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A2 adjective 중립 2분 분량

体弱

ti ruo tǐ ruò
연습하기

Overview

The Chinese word '体弱' (tǐ ruò) literally translates to 'body weak,' and it effectively encapsulates the meaning of having a weak constitution or being delicate. It's often used to describe someone who is physically frail, easily gets sick, or lacks stamina and robust health.

Constitutional Weakness: This term frequently refers to an inherent or chronic state of physical weakness, rather than a temporary illness. For example, a person might be described as '体弱多病' (tǐ ruò duō bìng), meaning 'weak constitution and prone to illness,' highlighting a susceptibility to various ailments. This could stem from genetics, early childhood health issues, or prolonged periods of poor health that have diminished one's overall physical resilience.

Delicate Health: '体弱' can also convey a sense of delicacy. It suggests that the person needs to be handled with care, as they might not be able to withstand strenuous activities, harsh environments, or significant stress without adverse effects on their health. This often implies a need for a more protective or nurturing approach towards the individual.

**Usage Contexts:**

  • Medical Descriptions: Doctors or traditional Chinese medicine practitioners might use '体弱' to describe a patient's general physical state, often as a factor in diagnosis or treatment planning.
  • Personal Descriptions: Individuals might describe themselves or others as '体弱' to explain limitations in physical activity, dietary needs, or susceptibility to certain conditions.
  • Literary and Figurative Use: In literature, '体弱' can be used to evoke sympathy, describe a character's vulnerability, or contrast with a stronger character.

**Nuances and Connotations:**

  • Not necessarily 'sick': While often associated with illness, '体弱' isn't always about being currently sick. It can describe a state of being perpetually on the verge of illness or having a low baseline of health.
  • Can imply a need for care: The term often carries a connotation of needing care, protection, and a mindful approach to health maintenance.
  • Beyond physical: While primarily physical, in some extended contexts, it can subtly allude to a certain mental or emotional fragility if it's deeply intertwined with physical health challenges, though this is less direct.

In essence, '体弱' is a comprehensive term for describing someone who is not robust in health, signifying a predisposition to weakness, illness, and a general lack of physical resilience.

예시

1

他体弱多病，需要好好调养。

Describes someone with a naturally frail or delicate physical condition, often leading to frequent sickness.

He is of weak constitution and prone to illness, so he needs to take good care of himself.

2

这株幼苗体弱，恐怕难以成活。

Used metaphorically to describe something, like a plant, that is not robust.

This seedling is delicate and probably won't survive.

3

由于长期卧床，她的身体变得体弱。

Describes a temporary state of physical weakness resulting from a specific cause, such as illness or lack of activity.

Due to long-term bed rest, her body became weak.

4

他虽然体弱，但意志坚强。

Used in contrast to emphasize inner strength despite physical fragility.

Although he is physically weak, his will is strong.

5

老年人体弱，冬季尤其要注意保暖。

Refers to the general physical frailty often associated with old age.

Elderly people are frail, so they should pay special attention to keeping warm in winter.

자주 쓰는 조합

体弱多病
体弱无力
身体体弱
自幼体弱

자주 혼동되는 단어

体弱 대 weak
Refers to a general lack of strength or power. '体弱' specifically implies a weak constitution or delicate health.
体弱 대 fragile
Can be used for objects that break easily. While '体弱' suggests a delicate state, it's more about health than physical breakability.
体弱 대 feeble
Often implies a lack of strength due to age or illness, which overlaps with '体弱' but '体弱' can also describe a naturally delicate constitution.
体弱 대 infirm
Similar to 'feeble', often associated with age or chronic illness. '体弱' can be used more broadly for any delicate constitution.
体弱 대 delicate
Can describe something easily damaged or requiring careful handling. When applied to health, it's very close to '体弱', but '体弱' specifically refers to the physical constitution.

문법 패턴

体弱多病 (tǐ ruò duō bìng): sickly; frail and prone to illness 身体体弱 (shēn tǐ tǐ ruò): to have a weak body/constitution 从小体弱 (cóng xiǎo tǐ ruò): to be weak since childhood

사용법

사용 참고사항

When using '体弱' (tǐruò), it's important to understand its nuances. It describes a state of being physically weak or having a delicate constitution, rather than a temporary illness or a lack of strength due to aging or a specific injury. It's often used to describe someone who is inherently frail or prone to sickness. For example, you might say '他从小就体弱多病' (tā cóngxiǎo jiù tǐruò duō bìng), meaning 'He has been sickly and of delicate constitution since childhood.' It can also be used to describe someone who is generally not robust, even if they aren't currently ill, such as '她体弱，不适合做体力活' (tā tǐruò, bù shìhé zuò tǐlì huó), meaning 'She is of delicate constitution and not suitable for manual labor.' It's less common to use '体弱' for a temporary state like feeling weak after a strenuous workout; in that case, terms like '虚弱' (xūruò - weak, debilitated) or '没力气' (méi lìqi - no strength) would be more appropriate. '体弱' often implies a more persistent or constitutional fragility.

자주 하는 실수

A common mistake might be to confuse '体弱' with '虚弱' (xūruò). While both mean 'weak,' '体弱' specifically refers to a weak constitution or delicate health, often implying a chronic state. '虚弱' is a more general term for weakness, which can be temporary or due to various reasons like illness, fatigue, or lack of strength.

팁

💡

Usage Context: Describing Physical Weakness

'体弱' (tǐruò) specifically describes physical weakness or a delicate constitution, often implying someone is easily susceptible to illness or lacks physical strength. It is commonly used to characterize individuals who are frail due to age, illness, or inherent physical condition. For example, you might say someone is '年老体弱' (niánlǎo tǐruò - old and frail) or '久病体弱' (jiǔbìng tǐruò - weakened by prolonged illness). While it can describe a temporary state, it often suggests a more persistent condition.
💡

Distinction from General Weakness or Emotional Weakness

Do not confuse '体弱' with general weakness or emotional weakness. For general weakness, you might use words like '虚弱' (xūruò - weak, debilitated) which can apply more broadly to physical and sometimes even mental states, or '无力' (wúlì - powerless, lacking strength) for a lack of immediate physical power. For emotional weakness, terms like '软弱' (ruǎnruò - weak, timid) or '脆弱' (cuìruò - fragile, vulnerable) would be more appropriate. '体弱' is almost exclusively about the physical body's constitution.
💡

Synonyms and Antonyms

Synonyms for '体弱' include '虚弱' (xūruò - weak, debilitated) when referring to physical state, and '孱弱' (chánruò - frail, weak) which also emphasizes a delicate constitution. Antonyms include '体壮' (tǐzhuàng - strong, robust), '健壮' (jiànzhuàng - healthy and strong), and '强壮' (qiángzhuàng - strong, sturdy), all of which describe a healthy and powerful physical build.

어원

The character '体' (tǐ) means 'body'. It is composed of the radical '亻' (rén), which is a variant of '人' meaning 'person', and '本' (běn), meaning 'root' or 'origin'. Together, they suggest the fundamental structure of a person's body. The character '弱' (ruò) means 'weak'. Its ancient form depicts two bows that are not taut, indicating a lack of strength. Therefore, '体弱' literally means 'body weak', referring to a weak constitution or delicate health. The combination of these two characters creates a clear and direct meaning.

문화적 맥락

The term '体弱' (tǐruò) in Chinese culture often carries a connotation beyond just physical weakness; it can imply a delicate constitution or a predisposition to illness. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), emphasis is placed on maintaining balance and strengthening the body's internal systems. Someone described as '体弱' might be seen as having insufficient 'qi' (vital energy) or an imbalance in their 'yin' and 'yang'. This can lead to concerns about their overall well-being and their ability to withstand environmental changes or stressors. Historically, in some contexts, a '体弱' individual, particularly a child, might have been given special care or even seen as somewhat precious, though this can also be associated with worries about their longevity or ability to thrive. There's often a societal understanding that a '体弱' person may require more protection or a less strenuous lifestyle.

암기 팁

The character '体' (tǐ) means 'body,' and '弱' (ruò) means 'weak.' So, '体弱' literally translates to 'body weak,' meaning weak in constitution or delicate.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문
'体弱' (tǐ ruò) literally translates to 'body weak' and is used to describe someone with a weak constitution or delicate health. It suggests that a person is easily susceptible to illness, lacks physical strength, or tires quickly. It implies a state of physical frailty rather than a temporary feeling of weakness.
'体弱' often appears as an adjective to describe a person's physical condition. For example, you might hear '他从小体弱多病' (tā cóng xiǎo tǐ ruò duō bìng), meaning 'He has been weak and sickly since childhood.' It can also be used in phrases like '体弱的病人' (tǐ ruò de bìng rén), which means 'a patient with a weak constitution.'
Yes, some related terms that convey a similar meaning include '虚弱' (xū ruò), which means 'weak' or 'feeble,' and '羸弱' (léi ruò), often used to describe someone thin and weak. While '虚弱' can refer to both physical and mental weakness, '体弱' specifically focuses on physical frailty. '单薄' (dān bó) can also describe a weak build, but it can also refer to thinness in general.
Antonyms for '体弱' would include terms that describe good health and strength. '强壮' (qiáng zhuàng) means 'strong' or 'robust,' and '健康' (jiàn kāng) means 'healthy.' '身强体壮' (shēn qiáng tǐ zhuàng) is a more elaborate phrase meaning 'strong in body and healthy in constitution,' directly contrasting with '体弱.'

셀프 테스트

fill blank

她生病后身体______，需要好好休养。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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老人家年纪大了，身体______，要多注意保暖。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

经过长期的劳累，他变得______多病。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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虚弱な 일본어 病弱な 일본어
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