Overview
The Croatian word 'zdrav' translates directly to 'healthy' in English. It's an adjective that describes a state of good physical, mental, or sometimes even metaphorical well-being. Like many adjectives in Croatian, 'zdrav' is inflected, meaning its form changes depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun it modifies.
Let's break down its forms and common uses:
Gender, Number, and Case Inflection:
- Masculine Singular:
- Nominative: zdrav (e.g., zdrav muškarac - a healthy man)
- Genitive: zdravog (e.g., nema zdravog muškarca - there is no healthy man)
- Dative: zdravom (e.g., zdravom muškarcu - to a healthy man)
- Accusative: zdravog (animate) / zdrav (inanimate) (e.g., vidim zdravog muškarca - I see a healthy man; vidim zdrav stol - I see a healthy table)
- Vocative: zdrav! (e.g., Zdrav, prijatelju! - Healthy, friend! - less common as a direct address for health)
- Locative: zdravom (e.g., o zdravom muškarcu - about a healthy man)
- Instrumental: zdravim (e.g., sa zdravim muškarcem - with a healthy man)
- Feminine Singular:
- Nominative: zdrava (e.g., zdrava žena - a healthy woman)
- Genitive: zdrave (e.g., nema zdrave žene - there is no healthy woman)
- Dative: zdravoj (e.g., zdravoj ženi - to a healthy woman)
- Accusative: zdravu (e.g., vidim zdravu ženu - I see a healthy woman)
- Vocative: zdrava!
- Locative: zdravoj
- Instrumental: zdravom
- Neuter Singular:
- Nominative: zdravo (e.g., zdravo dijete - a healthy child)
- Genitive: zdravog
- Dative: zdravom
- Accusative: zdravo
- Vocative: zdravo!
- Locative: zdravom
- Instrumental: zdravim
- Plural (all genders):
- Nominative: zdravi (masculine), zdrave (feminine), zdrava (neuter)
- Genitive: zdravih
- Dative: zdravim
- Accusative: zdrave (masculine/feminine), zdrava (neuter)
- Vocative: zdravi! / zdrave! / zdrava!
- Locative: zdravim
- Instrumental: zdravim
Common Phrases and Expressions:
- Biti zdrav: To be healthy. (e.g., Želim biti zdrav. - I want to be healthy.)
- Zdrav razum: Common sense. This is a very common idiomatic use. (e.g., To je zdrav razum. - That's common sense.)
- Zdrav život: Healthy life/lifestyle. (e.g., Vodi zdrav život. - He/She leads a healthy life.)
- Zdrava hrana: Healthy food. (e.g., Volim zdravu hranu. - I like healthy food.)
- Ostati zdrav: To stay healthy. (e.g., Važno je ostati zdrav. - It's important to stay healthy.)
- Zdrav kao dren: As healthy as a dogwood tree (a common Croatian idiom meaning very healthy, robust).
- Zdravlje: The noun form, meaning 'health'. (e.g., Želim ti puno zdravlja! - I wish you much health!)
Usage Contexts:
'Zdrav' is used broadly to describe health in various contexts:
- 1Physical Health: This is the most common use, referring to the absence of illness and good physical condition. (e.g., On je vrlo zdrav. - He is very healthy.)
- 1Mental Health: Can also describe a sound mental state. (e.g., Ima zdrav um. - He/She has a healthy mind.)
- 1Figurative Health: Sometimes used in a broader, figurative sense to describe something that is sound, beneficial, or in good working order, like 'healthy finances' (i.e., zdrave financije) or a 'healthy relationship' (i.e., zdrav odnos). However, 'zdrav razum' (common sense) is the most prominent figurative use.
Understanding the inflections is key to using 'zdrav' correctly in Croatian sentences, as it needs to agree with the noun it describes in all grammatical aspects.
예시
Ona je zdrava žena.
Describing a person's physical state.She is a healthy woman.
Zdrav razum nalaže da to ne činiš.
Referring to common sense or good judgment.Common sense dictates that you don't do that.
Ovo je zdrav obrok.
Describing food that is good for one's health.This is a healthy meal.
Ima zdrav ten.
Describing a healthy appearance.She has a healthy complexion.
Želim ti zdrav i dug život.
A common well-wishing phrase.I wish you a healthy and long life.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 혼동되는 단어
2 letters (o)
3 letters (h,r,a) + different meaning
문법 패턴
사용법
The word 'zdrav' is an adjective and its form changes based on gender, number, and case in Croatian. For example, 'zdrav muškarac' (a healthy man), 'zdrava žena' (a healthy woman), 'zdravo dijete' (a healthy child). It can be used to describe people, animals, plants, or even abstract concepts like 'zdrav razum' (common sense) or 'zdrav san' (healthy sleep). It's frequently used in greetings and farewells, such as 'Budi zdrav!' (Be healthy! - informal singular masculine) or 'Ostanite zdravi!' (Stay healthy! - formal/plural). When referring to food, 'zdravo' (neuter form) implies nutritious or beneficial for health. The comparative form is 'zdraviji' (healthier) and the superlative is 'najzdraviji' (healthiest). It's a versatile word used in a wide range of contexts to convey various aspects of well-being.
A common mistake for English speakers learning Croatian is mispronouncing the 'dž' sound. In 'zdrav,' ensure the 'd' is soft, almost like 'dz,' rather than a hard 'j' sound as in 'jump.' Another common mistake is confusing 'zdrav' (healthy) with 'pravo' (right/straight). Although they both start with a similar 'pr' sound, their meanings are distinct and should not be interchanged. Additionally, ensure correct grammatical agreement: 'zdrav' changes endings based on gender and number (e.g., 'zdrav' for masculine, 'zdrava' for feminine, 'zdravo' for neutral, 'zdravi' for plural masculine, 'zdrave' for plural feminine, 'zdrava' for plural neutral).
팁
Use 'zdrav' in various contexts
The word 'zdrav' can be used to describe people, animals, plants, and even food. For example, 'zdrav čovjek' (healthy person), 'zdrava hrana' (healthy food), or 'zdrav razum' (sound mind).
Pay attention to gender and number agreement
In Croatian, adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. 'Zdrav' is the masculine singular form. You would use 'zdrava' for feminine singular nouns (e.g., 'zdrava žena' - healthy woman) and 'zdravo' for neuter singular nouns (e.g., 'zdravo dijete' - healthy child). For plurals, you would use 'zdravi' (masculine), 'zdrave' (feminine), or 'zdrava' (neuter).
Understand related terms
Familiarize yourself with terms related to 'zdrav' to broaden your vocabulary. Some examples include 'zdravlje' (health - noun), 'zdravstveni' (health-related - adjective), 'nezdrav' (unhealthy - opposite of zdrav), and 'zdravica' (toast/cheers, literally 'a healthy wish').
어원
From Proto-Slavic *sъdravъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súdravo-, from Proto-Indo-European *su-drowo-, from *su- (good) + *drowo- (tree, firm, strong). Cognate with Sanskrit sudravas (healthy), Avestan hudrava (healthy).
문화적 맥락
In Croatia, 'zdrav' (healthy) extends beyond mere physical well-being. It often encompasses a holistic sense of vitality, encompassing mental, emotional, and even social health. The concept of 'zdravlje' (health) is highly valued, and there's a strong emphasis on traditional remedies, fresh, locally sourced food, and an active lifestyle. Phrases like 'Živjeli!' (To your health!/Cheers!) are common toasts, highlighting the cultural importance placed on good health in social gatherings. There's also a cultural inclination to inquire about one's health as a standard greeting, reflecting a genuine concern for well-being. Furthermore, being 'zdrav' can also imply a sense of robustness, resilience, and a positive outlook on life, going beyond the absence of illness to embrace a full and energetic existence.
암기 팁
Connect 'zdrav' with sounds like 'z-draw-v,' similar to 'draw' a healthy picture. Or, think of 'Z' for zest and vitality, advocating for a 'healthy' lifestyle.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문'Zdrav' is a Croatian adjective that translates to 'healthy' in English. It is commonly used to describe a person, animal, or thing that is in good physical or mental condition, free from illness or disease. It can also refer to something that is beneficial for one's health.
'Zdrav' can be used in various contexts. For example, 'On je zdrav' means 'He is healthy.' You could also say 'Jedem zdravu hranu' which translates to 'I eat healthy food,' or 'Imati zdrav životni stil' meaning 'To have a healthy lifestyle.' It adapts to gender and number in Croatian grammar.
Yes, there are a few common phrases. 'Živ i zdrav bio!' is a well-wishing phrase, similar to 'May you be alive and healthy!' Another common one is 'Zdrav razum,' which means 'common sense.' These expressions highlight the cultural importance of health and well-being in Croatian language and tradition.
Some synonyms or closely related words to 'zdrav' in Croatian include 'krepak' (robust, vigorous), 'vitalan' (vital), and 'dobro' (good, well, when referring to health). The opposite of 'zdrav' would be 'bolestan' (sick) or 'nezdrav' (unhealthy). Understanding these related terms can help in grasping the full scope of 'zdrav'.
셀프 테스트 3 질문
/ 3 correct
Perfect score!
Use 'zdrav' in various contexts
The word 'zdrav' can be used to describe people, animals, plants, and even food. For example, 'zdrav čovjek' (healthy person), 'zdrava hrana' (healthy food), or 'zdrav razum' (sound mind).
Pay attention to gender and number agreement
In Croatian, adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. 'Zdrav' is the masculine singular form. You would use 'zdrava' for feminine singular nouns (e.g., 'zdrava žena' - healthy woman) and 'zdravo' for neuter singular nouns (e.g., 'zdravo dijete' - healthy child). For plurals, you would use 'zdravi' (masculine), 'zdrave' (feminine), or 'zdrava' (neuter).
Understand related terms
Familiarize yourself with terms related to 'zdrav' to broaden your vocabulary. Some examples include 'zdravlje' (health - noun), 'zdravstveni' (health-related - adjective), 'nezdrav' (unhealthy - opposite of zdrav), and 'zdravica' (toast/cheers, literally 'a healthy wish').
예시
5 / 5Ona je zdrava žena.
She is a healthy woman.
Zdrav razum nalaže da to ne činiš.
Common sense dictates that you don't do that.
Ovo je zdrav obrok.
This is a healthy meal.
Ima zdrav ten.
She has a healthy complexion.
Želim ti zdrav i dug život.
I wish you a healthy and long life.
