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A2 pronoun #2,000 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

consigo

상위 2,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 consigo 30초 만에

설명 consigo in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on 'consigo' as a formal way to say 'with you' in Portugal. Imagine you are talking to a teacher or a doctor. Instead of the informal 'contigo', you use 'consigo'. It's like saying 'with you, sir' or 'with you, madam'. You might also see it in very simple reflexive sentences like 'Ele leva o cão consigo' (He takes the dog with him). Don't worry too much about the complex grammar yet; just remember it's a polite way to address someone in a 'with' context. You will mostly hear this in European Portuguese. In Brazil, you can stick to 'com você' for now, but it's good to recognize 'consigo' when you read it in books.

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At A2, you begin to distinguish between the reflexive and the formal usage. You should be able to use 'consigo' to describe someone carrying something or being with themselves. For example, 'Ela trouxe o almoço consigo' (She brought her lunch with her). You also learn that 'consigo' is the 3rd person version of 'comigo' (with me) and 'contigo' (with you). This is the level where you must start being careful not to confuse it with the verb 'conseguir' (I can). A good rule of thumb: if it's at the end of a phrase after a verb of movement or possession, it's likely the pronoun. If it's at the start of a sentence followed by another verb, it's likely the verb 'I manage'.

By B1, you should be comfortable using 'consigo' in formal emails and professional settings, especially if you are dealing with European Portuguese. You understand that 'consigo' can refer to 'você', 'ele', or 'ela'. You also start using 'consigo mesmo' or 'consigo própria' to emphasize that someone is doing something to or for themselves, such as 'Ele está a falar consigo mesmo' (He is talking to himself). You should also be aware that in Brazil, this word is almost exclusively reflexive and sounds very formal. You can now use it to add a layer of sophistication to your descriptions of people's habits and possessions.

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At the B2 level, you master the nuances of ambiguity. You know that 'O João falou consigo' could mean 'João spoke with you' or 'João spoke with himself', and you can use context or the addition of 'mesmo' to clarify. you are also aware of the plural reflexive use: 'Eles levaram os segredos consigo' (They took the secrets with them). You start to notice 'consigo' in more abstract contexts, like 'A paz traz consigo a felicidade' (Peace brings happiness with it). Your usage should be fluid, and you should be able to switch between 'com você' and 'consigo' depending on whether you are in Brazil or Portugal or the level of formality required.

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At C1, you use 'consigo' with stylistic precision. You understand its etymological roots and why it's used in legal and literary texts to maintain a high register. You can identify and use 'consigo' in complex sentence structures where it refers back to a distant subject. You also understand the subtle social implications of using 'consigo' versus 'com o senhor' in Portugal. You are capable of using the pronoun in philosophical discussions about the self ('estar bem consigo próprio'). Your understanding of regional variations is complete, and you can mimic the appropriate usage for different Lusophone dialects without hesitation.

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At the C2 level, 'consigo' is a tool for rhetorical elegance. You use it in academic writing, legal drafting, and high literature. You understand archaic uses and how the word has evolved. You can explain to others the redundant Latin 'cum' in its formation. You use 'consigo' to create specific rhythms in your prose or to maintain a consistent formal tone in diplomatic or high-level professional communication. You are also aware of how 'consigo' is used in different African Portuguese-speaking countries (PALOP), where it often follows the European model of formality. You have a native-like intuition for when 'consigo' is the only acceptable choice.

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consigo 30초 만에

A versatile pronoun meaning 'with himself/herself' or 'with you' (formal).
Essential for polite conversation in Portugal to avoid being too informal.
Often used reflexively to show someone is carrying an item or feeling.
Must be distinguished from the verb 'consigo' which means 'I can'.

The Portuguese word consigo is a prepositional pronoun that serves a dual purpose in the Lusophone world, though its usage varies significantly between European Portuguese (PT-PT) and Brazilian Portuguese (PT-BR). At its core, it is a combination of the preposition com (with) and the reflexive pronoun si. In its primary reflexive sense, it translates to 'with himself', 'with herself', 'with themselves', or 'with itself'. This reflexive nature means the subject of the sentence is performing an action that involves themselves. For example, in the sentence 'Ele levou o guarda-chuva consigo', the subject (he) took the umbrella with him.

Reflexive Usage: When the action refers back to the subject of the verb. It is used for the third person (singular and plural).

Beyond the reflexive, especially in Portugal, consigo is the standard formal way to say 'with you' (referring to você or o senhor/a senhora). This is a crucial distinction for learners: while a Brazilian might say 'com você', a Portuguese person will almost invariably say 'consigo' in a formal or semi-formal context.

O diretor gostaria de falar consigo no escritório.

This dual identity can lead to ambiguity. If someone says 'Ele falou consigo', does it mean 'He spoke with himself' or 'He spoke with you (formal)'? Usually, context clarifies the intent. If the speaker is looking at you, they mean 'with you'. If they are talking about a third person's internal monologue, they mean 'with himself'.

Grammatical Origin: It stems from the Latin 'cum' (with) + 'se' (reflexive pronoun) + 'cum' (repeated). This redundant 'cum' is why we have the 'go' ending, similar to 'comigo' and 'contigo'.

Ela sempre traz um livro consigo para ler no metrô.

É um prazer trabalhar consigo, Sr. Silva.

Eles levam as crianças consigo para todo o lado.

O sucesso traz consigo grandes responsabilidades.

Formal vs. Informal: In Portugal, 'consigo' is the formal counterpart to 'contigo' (with you - informal). In Brazil, 'com você' replaces 'consigo' in almost all non-reflexive instances.

Understanding 'consigo' requires recognizing the subject-object relationship. If the subject is 'ele' (he) and the object is also 'ele' (him), 'consigo' is the bridge. If the subject is 'eu' (I) speaking to 'você' (you) in a formal setting, 'consigo' is the polite destination of the preposition 'com'.

Using consigo correctly depends on whether you are aiming for a reflexive meaning or a formal address. Let's break down the rules for both scenarios to ensure you sound like a native speaker.

Rule 1: The Reflexive Third Person: Use 'consigo' when the subject (ele, ela, eles, elas, você, vocês) is doing something with themselves. Example: 'Ela está zangada consigo mesma' (She is angry with herself). Adding 'mesmo/a' often helps emphasize the reflexive nature.

In European Portuguese, the second major use is for formal address. When you are speaking to someone you would address as 'você', 'o senhor', or 'a senhora', you use 'consigo' instead of 'com você'.

Queria partilhar esta ideia consigo, se tiver um momento.

Rule 2: Avoid Ambiguity: If a sentence like 'Ele trouxe o livro consigo' is unclear, Portuguese speakers might use 'com ele' to mean 'with him (someone else)' and 'consigo' to mean 'with himself'. However, 'consigo' is increasingly rare in Brazil for anything other than 'with oneself'.

O senhor trouxe os documentos consigo?

Eles não levaram dinheiro consigo para a viagem.

Ela fala consigo mesma quando está nervosa.

Posso contar consigo para o projeto de amanhã?

Rule 3: Plural Usage: While 'consigo' is singular in form, it can refer to plural subjects (eles/elas/vocês) in its reflexive sense: 'Eles trouxeram os filhos consigo'. However, for 'with you (plural)', PT-PT often uses 'convosco'.

When writing, especially in formal letters or emails in Portugal, 'consigo' is your best friend. It maintains a professional distance while being grammatically precise. In Brazil, stick to 'com você' for 'with you' and save 'consigo' for philosophical or highly formal reflexive statements.

The environments where you encounter consigo vary by geography. In Portugal, you will hear it everywhere—from the grocery store to the boardroom. A cashier might ask, 'A conta está correta consigo?' (Is the bill correct with you?). In a business meeting, a colleague might say, 'Concordo consigo' (I agree with you).

Daily Life in Portugal: Used in service industries, formal introductions, and polite conversation among strangers or acquaintances.

In Brazil, the auditory landscape is different. You are much less likely to hear 'consigo' in casual conversation. Instead, it appears in literature, news broadcasts, or formal speeches. A news anchor might say, 'O presidente trouxe consigo uma nova proposta' (The president brought with him a new proposal).

No tribunal, o juiz falou consigo em tom solene.

Literary Contexts: In novels, 'consigo' is used to describe a character's internal state: 'Ele guardava o segredo consigo' (He kept the secret with himself/to himself).

O médico quer falar consigo sobre os exames.

Ela levava o passado consigo por onde quer que fosse.

Posso ir consigo até à paragem de autocarro?

Eles trouxeram a mudança consigo.

Legal and Formal Documents: Contracts often use 'consigo' to refer back to a previously mentioned party: 'O contratante levará consigo as ferramentas'.

You'll also hear it in psychological contexts. A therapist might ask a patient, 'Como se sente consigo mesmo?' (How do you feel with yourself?). This reflexive use is universal across all Portuguese-speaking countries. In summary, if you are in Lisbon, expect to hear it as a polite 'with you'. If you are in Rio, expect it as a formal 'with him/herself'.

The most frequent error for beginners is confusing the pronoun consigo with the first-person singular of the verb conseguir (to manage/to be able to), which is also spelled consigo.

Mistake 1: Pronoun vs. Verb: 'Eu não consigo fazer isto' (I can't do this) vs. 'Ele trouxe o livro consigo' (He brought the book with him). The context and position in the sentence are key.

Another common pitfall is using 'consigo' to mean 'with me' or 'with us'. Remember: 'with me' is comigo and 'with us' is connosco. Using 'consigo' for these will make your sentence unintelligible.

Errado: Vem consigo? (When you mean 'Are you coming with me?') -> Correto: Vem comigo?

Mistake 2: Misplacing 'Mesmo': When using 'consigo' reflexively, learners often forget to add 'mesmo' or 'próprio' for clarity. While not always required, 'Ele falou consigo mesmo' is much clearer than 'Ele falou consigo'.

Errado: Ele está satisfeito com ele. (If he is satisfied with himself) -> Correto: Ele está satisfeito consigo.

Errado: Posso falar contigo, Sr. Diretor? (Too informal) -> Correto: Posso falar consigo, Sr. Diretor?

Errado: Eles levaram as malas com eles. (Acceptable but less elegant) -> Correto: Eles levaram as malas consigo.

Errado: Eu vou consigo. (If you mean 'I am going with you' in Brazil) -> Correto: Eu vou com você.

Mistake 3: Overuse in Brazil: Brazilians rarely use 'consigo' as 'with you'. If you use it in São Paulo, people will know you learned 'Portugal Portuguese' or are reading from an old textbook.

Lastly, avoid using 'consigo' for the plural 'with you' (you all) in Portugal; 'convosco' is the correct form for 'with you guys', though 'com vocês' is becoming common in informal speech.

To master consigo, you must understand its relationship with other prepositional pronouns. It belongs to a family of words that combine 'com' with a pronoun.

Comigo vs. Consigo: 'Comigo' means 'with me'. It is never reflexive. 'Consigo' is third-person or formal second-person.

Contigo vs. Consigo: 'Contigo' is 'with you' (informal/tu). 'Consigo' is 'with you' (formal/você) or 'with him/her'.

Eu vou contigo ao cinema (informal) vs. Eu vou consigo ao teatro (formal).

Connosco and Convosco: 'Connosco' (with us) and 'Convosco' (with you all - formal PT-PT). These follow the same 'com + pronoun + cum' pattern.

Eles trouxeram os amigos com eles (The friends are not 'them') vs. Eles trouxeram os casacos consigo (The coats belong to the subject).

Fique consigo (Stay with yourself/keep it) vs. Fique comigo (Stay with me).

Ele não está bem consigo próprio.

Quer que eu leve a mala consigo?

Si vs. Consigo: 'Si' is the base pronoun used after other prepositions (e.g., 'para si', 'de si'). 'Consigo' is specifically for the preposition 'com'.

Understanding these contrasts helps you choose the right word for the right person. 'Consigo' is the 'suit and tie' of the 'with' pronouns—formal, precise, and slightly reserved.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Prepositional pronouns

Reflexive pronouns

Formal vs. Informal address

Verb conjugation of 'conseguir'

Use of 'mesmo' for emphasis

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수준별 예문

Posso falar consigo?

Can I speak with you (formal)?

Formal address 'você' + 'com'.

Ele leva o livro consigo.

He takes the book with him.

Reflexive third person.

O senhor traz o guarda-chuva consigo?

Do you (sir) bring the umbrella with you?

Formal second person.

Ela tem o telemóvel consigo.

She has the phone with her.

Reflexive third person.

Quero ir consigo ao mercado.

I want to go with you (formal) to the market.

Formal address.

Ele está consigo no carro.

He is with you (formal) in the car.

Formal address.

A senhora tem a chave consigo?

Do you (madam) have the key with you?

Formal second person.

Eles levam o gato consigo.

They take the cat with them.

Plural reflexive.

Ela trouxe a mala consigo para a festa.

She brought the suitcase with her to the party.

Reflexive use.

O diretor quer falar consigo agora.

The director wants to speak with you (formal) now.

Formal address.

Ele não trouxe dinheiro consigo.

He didn't bring money with him.

Reflexive third person.

Posso contar consigo para este trabalho?

Can I count on you (formal) for this job?

Formal address.

Ela fala consigo mesma no espelho.

She talks to herself in the mirror.

Reflexive with 'mesma'.

O senhor leva o recibo consigo?

Are you (sir) taking the receipt with you?

Formal address.

Eles guardam o segredo consigo.

They keep the secret with them.

Reflexive plural.

Vou consigo até à porta.

I'll go with you (formal) to the door.

Formal address.

É importante estar em paz consigo próprio.

It is important to be at peace with oneself.

Reflexive with 'próprio'.

O professor trouxe consigo vários mapas.

The teacher brought several maps with him.

Reflexive third person.

Gostaria de agendar uma reunião consigo.

I would like to schedule a meeting with you (formal).

Formal business address.

Ela levava consigo uma tristeza profunda.

She carried a deep sadness with her.

Abstract reflexive.

Pode levar estes documentos consigo.

You (formal) can take these documents with you.

Formal address.

Ele sempre traz a sua sorte consigo.

He always brings his luck with him.

Reflexive third person.

A senhora está satisfeita consigo mesma?

Are you (madam) satisfied with yourself?

Reflexive formal.

Eles trouxeram a mudança consigo.

They brought the change with them.

Reflexive plural.

O novo projeto traz consigo muitos desafios.

The new project brings many challenges with it.

Inanimate reflexive.

Fiquei impressionado consigo na apresentação.

I was impressed with you (formal) during the presentation.

Formal address.

Ele debateu o assunto consigo mesmo antes de decidir.

He debated the matter with himself before deciding.

Reflexive emphasis.

Agradeço a oportunidade de colaborar consigo.

I appreciate the opportunity to collaborate with you (formal).

Formal professional address.

Ela carregava consigo a responsabilidade da família.

She carried with her the responsibility of the family.

Metaphorical reflexive.

O senhor deve levar o passaporte sempre consigo.

You (sir) should always carry your passport with you.

Formal advice.

Eles não levaram nada consigo quando partiram.

They took nothing with them when they left.

Reflexive plural.

A solidão trazia consigo um silêncio ensurdecedor.

Solitude brought with it a deafening silence.

Literary reflexive.

O orador trazia consigo uma aura de autoridade.

The speaker carried with him an aura of authority.

Literary reflexive.

É um privilégio poder privar consigo.

It is a privilege to be able to share your company (formal).

High register formal address.

O réu levava consigo provas da sua inocência.

The defendant carried with him proof of his innocence.

Legal context.

A modernidade arrasta consigo tradições antigas.

Modernity drags ancient traditions along with it.

Abstract reflexive.

Permita-me discordar consigo neste ponto específico.

Allow me to disagree with you (formal) on this specific point.

Formal disagreement.

Ele guardava consigo um ressentimento de anos.

He kept a resentment of years with him.

Reflexive third person.

A senhora traz consigo a solução para o problema.

You (madam) bring the solution to the problem with you.

Formal address.

Eles arrastaram consigo toda a multidão.

They dragged the whole crowd along with them.

Reflexive plural.

A obra de arte encerra em si e consigo um universo.

The work of art contains within itself and with itself a universe.

Philosophical reflexive.

Vossa Excelência leva consigo as esperanças da nação.

Your Excellency carries with you the hopes of the nation.

Honorific formal address.

O tempo, na sua voracidade, leva tudo consigo.

Time, in its voracity, takes everything with it.

Poetic reflexive.

Não pretendo entrar em polémicas consigo.

I do not intend to enter into controversies with you (formal).

High register address.

O silêncio trazia consigo o peso da verdade.

The silence brought with it the weight of truth.

Metaphorical reflexive.

Eles trouxeram consigo a herança dos seus antepassados.

They brought with them the heritage of their ancestors.

Reflexive plural.

A senhora, ao partir, levou consigo a minha alegria.

You (madam), upon leaving, took my joy with you.

Formal poetic address.

O mar revolto arrastava consigo os destroços.

The rough sea dragged the debris along with it.

Inanimate reflexive.

자주 쓰는 조합

trazer consigo

levar consigo

falar consigo

estar consigo

contar consigo

consigo mesmo

consigo própria

guardar consigo

carregar consigo

ter consigo

자주 쓰는 구문

Fale consigo mesmo.

Posso ir consigo?

Ele trouxe o cão consigo.

Conte consigo para tudo.

Ela está bem consigo.

Leve o recibo consigo.

O sucesso traz consigo...

Fiquei consigo na ideia.

Trabalhar consigo é bom.

Eles levam tudo consigo.

자주 혼동되는 단어

consigo vs consigo (verb)

1st person singular of 'conseguir' (I can/manage).

consigo vs comigo

Means 'with me', never 'with you' or 'with him'.

consigo vs contigo

Informal 'with you' (tu).

관용어 및 표현

"Estar de mal consigo mesmo"

"Falar com os seus botões (similar to falar consigo mesmo)"

"Trazer a escola consigo"

"Levar a música consigo"

"Ter o mundo consigo"

"Estar bem consigo próprio"

"Não caber em si (related to reflexive state)"

"Resolver consigo"

"Guardar para si (related)"

"Puxar a brasa à sua sardinha (related to self-interest)"

혼동하기 쉬운

consigo vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

emphasis

Often paired with 'mesmo' or 'próprio'.

regional

Strong formal use in PT-PT, mostly reflexive in PT-BR.

ambiguity

Can mean 'with him' or 'with you'.

자주 하는 실수

Confusing 'consigo' (pronoun) with 'consigo' (verb 'conseguir').
Using 'consigo' for 'with me' (should be 'comigo').
Using 'consigo' for informal 'with you' in Portugal (should be 'contigo').
Using 'consigo' for 'with you' in casual Brazilian Portuguese.
Forgetting 'mesmo' when clarity is needed for reflexive meaning.

팁

Reflexive Rule

Always use 'consigo' when the person doing the action is the same as the person the action is 'with'. This is the most stable rule across all dialects. It prevents confusion with other people.

Portugal vs Brazil

If you are in Lisbon, use 'consigo' to be polite to strangers. If you are in Rio, use 'com você' to avoid sounding like a 19th-century poet. Knowing your audience is key to using this word.

Use 'Mesmo'

To be 100% clear that you mean 'with himself/herself', add 'mesmo' or 'próprio'. 'Ele falou consigo mesmo' is never ambiguous, whereas 'Ele falou consigo' could be.

The 'Go' Family

Group 'consigo' with 'comigo' and 'contigo' in your mind. They all follow the same pattern of 'com + pronoun + go'. This helps you remember they are all in the same grammatical family.

Formal Address

When using 'consigo' as 'with you', make sure your verb matches. You should be using the third-person conjugation (você/o senhor) for the rest of the sentence to maintain consistency.

Context Clues

If you hear 'consigo' and aren't sure if it's a verb or pronoun, look for a subject. 'Eu consigo' is always a verb. 'Ele leva consigo' is always a pronoun. Subjects are your best friends.

Professionalism

In a cover letter for a job in Portugal, 'Trabalhar consigo' sounds much more professional than 'Trabalhar com você'. It shows you understand local etiquette and formal grammar.

Not for 'Me'

Never use 'consigo' to mean 'with me'. This is a common mistake for Spanish speakers (who use 'conmigo'). In Portuguese, 'with me' is 'comigo'. 'Consigo' is only for 3rd person or formal 2nd.

The Hard G

Ensure the 'g' is hard, like in 'game'. Some learners accidentally make it soft like a 'j', which changes the word entirely. Practice saying 'con-SEE-go' slowly.

Abstract Use

Don't be afraid to use 'consigo' for abstract concepts in writing. 'A guerra traz consigo a fome' is a very elegant and standard way to express consequences in Portuguese.

암기하기

어원

Latin

문화적 맥락

Primarily used in writing, news, and formal speeches.

High usage in formal and semi-formal social settings.

Generally follows the European Portuguese formal patterns.

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실제 사용 상황

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"Posso falar consigo um minuto?"

"O senhor trouxe o seu guarda-chuva consigo?"

"Como é trabalhar consigo?"

"Você costuma falar consigo mesmo?"

"Posso contar consigo para a festa?"

일기 주제

Escreva sobre algo que você sempre traz consigo.

Como você se sente consigo mesmo hoje?

Descreva uma conversa formal que você teve consigo (com outra pessoa).

O que o sucesso traz consigo na sua opinião?

Você prefere viajar sozinho ou levar amigos consigo?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, it can be the first-person singular of the verb 'conseguir'. However, as a pronoun, it means 'with him/her/you'. You can tell the difference by the context. If it follows a verb like 'trazer' or 'levar', it's a pronoun. If it's the main action, like 'Eu consigo correr', it's a verb.

In Portugal, use 'consigo' for formal situations with anyone you address as 'você' or 'o senhor'. In Brazil, 'com você' is almost always preferred for 'with you', and 'consigo' is reserved for reflexive meanings like 'he took it with him'.

Grammatically, it is singular, but it can refer to plural subjects in a reflexive sense. For example, 'Eles levaram os livros consigo' is correct. For formal 'with you (plural)', European Portuguese usually uses 'convosco'.

Technically, 'consigo' is reflexive, so it should mean 'He spoke with himself'. To mean 'He spoke with him (someone else)', you should say 'Ele falou com ele'. However, in formal PT-PT, it could also mean 'He spoke with you'.

It comes from the Latin 'secum'. Over time, Portuguese speakers added 'com' to the beginning but kept the 'cum' sound at the end (which turned into 'go'), creating a redundant but standard form.

Yes, but mostly in its reflexive sense ('Ele trouxe consigo') or in very formal writing. In daily conversation, Brazilians rarely use it to mean 'with you'.

There is no feminine form of 'consigo' itself. It is invariable. However, if you add 'mesmo', it becomes 'consigo mesma' for a female subject.

You use 'consigo'. For example: 'Eles estão zangados consigo mesmos'.

Yes, in a reflexive sense. 'O problema traz consigo uma solução' (The problem brings a solution with it).

In Portugal, it is very polite and formal. In Brazil, it is so formal that it might sound out of place in a casual setting.

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