passivo 30초 만에
- Passivo describes a lack of action or initiative in people, often meaning they are quiet or submissive in various social situations.
- In grammar, the 'voz passiva' is used when the subject of the sentence receives the action rather than performing it.
- In finance and accounting, 'o passivo' refers to all the debts and financial obligations a person or company owes.
- The word must agree in gender (passivo/passiva) when used as an adjective, but 'o passivo' is always masculine as a noun.
The Portuguese word passivo is a multifaceted adjective and noun that primarily describes a state of non-action, acceptance, or a specific financial status. At its core, it mirrors the English 'passive,' but its application across different domains—psychology, grammar, and accounting—requires a nuanced understanding for a Portuguese learner. When describing a person, passivo suggests someone who does not take initiative or who accepts the will of others without resistance. This can be a neutral description or carry a slightly negative connotation depending on whether the context implies a lack of drive or a peaceful disposition.
- Behavioral Context
- Refers to a person who waits for things to happen rather than making them happen. Example: 'Ele tem um comportamento passivo diante dos problemas.'
- Grammatical Context
- Refers to the 'voz passiva' (passive voice), where the subject receives the action. Example: 'A casa foi pintada' (The house was painted).
- Financial Context
- As a noun, 'o passivo' represents liabilities or debts in a balance sheet, contrasting with 'o ativo' (assets).
"Não podemos ser apenas um observador passivo da história; devemos ser protagonistas."
In everyday social interactions, being called 'passivo' might imply that you are easy-going, but in a professional setting, it might be a critique of your lack of proactivity. It is crucial to distinguish between 'ser passivo' (a trait) and 'estar passivo' (a temporary state). Furthermore, the term is used in health contexts, such as 'fumante passivo' (second-hand smoker), which is a vital phrase to know in public health discussions in Brazil or Portugal.
O investimento gerou uma renda passiva mensal considerável.
O sujeito passivo da oração sofre a ação do verbo.
Ele é um fumante passivo porque a esposa fuma muito.
Using passivo correctly involves mastering its gender agreement and its placement within a sentence. As an adjective, it follows the noun it modifies. For instance, 'uma atitude passiva' (a passive attitude). When used in the context of 'passive income,' it becomes 'renda passiva,' a term very popular in modern financial Portuguese. You will often see it paired with verbs like ser (to be permanently), estar (to be temporarily), or tornar-se (to become).
- Gender Agreement
- Masculine: O aluno passivo. Feminine: A aluna passiva. Plural: Os alunos passivos / As alunas passivas.
- Positioning
- Usually placed after the noun to define a characteristic. 'Um papel passivo' (A passive role).
In the financial world, 'o passivo' is a masculine noun. You might hear a CEO say, 'Precisamos reduzir o nosso passivo circulante' (We need to reduce our current liabilities). Here, it is not describing something but naming a category of financial obligations. Understanding this distinction is key for business Portuguese.
When discussing grammar, 'voz passiva' is the standard term. To form it, you use the verb ser + past participle. 'O livro foi lido' (The book was read). In this case, 'passiva' describes the 'voz' (voice), which is a feminine noun.
You will encounter passivo in various environments, from the doctor's office to the bank. In a medical context, a doctor might ask if you are a 'fumante passivo' if you live with someone who smokes. This is a common question in health history forms. In a bank or during a business meeting, the term 'passivo' will appear on balance sheets and financial reports to denote what the company owes to third parties.
O passivo trabalhista da empresa é muito alto.
In news broadcasts, especially those covering politics or social movements, you might hear about 'resistência passiva' (passive resistance), referring to non-violent protest methods. Teachers also use the word frequently when explaining sentence structure: 'Identifiquem o sujeito passivo nesta frase' (Identify the passive subject in this sentence).
- Social Media
- Often used in discussions about 'renda passiva' (passive income) and financial freedom.
- Legal Documents
- Refers to the 'sujeito passivo' of a tax or a crime (the one who owes the tax or is the victim).
One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers is confusing passivo with 'paciente' (patient). While a passive person might be patient, 'passivo' often implies a lack of action that might be negative, whereas 'paciente' is almost always a virtue. Another common error is failing to change the ending for feminine nouns. Saying 'uma atitude passivo' is grammatically incorrect; it must be 'uma atitude passiva'.
Errado: Ela é muito passivo. Correto: Ela é muito passiva.
Learners also struggle with the financial noun 'o passivo'. Because it ends in 'o', it is masculine, but learners sometimes try to make it feminine if they are thinking of 'dívida' (debt), which is feminine. Remember: 'A dívida' but 'O passivo'.
Finally, avoid using 'passivo' when you mean 'submisso' (submissive) unless you specifically want to highlight the lack of activity. 'Submisso' implies a power dynamic, while 'passivo' simply implies a lack of movement or reaction.
To enrich your vocabulary, it's helpful to know words that share a semantic field with passivo. Depending on the context, you might use inerte (inert), which suggests a total lack of movement or life, or indiferente (indifferent), which suggests a lack of care or interest. In a financial context, synonyms for 'o passivo' include dívidas (debts) or obrigações (obligations).
- Inerte
- Used for physical objects or people who are completely unresponsive. 'Ele ficou inerte após o susto.'
- Submisso
- Implies yielding to authority. 'Um comportamento submisso.'
- Estático
- Used when something doesn't change or move. 'Um mercado estático.'
Ao contrário de um líder ativo, ele é um gestor contemplativo e passivo.
Understanding these nuances helps you choose the right word. If you want to say someone is just calm, use 'calmo' or 'tranquilo'. If you want to say they are lazy, use 'preguiçoso'. 'Passivo' is specifically about the lack of initiation or the reception of an action.
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Ele é um homem muito passivo.
He is a very passive man.
Adjective agreement with 'homem' (masculine).
Ela não gosta de ser passiva.
She doesn't like to be passive.
Adjective agreement with 'ela' (feminine).
Você é um fumante passivo?
Are you a second-hand smoker?
Common health-related phrase.
O gato é passivo e calmo.
The cat is passive and calm.
Describing animal behavior.
Eles são passivos na sala de aula.
They are passive in the classroom.
Plural masculine agreement.
Eu sou passivo nesta situação.
I am passive in this situation.
Using 'ser' for a trait.
Maria é uma aluna passiva.
Maria is a passive student.
Feminine noun-adjective pair.
O bebê está passivo hoje.
The baby is passive today.
Using 'estar' for a temporary state.
Não seja tão passivo, tome uma decisão!
Don't be so passive, make a decision!
Imperative mood with the adjective.
O fumo passivo faz mal à saúde.
Second-hand smoke is bad for your health.
Noun phrase used as a subject.
Ele aceitou tudo de forma passiva.
He accepted everything in a passive way.
Adverbial phrase 'de forma passiva'.
Nós temos um papel passivo no projeto.
We have a passive role in the project.
Describing a level of involvement.
A criança é passiva e não brinca.
The child is passive and doesn't play.
Contrasting behavior.
Ela ficou passiva durante a briga.
She remained passive during the fight.
Verb 'ficar' indicating a reaction.
O público estava passivo no show.
The audience was passive at the show.
Describing a collective state.
O verbo está na voz passiva.
The verb is in the passive voice.
Introductory grammatical term.
Muitas pessoas buscam renda passiva na internet.
Many people seek passive income on the internet.
Modern financial terminology.
A voz passiva é usada para focar no objeto.
The passive voice is used to focus on the object.
Explaining grammatical function.
Ele tem um temperamento passivo e evita conflitos.
He has a passive temperament and avoids conflicts.
Psychological description.
O investimento gera juros passivos.
The investment generates passive interest.
Financial context.
Ela assumiu uma postura passiva na reunião.
She took a passive stance in the meeting.
Professional context.
O passivo da empresa aumentou este mês.
The company's liabilities increased this month.
'Passivo' used as a noun (liabilities).
Não podemos ser passivos diante da injustiça.
We cannot be passive in the face of injustice.
Moral/Ethical context.
O sistema de som é passivo e precisa de amplificador.
The sound system is passive and needs an amplifier.
Technical/Electronics context.
O balanço patrimonial mostra o ativo e o passivo.
The balance sheet shows assets and liabilities.
Standard accounting terminology.
A resistência passiva foi uma estratégia importante.
Passive resistance was an important strategy.
Political/Historical term.
O sujeito passivo do crime é a vítima.
The passive subject of the crime is the victim.
Legal terminology.
Ele sofre de um comportamento passivo-agressivo.
He suffers from passive-aggressive behavior.
Compound psychological term.
A empresa deve quitar seu passivo trabalhista.
The company must settle its labor liabilities.
Specific business/legal term.
A voz passiva sintética é comum em jornais.
The synthetic passive voice is common in newspapers.
Advanced grammar (se-passive).
O componente passivo não consome energia.
The passive component does not consume energy.
Engineering context.
O país tem um passivo ambiental enorme.
The country has a huge environmental liability.
Environmental/Economic context.
A passividade do governo gerou críticas severas.
The government's passivity drew severe criticism.
Noun form 'passividade'.
O contribuinte é o sujeito passivo da obrigação tributária.
The taxpayer is the passive subject of the tax obligation.
Precise legal definition.
A tradução da voz passiva requer cuidado estilístico.
Translating the passive voice requires stylistic care.
Linguistic analysis.
O passivo circulante deve ser pago em curto prazo.
Current liabilities must be paid in the short term.
Technical accounting term.
Sua atitude passiva esconde uma grande revolta.
His passive attitude hides a great rebellion.
Literary/Psychological nuance.
O método de ensino passivo está em declínio.
The passive teaching method is in decline.
Educational theory.
A imunização passiva ocorre através de anticorpos prontos.
Passive immunization occurs through ready-made antibodies.
Biological/Medical context.
O passivo histórico da escravidão ainda é sentido.
The historical liability of slavery is still felt.
Sociological metaphor.
A dialética entre o ativo e o passivo define a obra.
The dialectic between the active and the passive defines the work.
Philosophical analysis.
O passivo a descoberto indica insolvência técnica.
Negative equity indicates technical insolvency.
High-level finance.
A fenomenologia da percepção passiva é complexa.
The phenomenology of passive perception is complex.
Philosophical terminology.
O contrato prevê a assunção de todo o passivo contingente.
The contract provides for the assumption of all contingent liabilities.
Complex legal phrasing.
A neutralidade passiva pode ser interpretada como cumplicidade.
Passive neutrality can be interpreted as complicity.
Ethical/Political discourse.
O autor utiliza a voz passiva para despersonalizar o relato.
The author uses the passive voice to depersonalize the narrative.
Literary criticism.
O passivo atuarial do fundo de pensão é preocupante.
The pension fund's actuarial liability is worrying.
Actuarial science.
A aceitação passiva do destino é um tema recorrente.
The passive acceptance of fate is a recurring theme.
Thematic literary analysis.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
Ser um fumante passivo
Estar no passivo
Voz passiva analítica
Renda passiva mensal
Sujeito passivo do imposto
Ficar passivo
Aceitação passiva
Passivo e ativo
Dívida passiva
Elemento passivo
자주 혼동되는 단어
관용어 및 표현
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혼동하기 쉬운
문장 패턴
사용법
While 'passive' in English is often neutral, in Portuguese it can lean towards 'apathetic' in social contexts.
Always masculine: 'O passivo'.
- Using 'passivo' for 'paciente'.
- Forgetting gender agreement: 'ela é passivo'.
- Confusing 'passivo' (liability) with 'dívida' (debt) in gender.
- Using 'passivo' when 'submisso' is more accurate.
- Misspelling it with one 's'.
팁
Agreement
Always match 'passivo' with the noun's gender. 'Voz passiva', 'Homem passivo'.
Liabilities
In accounting, 'o passivo' is everything you owe. It's the opposite of 'o ativo'.
Smoking
Use 'fumante passivo' to describe someone affected by second-hand smoke.
Proactivity
Being 'passivo' in a job interview is usually seen as a negative trait.
Voice
The passive voice uses the verb 'ser'. 'A carta foi escrita' (The letter was written).
False Friends
Don't use 'passivo' when you mean 'passível' (liable to).
Behavior
'Passivo-agressivo' is a common term for indirect hostility.
Legal
'Sujeito passivo' is the one who receives the legal action or pays the tax.
Technical
Passive components don't amplify signals.
Writing
Avoid overusing the passive voice in creative writing to keep it engaging.
암기하기
어원
Latin
문화적 맥락
Often used in self-help and financial circles regarding 'renda passiva'.
Used to describe someone who doesn't take a stand in a 'polêmica' (controversy).
Common in formal legal and administrative language.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
대화 시작하기
"Você acha que é uma pessoa ativa ou passiva?"
"Você já ouviu falar sobre renda passiva?"
"Como você lida com pessoas passivo-agressivas?"
"Você acha que a resistência passiva funciona?"
"É difícil aprender a voz passiva em português?"
일기 주제
Descreva uma situação em que você foi passivo e se arrependeu.
Quais são suas metas para gerar renda passiva no futuro?
Escreva sobre a importância de não ser um fumante passivo.
Analise um comportamento passivo-agressivo que você observou.
Como a passividade pode afetar a carreira de uma pessoa?
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문It is money earned with little to no ongoing effort, like dividends or rent.
No, in grammar it is just a structure, and in personality, it can mean being peaceful.
It is called 'voz passiva' in Portuguese.
A person who breathes in smoke from others' cigarettes (second-hand smoker).
It can be both. As an adjective, it means passive; as a noun, it means liabilities.
Yes, it becomes 'passiva' when describing a female person or feminine noun.
The opposite is 'ativo' (active).
It refers to the debts a company owes to its employees (unpaid wages, etc.).
Yes, for components like resistors that don't require power to function.
It is the party that has the obligation to perform a duty or the victim of an act.
셀프 테스트 180 질문
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Passivo is a versatile word in Portuguese used to describe passive behavior, the passive voice in grammar, second-hand smoking, and financial liabilities. Its meaning shifts significantly between describing a person's character and a company's balance sheet.
- Passivo describes a lack of action or initiative in people, often meaning they are quiet or submissive in various social situations.
- In grammar, the 'voz passiva' is used when the subject of the sentence receives the action rather than performing it.
- In finance and accounting, 'o passivo' refers to all the debts and financial obligations a person or company owes.
- The word must agree in gender (passivo/passiva) when used as an adjective, but 'o passivo' is always masculine as a noun.
Agreement
Always match 'passivo' with the noun's gender. 'Voz passiva', 'Homem passivo'.
Liabilities
In accounting, 'o passivo' is everything you owe. It's the opposite of 'o ativo'.
Smoking
Use 'fumante passivo' to describe someone affected by second-hand smoke.
Proactivity
Being 'passivo' in a job interview is usually seen as a negative trait.
관련 콘텐츠
관련 문법 규칙
general 관련 단어
a cerca de
B1About; approximately.
à direita
A2오른쪽으로 또는 오른쪽에. 방향이나 위치를 나타낼 때 사용됩니다.
à esquerda
A2왼쪽에. 방향을 제시하거나 위치를 설명할 때 사용됩니다.
a fim de
A2in order to
à frente
A2앞에 (Ape). '그는 내 앞에 있다.'
a frente
A2앞에; 앞으로
À frente de
A2~의 앞에, 또는 ~의 선두에. '집 앞에 차가 있습니다'.
a tempo
A2제시간에, 늦지 않게. 어떤 일이 마감 시간이나 특정 사건 전에 일어남을 나타냅니다.
à volta de
A2Around.
abaixo
A1~의 아래에; 밑에.
