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抗生物質

B1 noun #6,000 가장 일반적인 6분 분량

抗生物質

kouseibusshitsu 상위 6,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 抗生物質 30초 만에

설명 抗生物質 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to master the kanji for 抗生物質, but you should recognize the word when a doctor says it. Think of it as 'serious medicine for germs.' In Japan, if you have a sore throat, the doctor might say this word. You should know that it is something you 'nomu' (drink/take). At this stage, focus on the sound 'ko-se-but-shitsu.' It's a long word, so practice breaking it down. You might use it in a very simple sentence like 'Kouseibubshitsu, kudasai' (Antibiotics, please), though usually, you wait for the doctor to offer them. It's a 'medical noun' that helps you get better when you have a bacterial infection. Remember, it's different from simple 'kaze-gusuri' (cold medicine).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you should be able to understand basic instructions involving 抗生物質. For example, '1-nichi 3-kai' (3 times a day) or 'shokugo' (after meals). You are starting to see the kanji, so recognizing '抗' (anti) and '生' (life) is helpful. You should be able to ask basic questions like 'Kore wa kouseibubshitsu desu ka?' (Is this an antibiotic?). You should also understand that you need to 'nomikiru' (finish) them. This level involves connecting the word to daily health routines. If you go to a Japanese pharmacy, the pharmacist will give you a paper explaining the medicine; '抗生物質' will often be at the top of the category list. You can now use it in sentences with particles like 'wo' (object) and 'ni' (target).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B1 level, you should use 抗生物質 accurately in medical consultations and understand its role in treatment. You should know the difference between bacterial infections (saikin kansen) and viral ones (uirusu kansen), and why antibiotics are only for the former. You can explain your medical history, such as 'Kouseibubshitsu de arerugii ga demasu' (I get allergies from antibiotics). You should also be familiar with the synonym 'Kouseizai' and use it in casual conversation. At this level, you can discuss the importance of finishing the course to prevent 'taiseikin' (resistant bacteria). Your vocabulary is expanding to include collocations like 'shohou suru' (to prescribe) and 'fukuyou suru' (to take medication).

At the B2 level, you can understand news reports and articles about the global issues surrounding 抗生物質. You should be able to discuss 'AMR' (Antimicrobial Resistance) and the societal impact of over-prescribing these drugs. You can use the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as 'Kouseibubshitsu no ranyou wa, taiseikin no shutsugen wo maneku' (The overuse of antibiotics leads to the emergence of resistant bacteria). You are comfortable with technical terms like 'koukin-yaku' (antimicrobial) and can distinguish the nuance between 'substance' (busshitsu) and 'agent' (zai). You can also read medical labels and warnings without much assistance, understanding the specific side effects associated with different classes of antibiotics.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C1 level, you possess a professional-level understanding of 抗生物質. You can engage in detailed discussions about pharmacology, the history of medicine in Japan (such as the development of early antibiotics), and the ethical implications of their use in the food industry. You understand the nuances of various antibiotic classes (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides) in Japanese. You can read academic papers or high-level journalism regarding the 'post-antibiotic era.' Your usage of the word is precise, and you can switch between formal medical terminology and layman's terms depending on the audience. You are also aware of the cultural history of antibiotic use in Japan, including the historical tendency for high prescription rates and the recent government shifts toward 'Appropriate Use' (Tekisei Shiyou).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over the term 抗生物質 and its related scientific discourse. You can participate in medical seminars, debate health policy, and understand the molecular biology behind how these substances interact with bacterial cell walls or protein synthesis, all in Japanese. You can critique Japanese healthcare policy regarding infectious disease management and the economic factors influencing antibiotic research and development (shoyaku kaihatsu). Your linguistic ability allows you to understand subtle puns, historical references to 'miracle drugs' (mahou no kusuri), and the most complex legal regulations surrounding pharmaceutical distribution in Japan. You are indistinguishable from a native medical professional or health journalist in your command of this and related terminology.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

抗生物質 30초 만에

抗生物質 (Kouseibubshitsu) means 'antibiotic' and is used for bacterial infections.
It is a formal medical term often shortened to 'Kouseizai' in daily life.
Crucially, it is ineffective against viruses like the common cold or influenza.
Patients in Japan are strongly advised to finish the entire prescribed course.

The Japanese word 抗生物質 (こうせいぶっしつ - Kouseibubshitsu) is the technical and standard term for 'antibiotic.' In a medical context, it refers to a chemical substance produced by microorganisms that can inhibit the growth of or destroy other microorganisms, specifically bacteria. Understanding this word is crucial for navigating the Japanese healthcare system, as doctors frequently discuss whether a condition is bacterial or viral.

Etymology Breakdown: The word is composed of four kanji: 抗 (Kou - against/anti), 生 (Sei - life/living), 物 (Butsu - thing/matter), and 質 (Shitsu - substance/quality). Literally, it translates to 'anti-life substance,' referring to its role in fighting bacterial life forms.

風邪の症状が悪化したので、医者は抗生物質を処方しました。(Because the cold symptoms worsened, the doctor prescribed antibiotics.)

In Japan, you will encounter this word most frequently at a naika (internal medicine clinic) or a yakkyoku (pharmacy). It is important to note that in casual conversation, some people use the shortened form 抗生剤 (こうせいざい - Kouseizai), which is essentially synonymous but slightly more conversational. However, 'Kouseibubshitsu' remains the formal term used on prescription labels and medical documents.

Clinical Usage: It is used for bacterial infections like strep throat, pneumonia, or urinary tract infections. It is never used for viruses like the flu or the common cold unless a secondary bacterial infection is suspected.

この抗生物質は一週間飲み続けてください。(Please continue taking these antibiotics for one week.)

A key cultural point in Japan is the emphasis on 'nomikiru' (drinking to the end). Pharmacists will repeatedly remind you to finish the entire course even if you feel better, to prevent the development of drug-resistant bacteria, known in Japanese as 耐性菌 (たいせいきん - Taiseikin).

Common Categories: Common types mentioned include Penicillin (ペニシリン) and Cephem (セフェム系), which are broad-spectrum antibiotics often used in Japanese clinics.

以前、抗生物質でアレルギーが出たことはありますか？ (Have you ever had an allergic reaction to antibiotics before?)

Using 抗生物質 correctly involves understanding specific verb pairings (collocations) and grammatical structures common in medical settings. The most basic verb used with medicine is nomu (to drink/take), but in professional settings, fukuyou suru (to ingest/take medication) or touyo suru (to administer) are more common.

The 'Take' Verbs: 飲む (Nomu): Casual/Standard. Used when talking to friends or the doctor simply.
服用する (Fukuyou suru): Formal/Medical. Used on medicine packets and by pharmacists.

食後にこの抗生物質を服用してください。(Please take this antibiotic after meals.)

When discussing the effect of the medicine, you use the verb kiku (to be effective/to work). If the medicine is not working, you would say kikanai. If a patient develops a resistance, the phrase taisei ga dekiru (resistance forms) is used.

Expressing Necessity: To say you need antibiotics, use ~ga hitsuyou desu. To say the doctor prescribed them, use ~wo shohou shimashita.

細菌感染の疑いがあるため、抗生物質が必要です。(Since there is a suspicion of bacterial infection, antibiotics are necessary.)

Grammatically, 'Kouseibubshitsu' functions as a standard noun. It can be the subject of a sentence (followed by ga) or the object (followed by wo). It is often modified by adjectives like tsuyoi (strong) or atarashii (new/modern).

強い抗生物質を使うと、副作用が出ることがあります。(Using strong antibiotics can sometimes cause side effects.)

The Concept of 'Finishing': The verb nomikiru (to drink completely/finish) is essential. Kouseibubshitsu wo nomikiru koto ga taisetsu desu (It is important to finish the antibiotics).

The word 抗生物質 is ubiquitous in Japanese society, appearing in healthcare, news, and even food safety discussions. Its usage varies slightly depending on the setting, moving from clinical advice to global health concerns.

In the Clinic (Byouin/Kurinikku): Doctors use it to explain treatment plans. You'll hear: '念のため抗生物質を出しておきますね' (I'll prescribe some antibiotics just in case). This reflects a common practice in Japan where doctors might prescribe them as a preventative measure for secondary infections.

この抗生物質は、細菌を殺す働きがあります。(This antibiotic works by killing bacteria.)

In the news, you will hear 抗生物質 in the context of 'AMR' (Antimicrobial Resistance). NHK and other news outlets frequently report on the danger of 'super-resistant bacteria' caused by the misuse of antibiotics. They use the term in a more scientific and cautionary tone.

In Agriculture and Food: You may see this word on food labels or in reports about livestock. '抗生物質不使用' (Kouseibubshitsu fushiyou) means 'No antibiotics used,' which is a marketing point for high-quality meat or poultry in Japanese supermarkets.

点滴で抗生物質を投与しています。(We are administering antibiotics via IV drip.)

Pharmacy interactions are where you will hear the most detailed explanations. Pharmacists will use the word while pointing at your Okusuri Techou (Medication Notebook), explaining how the antibiotic interacts with other drugs or food (like avoiding dairy with certain types).

Parenting Circles: Parents often discuss whether their children were prescribed 'kouseizai' for ear infections (chuujien) or skin issues, making it a common word in 'mama-tomo' (mom friend) conversations.

Learning 抗生物質 involves avoiding both linguistic and medical misconceptions. The most common errors involve confusion with other types of medication and grammatical misapplications.

Mistake 1: Confusing with Antivirals: Many learners assume antibiotics work for the flu. In Japanese, an antiviral is 抗ウイルス薬 (kou-uirusu-yaku). Using 'Kouseibubshitsu' when you mean 'Tamiflu' is a factual and linguistic error.

インフルエンザに抗生物質は効きません。(Antibiotics do not work against influenza.)

Another mistake is using the wrong verb. While nomu is acceptable, using taberu (to eat) for medicine is a major error. Medication is always 'drunk' (nomu) or 'ingested' (fukuyou) in Japanese culture, regardless of whether it is a pill, powder, or liquid.

Mistake 2: Kanji Misreading: Learners often misread 物質 (busshitsu) as monoshitsu or butsushitsu. The correct reading is busshitsu (with a small 'tsu' sound leading into the 'sh').

症状が良くなっても、抗生物質を途中でやめてはいけません。(Even if symptoms improve, you must not stop the antibiotics halfway.)

Mistake 3: Over-relying on the Short Form: While 抗生剤 (kouseizai) is common, using it in a formal medical report or a very serious conversation with a specialist might seem slightly too casual. Stick to 'Kouseibubshitsu' for maximum clarity and professionalism.

While 抗生物質 is the most precise term, several related words exist that learners should distinguish between to sound more natural and accurate.

抗生剤 (こうせいざい - Kouseizai): This is the 'medication' version of antibiotic. While bubshitsu means 'substance,' zai means 'agent/medicine.' It is very common in spoken Japanese and essentially interchangeable in daily life.

その抗生剤、いつまで飲むの？ (How long are you taking those antibiotics for?)

抗菌薬 (こうきんやく - Koukin-yaku): This means 'antimicrobial drug.' It is a broader term that includes synthetic drugs (like sulfonamides) as well as antibiotics. In modern medical guidelines, Koukin-yaku is actually the preferred scientific term over Kouseibubshitsu.

Comparison Table:

Word	Meaning	Best Used In...
抗生物質	Antibiotic	Formal medical contexts
抗生剤	Antibiotic (drug)	Daily conversation
抗菌薬	Antimicrobial	Scientific/Modern medicine

細菌の増殖を抑えるために、抗菌薬を使用します。(We use antimicrobials to suppress bacterial growth.)

化膿止め (かのうどめ - Kanoudome): A more old-fashioned or colloquial way to refer to antibiotics, particularly those used to prevent pus (kanou) in wounds. You might hear elderly people use this term.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

Before '抗生物質' became the standard term, antibiotics were often called 'miracle drugs' (mahou no kusuri) in post-war Japan because they drastically reduced deaths from tuberculosis and pneumonia.

발음 가이드

UK koːseːbɯssitsɯ

US koʊseɪbʊsːitsu

Flat pitch (Heiban) or slightly rising on the second mora.

라임이 맞는 단어

物質 (Busshitsu) 質 (Shitsu) 実 (Jitsu) 室 (Shitsu) 蜜 (Mitsu) 筆 (Hitsu) 失 (Shitsu) 秩 (Chitsu)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it as 'koseibushitsu' without the long vowels.
Missing the double 's' sound in 'busshitsu'.
Confusing the 'tsu' with 'su'.
Stressing the wrong syllable (Japanese is pitch-accent based).
Saying 'butsushitsu' instead of 'busshitsu'.

난이도

독해 4/5

The kanji are N2-N1 level, though the word is learned earlier.

쓰기 5/5

Writing '物質' and '抗' from memory is challenging for intermediate learners.

말하기 3/5

Long word, but phonetic and follows standard Japanese phonology.

듣기 2/5

Very distinct sound; easy to pick out in a medical context.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

薬 (Kusuri) 病気 (Byouki) 飲む (Nomu) 医者 (Isha) 細菌 (Saikin)

다음에 배울 것

副作用 (Fukuyou) 処方箋 (Shohousen) 耐性 (Taisei) 免疫 (Men'eki) 診断 (Shindan)

고급

微生物学 (Biseibutsugaku) 化学療法 (Kagaku ryouhou) 創薬 (Souyaku) 臨床試験 (Rinshou shiken) 薬理学 (Yakurigaku)

알아야 할 문법

Noun + を + Verb (Object marker)

抗生物質を飲む。

Noun + が + Adjective (Description)

抗生物質が強い。

Verb stem + 切る (Completion)

抗生物質を飲み切る。

Noun + による + Noun (Cause/Means)

抗生物質による治療。

Noun + は + Noun + に + 効く (Effectiveness)

抗生物質は細菌に効く。

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

これは抗生物質です。

This is an antibiotic.

A is B (Desu) structure.

抗生物質を飲みます。

I take antibiotics.

Object marker 'wo' with 'nomu'.

抗生物質、ありますか？

Do you have antibiotics?

Simple existence question.

はい、抗生物質です。

Yes, it is an antibiotic.

Polite confirmation.

抗生物質は白です。

The antibiotic is white.

Describing a property.

この薬は抗生物質ですか？

Is this medicine an antibiotic?

Question form.

抗生物質をください。

Please give me antibiotics.

Request form 'kudasai'.

抗生物質が好きじゃないです。

I don't like antibiotics.

Negative preference.

抗生物質を三日間飲んでください。

Please take the antibiotics for three days.

Duration + 'te kudasai'.

この抗生物質は強いですか？

Is this antibiotic strong?

Adjective 'tsuyoi' modifying the noun.

抗生物質を飲み終わりました。

I finished taking the antibiotics.

Verb stem + 'owaru' (to finish).

昨日の夜、抗生物質を飲みました。

I took the antibiotics last night.

Past tense 'mashita'.

抗生物質を忘れないでください。

Please don't forget the antibiotics.

Negative request 'nai de kudasai'.

食後に抗生物質を飲みます。

I take antibiotics after meals.

Time marker 'shokugo'.

抗生物質はどこですか？

Where are the antibiotics?

Location question.

安い抗生物質が欲しいです。

I want cheap antibiotics.

Adjective + 'hoshii' (want).

抗生物質を処方してもらいました。

I had antibiotics prescribed for me.

Causative-passive / Receiving a favor 'te morau'.

抗生物質を飲み切ることが大切です。

It is important to finish all the antibiotics.

Nominalized clause with 'koto'.

抗生物質でアレルギーが出たことがありますか？

Have you ever had an allergic reaction to antibiotics?

Experience pattern 'ta koto ga aru'.

風邪には抗生物質は効きません。

Antibiotics are not effective for colds.

Contrastive 'wa' and 'kiku' (to work).

この抗生物質は一日二回服用します。

Take this antibiotic twice a day.

Formal verb 'fukuyou suru'.

抗生物質の副作用で下痢になりました。

I got diarrhea as a side effect of the antibiotics.

Cause 'de' + result.

医者は抗生物質が必要だと言いました。

The doctor said that antibiotics are necessary.

Quotation 'to iimashita'.

抗生物質を飲むのをやめてもいいですか？

Is it okay to stop taking the antibiotics?

Permission pattern 'te mo ii desu ka'.

抗生物質の乱用は耐性菌を生み出す原因になります。

The misuse of antibiotics causes the creation of resistant bacteria.

Noun + 'wa' + Noun + 'no gen'in ni naru'.

最近、抗生物質が効かない細菌が増えています。

Recently, bacteria that antibiotics don't work on are increasing.

Relative clause modifying 'saikin'.

医師は慎重に抗生物質の種類を選びました。

The doctor carefully chose the type of antibiotic.

Adverbial 'shinchou ni'.

抗生物質の投与により、症状が劇的に改善しました。

Due to the administration of antibiotics, symptoms improved dramatically.

Formal cause 'ni yori'.

この抗生物質は広範囲の細菌に有効です。

This antibiotic is effective against a wide range of bacteria.

Compound 'kou-han-i' (wide range).

抗生物質を途中で止めると、再発の恐れがあります。

If you stop antibiotics halfway, there is a risk of relapse.

Condition 'to' + 'osore ga aru' (fear/risk of).

家畜の成長を促すために抗生物質が使われることがあります。

Antibiotics are sometimes used to promote the growth of livestock.

Passive 'tsukawareru' + 'koto ga aru'.

新しい抗生物質の開発には多額の費用がかかります。

Developing new antibiotics costs a lot of money.

Nominalized 'kaihatsu ni wa'.

抗生物質の発見は、医学史における最大の転換点の一つです。

The discovery of antibiotics is one of the greatest turning points in medical history.

Formal structure 'ni okeru'.

薬剤耐性（AMR）対策として、抗生物質の適正使用が求められています。

As a countermeasure against drug resistance (AMR), the appropriate use of antibiotics is required.

Passive 'motomerarete iru'.

抗生物質はウイルスには無効であることを、患者に周知徹底させるべきだ。

Patients should be thoroughly informed that antibiotics are ineffective against viruses.

Formal 'beki da' (should).

特定の抗生物質に対して過敏症を持つ患者には、代替薬を検討します。

For patients with hypersensitivity to specific antibiotics, we consider alternative drugs.

Noun + 'ni taishite'.

抗生物質の普及により、かつての不治の病が克服されました。

With the spread of antibiotics, once incurable diseases were overcome.

Formal 'ni yori' (means/method).

微生物が自らを防衛するために生成するのが抗生物質の起源です。

The origin of antibiotics is what microorganisms produce to defend themselves.

Explanatory 'no desu' structure.

抗生物質市場の収益性が低いため、製薬会社の撤退が相次いでいます。

Because the profitability of the antibiotic market is low, pharmaceutical companies are withdrawing one after another.

Causal 'tame' + 'aitsuide iru' (occurring successively).

抗生物質の予防的投与については、専門家の間でも意見が分かれています。

Opinions among experts are divided regarding the prophylactic administration of antibiotics.

Compound 'yobouteki touyo' (prophylactic administration).

多剤耐性菌の脅威は、現代医療の根幹を揺るがす喫緊の課題であり、抗生物質のパラドックスとも言える。

The threat of multi-drug-resistant bacteria is an urgent issue shaking the foundations of modern medicine, often called the 'antibiotic paradox.'

Highly formal 'kikkin no kadai' (urgent issue).

抗生物質の分子構造を改変することで、既存の耐性メカニズムを回避する試みがなされている。

Attempts are being made to circumvent existing resistance mechanisms by modifying the molecular structure of antibiotics.

Passive 'nasarete iru'.

ポスト抗生物質時代の到来を防ぐためには、国際的な枠組みでの監視体制が不可欠である。

To prevent the arrival of a post-antibiotic era, a monitoring system within an international framework is essential.

Formal 'fukaketsu da' (essential).

抗生物質の選択圧によって、生存に有利な遺伝子を持つ菌が選択的に増殖する。

Due to the selective pressure of antibiotics, bacteria with genes advantageous for survival selectively proliferate.

Scientific 'sentaku-atsu' (selection pressure).

臨床現場における抗生物質の適正なデ・エスカレーションは、耐性菌抑制に極めて有効である。

Appropriate de-escalation of antibiotics in clinical settings is extremely effective in suppressing resistant bacteria.

Technical term 'de-esukareeshon'.

抗生物質の歴史を紐解けば、人類と病原体の果てなき軍拡競争の歴史そのものであることがわかる。

If we unwrap the history of antibiotics, we see it is the very history of an endless arms race between humanity and pathogens.

Idiomatic 'himotokeba' (if we unwrap/examine).

合成生物学を駆使して、自然界には存在しない新規抗生物質を設計する研究が加速している。

Research into designing novel antibiotics that do not exist in nature, utilizing synthetic biology, is accelerating.

Scientific 'kushi shite' (utilizing fully).

抗生物質への過度な依存が、人体のマイクロバイオームに及ぼす長期的影響については未解明な点が多い。

There are many unknowns regarding the long-term effects of excessive reliance on antibiotics on the human microbiome.

Formal 'oyobosu' (to exert/cause).

자주 쓰는 조합

抗生物質を処方する

抗生物質を服用する

抗生物質が効く

抗生物質を飲み切る

抗生物質の副作用

抗生物質耐性

抗生物質を投与する

強い抗生物質

抗生物質のアレルギー

抗生物質不使用

자주 쓰는 구문

抗生物質を出しておきますね

— I will prescribe some antibiotics for you (common doctor's phrase).

念のため、抗生物質を出しておきますね。

最後まで飲み切ってください

— Please finish the whole course (standard pharmacist instruction).

この抗生物質は、最後まで飲み切ってください。

ウイルスには効きません

— It is not effective against viruses.

抗生物質はウイルスには効きませんよ。

お腹が緩くなる

— Stomach getting loose (diarrhea), a common side effect of antibiotics.

抗生物質を飲むとお腹が緩くなることがあります。

耐性菌ができないように

— So that resistant bacteria do not form.

耐性菌ができないように、指示通りに飲んでください。

アレルギーはありますか？

— Do you have any allergies? (standard check for antibiotics).

抗生物質のアレルギーはありますか？

飲み合わせに注意

— Be careful of drug interactions.

他の薬との飲み合わせに注意してください。

ジェネリックの抗生物質

— Generic antibiotic.

ジェネリックの抗生物質を選べますか？

広域抗生物質

— Broad-spectrum antibiotic.

広域抗生物質を使用しましょう。

点滴の抗生物質

— IV antibiotics.

点滴の抗生物質に切り替えます。

자주 혼동되는 단어

抗生物質 vs 抗ウイルス薬

Used for viruses (flu, herpes), not bacteria.

抗生物質 vs ワクチン

Vaccines prevent disease; antibiotics treat existing bacterial infections.

抗生物質 vs 鎮痛剤

Painkillers (like aspirin); they don't fight infection.

관용어 및 표현

"薬も過ぎれば毒となる"

— Even medicine becomes poison if overdone; applies well to antibiotic overuse.

抗生物質の使いすぎは良くない。薬も過ぎれば毒となる。

Proverb

"病は気から"

— Sickness starts from the mind; often said when people demand antibiotics for mental comfort.

抗生物質を欲しがるが、病は気からということもある。

Proverb

"毒を以て毒を制す"

— Using a poison to control a poison; similar to using bacteria-killing substances to heal.

抗生物質の使用は、毒を以て毒を制すようなものだ。

Idiom

"匙を投げる"

— To throw in the spoon (give up); used when antibiotics no longer work on a patient.

抗生物質が効かず、医者が匙を投げる状況は避けたい。

Idiom

"喉元過ぎれば熱さを忘れる"

— Once it passes the throat, you forget the heat; people stop antibiotics as soon as pain stops.

喉元過ぎれば熱さを忘れるで、薬を途中でやめてはいけない。

Proverb

"後の祭り"

— Too late (after the festival); used when resistance has already developed.

耐性菌ができてからでは後の祭りだ。

Idiom

"二の舞を演じる"

— To repeat someone's mistake; e.g., repeating a failed antibiotic treatment.

前回の治療の二の舞を演じないよう、別の抗生物質を使う。

Idiom

"虫の居所が悪い"

— To be in a bad mood; sometimes used jokingly when gut bacteria are upset by antibiotics.

抗生物質のせいで腸内細菌が減り、虫の居所が悪い。

Idiom

"一石二鳥"

— Two birds with one stone; a broad-spectrum antibiotic hitting two infections.

この抗生物質なら、喉と耳の両方に効いて一石二鳥だ。

Idiom

"念には念を入れよ"

— Be extra careful; finishing the course even after feeling better.

念には念を入れよで、抗生物質は最後まで飲むべきだ。

Proverb

혼동하기 쉬운

抗生物質 vs 抗体 (Koutai)

Both start with 'Kou' (anti).

Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system, not drugs you swallow.

体内で抗体が作られる。(Antibodies are made inside the body.)

抗生物質 vs 酵素 (Kouso)

Phonetically similar start.

Enzymes are biological catalysts, unrelated to antibiotics.

消化を助ける酵素。(Enzymes that help digestion.)

抗生物質 vs 抗生剤 (Kouseizai)

Virtually the same meaning.

Kouseizai focuses on the 'medicine' aspect, Kouseibubshitsu on the 'substance.'

この抗生剤を飲んで。

抗生物質 vs 抗菌 (Koukin)

Similar 'anti-germ' meaning.

Koukin is often used for products like 'antibacterial soap' or 'socks.'

抗菌仕様の石鹸。(Antibacterial soap.)

抗生物質 vs 消毒 (Shoudoku)

Both deal with killing germs.

Shoudoku is surface disinfection (alcohol, etc.), not internal medicine.

手を消毒する。(Disinfect hands.)

문장 패턴

これは[Noun]です。

これは抗生物質です。

[Noun]を[Number]日間飲んでください。

抗生物質を五日間飲んでください。

[Noun]は[Target]に効きません。

抗生物質はウイルスには効きません。

[Noun]を飲み切ることが大切です。

抗生物質を飲み切ることが大切です。

[Noun]の乱用は[Result]を招く。

抗生物質の乱用は耐性菌を招く。

[Noun]の発見により、[Change]した。

抗生物質の発見により、医療が劇的に変化した。

[Noun]に対する過敏症。

抗生物質に対する過敏症。

[Noun]のパラドックス。

現代医療における抗生物質のパラドックス。

어휘 가족

명사

抗生剤 (Kouseizai)

抗菌薬 (Koukinyaku)

耐性菌 (Taiseikin)

微生物 (Biseibutsu)

동사

服用する (Fukuyou suru)

処方する (Shohou suru)

投与する (Touyo suru)

飲み切る (Nomikiru)

형용사

抗生的な (Kouseiteki na)

抗菌の (Koukin no)

사용법

frequency

Common in medical and health-related contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'taberu' for antibiotics. → Using 'nomu' or 'fukuyou suru'.
In Japanese, all internal medicine is 'drunk,' never 'eaten.'
Saying 'Kouseibubshitsu' for a flu shot. → Saying 'wakuchin' (vaccine).
Antibiotics treat infections; vaccines prevent them. They are completely different.
Writing '抗生物質' with '生' as 'なま'. → Reading it as 'せい'.
In this compound, '生' is always the Onyomi 'sei'.
Stopping the medicine early because you feel better. → Nomikiru (drinking to the end).
This is a medical mistake that leads to resistant bacteria.
Confusing 'Kouseibubshitsu' with 'Kousenshuryou' (radiation). → Checking the 'sei' sound.
Phonetically similar starts can lead to confusion in high-stress medical situations.

팁

Finish the Course

Always 'nomikiru' (finish) the medicine. This is the most important cultural and medical rule in Japan regarding antibiotics.

Shorten it

Use 'Kouseizai' when talking to friends. It sounds less like a textbook and more like a person.

Verb Choice

Use 'fukuyou suru' when writing formal notes about your medicine. It shows higher Japanese proficiency.

Allergy Check

Always carry your 'Okusuri Techou' (Medication Notebook) to the pharmacy so they can check for antibiotic interactions.

Bacteria vs Virus

Remember: Saikin (Bacteria) = Antibiotics OK. Uirusu (Virus) = Antibiotics NO.

Catch the 'Kou'

Many medical words start with 'Kou' (Anti). Context is key to knowing it's 'Kouseibubshitsu'.

Kanji Meaning

Focus on '抗' (Against). It appears in many useful words like 'Kougai' (Pollution/Against-public).

Pitch Accent

The word is usually flat. Don't put heavy stress on any part of the word.

Japanese Clinics

Don't be surprised if a doctor gives you antibiotics for a 'preventative' reason; it's a common practice in Japan.

Word Family

Learn '物質' (Busshitsu) separately. It’s a common N2 word meaning 'substance' or 'matter'.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine an 'Anti' (抗) 'Living' (生) 'Thing' (物) 'Quality' (質). It's the quality of a thing that is anti-living (germs).

시각적 연상

Visualize a tiny shield (抗) protecting a cell (生) from a blob of bacteria.

Word Web

抗生物質細菌病院薬局処方箋副作用耐性回復

챌린지

Go to a Japanese pharmacy (or look at one online) and try to find the word 抗生物質 on any signage or pamphlets. Try to say the word five times fast to master the 'ss' and 'tsu' transition.

어원

The term was coined in the 20th century as a Japanese translation of the Western word 'antibiotic.' It utilizes the Kanji '抗' (anti/oppose) and '生物' (living organism) plus '物質' (substance).

원래 의미: A substance that opposes life (specifically, the life of harmful bacteria).

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

문화적 맥락

Be sensitive when asking for antibiotics; demanding them can be seen as questioning the doctor's expertise, especially given the current push against overuse.

In the US/UK, patients are also warned about AMR, but the terminology is strictly 'antibiotics.' In Japan, the split between 'Kouseibubshitsu' and 'Kouseizai' is a unique register difference.

The discovery of Penicillin is taught in Japanese schools as a major scientific milestone. Medical dramas like 'Doctor X' often feature scenes debating the use of powerful antibiotics. Public health posters in Japanese subways often feature 'AMR Awareness' characters.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At the Clinic

抗生物質は必要ですか？
抗生物質のアレルギーがあります。
以前、この抗生物質を飲みました。
抗生物質を出してください。

At the Pharmacy

この抗生物質は何日分ですか？
飲み忘れた場合はどうすればいいですか？
副作用はありますか？
最後まで飲まないといけませんか？

In a Science Class

抗生物質の仕組みを説明してください。
耐性菌の発生を防ぐには？
抗生物質の歴史について学びます。
ペニシリンは最初の抗生物質です。

At the Supermarket

これは抗生物質不使用の肉ですか？
無添加・抗生物質なしを選びます。
食品の安全性が気になります。
ラベルを確認してください。

News/Media

多剤耐性菌が問題になっています。
新しい抗生物質の承認が下りました。
抗生物質の適正使用を呼びかけています。
医療従事者向けのガイドライン。

대화 시작하기

"最近、体調が悪いんだけど、抗生物質を飲んだほうがいいかな？ (I haven't been feeling well lately; do you think I should take antibiotics?)"

"抗生物質のアレルギーって、何か持ってる？ (Do you have any allergies to antibiotics?)"

"日本の医者は抗生物質を出しすぎだと思わない？ (Don't you think Japanese doctors prescribe too many antibiotics?)"

"抗生物質を飲むと、いつもお腹の調子が悪くなるんだよね。 (Whenever I take antibiotics, my stomach always gets upset.)"

"新しい抗生物質が開発されたっていうニュース、見た？ (Did you see the news about a new antibiotic being developed?)"

일기 주제

もし抗生物質がなかったら、私たちの生活はどう変わっていたでしょうか？ (How would our lives be different if antibiotics didn't exist?)

あなたが最後に抗生物質を飲んだ時のことを書いてください。何の病気でしたか？ (Write about the last time you took antibiotics. What illness was it?)

薬剤耐性菌（AMR）の問題について、あなたができることは何ですか？ (What can you do regarding the issue of antimicrobial resistance?)

「薬も過ぎれば毒となる」という言葉について、抗生物質を例に考えてみましょう。 (Consider the phrase 'Even medicine becomes poison if overdone,' using antibiotics as an example.)

病院で抗生物質を処方された時のやり取りを想像して書いてください。 (Imagine and write a conversation where you are prescribed antibiotics at a hospital.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, antibiotics require a prescription from a licensed physician in Japan. You cannot buy them at a drugstore without one.

To ensure all bacteria are killed. If you stop early, the survivors can become '耐性菌' (resistant bacteria), which are much harder to treat later.

Only if the sore throat is caused by bacteria (like strep). Most sore throats are viral, so antibiotics won't help.

The most common in Japan are '下痢' (diarrhea) and '腹痛' (stomach pain), because they can kill good gut bacteria.

Yes, for all practical purposes. 'Kouseizai' is just a slightly more common way to say it in conversation.

Tell your doctor: '抗生物質のアレルギーがあります' (I have an antibiotic allergy). They will find an alternative.

Generally, it is advised to avoid alcohol as it can interfere with the medicine or worsen side effects. Ask your pharmacist: 'お酒を飲んでもいいですか？'

You use the word '広域' (kou-iki). So, '広域抗生物質' (kou-iki kouseibubshitsu).

Foods like garlic or honey are sometimes called 'tennen no kouseibubshitsu,' but they are not medical substitutes.

No, there are many classes like Cephems, Macrolides, and Quinolones, all referred to as 抗生物質.

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