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B1 noun 9분 분량

脚注

jiǎo zhù
예시 노트와 팁 脚注 30초 만에
설명 脚注 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word '脚注' (jiǎozhù) very often. It is a specific word for books and formal papers. However, you can understand it by looking at its parts. '脚' (jiǎo) means 'foot.' You already know this word for your body. '注' (zhù) means 'to write a note.' So, '脚注' is a 'foot-note.' Think of it as a small message at the bottom (the foot) of a page. In a simple Chinese class, you might see a small number like ① next to a hard word, and the explanation is at the bottom. That is a 脚注. You don't need to write them yet, but if you see a book, look at the bottom of the page. If there is text there, it is probably a 脚注. Just remember: 'Foot' + 'Note' = 'Footnote.'
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At the A2 level, you are starting to read longer texts. You might notice that some Chinese books have explanations for difficult words or names at the bottom of the page. These are called '脚注' (jiǎozhù). You can use this word when you want to ask about a specific part of a text. For example, '这个脚注是什么意思？' (What does this footnote mean?). You should know that '脚注' is a noun. You use it to talk about the physical note on the page. It is different from '注意' (zhùyì), which means 'to pay attention.' Even though they both have '注,' they are used differently. If you are learning to use a computer in Chinese, you might see '脚注' in the menu of a writing program. It is a good word to know if you are interested in reading Chinese stories or simple news articles.
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At the B1 level, '脚注' (jiǎozhù) becomes a very useful word, especially if you are a student or a professional. You are expected to know how to use it in the context of writing and reading formal documents. At this level, you should be able to distinguish between '脚注' (footnote) and '尾注' (wěizhù - endnote). You will use verbs like '添加' (tiānjiā - add) or '查看' (chákàn - check) with this word. For example, '我需要在论文中添加几个脚注' (I need to add a few footnotes to my paper). You should also be aware of the cultural context: Chinese academic writing follows strict rules for 脚注. Learning this word helps you sound more professional when discussing your work or research with Chinese speakers. It is a 'bridge' word that moves you from basic daily Chinese to academic and professional Chinese.
At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '脚注' (jiǎozhù) in both literal and slightly metaphorical contexts. You understand that '脚注' is essential for academic integrity (学术诚信). You might discuss the formatting of footnotes, such as '脚注의 格式' (the format of footnotes) or '脚注的编号' (the numbering of footnotes). You can also use the word to describe how information is organized in a complex text. Furthermore, you might encounter the word in literary criticism or history, where a person or event is described as a '脚注' to a larger historical movement. This implies they are secondary but still worth noting. At B2, you should also be able to explain the difference between '脚注' and '注释' (zhùshì) to others, noting that '注释' is a more general term for any annotation, while '脚注' is specific to the page layout.
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At the C1 level, your mastery of '脚注' (jiǎozhù) should include an understanding of its stylistic implications. You recognize that a text with many 脚注 is likely a scholarly or legal document, and you can adjust your reading strategy accordingly. You might use the word in high-level academic discussions, such as debating whether certain information belongs in the main text or in a 脚注. You are also familiar with the historical evolution of notes in Chinese literature, from '夹注' (interlinear notes) to modern '脚注.' You can use the word fluently in professional settings, such as publishing, where you might discuss '脚注的排版' (the typesetting of footnotes). Your use of the word is precise, and you never confuse it with '备注' or '说明' in a formal context. You might also use it in creative writing to add a layer of irony or meta-commentary.
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At the C2 level, '脚注' (jiǎozhù) is a word you use with complete native-like precision. You understand the nuances of various citation styles (like MLA, APA, or the Chinese GB/T 7714) and how they handle 脚注. You can discuss the philosophical implications of the footnote as a literary device—how it creates a 'sub-text' or a second voice within a work. You might use the term in complex metaphors about history, society, or personal identity, where certain experiences are relegated to the '脚注' of one's life. You are capable of editing professional Chinese manuscripts and ensuring that all 脚注 are not only correctly placed but also stylistically consistent with the rest of the work. For a C2 learner, '脚注' is not just a vocabulary item; it is a tool for sophisticated communication in the highest echelons of Chinese academic and literary life.
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예시 노트와 팁

脚注 30초 만에

  • 脚注 (jiǎozhù) means footnote. It is a noun used in formal writing to provide extra information at the bottom of a page.
  • It is essential for academic papers, legal documents, and books to cite sources and explain technical terms clearly.
  • Common verbs used with it include '添加' (add) and '查看' (check). It is different from '尾注' (endnote).
  • The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something minor or secondary in a larger historical or literary context.

The Chinese word 脚注 (jiǎozhù) is a precise noun that translates directly to 'footnote.' Linguistically, it is composed of two characters: 脚 (jiǎo), meaning 'foot' or 'bottom,' and 注 (zhù), meaning 'note,' 'annotation,' or 'commentary.' Just like its English counterpart, it refers to a piece of information or a citation placed at the bottom of a page in a book or document. This term is indispensable in academic, legal, and formal writing contexts in China, serving as the primary way to provide supplementary details without cluttering the main body of the text.

Academic Context
In university settings, students are taught the importance of 脚注 for citing sources. Using 脚注 correctly is seen as a sign of academic integrity and scholarly rigor. It is often contrasted with 尾注 (wěizhù), which refers to endnotes found at the end of a chapter or book.

Beyond the literal meaning in publishing, 脚注 can sometimes be used metaphorically in literature or high-level journalism to describe something that is a minor detail or a secondary event in a larger narrative. For example, one might say a historical figure became a 'footnote in history' (历史的脚注). However, its primary usage remains strictly technical and professional. When you are using word processing software like Microsoft Word or WPS Office in Chinese, you will find the option to 'Insert Footnote' labeled as 插入脚注.

如果你引用了别人的观点，必须在页面底部添加脚注。 (If you quote someone else's viewpoint, you must add a footnote at the bottom of the page.)

The concept of annotating texts has a long history in China, dating back to ancient commentaries on Confucian classics. While the modern term 脚注 is a relatively recent adoption to match Western layout standards, the practice of adding 'notes' (注) or 'commentaries' (疏) is deeply rooted in Chinese literary tradition. In modern digital communication, however, 脚注 is rarely used; people prefer hyperlinks or simple parentheses. Therefore, if you use this word, you are likely in a formal research, publishing, or legal environment. Understanding the difference between 脚注 and other types of notes like 备注 (bèizhù - general remarks) is crucial for B1 learners moving into professional Chinese.

Professional Usage
In legal documents, 脚注 provide critical definitions or clarify jurisdiction. Translators often use them to explain cultural nuances that cannot be directly translated in the main text.

这篇文章的脚注非常详尽，解释了很多专业术语。 (The footnotes of this article are very detailed, explaining many technical terms.)

Using 脚注 (jiǎozhù) in a sentence requires an understanding of common verb-noun pairings. Since it is a noun, it often follows verbs like 'add,' 'check,' 'read,' or 'contain.' The most common verb is 添加 (tiānjiā - to add) or 加入 (jiārù - to insert). For example, 'Please add a footnote here' would be '请在这里添加一个脚注.'

Syntactic Patterns
The word often appears in the structure [Noun/Document] + 的 + 脚注. For instance, '论文的脚注' (the paper's footnotes). It can also be the subject of a sentence, such as '脚注显示了作者的参考来源' (The footnote shows the author's reference sources).

Another important aspect is the quantifier. In Chinese, we usually use 个 (gè) as the general measure word for 脚注, or 条 (tiáo) when referring to an itemized list of notes. For example, '三条脚注' (three footnotes). If you are referring to the formatting of the footnote, you might use words like 格式 (géshì - format) or 字体 (zìtǐ - font).

请检查你的脚注格式是否符合要求。 (Please check if your footnote format meets the requirements.)

In more complex sentences, 脚注 can be modified by adjectives to describe its quality or function. Common modifiers include 详尽的 (xiángjìn de - detailed), 必要的 (bìyào de - necessary), or 冗长的 (rǒngcháng de - lengthy). For instance, '他写了大量的脚注来补充说明背景知识' (He wrote a large number of footnotes to supplement background knowledge). This shows the word's flexibility in describing scholarly work.

这些脚注为读者提供了深入研究的线索。 (These footnotes provide readers with clues for further research.)

Common Verb Pairings
- 引用脚注 (yǐnyòng - to cite a footnote) - 忽略脚注 (hūlüè - to ignore footnotes) - 整理脚注 (zhěnglǐ - to organize footnotes)

You are most likely to encounter the word 脚注 (jiǎozhù) in environments related to education, law, publishing, and software development. In a Chinese university, a professor might say, '别忘了给你的参考文献加上脚注' (Don't forget to add footnotes to your references). This is a standard part of academic life for students from undergraduate level upwards.

Software and Technology
When using office software in Chinese, the menu items for document formatting will always use 脚注. If you are troubleshooting a document layout, you might search for '脚注不显示' (footnotes not displaying) or '脚注编号错误' (footnote numbering error) on Chinese forums like Baidu Zhidao or Zhihu.

In the publishing industry, editors and proofreaders use 脚注 constantly. During a meeting, an editor might suggest, '这段话太专业了，我们加个脚注解释一下吧' (This passage is too technical; let's add a footnote to explain it). Similarly, in legal circles, lawyers discussing a contract might point to a specific 脚注 that clarifies a clause's limitations. In these contexts, the word is used with high frequency and precision.

在法律文书中，脚注往往包含非常关键的限制条款。 (In legal documents, footnotes often contain very crucial limiting clauses.)

Interestingly, you might also hear 脚注 in serious news broadcasts or historical documentaries. A narrator might describe a minor historical figure as '历史长河中的一个脚注' (a footnote in the long river of history). This metaphorical use implies that while the person or event was recorded, they were not a central part of the main story. This is a sophisticated way to use the word, moving from technical jargon to literary expression.

虽然他不是主角，但他是那个时代的生动脚注。 (Although he wasn't the protagonist, he was a vivid footnote to that era.)

Media and Journalism
In investigative journalism, footnotes are used to link to original data or leaked documents, providing a layer of transparency and credibility to the report.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 脚注 (jiǎozhù) is confusing it with other similar terms for 'notes' or 'comments.' The word 备注 (bèizhù) is often misused in place of 脚注. While 备注 refers to a 'remark' or 'note' usually found in a form, a memo, or at the end of a list, 脚注 is strictly for the bottom of a page in a formal document. If you add a small note to a spreadsheet, you use 备注, not 脚注.

Terminological Confusion
Another common confusion is with 注释 (zhùshì). 注释 is a broad term for any kind of annotation or explanation. While all 脚注 are a type of 注释, not all 注释 are 脚注. If you are talking about the general act of annotating a text, use 注释; if you are talking about the specific layout element at the page bottom, use 脚注.

A technical mistake involves the placement of the footnote number. In English, the footnote number usually comes after the punctuation. In Chinese academic writing, the standard is often the same, but learners sometimes place it before the punctuation or inside parentheses incorrectly. For example, writing '这句话。①' is standard, but '这句话①。' is often considered incorrect in specific style guides like the GB/T 7714 standard used in China.

错误：请在表格的脚注里写上你的名字。 (Wrong: Please write your name in the table's footnote—should be '备注'.)

Phonetic mistakes are also possible for beginners. The character 注 (zhù) is a fourth tone. Some learners might confuse it with 助 (zhù - help) or 住 (zhù - live). While they sound similar, '脚助' or '脚住' make no sense. Always associate 脚注 with 注册 (zhùcè - register) or 注意 (zhùyì - pay attention) to remember the correct 'zhù' character. Finally, don't forget that 脚注 is a noun; you cannot '脚注' a sentence (verbally), you must '添加脚注' (add a footnote).

纠正：我需要为这篇文章做一些注释，并把它们放进脚注。 (Correct: I need to make some annotations for this article and put them into footnotes.)

To master 脚注 (jiǎozhù), it is helpful to compare it with its 'siblings' in the family of annotations. The most direct relative is 尾注 (wěizhù). While 脚注 appears at the bottom of the current page (脚 = foot), 尾注 appears at the end of the entire document or chapter (尾 = tail). In long academic books, 尾注 are often preferred to keep the pages clean.

Comparison Table
  • 脚注 (jiǎozhù): Footnote (bottom of page).
  • 尾注 (wěizhù): Endnote (end of document).
  • 旁注 (pángzhù): Sidenote (margin of page).
  • 夹注 (jiāzhù): In-text note (inside parentheses or between lines).

Another word often used interchangeably by mistake is 注释 (zhùshì). This is the general term for 'commentary' or 'annotation.' If you are reading a classical Chinese poem, the explanations of difficult words are called 注释. They might be formatted as 脚注, but they are broadly referred to as 注释. If you are writing a software manual, you might use 说明 (shuōmíng), which means 'explanation' or 'instruction,' and is more functional than a mere footnote.

比起尾注，我更喜欢脚注，因为阅读起来更方便。 (I prefer footnotes over endnotes because they are more convenient to read.)

In informal settings, people might use 小贴士 (xiǎotiēshì - little tips) or 补充 (bǔchōng - supplement). For example, in a blog post, you wouldn't usually use a formal 脚注; instead, you might say '补充一下' (to add/supplement). Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the right level of formality. 脚注 is high-formality; 补充 is neutral; 小贴士 is casual and friendly. By knowing these alternatives, you can navigate different social and professional landscapes in China more effectively.

Summary of Alternatives
- **备注 (bèizhù)**: Remarks in a list/form. - **引文 (yǐnwén)**: Quotation/Citation. - **索引 (suǒyǐn)**: Index.

재미있는 사실

In ancient China, scholars didn't use footnotes. They wrote their notes in tiny characters between the main lines of text, a practice called 'interlinear commentary.' The modern 脚注 layout was adopted from Western printing styles in the late 19th century.

발음 가이드

UK /dʒjaʊ tʂu/
US /dʒjaʊ tʂu/
The emphasis is usually placed on the second syllable 'zhù' as it carries the falling tone.
라임이 맞는 단어
跑 (pǎo) 宝 (bǎo) 草 (cǎo) 路 (lù) 度 (dù) 步 (bù) 处 (chù) 入 (rù)
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 'zhù' with a first tone (high flat) instead of a fourth tone (falling).
  • Confusing 'jiǎo' (3rd tone) with 'jiào' (4th tone), which would change the meaning.
  • Failing to curl the tongue for the 'zh' sound, making it sound like 'z'.
  • Merging the two syllables into one blurred sound.
  • Incorrectly stressing the 'jiǎo' instead of the 'zhù'.
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수준별 예문

1

书里有脚注。

There are footnotes in the book.

Simple subject + verb + object.

2

我看脚注。

I look at the footnote.

Subject + verb + object.

3

脚注在下面。

The footnote is at the bottom.

Subject + location phrase.

4

这是一个脚注。

This is a footnote.

Pronoun + verb 'to be' + noun.

5

脚注很重要。

Footnotes are important.

Noun + adjective (statival verb).

6

我不喜欢脚注。

I don't like footnotes.

Negative sentence structure.

7

这是第一条脚注。

This is the first footnote.

Use of measure word '条'.

8

脚注在哪儿？

Where is the footnote?

Question with '哪儿'.

1

请读一下这个脚注。

Please read this footnote.

Imperative with '请' and '一下'.

2

脚注解释了这个词。

The footnote explains this word.

Subject + verb + object.

3

这个脚注非常长。

This footnote is very long.

Use of '非常' as an intensifier.

4

他在写脚注。

He is writing a footnote.

Present continuous with '在'.

5

脚注里有日期。

There is a date in the footnote.

Location '里' indicating 'inside'.

6

我没看见那个脚注。

I didn't see that footnote.

Negative past tense with '没'.

7

脚注用小字写。

Footnotes are written in small characters.

Adverbial phrase '用小字'.

8

你可以加一个脚注吗？

Can you add a footnote?

Question with '可以...吗'.

1

你应该在论文里添加脚注。

You should add footnotes in your paper.

Modal verb '应该' for advice.

2

脚注和尾注是不一样的。

Footnotes and endnotes are different.

Structure 'A 和 B 是不一样的'.

3

我正在检查脚注的格式。

I am checking the format of the footnotes.

Progressive aspect with '正在'.

4

这篇报告只有两条脚注。

This report has only two footnotes.

Adverb '只有' meaning 'only'.

5

脚注提供了更多的信息。

Footnotes provide more information.

Verb '提供' (provide) + object.

6

请把脚注移到下一页。

Please move the footnote to the next page.

Ba-sentence structure '把...移到'.

7

脚注的字体太小了。

The font of the footnote is too small.

Structure '...太...了'.

8

脚注里引用了那本书。

The book was cited in the footnote.

Passive meaning implied by context.

1

为了保证学术严谨，每个引用都要有脚注。

To ensure academic rigor, every citation must have a footnote.

Purpose clause with '为了'.

2

脚注中详细说明了实验的过程。

The experimental process was explained in detail in the footnotes.

Detailed explanation with '详细说明'.

3

作者在脚注中对这个观点进行了反驳。

The author refuted this viewpoint in the footnotes.

Structure '对...进行...'.

4

如果你不看脚注，就无法理解背景。

If you don't read the footnotes, you won't be able to understand the background.

Conditional structure '如果...就...'.

5

脚注的编号应该从每一页开始重排。

Footnote numbering should restart on each page.

Verb '重排' (rearrange/restart).

6

他在脚注里加入了很多个人见解。

He added many personal insights in the footnotes.

Noun '见解' (insight/viewpoint).

7

脚注不应该占据太大的篇幅。

Footnotes should not take up too much space.

Noun '篇幅' (length/space in a document).

8

这些脚注揭示了隐藏的真相。

These footnotes reveal the hidden truth.

Verb '揭示' (reveal).

1

脚注在这里充当了某种元叙事的角色。

The footnotes here play a kind of meta-narrative role.

Structure '充当...的角色'.

2

该书的脚注内容甚至比正文还要丰富。

The content of the book's footnotes is even richer than the main text.

Comparison with '比...还要...'.

3

脚注的繁琐程度反映了作者的博学。

The complexity of the footnotes reflects the author's erudition.

Noun '繁琐程度' (degree of complexity).

4

在翻译过程中，脚注是不可或缺的辅助工具。

In the process of translation, footnotes are an indispensable auxiliary tool.

Adjective '不可或缺' (indispensable).

5

脚注不仅是补充，更是一种学术态度。

Footnotes are not just supplements, but also an academic attitude.

Correlative '不仅...更...'.

6

他在历史的宏大叙事中，仅仅是一个脚注。

In the grand narrative of history, he is merely a footnote.

Metaphorical usage.

7

脚注中的微言大义往往被普通读者忽略。

The profound meaning in small words within the footnotes is often ignored by ordinary readers.

Idiom '微言大义' (profound meaning in simple words).

8

脚注的排版需要极高的精确度。

The typesetting of footnotes requires extremely high precision.

Noun '精确度' (precision).

1

脚注的运用巧妙地瓦解了文本的权威性。

The use of footnotes cleverly subverts the authority of the text.

Verb '瓦解' (disintegrate/subvert).

2

通过详尽的脚注，作者构建了一个平行的知识体系。

Through detailed footnotes, the author constructs a parallel system of knowledge.

Prepositional phrase '通过...'.

3

脚注在这里不仅是引用，更是一种互文性的实践。

Footnotes here are not just citations, but a practice of intertextuality.

Term '互文性' (intertextuality).

4

这种脚注泛滥的现象被某些评论家视为学术官僚化。

The phenomenon of excessive footnotes is viewed by some critics as academic bureaucratization.

Passive structure '被...视为...'.

5

脚注的细微差别可能导致法律解释的巨大分歧。

Subtle differences in footnotes can lead to massive divergences in legal interpretation.

Noun '分歧' (divergence/disagreement).

6

他在脚注中隐藏了对当代政治的尖锐讽刺。

He hid sharp satires of contemporary politics in the footnotes.

Noun '讽刺' (satire/irony).

7

脚注的历史演变体现了人类对知识严谨性的追求。

The historical evolution of footnotes embodies humanity's pursuit of intellectual rigor.

Verb '体现' (embody/reflect).

8

脚注与正文之间的张力构成了这部作品独特的魅力。

The tension between the footnotes and the main text constitutes the unique charm of this work.

Noun '张力' (tension).

자주 쓰는 조합

添加脚注
插入脚注
脚注格式
脚注编号
详尽的脚注
脚注引用
删除脚注
查看脚注
脚注内容
脚注符号

자주 쓰는 구문

历史的脚注

— A minor event or person in history that is not central to the main narrative.

他只是那个伟大时代的脚注。

作为脚注

— To serve as a supplementary or secondary piece of information.

这个故事可以作为这段历史的脚注。

脚注说明

— A note or explanation provided in the form of a footnote.

请参考页面的脚注说明。

脚注列表

— A list of all footnotes in a document.

系统会自动生成脚注列表。

脚注位置

— The specific place on a page where a footnote is located.

脚注位置通常在页码上方。

脚注样式

— The visual style (font, size) of the footnote.

你可以自定义脚注样式。

脚注链接

— A hyperlink that leads from the main text to the footnote.

电子书中的脚注链接很方便。

脚注来源

— The source or origin of the information mentioned in a footnote.

我们需要确认脚注来源的可靠性。

脚注长度

— The amount of text contained in a footnote.

脚注长度不宜超过正文的三分之一。

脚注分隔线

— The line that separates the main text from the footnotes at the bottom.

脚注分隔线可以设置粗细。

관용어 및 표현

"微言大义"

— Profound meaning contained in few words; often used to describe the nature of scholarly notes.

这些脚注虽然简短，却有微言大义。

Literary
"举足轻重"

— To play a decisive role; used ironically to contrast with something that is 'just a footnote'.

他本以为自己举足轻重，结果只是个脚注。

Formal
"画龙点睛"

— To add the finishing touch that brings a work to life; a good footnote can do this.

这个脚注真是画龙点睛之笔。

Idiomatic
"深思熟虑"

— Careful thought; used to describe well-researched footnotes.

作者的脚注体现了他的深思熟虑。

Formal
"博古通今"

— Erudite; possessing wide knowledge of both ancient and modern times, reflected in footnotes.

从脚注可以看出作者博古通今。

Literary
"一丝不苟"

— Meticulous; not a single detail is overlooked, common in professional footnote editing.

他对脚注的校对工作一丝不苟。

Formal
"旁征博引"

— To quote extensively from many sources, which is the purpose of footnotes.

这篇论文旁征博引，脚注非常多。

Literary
"言简意赅"

— Concise and comprehensive; the ideal quality of a footnote.

脚注应当言简意赅，不要啰嗦。

Formal
"微不足道"

— Insignificant; often how 'footnotes' are viewed in a metaphorical sense.

在整部巨著中，这一章只是微不足道的脚注。

Neutral
"不可或缺"

— Indispensable; essential.

脚注是学术研究中不可或缺的一部分。

Formal

어휘 가족

명사

脚注 (jiǎozhù) - Footnote
注脚 (zhùjiǎo) - Footnote/Explanation (sometimes used interchangeably)
注释 (zhùshì) - Annotation

동사

注 (zhù) - To annotate/note
注解 (zhùjiě) - To explain/comment

형용사

注明的 (zhùmíng de) - Clearly marked/noted

관련

尾注 (wěizhù)
旁注 (pángzhù)
参考文献 (cānkǎo wénxiàn)
引用 (yǐnyòng)
索引 (suǒyǐn)
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기억법

Think of your paper as a person. The main text is the body, and the notes at the bottom are the 'feet' (脚). A 'foot' note is a 脚注.

시각적 연상

Imagine a tiny person standing at the bottom of a page, holding a sign that explains a word. The person is at the 'foot' of the page.

Word Web

脚 (Foot) 注 (Note) 书 (Book) 页 (Page) 底 (Bottom) 写 (Write) 读 (Read) 学 (Study)

챌린지

Try to find three footnotes in a Chinese book today and read them aloud. Pay attention to the 'zhù' tone.

어원

The term 脚注 is a modern compound. '脚' (jiǎo) originally depicted a foot in oracle bone script. '注' (zhù) originally meant to pour water, which later evolved into 'pouring' thoughts or explanations into a text.

원래 의미: The original meaning of the characters combined is 'a note placed at the foot.'

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

문화적 맥락

In sensitive political or historical texts in China, footnotes are sometimes used to provide 'correct' interpretations of events, so pay attention to the tone of the notes.

In English, we use 'footnote' similarly, but the formatting rules (like APA or Chicago) are very specific. Chinese has its own set of rules (GB/T 7714).

The footnotes in the 'Annotated Analects' are legendary for their depth. Modern Chinese translations of James Joyce often have more footnotes than text. Academic journals like 'Social Sciences in China' (中国社会科学) are known for their rigorous 脚注.
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