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B2 noun 11분 분량

hypotes

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 hypotes 30초 만에

설명 hypotes in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'hypotes' very often. It is a big, scientific word. However, it is good to know that it means 'a smart guess'. When you are learning Swedish, you might guess what a word means. That guess is like a small 'hypotes'. In Swedish schools, even small children start to learn this word when they do simple science experiments, like seeing if a stone sinks or floats. You can think of it as a formal way to say 'Jag tror...' (I think...). For now, just remember that it is 'en hypotes' and it's used when you are not 100% sure about something. It is a useful word to recognize if you read a news headline about science or medicine. It sounds very professional and serious. If you use it, people will think you have a very good vocabulary for a beginner!

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At the A2 level, you can start to use 'hypotes' in simple sentences about learning or basic science. You might say 'Min hypotes är att provet blir svårt' (My hypothesis is that the test will be difficult). This is a bit more advanced than just saying 'Jag tror'. It shows you are thinking logically. You should also know the plural form 'hypoteser'. When you talk about your hobbies or interests, you might have different 'hypoteser' about why something happened. For example, if your plant is dying, your 'hypotes' might be that it needs more water. At this level, focus on the basic structure: 'En hypotes om...' (A hypothesis about...). It's a great word to use when you want to sound a bit more formal in your Swedish class or when writing a simple report.

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At the B1 level, 'hypotes' becomes a very useful word for expressing uncertainty and logical reasoning. You should be able to use it in the context of the 'scientific method' which is often discussed in Swedish media. You should know common verbs that go with it, like 'ställa upp en hypotes' (to formulate a hypothesis) and 'testa en hypotes' (to test a hypothesis). You will hear this word in documentaries, news reports, and at work. It's important to distinguish it from 'en gissning' (a guess). A 'hypotes' is based on some facts, while a 'gissning' can be random. You might use it in a work meeting: 'Vi har en hypotes om varför försäljningen går ner.' This makes your contribution sound more professional and analytical. You should also be comfortable using the definite form 'hypotesen' in a sentence like 'Hypotesen stämde inte' (The hypothesis was not correct).

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At the B2 level, which is where this word is officially categorized, you are expected to use 'hypotes' with precision in academic and professional contexts. You should understand the difference between 'hypotes' and 'teori'. A 'hypotes' is a specific, testable prediction, while a 'teori' is a larger framework. You should be able to discuss the 'validity' of a hypothesis using words like 'styrka' (strengthen), 'bekräfta' (confirm), or 'förkasta' (reject). You will encounter this word in complex texts about sociology, science, and politics. For example, 'Forskarna har presenterat en ny hypotes som utmanar den rådande teorin.' You should also be familiar with the adjective 'hypotetisk' (hypothetical). Being able to discuss 'hypotetiska scenarier' is a key skill at this level. You should also pay attention to the stress on the last syllable: hypo-TES.

At the C1 level, you should use 'hypotes' fluently and understand its nuances in philosophical and highly technical discussions. You should be familiar with more specialized terms like 'nollhypotes' (null hypothesis) and 'arbetshypotes' (working hypothesis). You should be able to critique a hypothesis in a formal essay, using phrases like 'denna hypotes vilar på bräcklig grund' (this hypothesis rests on shaky ground). You will hear this word in university lectures and high-level debates. You should also understand how 'hypotes' interacts with Swedish 'saklighet' (objectivity). In Swedish culture, presenting a well-reasoned 'hypotes' is often preferred over making bold, unproven claims. You should also be able to use the word in more abstract ways, such as discussing the 'hypotetisk-deduktiva metoden' in a research context. Your pronunciation should be perfect, with the correct front-rounded 'y' sound.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'hypotes' and can use it in any context, from advanced scientific research to complex literary analysis. You understand the epistemological implications of the word—how a hypothesis relates to truth, evidence, and the construction of knowledge. You can use it metaphorically or ironically in sophisticated conversation. You are aware of its historical development in the Swedish language and how it compares to similar concepts in other languages you might know. You can seamlessly integrate it into complex sentence structures, such as 'Givet den rådande bristen på empiri, framstår författarens hypotes som föga mer än en intellektuell provokation.' At this level, the word is just one tool in a very large and precise vocabulary that allows you to express the finest shades of meaning regarding human thought and scientific discovery.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

hypotes 30초 만에

A testable guess used as a starting point for investigation.
A formal word common in science, education, and professional settings.
Categorized as an 'en-word' (en hypotes) with the plural 'hypoteser'.
Often used with verbs like 'ställa upp', 'pröva', and 'förkasta'.

The Swedish word hypotes is a fundamental pillar of both scientific inquiry and everyday logical reasoning. At its core, it represents an educated guess or a proposed explanation that serves as a starting point for further investigation. While English speakers might use the word 'theory' loosely to mean a hunch, in Swedish, hypotes maintains a more precise role within the hierarchy of knowledge. It is something that has not yet been proven but is formulated in a way that allows it to be tested through observation or experimentation.

Scientific Context: In a laboratory setting, a researcher will 'ställa upp en hypotes' (formulate a hypothesis) before conducting an experiment. It is the 'if-then' statement of the Swedish intellectual world.

You will encounter this word most frequently in academic papers, news reports regarding new discoveries, and detective stories where a lead investigator might say, 'Min hypotes är att mördaren kände offret' (My hypothesis is that the killer knew the victim). It carries a weight of formality and structured thinking. Unlike a simple 'gissning' (guess), which can be random, a hypotes implies that there is some underlying logic or preliminary data supporting the claim.

Forskarna arbetar utifrån en hypotes om att viruset sprids via grundvattnet.

Everyday Logical Use: Even outside the lab, Swedes use 'hypotes' when they want to sound more analytical about a problem. If your car won't start, you might say, 'Min hypotes är att batteriet är dött.'

Historically, the term entered the Swedish language through Latin and Greek, mirroring its path into English. However, the Swedish usage often remains strictly tied to the 'testable' aspect. In a debate, someone might challenge you by asking, 'Hur ska du pröva den hypotesen?' (How are you going to test that hypothesis?). This reflects the Swedish cultural value of 'saklighet' (objectivity/matter-of-factness).

Det är bara en hypotes än så länge, vi behöver mer data.

The Plural Form: The plural is 'hypoteser'. It is common to discuss 'olika hypoteser' (different hypotheses) when a problem has multiple potential explanations.

Understanding the nuance between 'hypotes' and its synonyms is key for B2 learners. While an 'antagande' is an assumption you make to move forward, a 'hypotes' is the very thing you are looking to confirm or deny. It is the heart of the 'vetenskaplig metod' (scientific method) in Sweden.

Vi måste förkasta vår ursprungliga hypotes efter de nya resultaten.

Genom att ställa rätt frågor kan vi bygga en starkare hypotes.

Using hypotes correctly requires pairing it with specific verbs that describe the lifecycle of an idea. In Swedish, you don't just 'have' a hypothesis; you 'formulate', 'test', 'support', or 'reject' it. This section explores these essential collocations to make your Swedish sound more natural and academic.

Formulating the Idea: The most common verb is 'ställa upp' (to set up/formulate). Example: 'Vi ställde upp en hypotes om sambandet mellan sömn och prestation.'

When you are in the middle of an investigation, the word often appears in the definite singular form, hypotesen. For instance, 'Hypotesen visade sig vara felaktig' (The hypothesis turned out to be incorrect). Notice how the adjective 'felaktig' (incorrect) is often used instead of 'fel' (wrong) in these more formal contexts.

Kan du förklara den bakomliggande hypotesen för ditt experiment?

Testing and Verification: To test a hypothesis, use 'pröva' or 'testa'. To support it, use 'styrka' or 'bekräfta'. Example: 'Resultaten bekräftar vår hypotes.'

If the data doesn't match the idea, you 'förkastar' (reject) the hypothesis. This is a very strong, formal word. In a more casual setting, you might say 'skrota' (scrap), as in 'Vi fick skrota vår hypotes'.

In plural, hypoteser often appears with 'flera' (several) or 'olika' (different). 'Det finns flera konkurrerande hypoteser om varför vikingatiden tog slut.' This shows that the word is often used when there is uncertainty and multiple paths to explore.

Vi arbetar med två alternativa hypoteser i den här studien.

Academic Writing: In Swedish essays, you will often see the phrase 'I enlighet med hypotesen...' (In accordance with the hypothesis...). This is a standard way to link your results back to your initial guess.

You can also use 'hypotetisk' (hypothetical) as an adjective derived from the noun. 'Det är ett hypotetiskt scenario' (It is a hypothetical scenario). This is useful for discussing possibilities that haven't happened yet.

Låt oss anta, rent hypotetiskt, att vi vinner på lotto.

Tyvärr gav experimentet inget stöd för vår hypotes.

While hypotes might sound like a word reserved for people in white lab coats, its presence in Swedish society is much broader. Understanding where you will hear it helps you grasp its social register—usually professional, intellectual, or educational.

In the Swedish Education System: From 'högstadiet' (middle school) onwards, Swedish students are taught the 'naturvetenskapliga arbetsmetoden' (scientific method). You will hear teachers say, 'Börja med att skriva ner din hypotes.' It is a standard part of every lab report.

In the news, specifically on programs like 'Vetenskapens värld' (The World of Science) on SVT, journalists often use hypotes to discuss ongoing research. If there is a new theory about why the Swedish economy is behaving a certain way, an economist on 'Aktuellt' might say, 'En tänkbar hypotes är att konsumtionen minskar på grund av ränteläget.'

I kvällens program prövar vi en ny hypotes om gåtan vid Vasaskeppet.

In Crime and Investigation: Swedish 'deckare' (crime novels and shows like Beck or Bron) are full of this word. Police officers discuss their 'huvudhypotes' (main hypothesis) regarding a crime scene. It sounds more professional than saying 'gissning'.

In the corporate world, specifically in tech and startups in Stockholm, you'll hear it during 'A/B testing' or product development. A product manager might say, 'Vår hypotes är att den här knappen kommer öka konverteringen.' This usage aligns with the lean startup methodology popular in Sweden.

You will also find it in historical documentaries. When historians discuss the origins of the Vikings or the Black Death in Sweden, they often present 'olika hypoteser' to show that history is an ongoing interpretation of evidence, not just a list of facts.

Polisens hypotes stärktes efter att de hittat det nya vittnet.

Legal Settings: In a courtroom, an 'alternativ hypotes' is often presented by the defense to create reasonable doubt. If the prosecution's story is the only one, the defense must provide a different 'hypotes' for what happened.

Finally, in philosophy and logic, which are subjects many Swedes study at university, the word is used to build complex arguments. It is the 'om' (if) in 'om P, så Q'.

Detta är en intressant hypotes, men den saknar empiriskt stöd.

Vi utgår från en hypotes om att marknaden kommer att vända snart.

Even for advanced learners, hypotes can be tricky because of its similarity to other words and its specific grammatical behavior. Avoiding these common pitfalls will help you sound more like a native Swedish speaker.

Confusing 'Hypotes' with 'Teori': In English, people often say 'I have a theory' when they really mean a hypothesis. In Swedish, 'teori' is usually reserved for something more established (like 'relativitetsteorin'). Using 'hypotes' for an unproven idea is more accurate and expected in professional settings.

A very common grammatical error is using the wrong gender. Since 'hypotes' ends in 's', some learners mistake it for a neuter (ett) word. It is firmly an en-word. Saying 'ett hypotes' is a clear marker of a non-native speaker. Always remember: en hypotes, den hypotesen.

Fel: Ett intressant hypotes. Rätt: En intressant hypotes.

Pluralization Errors: The plural is 'hypoteser', not 'hypotesar' or 'hypoteserna' (unless you mean 'the hypotheses'). Because it follows the second declension pattern for words ending in -es, the -er ending is crucial.

Another mistake is using the wrong preposition. While you might say 'hypothesis *for*' in some English contexts, in Swedish, the standard is 'hypotes om' (hypothesis about). Using 'för' or 'på' can sound awkward, though 'för' is sometimes used when the hypothesis is a solution to a specific problem.

Learners often struggle with the verb 'to hypothesize'. In Swedish, there isn't a single common verb like 'hypotisera' that is used in everyday speech. Instead, you must use a phrase like 'ställa upp en hypotes' or 'formulera en hypotes'. Using a made-up verb like 'hypotesera' will sound very strange.

Vi kan ställa upp en hypotes om framtiden, men vi kan inte veta säkert.

Confusing 'Hypotes' and 'Tes': A 'tes' (thesis) is a claim you are arguing *for*. A 'hypotes' is something you are *testing*. If you are writing an argumentative essay, you have a 'tes'. If you are doing an experiment, you have a 'hypotes'.

Finally, watch out for the stress. In English, 'hypothesis' has stress on the second syllable. In Swedish, 'hypotes' has stress on the last syllable. If you put the stress at the beginning, Swedes might take a moment to understand which word you are saying.

Denna hypotes (stress on -tes) är central för vår forskning.

Många blandar ihop hypoteser med rena gissningar.

To truly master Swedish, you need to know which word to pick from a group of similar terms. Hypotes sits in a cluster of words related to thinking, guessing, and proving. Here is how it compares to its closest neighbors.

Hypotes vs. Antagande: An 'antagande' (assumption) is something you take for granted to move forward with an argument. A 'hypotes' is the specific focus of your investigation. You might say, 'Under antagandet att det regnar, ställer jag upp hypotesen att marken blir blöt.'

Then there is gissning (guess). This is the most informal word. You use 'gissning' when you have very little evidence. 'Det är bara en vild gissning' (It's just a wild guess). 'Hypotes' is for when you've actually thought about it and have some basis for your claim.

Vi kan inte bara gå på en gissning, vi behöver en vetenskaplig hypotes.

Hypotes vs. Teori: A 'teori' (theory) is a broad framework that has usually been tested many times. A 'hypotes' is a specific, narrow prediction. In Swedish science, many hypoteser can fall under one single teori.

Another useful word is förmodan (presumption/conjecture). This is a bit more formal than 'gissning' but less formal than 'hypotes'. It is often used in literature or high-level journalism: 'Det finns en allmän förmodan om att regeringen kommer att avgå.'

In mathematical or logical contexts, you might see postulat (postulate) or premiss (premise). A 'premiss' is the starting point of a logical syllogism. 'Om premisserna är sanna, måste slutsatsen vara sann.' A 'hypotes' is more about the external world than internal logic.

Hela hans argument vilar på en svag premiss.

Spekulation: 'Spekulation' (speculation) is often used in finance or when there is absolutely no evidence yet. It has a slightly negative connotation in scientific circles, whereas 'hypotes' is always respected as part of the process.

When you want to emphasize that something is just a working idea, you can use the compound word arbetshypotes (working hypothesis). This is very common in projects and business planning to show that the idea might change as more information comes in.

Låt oss använda detta som en arbetshypotes tills vidare.

Det finns ingen anledning att tro på den där spekulationen.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The 'hypo-' part means 'under' and '-thesis' means 'to place'. So a hypothesis is literally a 'placing under'—a foundation for an argument.

발음 가이드

UK /hʏpʊˈteːs/

US /hɪpoʊˈteɪs/

Last syllable (hypo-TES).

라임이 맞는 단어

tes parentes syntes protes exeres diates asces genes

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'h' as silent.
Stressing the second syllable like in English.
Pronouncing 'y' like 'i'.
Making the 'e' too short.
Adding an 's' at the end of the plural form (hypotesers instead of hypoteser).

난이도

독해 4/5

Common in newspapers and academic texts.

쓰기 6/5

Requires knowledge of specific verbs and prepositions.

말하기 5/5

Stress on the last syllable can be tricky.

듣기 4/5

Clear pronunciation usually makes it easy to hear.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

gissning tro tänka veta fråga

다음에 배울 것

teori analys slutsats bevis metod

고급

falsifierbarhet empirism paradigm axiom korrelation

알아야 할 문법

En-words (Common Gender)

En hypotes, den hypotesen.

Second Declension Plurals (-er)

Hypotes -> hypoteser.

Stress on Greek/Latin Suffixes

Words ending in -es (like hypotes, parentes) often have stress on the last syllable.

V2 Word Order in Main Clauses

Nu prövar vi hypotesen. (Verb in second position).

Compound Noun Formation

Arbetshypotes (Arbete + s + hypotes).

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수준별 예문

Min hypotes är att det regnar i morgon.

My hypothesis is that it will rain tomorrow.

Simple use of 'en hypotes' as a guess.

Vad är din hypotes?

What is your hypothesis?

Asking a question with a possessive pronoun.

Det är en bra hypotes.

That is a good hypothesis.

Using an adjective with 'en hypotes'.

Jag har en hypotes om boken.

I have a hypothesis about the book.

Using the preposition 'om'.

Är detta en hypotes?

Is this a hypothesis?

Basic question structure.

Vi skriver en hypotes i skolan.

We are writing a hypothesis at school.

Present tense verb 'skriver'.

Hypotesen är enkel.

The hypothesis is simple.

Definite singular form 'hypotesen'.

En hypotes är inte fakta.

A hypothesis is not fact.

Negative sentence with 'inte'.

Forskaren har en ny hypotes.

The researcher has a new hypothesis.

Using 'en ny' with a common gender noun.

Vi testar vår hypotes nu.

We are testing our hypothesis now.

Using the verb 'testar'.

Det finns många olika hypoteser.

There are many different hypotheses.

Plural form 'hypoteser'.

Kan du pröva din hypotes?

Can you test your hypothesis?

Using the modal verb 'kan'.

Hypotesen stämde inte med verkligheten.

The hypothesis did not match reality.

Past tense 'stämde'.

De diskuterar en intressant hypotes.

They are discussing an interesting hypothesis.

Present tense 'diskuterar'.

Min hypotes är att han är arg.

My hypothesis is that he is angry.

Using a subclause starting with 'att'.

Skriv ner din hypotes i rapporten.

Write down your hypothesis in the report.

Imperative form 'skriv'.

Vi måste ställa upp en hypotes innan vi börjar.

We must formulate a hypothesis before we begin.

Common phrase 'ställa upp en hypotes'.

Resultatet gav stöd åt min hypotes.

The result supported my hypothesis.

Phrase 'ge stöd åt'.

Det är bara en arbetshypotes än så länge.

It is just a working hypothesis for now.

Compound noun 'arbetshypotes'.

Hypotesen om klimatförändringar är viktig.

The hypothesis about climate change is important.

Noun + prepositional phrase.

Forskarna förkastade den gamla hypotesen.

The researchers rejected the old hypothesis.

Verb 'förkasta' (reject).

Vi behöver mer data för att bekräfta hypotesen.

We need more data to confirm the hypothesis.

Infinitive phrase with 'för att'.

Vilken hypotes arbetar ni utifrån?

Which hypothesis are you working from?

Preposition 'utifrån' at the end of the sentence.

Det finns inga bevis för den hypotesen.

There is no evidence for that hypothesis.

Using 'inga bevis för'.

Studien syftar till att pröva en specifik hypotes.

The study aims to test a specific hypothesis.

Formal verb 'syftar till'.

Enligt den rådande hypotesen bildades månen genom en kollision.

According to the prevailing hypothesis, the moon was formed by a collision.

Preposition 'enligt' (according to).

Vi måste vara beredda att ändra vår hypotes.

We must be prepared to change our hypothesis.

Adjective 'beredd' (prepared).

Detta är en rent hypotetisk fråga.

This is a purely hypothetical question.

Adjective 'hypotetisk'.

Hypotesen formulerades efter noggranna observationer.

The hypothesis was formulated after careful observations.

Passive voice 'formulerades'.

Det finns en tydlig koppling mellan hypotesen och teorin.

There is a clear link between the hypothesis and the theory.

Noun 'koppling' (link).

Vi kan inte utesluta den här hypotesen ännu.

We cannot rule out this hypothesis yet.

Verb 'utesluta' (rule out).

Denna hypotes har diskuterats flitigt i media.

This hypothesis has been discussed extensively in the media.

Present perfect passive.

Empiriska data gav inte stöd åt den ursprungliga hypotesen.

Empirical data did not support the original hypothesis.

Formal term 'empiriska data'.

Nollhypotesen kunde inte förkastas i detta fall.

The null hypothesis could not be rejected in this case.

Technical term 'nollhypotesen'.

Författaren presenterar en djärv hypotes om språkets ursprung.

The author presents a bold hypothesis about the origin of language.

Adjective 'djärv' (bold).

Vi utgår från hypotesen att marknaden är effektiv.

We assume the hypothesis that the market is efficient.

Verb 'utgå från' (assume/start from).

Hypotesen prövades genom en serie kontrollerade experiment.

The hypothesis was tested through a series of controlled experiments.

Preposition 'genom' (through).

Denna hypotes är oförenlig med kända naturlagar.

This hypothesis is incompatible with known laws of nature.

Adjective 'oförenlig' (incompatible).

En alternativ hypotes har vunnit mark på senare tid.

An alternative hypothesis has gained ground recently.

Idiom 'vinna mark' (gain ground).

Det krävs mer omfattande studier för att verifiera hypotesen.

More extensive studies are required to verify the hypothesis.

Passive construction 'det krävs'.

Hypotesens giltighet ifrågasattes av ledande experter inom fältet.

The validity of the hypothesis was questioned by leading experts in the field.

Genitive form 'hypotesens'.

Man kan betrakta detta som en rent heuristisk hypotes.

One can view this as a purely heuristic hypothesis.

Technical adjective 'heuristisk'.

Att ställa upp en falsifierbar hypotes är grundläggande för vetenskapen.

Formulating a falsifiable hypothesis is fundamental to science.

Adjective 'falsifierbar'.

Hypotesen vilar på ett antal tveksamma antaganden.

The hypothesis rests on a number of doubtful assumptions.

Verb 'vila på' (rest on).

Denna hypotes utgör fundamentet för hela hans avhandling.

This hypothesis constitutes the foundation of his entire thesis.

Verb 'utgöra' (constitute).

Genom att deducera konsekvenserna av hypotesen kunde vi testa den.

By deducing the consequences of the hypothesis, we could test it.

Gerund-like structure with 'genom att'.

Det finns en inneboende motsägelse i den föreslagna hypotesen.

There is an inherent contradiction in the proposed hypothesis.

Adjective 'inneboende' (inherent).

Hypotesen har genomgått en rigorös granskning.

The hypothesis has undergone a rigorous review.

Verb 'genomgå' (undergo).

자주 쓰는 조합

ställa upp en hypotes

pröva en hypotes

bekräfta en hypotes

förkasta en hypotes

arbetshypotes

nollhypotes

alternativ hypotes

stärka en hypotes

formulera en hypotes

vetenskaplig hypotes

자주 쓰는 구문

utgå från en hypotes

— To use a hypothesis as a starting point.

Vi utgår från en hypotes om att priset kommer stiga.

hypotesen håller

— The hypothesis is correct or stands up to testing.

Det verkar som att vår hypotes håller.

hypotesen faller

— The hypothesis is proven wrong.

Om detta inte stämmer, så faller hela vår hypotes.

en djärv hypotes

— A bold or daring hypothesis.

Han presenterade en djärv hypotes som chockade alla.

en grundlös hypotes

— A hypothesis without any foundation or evidence.

Det är en helt grundlös hypotes utan bevis.

testa sin hypotes

— To test one's hypothesis.

Forskaren ville testa sin hypotes i labbet.

bygga en hypotes

— To construct or build a hypothesis.

Vi bygger vår hypotes på tidigare studier.

en rimlig hypotes

— A reasonable or plausible hypothesis.

Det låter som en mycket rimlig hypotes.

en tänkbar hypotes

— A conceivable or possible hypothesis.

En tänkbar hypotes är att strömmen gick.

motbevisa en hypotes

— To disprove a hypothesis.

De försökte motbevisa min hypotes med statistik.

자주 혼동되는 단어

hypotes vs tes

A 'tes' is a claim you want to prove; a 'hypotes' is an explanation you want to test.

hypotes vs teori

A 'teori' is a well-established framework; a 'hypotes' is a preliminary guess.

hypotes vs prognos

A 'prognos' is a prediction about the future (like weather); a 'hypotes' is an explanation for why something happens.

관용어 및 표현

"ställa upp en hypotes"

— Not strictly an idiom, but the standard way to say 'to hypothesize'.

Vi måste ställa upp en hypotes först.

neutral

"hypotesen håller inte för en granskning"

— The idea doesn't stand up to closer inspection.

Vid närmare titt håller inte hypotesen för en granskning.

formal

"arbeta utifrån en hypotes"

— To let an idea guide one's actions or research.

Vi arbetar utifrån hypotesen att kunden har rätt.

professional

"en hypotes tagen ur luften"

— A hypothesis made without any evidence at all (plucked out of thin air).

Den där hypotesen är helt tagen ur luften.

informal

"ge kött på benen åt en hypotes"

— To provide more evidence or detail to an idea.

De nya siffrorna gav kött på benen åt vår hypotes.

neutral

"hypotesen sprack"

— The hypothesis was proven wrong (burst like a bubble).

När vi såg resultatet sprack vår hypotes direkt.

informal

"en hypotes med modifikation"

— An idea that is only partly true or needs adjustment.

Det är en bra hypotes, men med modifikation.

neutral

"ligga till grund för en hypotes"

— To be the basis of a hypothesis.

Observationerna låg till grund för hans hypotes.

formal

"en hypotes i vardande"

— A hypothesis that is currently being formed.

Vi har en ny hypotes i vardande.

formal

"vända och vrida på en hypotes"

— To examine a hypothesis from every angle.

Vi har vänt och vridit på den här hypotesen i veckor.

neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

hypotes vs syntes

Sounds similar and also ends in -es.

A 'syntes' is a combination of different parts; a 'hypotes' is a single proposed explanation.

Vi gjorde en syntes av alla våra resultat.

hypotes vs parentes

Rhymes with hypotes.

A 'parentes' is a bracket or a side note; a 'hypotes' is a central scientific idea.

Skriv namnet inom parentes.

hypotes vs protes

Rhymes and looks similar.

A 'protes' is an artificial body part (prosthesis); a 'hypotes' is a thought.

Han har en protes på benet.

hypotes vs exeres

Ends in -es.

An 'exeres' is a surgical removal; a 'hypotes' is a mental construct.

Läkaren utförde en exeres.

hypotes vs asces

Ends in -es.

An 'asces' is a lifestyle of self-denial (asceticism); a 'hypotes' is a scientific term.

Munken levde i asces.

문장 패턴

Min hypotes är [subclause].

Min hypotes är att det är soligt.

Vi har en hypotes om [noun].

Vi har en hypotes om vädret.

Låt oss ställa upp en hypotes.

Låt oss ställa upp en hypotes för testet.

Hypotesen prövades genom [noun].

Hypotesen prövades genom intervjuer.

Det saknas stöd för hypotesen att [subclause].

Det saknas stöd för hypotesen att skatten sänks.

Ifrågasättandet av hypotesens [noun] ledde till...

Ifrågasättandet av hypotesens validitet ledde till debatt.

Enligt hypotesen ska [verb]...

Enligt hypotesen ska temperaturen öka.

Vi kan inte utesluta hypotesen om...

Vi kan inte utesluta hypotesen om fusk.

어휘 가족

명사

hypotes

hypotetiker

arbetshypotes

nollhypotes

동사

hypotisera (rare, use 'ställa upp en hypotes')

형용사

hypotetisk

사용법

frequency

Common in education and professional environments.

자주 하는 실수

Ett hypotes → En hypotes
Hypotes is a common gender (en-word), not a neuter (ett-word).
Hypotesen är fel → Hypotesen är felaktig
While 'fel' is okay, 'felaktig' is more appropriate for the formal register of 'hypotes'.
Göra en hypotes → Ställa upp en hypotes
Swedish uses the phrasal verb 'ställa upp' for formulating a hypothesis.
Hypoteserar → Ställer upp en hypotes
There is no commonly used verb form of 'hypotes' in Swedish; use a phrase instead.
Hypotesen på... → Hypotesen om...
The standard preposition to describe the topic of a hypothesis is 'om'.

팁

Remember the plural

The plural form 'hypoteser' is very common. Practice saying 'många hypoteser' to get used to the -er ending.

Stress the end

Always put the stress on the last part: hypo-TES. This is the most common mistake for English speakers.

Scientific context

Use 'hypotes' when you want to sound professional or when you are talking about something you intend to check or test.

Pair with 'om'

Link your hypothesis to its subject using 'om'. For example: 'En hypotes om framtiden'.

Formal verbs

Use 'förkasta' (reject) or 'bekräfta' (confirm) in your writing to sound more academic when discussing hypotheses.

The 'Y' sound

The Swedish 'y' is like the 'u' in French 'tu'. Purse your lips and try to say 'eee'. That's the sound in 'hypotes'.

Not a fact

Always remember that a 'hypotes' is unproven. If you are sure, use 'fakta' or 'bevis'.

Arbetshypotes

Use 'arbetshypotes' in business meetings to show you are open to changing your mind based on new data.

News keywords

When you hear 'hypotes' in the news, listen for the result: 'stärks' (is strengthened) or 'faller' (fails).

Avoid 'gissning'

In a university setting, never use 'gissning'. Always use 'hypotes' or 'antagande' to maintain a high level of academic style.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'hypo' (hippo) on a 'tes' (desk). The hippo is making a guess about why the desk is squeaking. Hippo-desk = Hypotes.

시각적 연상

Imagine a scientist pointing at a question mark on a blackboard. The question mark is the 'hypotes'.

Word Web

Forskning Vetenskap Gissning Test Bevis Teori Logik Fråga

챌린지

Try to write three sentences about a mystery in your house using the word 'hypotes' in each one.

어원

The word comes from the Greek 'hypothesis', which means 'foundation' or 'supposition'. It entered Swedish through Latin and French in the 17th century.

원래 의미: A placing under, a foundation.

Indo-European (via Greek/Latin).

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, as it is a neutral scientific term.

English speakers often use 'theory' when they mean 'hypothesis'. In Swedish, this distinction is more strictly maintained in formal settings.

The 'Big Bang-hypotesen' (often called theory, but started as a hypothesis). Sherlock Holmes' deductive methods. Swedish Nobel Prize winners often discuss their initial 'hypoteser'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Science Lab

Ställ upp en hypotes.
Testa hypotesen.
Data stämmer med hypotesen.
Förkasta nollhypotesen.

University Essay

Uppsatsens hypotes är...
I enlighet med hypotesen...
Hypotesen bekräftades inte.
Syftet är att pröva...

Business Meeting

Vår arbetshypotes är...
Vi testar den här hypotesen.
Har vi stöd för hypotesen?
Vi behöver en ny hypotes.

News/Journalism

Enligt en ny hypotes...
Experterna diskuterar hypotesen.
Hypotesen får kritik.
Styrka en hypotes.

Police Investigation

Polisens huvudhypotes...
Alternativa hypoteser...
Hypotesen stärks av vittnet.
Vi arbetar efter en hypotes.

대화 시작하기

"Har du någon hypotes om varför det här hände?"

"Vilken är din arbetshypotes för det här projektet?"

"Tror du att forskarnas hypotes om rymden stämmer?"

"Hur skulle vi kunna pröva den här hypotesen?"

"Har du hört den senaste hypotesen om pyramiderna?"

일기 주제

Skriv om en gång när du hade en hypotes som visade sig vara helt fel.

Formulera en hypotes om hur världen ser ut om femtio år.

Beskriv ett litet vardagsmysterium och ställ upp tre olika hypoteser.

Varför är det viktigt att ha en hypotes innan man gör ett experiment?

Diskutera skillnaden mellan en hypotes och en gissning i ditt liv.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Det är ett en-ord. Vi säger 'en hypotes' och 'hypotesen'. Det är ett vanligt misstag att tro att det är ett ett-ord eftersom det slutar på 's', men det följer mönstret för många ord med grekiskt ursprung.

En gissning kan vara helt slumpmässig, medan en hypotes är baserad på någon form av kunskap eller observation. En hypotes är också formulerad så att den kan testas vetenskapligt, vilket en vanlig gissning sällan är.

Det finns inget enkelt verb som används ofta. Istället använder man fraser som 'ställa upp en hypotes' eller 'formulera en hypotes'. Ordet 'hypotisera' existerar men är mycket ovanligt.

Inom statistik är nollhypotesen ett antagande om att det inte finns något samband mellan två saker. Man försöker oftast motbevisa nollhypotesen för att visa att ens egen hypotes stämmer.

Ja, om en hypotes testas många gånger av många olika forskare och alltid visar sig stämma, kan den till slut bli en del av en vetenskaplig teori.

Det uttalas med betoning på den sista stavelsen: hy-po-TES. Det är viktigt att inte betona början av ordet som man gör i engelskan.

Använd oftast 'om'. Till exempel: 'Min hypotes om vädret'. Man kan också använda 'att' för att starta en bisats: 'Hypotesen att jorden är platt'.

En arbetshypotes är en tillfällig hypotes som man använder för att komma vidare i ett projekt, även om man inte är helt säker på att den stämmer ännu.

Ja, det är mycket vanligt i skolan, på universitetet och i nyhetsrapportering om vetenskap och medicin. Det är ett ord som alla vuxna svenskar förstår.

Ja, man kan ha en hypotes om varför någon beter sig på ett visst sätt. 'Min hypotes är att han är trött'. Det låter lite mer formellt och analytiskt än att bara säga 'Jag tror'.

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