect, and a 'सेवक' can be someone who is highly valued for their diligent work and commitment. It's important to note that the perception and usage of the word can vary depending on the specific context and the relationship between the individuals involved.
- Usage Contexts
- Domestic Settings: Referring to housekeepers, cooks, or other household staff.
- Historical Narratives: Describing servants in royal courts or ancient households.
- Professional Services: In certain contexts, it can refer to attendants or assistants in professional roles.
- Figurative Language: Used metaphorically to describe someone devoted to a cause or person.
पुराने ज़माने में राजा के बहुत सारे सेवक होते थे।
Using 'सेवक' (sevak) correctly in Hindi sentences involves understanding its role as a noun and its typical grammatical placement. It often appears as the subject or object of a sentence, describing a person who serves. The word itself doesn't change form for gender or number when used as a singular noun referring to a male servant. If referring to female servants, 'सेविका' (sevika) is used, though 'सेवक' can sometimes be used generically or if the gender is not specified or relevant.
When 'सेवक' is the subject, it performs an action. For example, 'राम एक अच्छा सेवक है' (Ram ek achha sevak hai) means 'Ram is a good servant.' Here, 'सेवक' describes Ram's role. As an object, it receives the action. Consider 'मालिक ने सेवक को बुलाया' (Malik ne sevak ko bulaya), meaning 'The owner called the servant.' In this sentence, 'सेवक' is the direct recipient of the action 'called.' The postposition 'को' (ko) is often used with direct objects when they are specific people or animate beings.
You can also use 'सेवक' in possessive constructions, indicating ownership or relationship. For instance, 'यह उसका पुराना सेवक है' (Yah uska purana sevak hai) translates to 'This is his old servant.' The possessive pronoun 'उसका' (uska - his/her) shows that the servant belongs to or is associated with that person. The adjective 'पुराना' (purana - old) modifies 'सेवक,' describing the duration of their service or their age.
In more complex sentences, 'सेवक' can be part of a longer phrase or clause. For example, 'हमें अपने समाज के प्रति एक जिम्मेदार सेवक की तरह काम करना चाहिए' (Hamein apne samaj ke prati ek zimmedar sevak ki tarah kaam karna chahiye) means 'We should work like a responsible servant towards our society.' Here, 'सेवक' is used in a simile ('की तरह' - ki tarah, meaning 'like') to emphasize the manner of working.
- Sentence Structure Examples
- Subject: सेवक मालिक की सेवा करता है। (Sevak malik ki seva karta hai.) - The servant serves the master.
- Object: मैंने एक नए सेवक को काम पर रखा। (Maine ek naye sevak ko kaam par rakha.) - I hired a new servant.
- Possessive: वह राजा का वफादार सेवक था। (Vah raja ka wafadar sevak tha.) - He was the king's loyal servant.
- Figurative: एक सच्चा मित्र हमेशा आपके सेवक की तरह होता है। (Ek sachcha mitra hamesha aapke sevak ki tarah hota hai.) - A true friend is always like your servant.
उस घर में एक पुराना सेवक रहता था जो सब काम करता था।
You'll encounter the word 'सेवक' (sevak) in a variety of real-life situations and media in India. In domestic settings, conversations about household staff often use this term. For example, if you're visiting someone's home and they refer to their housekeeper or caretaker, they might say, 'हमारे सेवक ने खाना बनाया है' (Hamare sevak ne khana banaya hai - Our servant has cooked the food). This is a common and direct usage.
In historical dramas, movies, and literature, 'सेवक' is frequently used to depict characters in pre-modern or royal settings. You might hear dialogues like, 'महाराज, आपका सेवक हाज़िर है' (Maharaj, aapka sevak hazir hai - Your Majesty, your servant is present). This usage emphasizes the hierarchical social structures of those times.
Beyond direct service roles, 'सेवक' can also be heard in more formal or even religious contexts. For instance, a dedicated follower might refer to themselves as a 'सेवक' of a particular deity or spiritual leader, signifying their devotion and commitment. A phrase like 'मैं इस मंदिर का सेवक हूँ' (Main is mandir ka sevak hoon - I am a servant of this temple) conveys a sense of humble service and dedication.
News reports or discussions about employment, particularly concerning domestic help or certain types of service industries, might also use the term 'सेवक.' While more modern terms like 'कर्मचारी' (karmachari - employee) or specific job titles are often preferred in formal professional settings, 'सेवक' still persists in common parlance for roles involving direct personal service.
You might also come across variations or related terms. For instance, the female equivalent is 'सेविका' (sevika). Sometimes, the word is used metaphorically. A politician might say they are a 'सेवक' of the people, implying they are dedicated to serving the public interest. This figurative use is common in speeches and public addresses.
- Contexts for Hearing 'सेवक'
- Everyday Conversations: When discussing domestic help or personal attendants.
- Media: In historical dramas, films, and books set in past eras.
- Religious/Spiritual Gatherings: When referring to devotees or volunteers serving a religious institution.
- Public Speeches: Used metaphorically by leaders to express commitment to service.
मैंने टीवी पर एक ऐतिहासिक फिल्म देखी जिसमें राजा अपने सेवक से बात कर रहा था।
One common mistake learners make with 'सेवक' (sevak) is failing to distinguish between its literal meaning of 'servant' and its more figurative uses. While it can denote a domestic helper, it's also used to express devotion or service to a cause or person. Using it strictly in the 'servant' sense might sound outdated or inappropriate in contexts where a more general term for helper or employee is intended.
Another potential pitfall is the gender agreement. While 'सेवक' is masculine and refers to a male servant, learners might incorrectly use it for a female servant. The correct term for a female servant is 'सेविका' (sevika). Using 'सेवक' for a female can be grammatically incorrect and socially awkward. For example, saying 'वह मेरी सेवक है' (Vah meri sevak hai) when referring to a woman is wrong; it should be 'वह मेरी सेविका है' (Vah meri sevika hai).
Learners might also misuse 'सेवक' in contexts where a more professional or neutral term is more suitable. For instance, referring to a highly skilled professional like a doctor or a lawyer as a 'सेवक' might sound condescending or incorrect, even if they are serving the public. In such cases, terms like 'पेशेवर' (peshevar - professional) or specific job titles are more appropriate. The word 'सेवक' often implies a degree of subservience or a clearly defined hierarchical relationship.
Confusing 'सेवक' with words like 'मित्र' (mitra - friend) or 'सहयोगी' (sahayogi - colleague/helper) can also lead to errors. While a friend might help you, they are not typically called a 'सेवक.' Similarly, a colleague is a peer, not someone in a service role. The nuance lies in the power dynamic and the nature of the relationship.
Finally, overusing the term 'सेवक' in modern, informal contexts can make speech sound unnatural or overly formal. While it's a valid word, contemporary Hindi often prefers more specific or neutral terms for service providers. For example, instead of saying 'मैं आपका सेवक हूँ' (Main aapka sevak hoon - I am your servant) in a casual business interaction, it might be better to say 'मैं आपकी सहायता के लिए यहाँ हूँ' (Main aapki sahayata ke liye yahan hoon - I am here to help you) or use a specific role title.
- Common Pitfalls
- Gender Confusion: Using 'सेवक' for female servants instead of 'सेविका'.
- Contextual Misapplication: Using it in professional or peer relationships where it implies subservience.
- Literal vs. Figurative: Forgetting its metaphorical use for devotion.
- Overuse in Modern Settings: Sounding archaic or overly formal in casual conversation.
मैंने गलती से एक महिला को सेवक कह दिया, जो गलत था।
The Hindi word 'सेवक' (sevak) has several related terms and alternatives, each carrying slightly different nuances in meaning, formality, and context. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurate and natural communication.
The most direct alternative for a female servant is 'सेविका' (sevika). This is the feminine counterpart to 'सेवक' and is used exclusively for women performing service roles. For example, 'उस घर में एक पुरानी सेविका काम करती है।' (Us ghar mein ek purani sevika kaam karti hai. - An old female servant works in that house.)
A more general term for someone who helps or assists is 'सहायक' (sahayak). This word is broader than 'सेवक' and can refer to anyone who provides assistance, whether in a formal employment capacity or as a volunteer. It lacks the specific hierarchical connotation often associated with 'सेवक.' For instance, 'वह अपने बॉस का सहायक है।' (Vah apne boss ka sahayak hai. - He is his boss's assistant.)
In professional contexts, 'कर्मचारी' (karmachari) is the standard word for 'employee.' This term is neutral and widely used in workplaces. If someone is working for a company or organization, they are its 'कर्मचारी,' regardless of the specific nature of their duties. It does not carry the personal service implication of 'सेवक.' Example: 'सभी कर्मचारी समय पर ऑफिस आए।' (Sabhi karmachari samay par office aaye. - All employees came to the office on time.)
For someone in a position of service, particularly in a government or public role, 'जनसेवक' (jansevak) is used, which translates to 'public servant.' This term implies dedication to the welfare of the people and is often used for politicians or social workers. Example: 'नेता खुद को जनता का जनसेवक कहते हैं।' (Neta khud ko janta ka jansevak kehte hain. - Leaders call themselves public servants.)
In a more respectful or formal context, especially when referring to someone who serves a higher authority or a cause with great devotion, 'भक्त' (bhakt) can be used, meaning 'devotee.' This word is primarily used in religious or spiritual contexts to describe a follower who serves their deity or guru with immense love and dedication. Example: 'वह भगवान का सच्चा भक्त है।' (Vah Bhagwan ka sachcha bhakt hai. - He is a true devotee of God.)
- Comparison Table
- सेवक (Sevak): Servant, attendant. Implies a personal service role, often with hierarchical undertones. (Masculine)
- सेविका (Sevika): Female servant, attendant. Feminine of 'सेवक'.
- सहायक (Sahayak): Helper, assistant. General term for someone who provides aid. Less hierarchical.
- कर्मचारी (Karmachari): Employee. Neutral term for someone working for an organization.
- जनसेवक (Jansevak): Public servant. Someone dedicated to serving the public. Often used for politicians.
- भक्त (Bhakt): Devotee. Used in religious contexts for someone devotedly serving a deity or guru.
वह एक अच्छा सेवक था, लेकिन अब वह एक कर्मचारी के तौर पर काम करता है।
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The Sanskrit root 'sev' is related to concepts of devotion and honor. This connection explains why 'sevak' can sometimes imply not just a servant but also a devoted follower or worshipper, especially in religious contexts.
발음 가이드
- Mispronouncing the vowel sounds, especially the 'a' in the second syllable.
- Incorrect stress placement, putting emphasis on the second syllable.
- Pronouncing the 'v' too softly or too hard.
난이도
The word 'sevak' itself is straightforward. However, understanding its nuances in different contexts, especially historical or figurative ones, requires a good grasp of Hindi vocabulary and cultural context. Recognizing its synonyms and antonyms also contributes to reading comprehension.
Using 'sevak' correctly in writing involves understanding gender agreement (sevak/sevika), correct grammatical structures, and choosing the appropriate context. Overuse or misuse can make writing sound unnatural or dated.
Pronunciation is relatively simple. The main challenge in speaking is using the word appropriately in conversation, avoiding sounding archaic or condescending, and choosing it over more modern alternatives when suitable.
Understanding 'sevak' when heard in speech is generally easy, but distinguishing its precise meaning (literal servant vs. figurative devotion) depends on the context provided by the speaker.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Gender Agreement in Nouns and Adjectives
The noun 'सेवक' is masculine. Adjectives describing it should agree in gender. For example: 'वह एक अच्छा सेवक है।' (Vah ek achha sevak hai - He is a good servant). If referring to a female servant, use 'सेविका' (sevika) and adjust adjectives: 'वह एक अच्छी सेविका है।' (Vah ek achhi sevika hai - She is a good female servant).
Use of Postpositions with Objects
When 'सेवक' is the direct object of a transitive verb, the postposition 'को' (ko) is often used, especially if the object is a specific person. Example: 'मालिक ने सेवक को बुलाया।' (Malik ne sevak ko bulaya - The master called the servant).
Possessive Constructions
To show belonging or association, use the possessive markers 'का' (ka), 'की' (ki), 'के' (ke) with the noun. Example: 'यह राजा का सेवक है।' (Yah raja ka sevak hai - This is the king's servant).
Figurative Language - Similes
The structure 'Noun + की तरह' (ki tarah - like Noun) is used for similes. Example: 'हमें सेवक की तरह विनम्र होना चाहिए।' (Hamein sevak ki tarah vinamra hona chahiye - We should be humble like a servant).
Compound Nouns
Hindi forms compound nouns by joining two words, often creating a new meaning. 'जन' (jan - people) + 'सेवक' (sevak) = 'जनसेवक' (jansevak - public servant).
수준별 예문
घर का नौकर काम कर रहा है।
The house servant is working.
'नौकर' (naukar) is a synonym for 'सेवक'.
मालिक ने उसे बुलाया।
The owner called him.
Implies calling a servant or subordinate.
वह राजा का आदमी है।
He is the king's man.
Can refer to a loyal attendant or servant.
खाना तैयार है।
The food is ready.
Implies it was prepared by a servant.
उसका काम बहुत अच्छा है।
His work is very good.
Referring to the quality of service.
वह हमेशा मदद करता है।
He always helps.
General act of assistance, can be by a servant.
मैं यहाँ काम करता हूँ।
I work here.
Can be used by a servant describing their job.
वह बहुत वफादार है।
He is very loyal.
A common trait expected of a servant.
मेरे घर में एक सेवक काम करता है।
A servant works in my house.
'सेवक' is used as the subject here, referring to a male servant.
मालिक ने अपने सेवक को बुलाया।
The owner called his servant.
'सेवक' is the object of the verb 'बुलाया' (bulaya - called), used with the postposition 'को' (ko).
वह राजा का सबसे भरोसेमंद सेवक था।
He was the king's most trusted servant.
Describes the quality of the servant ('भरोसेमंद' - trustworthy).
हमें हमेशा अपने बड़ों के सेवक की तरह विनम्र रहना चाहिए।
We should always remain humble like a servant to our elders.
Figurative use, comparing humility to that of a servant.
इस मंदिर के सेवक बहुत परिश्रमी हैं।
The servants of this temple are very hardworking.
Refers to temple volunteers or staff who serve the temple.
पुराने समय में, सेवक अपने मालिक के प्रति बहुत निष्ठावान होते थे।
In olden times, servants were very loyal to their masters.
Highlights the historical context and expected loyalty.
एक अच्छा सेवक कभी अपने मालिक का विश्वास नहीं तोड़ता।
A good servant never breaks his master's trust.
Focuses on the ethical aspect of being a servant.
क्या आप मुझे अपने सेवक का नाम बता सकते हैं?
Can you tell me the name of your servant?
A direct question inquiring about a servant.
वह एक अनुभवी सेवक है जिसने कई सालों तक शाही परिवार की सेवा की।
He is an experienced servant who served the royal family for many years.
Uses adjectives ('अनुभवी' - experienced, 'शाही' - royal) to provide more detail about the servant and their context.
हमें समाज के सेवक के रूप में कार्य करना चाहिए, न कि शासक के रूप में।
We should act as servants of society, not as rulers.
Emphasizes a philosophical or societal role, contrasting service with power.
इस संस्था के सेवक निस्वार्थ भाव से काम करते हैं।
The servants/workers of this organization work selflessly.
Highlights the selfless nature of service in an organizational context.
एक सच्चा सेवक अपने मालिक की आज्ञा का पालन बिना किसी प्रश्न के करता है।
A true servant obeys his master's command without any question.
Focuses on obedience and loyalty as key characteristics.
आजकल लोग सेवक शब्द का प्रयोग कम करते हैं, वे 'सहायक' या 'कर्मचारी' जैसे शब्दों को प्राथमिकता देते हैं।
Nowadays people use the word 'sevak' less; they prefer words like 'sahayak' or 'karmachari'.
Discusses the changing usage and preference for alternative terms in modern Hindi.
उसकी विनम्रता और समर्पण उसे एक उत्कृष्ट सेवक बनाते हैं।
His humility and dedication make him an excellent servant.
Attributes positive qualities ('विनम्रता' - humility, 'समर्पण' - dedication) to the servant.
एक सेवक का कर्तव्य केवल शारीरिक श्रम करना नहीं, बल्कि मालिक के हितों की रक्षा करना भी है।
The duty of a servant is not just to do physical labor, but also to protect the master's interests.
Expands on the duties of a servant beyond basic tasks.
प्राचीन ग्रंथों में देवताओं के सेवक के रूप में ऋषियों का वर्णन मिलता है।
In ancient texts, sages are described as servants of the gods.
Historical and religious context, where 'servant' implies a devoted role.
एक सेवक के रूप में, उसका प्राथमिक उद्देश्य अपने स्वामी की आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करना था, भले ही वह कितना भी कठिन क्यों न हो।
As a servant, his primary objective was to fulfill his master's needs, no matter how difficult it was.
Uses complex sentence structure and emphasizes the primary objective and difficulty.
आधुनिक समाज में, 'सेवक' शब्द का प्रयोग अक्सर उन लोगों के लिए किया जाता है जो सार्वजनिक सेवा में समर्पित हैं, जैसे कि डॉक्टर, शिक्षक और पुलिसकर्मी।
In modern society, the word 'sevak' is often used for people dedicated to public service, such as doctors, teachers, and police officers.
Explains the evolved, broader meaning of 'sevak' in contemporary contexts, linking it to public service professionals.
इतिहास गवाह है कि कई महान साम्राज्यों का उत्थान और पतन उनके सेवकों की निष्ठा और क्षमता पर निर्भर करता था।
History is witness that the rise and fall of many great empires depended on the loyalty and capability of their servants.
Connects the role of servants to the fate of empires, using historical perspective.
उसका व्यवहार एक आज्ञाकारी सेवक जैसा था, जो हमेशा अपने मालिक को प्रसन्न करने का प्रयास करता था।
His behavior was like that of an obedient servant, who always tried to please his master.
Uses a simile to describe behavior, highlighting the desire to please.
जनता के प्रति अपनी जवाबदेही को समझते हुए, एक जनसेवक को हमेशा निष्पक्ष और ईमानदार रहना चाहिए।
Understanding his accountability to the public, a public servant must always remain impartial and honest.
Focuses on the ethical responsibilities of a 'jansevak' (public servant).
साहित्य में, सेवक का चरित्र अक्सर त्याग, समर्पण और कभी-कभी अन्याय का शिकार होने का प्रतीक होता है।
In literature, the character of a servant often symbolizes sacrifice, dedication, and sometimes being a victim of injustice.
Analyzes the symbolic representation of servants in literary works.
प्राचीन काल में, सेवक केवल नौकर नहीं थे, बल्कि वे परिवार का एक अभिन्न अंग माने जाते थे, जिनकी देखभाल की जाती थी।
In ancient times, servants were not just laborers, but they were considered an integral part of the family, who were taken care of.
Provides a nuanced historical perspective on the role and status of servants.
एक सेवक के रूप में, वह चुपचाप अपने मालिक की सेवा करता रहा, कभी भी अपनी शिकायतों को व्यक्त नहीं किया।
As a servant, he quietly continued to serve his master, never expressing his grievances.
Emphasizes quiet service and the suppression of personal feelings.
यह विचार कि एक सेवक को केवल आज्ञा का पालन करना चाहिए, एक सामंती मानसिकता का अवशेष है जो आधुनिक समाज में अप्रासंगिक हो गई है।
The notion that a servant should only obey commands is a remnant of a feudal mindset that has become irrelevant in modern society.
Critiques the traditional view of a servant, linking it to outdated societal structures.
एक सेवक की भूमिका केवल कार्य निष्पादन तक सीमित नहीं है; इसमें अपने स्वामी के प्रति भावनात्मक समर्थन और निष्ठा भी शामिल है।
The role of a servant is not limited to task execution; it also includes emotional support and loyalty towards their master.
Expands the definition of a servant's role to include emotional dimensions.
जब हम 'लोकतंत्र के सेवक' की बात करते हैं, तो हमारा तात्पर्य उन व्यक्तियों से होता है जो जनता की सेवा के लिए चुने गए हैं और उनके प्रति जवाबदेह हैं।
When we talk about 'servants of democracy,' we mean those individuals who are elected to serve the public and are accountable to them.
Analyzes the political and democratic interpretation of 'servant' in the context of leadership.
सांस्कृतिक रूप से, सेवक का पद अक्सर विनम्रता, त्याग और कभी-कभी सामाजिक अधीनता का प्रतीक रहा है।
Culturally, the position of a servant has often been a symbol of humility, sacrifice, and sometimes social subordination.
Discusses the cultural symbolism and social implications associated with the role of a servant.
एक सेवक की वफादारी का वास्तविक परीक्षण तब होता है जब उसे अपने मालिक के हितों और अपने व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों के बीच चयन करना पड़ता है।
The true test of a servant's loyalty comes when they have to choose between their master's interests and their personal values.
Explores the ethical complexities and moral dilemmas faced by a servant.
आधुनिक कर्मचारी-नियोक्ता संबंध, हालांकि कुछ हद तक सेवा पर आधारित हैं, फिर भी वे सेवक-मालिक के पारंपरिक ढांचे से मौलिक रूप से भिन्न हैं।
Modern employee-employer relationships, although based on service to some extent, are still fundamentally different from the traditional servant-master framework.
Contrasts modern employment with the traditional servant-master dynamic, highlighting fundamental differences.
एक सेवक के रूप में, उसने अनगिनत त्याग किए, लेकिन उसके योगदान को अक्सर अनदेखा किया गया।
As a servant, he made countless sacrifices, but his contributions were often overlooked.
Highlights the often unacknowledged sacrifices made by individuals in service roles.
वह व्यक्ति, जो कभी राजा का सेवक था, अब अपने समुदाय का नेता बन गया है, जो सेवा के परिवर्तनकारी शक्ति का प्रमाण है।
The person, who was once the king's servant, has now become a leader of his community, a testament to the transformative power of service.
Illustrates the potential for growth and transformation through service.
सामंती व्यवस्था के विघटन के साथ, सेवक की पारंपरिक अवधारणा, जो आज्ञाकारिता और व्यक्तिगत निष्ठा पर आधारित थी, धीरे-धीरे आधुनिक कर्मचारी की भूमिका से प्रतिस्थापित हो गई, जो अनुबंध और पेशेवर दूरी पर आधारित है।
With the disintegration of the feudal system, the traditional concept of a 'sevak,' predicated on obedience and personal loyalty, gradually gave way to the role of the modern 'karmachari,' based on contract and professional distance.
Provides a sophisticated analysis of the historical shift from 'sevak' to 'karmachari,' detailing the underlying principles of each.
एक सेवक की भूमिका को केवल उसके द्वारा किए जाने वाले कार्यों के परिमाण से नहीं, बल्कि उसके द्वारा अपने स्वामी के प्रति प्रदर्शित की जाने वाली निष्ठा की गहराई और उसके नैतिक आचरण की अखंडता से मापा जाना चाहिए।
The role of a servant should be measured not merely by the magnitude of tasks performed, but by the depth of loyalty demonstrated towards their master and the integrity of their moral conduct.
Offers a philosophical definition of a servant's worth, emphasizing qualitative aspects over quantitative ones.
आधुनिक राजनीतिक विमर्श में, 'जनसेवक' शब्द का प्रयोग अक्सर एक आदर्शवादी उपाधि के रूप में किया जाता है, जो सत्ता के दुरुपयोग की निरंतर संभावना के बावजूद, सार्वजनिक हित के प्रति निस्वार्थ समर्पण की आकांक्षा को दर्शाता है।
In modern political discourse, the term 'jansevak' is often employed as an idealistic appellation, signifying an aspiration for selfless dedication to the public good, despite the ever-present potential for abuse of power.
Examines the rhetorical and aspirational use of 'jansevak' in politics, acknowledging its ideal versus reality.
साहित्यिक कृतियों में, सेवक का चरित्र अक्सर सामाजिक पदानुक्रम के भीतर व्यक्तिगत एजेंसी और मानवीय गरिमा के संघर्ष का एक सूक्ष्म चित्रण प्रदान करता है।
In literary works, the character of a servant often provides a nuanced portrayal of the struggle for individual agency and human dignity within social hierarchies.
Analyzes the literary function of the servant character as a vehicle for exploring themes of agency and dignity.
एक सेवक की निष्ठा का मूल्यांकन करते समय, यह आवश्यक है कि हम केवल उसकी आज्ञाकारिता को ही न देखें, बल्कि उसके निर्णय लेने की क्षमता, उसकी विवेकशीलता और उसके नैतिक कम्पास पर भी विचार करें।
When evaluating the loyalty of a servant, it is essential that we consider not only their obedience but also their capacity for judgment, their prudence, and their moral compass.
Proposes a multi-faceted approach to assessing loyalty, moving beyond mere obedience.
हालांकि 'सेवक' शब्द में ऐतिहासिक रूप से एक अधीनस्थ स्थिति का भाव निहित था, लेकिन इसका आधुनिक उपयोग, विशेष रूप से 'जनसेवक' के रूप में, सेवा के एक प्रतिष्ठित और जिम्मेदार रूप का प्रतिनिधित्व कर सकता है।
Although the word 'sevak' historically carried a connotation of a subordinate position, its modern usage, particularly as 'jansevak,' can represent a dignified and responsible form of service.
Discusses the semantic evolution of 'sevak,' highlighting its potential for positive reinterpretation.
एक सेवक के रूप में उसकी भूमिका, हालांकि अक्सर अदृश्य, उस जटिल सामाजिक ताने-बाने का एक अनिवार्य घटक थी जिसने उस युग की संरचना को परिभाषित किया।
His role as a servant, though often invisible, was an essential component of the complex social fabric that defined the structure of that era.
Emphasizes the indispensable yet often overlooked contribution of servants to societal structures.
यह स्वीकार करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि सेवक की स्थिति, अपने अंतर्निहित पदानुक्रम के बावजूद, व्यक्तिगत संबंधों के निर्माण और मानवीय संपर्क के विकास के लिए एक मंच प्रदान कर सकती थी।
It is important to acknowledge that the position of a servant, despite its inherent hierarchy, could provide a platform for the formation of personal relationships and the development of human connection.
Explores the potential for positive interpersonal dynamics even within hierarchical roles.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— He is my servant/helper.
यह वाक्य किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति के बारे में है जो किसी दूसरे के लिए काम करता है।
— To work like a servant/helper.
इसका मतलब है कि कोई व्यक्ति बहुत विनम्रता और समर्पण से काम कर रहा है।
— Servant of the public.
यह अक्सर राजनेताओं या सार्वजनिक अधिकारियों के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता है जो लोगों की सेवा करने का दावा करते हैं।
— Servant of God.
धार्मिक संदर्भों में, यह ईश्वर के प्रति निष्ठा और सेवा को दर्शाता है।
— A good servant/helper.
यह किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति का वर्णन करता है जो अपनी सेवा में अच्छा और विश्वसनीय है।
— Old servant/long-serving servant.
यह किसी ऐसे व्यक्ति को संदर्भित करता है जो लंबे समय से सेवा कर रहा है।
— Royal servant.
यह ऐतिहासिक संदर्भों में राजाओं या रईसों के लिए काम करने वाले लोगों के लिए प्रयोग किया जाता है।
— To have a spirit of service.
यह किसी कार्य को अहंकार के बिना, विनम्रता और सेवा की भावना से करने को दर्शाता है।
— Servant's loyalty.
यह उस विश्वास और वफादारी को बताता है जो एक सेवक अपने मालिक के प्रति रखता है।
— To live like a servant.
यह एक ऐसे जीवन को दर्शाता है जो पूरी तरह से दूसरों की सेवा में समर्पित है।
자주 혼동되는 단어
'नौकर' is a very common synonym for 'servant' and is often used interchangeably with 'sevak' in everyday contexts, especially for domestic help. 'Sevak' can sometimes imply a deeper sense of loyalty or devotion.
'Sahayak' means helper or assistant. It's a more general term and doesn't necessarily imply the hierarchical relationship or personal service associated with 'sevak'. It's often used in professional settings.
'Bhakt' means devotee and is primarily used in religious contexts. While it implies service, it's service offered out of love and devotion to a deity, rather than the labor-based service of a 'sevak'.
관용어 및 표현
— To bow one's head like a servant; to show extreme deference or subservience.
उसने अपनी गलती मानी और मालिक के सामने सेवक की तरह सिर झुकाया। (Usne apni galti maani aur malik ke saamne sevak ki tarah sir jhukaya. - He admitted his mistake and bowed his head like a servant before the master.)
Neutral/Slightly formal— The servant gets food, but also scolding from the master; implies that service comes with its own hardships and criticisms.
इस काम में सेवक की रोटी, मालिक की डांट तो लगी ही रहती है। (Is kaam mein sevak ki roti, malik ki daant toh lagi hi rehti hai. - In this job, the servant gets food, but also the master's scolding is always there.)
Informal/Proverbial— To go from being a servant to becoming a master; implies a significant rise in status or power.
उसने कड़ी मेहनत से सेवक से मालिक बनने का सफर तय किया। (Usne kadi mehnat se sevak se malik banne ka safar tay kiya. - He journeyed from being a servant to becoming a master through hard work.)
Neutral— To put in one's heart and soul like a servant; to work with utmost dedication and effort.
उसने अपने मालिक के लिए सेवक की तरह जी जान लगा दी। (Usne apne malik ke liye sevak ki tarah jee jaan laga di. - He put his heart and soul into it for his master, like a servant.)
Neutral— To fulfill the duty of a servant; to act according to the responsibilities of one in service.
एक सैनिक को सेवक का धर्म निभाना पड़ता है। (Ek sainik ko sevak ka dharm nibhana padta hai. - A soldier has to fulfill the duty of a servant.)
Neutral/Formal— Leftovers in the servant's plate; implies receiving only the scraps or leftovers after others have eaten.
उसे हमेशा सेवक की थाली में जूठन ही मिलती थी। (Use hamesha sevak ki thali mein juthan hi milti thi. - She always received only leftovers in the servant's plate.)
Informal/Proverbial— The eyes of a servant; implies constantly looking for commands or approval from a superior.
वह हमेशा अपने बॉस पर सेवक की नजरें रखे रहता था। (Vah hamesha apne boss par sevak ki nazrein rakhe rehta tha. - He always kept the eyes of a servant on his boss.)
Neutral— The walk of a servant; implies a humble, possibly hurried or cautious gait due to their position.
वह कमरे में सेवक की चाल से दाखिल हुआ। (Vah kamre mein sevak ki chaal se dakhil hua. - He entered the room with the walk of a servant.)
Neutral— The heart of a servant; implies a heart full of devotion, loyalty, and willingness to serve.
उसका सेवक का दिल ही था जिसने उसे इतने सालों तक टिके रहने दिया। (Uska sevak ka dil hi tha jisne use itne saalon tak tike rehne diya. - It was his servant's heart that allowed him to stay for so many years.)
Neutral/Figurative— The pen of a servant; implies writing or documenting things from the perspective of someone in service, often with a focus on their master's affairs.
इतिहासकार ने उस काल को सेवक की कलम से लिखा। (Itihaskar ne us kaal ko sevak ki kalam se likha. - The historian wrote about that era from the pen of a servant.)
Literary혼동하기 쉬운
Both words refer to someone who performs service for another.
'नौकर' is a more direct and common term for a servant or domestic help. 'सेवक' can carry connotations of greater loyalty, dedication, or even spiritual service, making it broader than just a hired hand.
घर में काम करने वाले को 'नौकर' कहेंगे, पर किसी राजा के प्रति अटूट निष्ठा रखने वाले को 'सेवक' कहना अधिक उपयुक्त होगा।
Both words imply providing help or assistance.
'सहायक' is a general term for a helper or assistant, often in a professional capacity, and doesn't necessarily imply subservience. 'सेवक' specifically denotes someone in a service role, often with a sense of duty and hierarchy.
ऑफिस में काम करने वाले को 'सहायक' कहेंगे, लेकिन जो व्यक्ति किसी के घर की पूरी जिम्मेदारी निभाता है, उसे 'सेवक' भी कहा जा सकता है।
Both can refer to someone who works for another.
'कर्मचारी' is the standard term for an employee, usually in a formal, contractual relationship with an organization. 'सेवक' implies a more personal service, often with a stronger emphasis on loyalty and duty than a typical employment contract.
कंपनी के लिए काम करने वाला 'कर्मचारी' होता है, जबकि राजा के लिए काम करने वाला 'सेवक' कहलाता था।
Both involve an element of service and dedication.
'भक्त' is specifically used in religious or spiritual contexts to denote a devotee who serves a deity or guru out of love and faith. 'सेवक' is more general and can apply to secular service, though it can also be used in religious contexts for devotion.
मंदिर में भगवान की सेवा करने वाले को 'सेवक' या 'भक्त' कह सकते हैं, पर किसी राजा की सेवा करने वाले को सिर्फ 'सेवक' कहेंगे।
Both refer to someone who follows or attends to another.
'अनुचर' means an attendant or follower, often in a formal or literary context, implying someone who closely accompanies or assists a superior. 'सेवक' is more about performing duties and services, and can be more general.
राजा का 'अनुचर' उसके साथ चलता था, जबकि उसका 'सेवक' उसके दैनिक कार्यों को संभालता था।
문장 패턴
यह मेरा <mark>सेवक</mark> है।
यह मेरा नौकर है।
मालिक ने <mark>सेवक</mark> को काम दिया।
मालिक ने नौकर को काम दिया।
<mark>सेवक</mark> मालिक का कहना मानता है।
नौकर मालिक का कहना मानता है।
वह एक वफादार <mark>सेवक</mark> था।
वह एक वफादार नौकर था।
हमें समाज के <mark>सेवक</mark> की तरह काम करना चाहिए।
हमें समाज के सहायक की तरह काम करना चाहिए।
एक <mark>सेवक</mark> के रूप में, उसका कर्तव्य निष्ठापूर्वक सेवा करना था।
एक सहायक के रूप में, उसका कर्तव्य निष्ठापूर्वक सेवा करना था।
आधुनिक समाज में 'सेवक' शब्द का प्रयोग कम होता है।
आधुनिक समाज में 'नौकर' शब्द का प्रयोग कम होता है।
सामंती व्यवस्था में <mark>सेवक</mark> की भूमिका अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण थी।
सामंती व्यवस्था में दास की भूमिका अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण थी।
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
관련
사용법
Medium
-
Using 'sevak' for female servants.
→
Using 'sevika' for female servants.
The word 'sevak' is masculine. For a female servant, the correct word is 'sevika'. Using 'sevak' for a female can be grammatically incorrect and socially awkward.
-
Using 'sevak' in modern professional contexts inappropriately.
→
Using 'karmachari' (employee) or 'sahayak' (assistant) for modern jobs.
While 'sevak' means servant or helper, it often carries historical or hierarchical connotations. In contemporary professional settings, using 'sevak' might sound archaic or condescending. More neutral terms are preferred.
-
Confusing 'sevak' with 'bhakt' in a religious context.
→
Using 'bhakt' for a devotee serving a deity, and 'sevak' more broadly for service.
'Bhakt' specifically denotes a devotee serving a deity out of faith and love. While 'sevak' can also be used in religious contexts, it is more general and can refer to any service, not necessarily devotional.
-
Assuming 'sevak' always implies subservience.
→
Understanding that 'sevak' can also imply dedication, loyalty, and service to a cause or public.
While historically 'sevak' implied subservience, its modern figurative use, like in 'jansevak' (public servant), emphasizes commitment and responsibility rather than just low status.
-
Pronouncing 'sevak' with stress on the second syllable.
→
Pronouncing 'sevak' with stress on the first syllable: SE-vak.
Incorrect stress placement can make the word difficult to understand. The standard pronunciation places the emphasis on the initial syllable.
팁
Gender Matters
Remember that 'sevak' is masculine. For a female servant, use the feminine form 'sevika'. Ensure any adjectives describing them also agree in gender.
Explore Synonyms
Familiarize yourself with synonyms like 'naukar' (servant), 'sahayak' (helper), and 'paricharak' (attendant) to choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
Stress and Sounds
Practice the pronunciation of 'sevak', focusing on the stress on the first syllable (SE-vak) and the correct vowel sounds to sound natural to native speakers.
Understand Cultural Nuances
Recognize that the concept of 'service' ('seva') is culturally significant in India, carrying both secular and spiritual dimensions. This understanding will help you grasp the deeper meanings behind the word 'sevak'.
Use Mnemonics
Connect 'sevak' to 'seven days a week' service or visualize someone kneeling to serve, reinforcing the meaning and making it easier to recall.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'sevak' in different contexts – literal, figurative, historical – to solidify your understanding and usage.
Contrast with Antonyms
Understanding antonyms like 'malik' (master) or 'swami' (lord) helps define the role of a 'sevak' by highlighting the relationship of service and hierarchy.
Embrace Metaphor
Don't forget that 'sevak' can be used metaphorically for anyone dedicated to serving a higher purpose or the public, like 'jansevak' (public servant).
Regular Revision
Periodically review the definition, synonyms, antonyms, and example sentences to keep the word fresh in your memory and ensure accurate usage.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a 'SEVEN' days a week, a dedicated 'SEVAK' is always working, serving their master. The 'V' sound in 'sevak' can remind you of 'very' dedicated.
시각적 연상
Picture a person in simple attire, kneeling and offering a tray of food to a king or queen. The kneeling posture and the act of offering symbolize service.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use 'सेवक' in at least three sentences describing different scenarios: one literal (e.g., household help), one figurative (e.g., serving society), and one historical (e.g., royal attendant).
어원
The word 'सेवक' (sevak) originates from the Sanskrit word 'sevaka' (सेवक). The root verb is 'sev' (सेव्), which means 'to serve', 'to worship', 'to honor', or 'to associate with'. The suffix '-ka' (क) is a common agentive suffix indicating 'one who does' or 'one who is'.
원래 의미: One who serves; attendant; worshipper.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)문화적 맥락
While 'sevak' is a standard Hindi word, be mindful of its historical connotations. In modern contexts, using it for professional roles might sound outdated or condescending. It's generally safer to use more specific terms like 'कर्मचारी' (karmachari - employee) or 'सहायक' (sahayak - assistant) unless the context specifically calls for the nuance of 'sevak' (e.g., devotion, personal service).
In English, 'servant' is the closest translation, but it can sometimes sound more negative or dated than 'sevak' in certain contexts. 'Attendant,' 'helper,' or 'aide' are also good alternatives depending on the specific role.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Domestic help and household staff.
- घर का <mark>सेवक</mark>
- पुराना <mark>सेवक</mark>
- <mark>सेवक</mark> ने खाना बनाया।
Historical settings and royalty.
- शाही <mark>सेवक</mark>
- राजा का <mark>सेवक</mark>
- <mark>सेवक</mark> हाज़िर है।
Religious devotion and service.
- ईश्वर का <mark>सेवक</mark>
- <mark>सेवक</mark> भाव
- प्रभु का <mark>सेवक</mark>
Figurative use for public service or dedication.
- जनता का <mark>सेवक</mark>
- समाज का <mark>सेवक</mark>
- हम <mark>सेवक</mark> हैं।
Comparison with modern employment terms.
- <mark>सेवक</mark> या <mark>कर्मचारी</mark>?
- <mark>सेवक</mark> की जगह <mark>सहायक</mark>
- आधुनिक <mark>सेवक</mark>
대화 시작하기
"Have you ever heard the word 'sevak' used in a movie or TV show? What was the context?"
"In your culture, what are the different types of people who might be considered 'sevaks'?"
"Do you think the meaning of 'sevak' has changed over time? How?"
"If you were to describe your job using the word 'sevak', what would that imply about your role?"
"What are some qualities that make a good 'sevak' or helper?"
일기 주제
Describe a time you or someone you know acted as a 'sevak' – someone dedicated to helping others, perhaps without expecting much in return.
Reflect on the historical role of servants. How does it differ from modern employment? What aspects of the 'sevak' role still resonate today?
Imagine you are a 'jansevak' (public servant). What are the biggest challenges you would face in serving the public?
Write a short story about a loyal 'sevak' who faces a difficult choice between their duty and their personal beliefs.
Compare and contrast the Hindi words 'sevak,' 'sahayak,' and 'karmachari.' When would you use each one?
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문The literal translation of 'सेवक' (sevak) is 'servant' or 'attendant'. It refers to a person who performs duties or services for another.
The respect associated with 'sevak' depends heavily on the context. Historically, it could imply a lower social status. However, in contexts of devotion (like 'ईश्वर का सेवक' - servant of God) or public service ('जनसेवक' - public servant), it can be used respectfully to denote dedication and commitment.
The female equivalent of 'सेवक' (sevak) is 'सेविका' (sevika). It refers to a female servant or attendant.
While 'sevak' can technically apply, it's often considered archaic or too formal for modern professional jobs. Terms like 'कर्मचारी' (karmachari - employee) or 'सहायक' (sahayak - assistant) are generally preferred in contemporary workplaces.
'नौकर' (naukar) is a more common and direct word for a servant, especially a domestic helper. 'सेवक' can sometimes imply a deeper sense of loyalty, dedication, or service, and is also used in more formal or figurative contexts.
'सेवक' is used figuratively to describe someone who is highly dedicated to a cause, a person, or the public. For example, a politician might call themselves a 'जनता का सेवक' (janta ka sevak - servant of the public) to express their commitment.
Yes, historically, 'sevak' could imply subservience and a lower social standing. In modern usage, using it inappropriately for professional roles might sound condescending or outdated, hence the preference for other terms in many contexts.
'सेवा' (seva) is the noun meaning 'service'. 'सेवक' (sevak) is the agent noun, meaning 'one who performs seva' or 'one who serves'.
Yes, in contexts where volunteers are dedicated to serving an organization or a cause, they might be referred to as 'sevak' or 'sevak bhav' (spirit of service). However, 'स्वयंसेवक' (swayamsevak - volunteer) is a more specific term.
'सेवक' comes from the Sanskrit word 'sevaka', derived from the root verb 'sev' meaning 'to serve', 'to worship', or 'to honor'.
셀프 테스트 10 질문
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Summary
The Hindi word 'सेवक' (sevak) signifies a person who performs services for others, often implying a role of duty and loyalty. While historically associated with servants, it can also be used figuratively for anyone dedicated to serving a cause or people.
- A 'sevak' is a person who serves others.
- This word can mean servant, attendant, or helper.
- It implies duty, loyalty, and performing tasks for someone.
- Used in both literal and figurative senses.
Context is Key
Always consider the context when using 'sevak'. In modern professional settings, 'karmachari' (employee) or 'sahayak' (assistant) are usually better choices. Use 'sevak' when you specifically want to convey personal service, loyalty, or devotion, or in historical/religious contexts.
Gender Matters
Remember that 'sevak' is masculine. For a female servant, use the feminine form 'sevika'. Ensure any adjectives describing them also agree in gender.
Explore Synonyms
Familiarize yourself with synonyms like 'naukar' (servant), 'sahayak' (helper), and 'paricharak' (attendant) to choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
Stress and Sounds
Practice the pronunciation of 'sevak', focusing on the stress on the first syllable (SE-vak) and the correct vowel sounds to sound natural to native speakers.
예시
वह अपने देश का सच्चा सेवक है।
관련 콘텐츠
work 관련 단어
आचार संहिता
B1개인이나 조직의 책임 또는 적절한 관행을 명시한 일련의 규칙.
आगे बढ़ाना
A2무언가를 앞으로 나아가게 하거나 발전시키는 것. 예를 들어, 프로젝트를 추진하거나 물건을 건네주는 것.
आहरित करना
B1인출하다; 계좌에서 돈을 빼다.
आहिस्ता-आहिस्ता
B1‘천천히’ 또는 ‘점차적으로’라는 뜻입니다. 우아하고 부드러운 느낌을 주는 부사입니다.
आजीविका
B1Livelihood; a means of securing the necessities of life.
आंकड़े इकट्ठा करना
B1분석을 위해 통계를 수집하다.
आलेख तैयार करना
B1공식적인 문서를 초안하거나 글을 준비하는 것. 주로 전문적인 상황이나 학술적인 상황에서 사용됩니다.
आलस्य से
B1Lazily; in a way that shows a lack of effort or enthusiasm.
आमदनी
A2수입, 소득
आने वाला कल
B1내일.
