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B1 noun, verb #4,000 가장 일반적인 12분 분량

负荷

fuhe 상위 4,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 负荷 30초 만에

설명 负荷 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '负荷' (fùhè) frequently, but you might see it in very basic contexts related to weight. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'heavy load.' At this stage, just remember that '负' (fù) looks like a person carrying something. If you see it on a sign near a small bridge or an elevator, it's telling you how much weight it can carry. You should focus on simpler words like '重' (zhòng - heavy) first. However, knowing that '负' means 'carry' will help you later. Just imagine a person with a heavy backpack—that is the basic idea of '负荷.' You won't hear people use this in casual daily talk like 'I'm carrying an apple,' but you might see it in a simple story about a truck carrying goods. Keep it in your 'passive' vocabulary for now.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to talk about work and daily routines. You might hear '负荷' when people talk about being busy. For example, '工作负荷' (gōngzuò fùhè) means 'workload.' If you have a lot of homework, a teacher might say the '负荷' is a bit heavy today. At this level, you should also notice the character '荷' (hè). Usually, it means 'lotus' (hé), but here it means 'to carry.' This is a good chance to learn that some Chinese characters have two sounds! You can start using '超负荷' (chāofùhè) to mean 'overload' if you want to sound more advanced than just saying 'too much work.' It's a useful word for explaining why a machine (like a computer or a phone) is getting hot or slow. 'It has too much load!'

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use '负荷' (fùhè) accurately in both physical and mental contexts. You are now expected to understand the difference between '负荷' and '负担' (fùdān). Remember: '负荷' is more like a technical 'load' (like a machine's capacity), while '负担' is more like a personal 'burden' (like money problems). In a B1 conversation, you might discuss your '心理负荷' (mental load) during exam season. You should also be familiar with collocations like '承受负荷' (to bear a load) and '减轻负荷' (to reduce a load). If you are working in an office, you'll hear this word used to describe project capacities. It's a key word for describing systems—whether that's a human body, a company team, or a power grid.

At the B2 level, you should use '负荷' (fùhè) with precision in professional and academic discussions. You should understand its use in various fields: in physics (electrical load), in sports science (training load), and in environmental studies (environmental load). You should be comfortable using the verb form in formal writing, such as '这艘船负荷着重要的物资' (This ship is carrying important materials). You should also recognize fixed terms like '满负荷运转' (running at full capacity) and '超负荷工作' (working beyond capacity). At this level, you should never mistake the tone; it is always 'hè' (4th tone) in this word. You can use it to analyze complex situations, like explaining how a city's infrastructure is struggling under the '负荷' of a growing population.

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At the C1 level, you should explore the nuanced and metaphorical uses of '负荷' (fùhè). You might encounter it in literature to describe the 'weight of history' or the 'emotional load' of a character's past. You should be able to distinguish '负荷' from even more technical terms like '载荷' (zàihè) in engineering or '负载' (fùzài) in computing. In high-level debates, you might use the term to discuss '认知负荷' (cognitive load) when critiquing modern user interface design or educational methods. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's structural implications—that it refers to the balance between demand and capacity. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures, such as '在当前这种超负荷的社会节奏下...' (Under the current overloaded pace of society...).

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At the C2 level, you have a complete grasp of '负荷' (fùhè) and its etymological roots. You can discuss how the character '负' evolved from carrying currency to representing negative numbers in math and 'load' in physics. You can use the word in highly specialized contexts, such as '各向异性负荷' (anisotropic loading) in advanced materials science or '生物性负荷' (biological load) in ecology. You are sensitive to the rhythmic and stylistic choices of using '负荷' versus its synonyms in formal speeches or academic papers. You can interpret the word's appearance in classical-style modern prose, where it might be used to evoke a sense of grave responsibility or monumental pressure. You are also able to correct others' subtle mispronunciations or misapplications in professional settings.

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负荷 30초 만에

A formal word for 'load' or 'capacity' used in technical and professional contexts.
Commonly applied to electricity, machinery, and psychological stress.
Used as a noun to describe the amount of demand on a system.
Often seen in phrases like 'overload' (超负荷) or 'full capacity' (满负荷).

The Chinese word 负荷 (fùhè) is a sophisticated term that bridges the gap between physical weight, technical capacity, and psychological pressure. At its core, it refers to the amount of weight, work, or power that something or someone is designed to carry or sustain. In a literal sense, it is the 'load' on a bridge or a truck. In a technical sense, it is the 'electrical load' on a circuit or the 'data load' on a server. In a human sense, it describes the 'mental load' or 'workload' an individual manages. Unlike the simpler word 压力 (yālì - pressure), 负荷 implies a structural or functional limit—it suggests a system's capacity to function under a specific amount of stress.

Engineering Context: In civil and mechanical engineering, 负荷 refers to the forces applied to a component. For instance, a bridge has a maximum 负荷 that it can support before structural integrity is compromised. Engineers must calculate both 'dead loads' (the weight of the bridge itself) and 'live loads' (the traffic on it).
Electrical Context: In electronics, it refers to the electrical load (the power consumed by a device). When too many appliances are plugged into one outlet, the 负荷 becomes too great, potentially leading to a short circuit or a blown fuse.
Psychological Context: When applied to people, it usually refers to 'mental load' (心理负荷). This is the cognitive effort required to manage multiple tasks, responsibilities, and emotional demands. It is frequently used in discussions about workplace burnout.

长期的高强度工作让他的心理负荷达到了极限。(Long-term high-intensity work has pushed his mental load to the limit.)

The term is often paired with prefixes like 超 (chāo - over) or 满 (mǎn - full). 超负荷 (chāofùhè) means 'overload' and is a common way to describe being overworked or a machine being pushed beyond its limits. 满负荷 (mǎnfùhè) means 'full capacity,' indicating that a system is working at its peak intended efficiency without necessarily being in danger of breaking. Understanding this distinction is vital for professional communication in Chinese.

Historically, the characters themselves tell a story. 负 (fù) depicts a person carrying something (originally a shell, representing money or value) on their back. 荷 (hè) refers to carrying or bearing, often specifically on the shoulders. Together, they create a vivid image of a structural support bearing weight. In modern usage, this image has been abstracted to fit the digital and industrial age, but the core concept of 'bearing' remains unchanged. Whether you are talking about a server's traffic or a student's study schedule, 负荷 is the go-to word for describing the quantity of demand placed on a capacity.

为了防止电路负荷过大，请不要同时开启多台大功率电器。(To prevent the circuit load from becoming too large, please do not turn on multiple high-power appliances at the same time.)

Physical Training: Athletes use this term to describe 'training load' (运动负荷). It refers to the volume and intensity of exercise. Increasing the 负荷 is necessary for progress, but exceeding it leads to injury.

In summary, use 负荷 when you want to sound precise, technical, or when you are describing a system's capacity. It is a B1 level word because while its basic meaning is simple, its application across various professional fields requires a nuanced understanding of how 'load' functions in different contexts.

Using 负荷 (fùhè) correctly involves understanding its role as both a noun and a verb, though its noun form is significantly more common in everyday speech and technical writing. When used as a noun, it often acts as the object of verbs like 增加 (increase), 减轻 (reduce), 承受 (bear), or 超过 (exceed). When used as a verb, it means to bear or to carry, though this is usually reserved for formal or literary contexts.

这台服务器的负荷已经达到了顶点。(The load on this server has reached its peak.)

One of the most common sentence patterns involves the adjective-noun combination. You will frequently hear phrases like 超负荷运转 (running at overload). This describes a state where a machine or a person is working beyond their sustainable limit. For example, '由于人手不足，整个团队都在超负荷运转' (Due to a lack of manpower, the whole team is running at overload). Here, 负荷 is part of a compound noun phrase that describes a specific state of operation.

Pattern: [Subject] + [Verb] + [Adjective] + 负荷: Example: 他的心脏难以承受如此沉重的负荷。(His heart can hardly bear such a heavy load.) In this structure, '负荷' is modified by '沉重的' (heavy) to specify the intensity.
Pattern: [Noun] + 负荷: Example: 心理负荷 (mental load), 电力负荷 (electrical load), 认知负荷 (cognitive load). This is the most common way to categorize the type of load being discussed.

我们需要通过优化算法来减轻系统的负荷。(We need to reduce the system load by optimizing the algorithm.)

In negative sentences, 负荷 is often used to describe failure. A common phrase is '超出负荷' (exceeding the load). If a bridge collapses, a report might say '货车重量超出了桥梁的承载负荷' (The weight of the truck exceeded the bridge's load-bearing capacity). This demonstrates the word's importance in logical and causal explanations. It provides a technical reason for why a system failed or why a person is feeling stressed.

这名运动员通过增加训练负荷来提高体能。(This athlete improves their physical fitness by increasing their training load.)

Verb Usage (Formal): Example: 该船负荷着成千上万吨的货物。(The ship is carrying thousands of tons of cargo.) Note: In modern spoken Chinese, people would more likely use '载着' or '装着' for physical carrying.

To master this word, practice using it with the verbs 承受 (chéngshòu - to bear) and 减轻 (jiǎnqīng - to alleviate). These are the most natural collocations and will help you describe situations involving stress, technology, and physical effort with the precision of a native speaker.

You will encounter 负荷 (fùhè) in several distinct environments, and recognizing these contexts will help you understand the speaker's intent. Because it is a B1/B2 level word, it appears frequently in news reports, professional settings, and health-related discussions.

1. The Modern Workplace: In offices, especially in the tech and finance sectors, 负荷 is a buzzword for capacity. Managers might discuss 'workload balancing' (负荷平衡). If a colleague says, '我现在的负荷太重了' (My current load is too heavy), they aren't just saying they are busy; they are signaling that they are at their breaking point. It is a more professional way to express burnout than simply saying '我很累' (I am tired).
2. News and Infrastructure: During peak summer heatwaves in China, news anchors often report on the 'power grid load' (电网负荷). They might say, '高温导致空调用电量激增，电网负荷创下历史新高' (High temperatures caused a surge in air conditioning use, and the power grid load hit a record high). This is a standard phrase in economic and utility reporting.

由于春运期间乘客过多，铁路系统的负荷极大。(Due to the excessive number of passengers during the Spring Festival travel rush, the railway system is under immense load.)

In the tech world, 负荷 is ubiquitous. If you work in software development or IT, you will hear about 'server load' (服务器负荷) and 'load testing' (负荷测试). When a website crashes because too many people are trying to buy concert tickets, the technical explanation is that the 'concurrent load' (并发负荷) exceeded the server's capacity.

You will also hear it in the context of environmental science and sustainability. Scientists talk about 'environmental load' (环境负荷), referring to the impact of human activity on the ecosystem. This might include the 'pollution load' in a river or the 'carbon load' in the atmosphere. It treats the Earth as a system with a limited capacity to absorb waste.

为了减少环境负荷，我们应该提倡绿色出行。(To reduce the environmental load, we should promote green travel.)

3. Academic and Scientific Research: In psychology and education, 'cognitive load theory' (认知负荷理论) is a major topic. It explores how much information a student's working memory can handle. Teachers are encouraged to design lessons that don't cause 'cognitive overload' (认知超负荷).

Whether you are watching a documentary about engineering marvels, reading a medical report, or discussing project management at a tech firm, 负荷 is the essential term for quantifying the demands placed on any system. Its versatility across these domains makes it one of the most useful 'mid-to-high' level words in the Chinese vocabulary.

While 负荷 (fùhè) is a powerful word, it is also a magnet for specific errors, particularly regarding its pronunciation and its confusion with similar-sounding or similar-meaning words. For English speakers learning Chinese, these nuances can be tricky.

1. The Pronunciation Trap (Tone Error): The most common mistake is pronouncing '荷' as 'hé' (2nd tone). In most contexts, such as '荷花' (héhuā - lotus), the character is indeed 2nd tone. However, in '负荷,' it MUST be pronounced as 'hè' (4th tone). Using the wrong tone here is a hallmark of a non-native speaker and can lead to confusion in formal technical settings.
2. Confusion with 负担 (fùdān): This is the most frequent semantic error. While both mean 'burden' or 'load,' they are not interchangeable. 负担 is usually subjective and emotional (e.g., financial burden, family burden, mental burden as a feeling). 负荷 is objective and technical (e.g., machine load, electrical load, mental load as a measurable capacity). You have a 'economic 负担,' but a machine has a 'work 负荷.'

❌ 错误: 这种机器的负担太重了。(Wrong: The 'burden' of this machine is too heavy.)
✅ 正确: 这种机器的负荷太重了。(Correct: The 'load' of this machine is too heavy.)

Another error is using 负荷 as a simple verb for 'carrying a bag' or 'carrying a child.' While 负荷 can be a verb, it is highly formal. For everyday physical carrying, use 背 (bēi), 拿 (ná), or 提 (tí). Using 负荷 in a casual physical context sounds overly dramatic or like a machine-translated sentence. Imagine saying 'I am currently bearing the load of my groceries' instead of 'I am carrying my groceries.'

A subtle mistake involves the phrase '超负荷' (overload). Learners sometimes try to say '多负荷' or '太负荷,' which are incorrect. The standard prefix for 'over-' in this context is always '超.' Similarly, for 'full load,' always use '满负荷,' not '全负荷' or '多负荷.'

❌ 错误: 他的工作量已经多负荷了。(Wrong: His workload is 'much-loaded'.)
✅ 正确: 他的工作量已经超负荷了。(Correct: His workload is overloaded.)

Finally, be careful with the word 承受 (chéngshòu - to bear). While it is the most common verb to use with 负荷, learners sometimes use 拿 (ná - to take) or 有 (yǒu - to have). While '有负荷' is grammatically possible, '承受负荷' is the idiomatic standard in professional Chinese. Paying attention to these collocations will prevent your Chinese from sounding 'clunky' or 'foreign.'

To truly master 负荷 (fùhè), you must know how it compares to its synonyms. Chinese has many words for 'burden,' 'pressure,' and 'load,' each with a specific flavor and register.

负荷 vs. 负担 (fùdān): 负荷: Objective, technical, refers to capacity. Used for machines, circuits, and measurable mental capacity.
负担: Subjective, emotional, refers to the feeling of being weighed down. Used for family responsibilities, financial debt, or psychological worries.
负荷 vs. 载荷 (zàihè): 负荷: General term, used in physics, psychology, and daily life.
载荷: Highly specialized engineering term. You will find this in textbooks for structural engineering or aerospace. It specifically refers to the external forces acting on a structure.
负荷 vs. 负载 (fùzài): 负荷: More common in general conversation and psychology (e.g., mental load).
负载: More common in electrical engineering and computer science (e.g., server load balancing is 负载均衡). In many technical contexts, they are interchangeable, but 负载 sounds slightly more modern/digital.

比较: 减轻负担 (reduce the emotional burden) vs. 减轻负荷 (reduce the functional/technical load).

When you want to describe the act of bearing a load rather than the load itself, you might use 承担 (chéngdān) or 承载 (chéngzài). 承担 is usually for responsibilities or consequences (e.g., 承担责任 - to take responsibility). 承载 is for physical or metaphorical carrying (e.g., 这座桥承载着历史 - This bridge carries history). 负荷 is the 'amount' that is being carried, while these verbs describe the 'action' of carrying.

In a medical context, you might hear 负荷试验 (fùhè shìyàn - stress test). This is a specific medical procedure where the body is put under 'load' to see how it performs. In this case, there is no good alternative word, as 负荷 is the standard medical term. Similarly, in environmental science, 环境容量 (environmental capacity) is a related concept, but 负荷 is used to describe the actual amount of impact currently being placed on that capacity.

为了提高效率，我们需要实现负载均衡。(To improve efficiency, we need to achieve load balancing.)

By learning these distinctions, you move from simply 'knowing' a word to 'mastering' its usage. Choosing 负荷 over 负担 or 压力 signals that you understand the structural or technical nature of the problem you are describing, which is a key skill for professional fluency in Chinese.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In ancient Chinese, '荷' was often used interchangeably with '何' in certain contexts, but as a verb meaning 'to carry,' it became its own distinct usage that survives in modern technical terms like '负荷.'

발음 가이드

UK fù hè

US foo-huh

Both syllables carry equal stress as they are both 4th tone.

라임이 맞는 단어

路客 (lùkè) 出色 (chūsè) 复合 (fùhé - though tones differ) 负责 (fùzé) 副本 (fùběn) 贺卡 (hèkǎ) 赫然 (hèrán) 和睦 (hémù - different tone)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing '荷' as 'hé' (2nd tone). This is the most frequent mistake because 'hé' is the more common reading for lotus.
Pronouncing '负' as 'fú' (2nd tone).
Mixing up the tones, making it sound like 'fú hé' (which means 'to comply with'). This is a completely different word!
Failing to emphasize the falling nature of the 4th tones.
Mumbling the 'h' in 'hè'.

난이도

독해 3/5

The characters are somewhat complex but recognizable. The 4th tone on '荷' is the main challenge.

쓰기 4/5

Writing '负' and '荷' correctly requires attention to stroke order and radicals.

말하기 3/5

Pronouncing the double 4th tone clearly is important for being understood.

듣기 3/5

Easily confused with '符合' (fúhé) if the listener doesn't catch the tones.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

压力负责重增加减少

다음에 배울 것

承载负担极限效率平衡

고급

载荷负载均衡认知心理学韧性

알아야 할 문법

Double 4th Tone (Tone Sandhi)

In 'fùhè', both are 4th tone. Unlike some other combinations, they remain sharp falling tones.

Noun as Object of '承受'

承受 + [Adjective] + 负荷.

Prefix '超' and '满'

超 (over) and 满 (full) are directly attached to 负荷.

Resultative Complement '到'

负荷达到了顶点 (The load reached the peak).

Formal Verb Usage

Subject + 负荷着 + Object (The subject is carrying/bearing...).

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수준별 예문

这辆车的负荷很重。

The load of this car is very heavy.

Simple Subject + Noun + Adjective structure.

桥的负荷有限。

The bridge's load is limited.

Use '有限' to describe a limit.

不要超负荷。

Do not overload.

A common imperative phrase.

书包的负荷太大。

The schoolbag's load is too big.

Using '太大' to express excess.

机器有负荷。

The machine has a load.

Basic 'Subject + Verb + Object' sentence.

他的负荷不重。

His load is not heavy.

Negative form using '不'.

这是什么负荷？

What load is this?

Basic question structure.

请看负荷量。

Please look at the load capacity.

Using '量' to denote quantity.

我的工作负荷很大。

My workload is very large.

Combining '工作' (work) and '负荷'.

这台电脑超负荷了。

This computer is overloaded.

Using '超' as a prefix for 'over'.

我们需要减轻负荷。

We need to reduce the load.

Common verb '减轻' (to reduce).

这种电器的负荷是多少？

What is the load of this appliance?

Asking for a specific value.

他每天都在满负荷工作。

He works at full capacity every day.

Using '满负荷' to mean 'full capacity'.

你应该增加训练负荷。

You should increase the training load.

Using '增加' (to increase).

这里的电网负荷很高。

The power grid load here is very high.

Contextual use in utilities.

心脏的负荷太重了。

The load on the heart is too heavy.

Medical context.

这种材料能承受多大的负荷？

How much load can this material bear?

Using '承受' (to bear) with '多大' (how much).

由于心理负荷过重，他病倒了。

He fell ill due to excessive mental load.

Cause and effect using '由于...而...'.

我们要实现系统的负荷平衡。

We need to achieve load balancing for the system.

Professional tech term '负荷平衡'.

为了安全，请勿让电梯超负荷运转。

For safety, please do not let the elevator run overloaded.

Formal request '请勿' (please do not).

教师应该控制学生的认知负荷。

Teachers should control students' cognitive load.

Educational psychology context.

这座旧桥无法承受卡车的负荷。

This old bridge cannot bear the load of a truck.

Negative potential '无法承受'.

新政策减轻了企业的经济负荷。

The new policy reduced the economic load on enterprises.

Abstract usage for economy.

这台发电机正处于满负荷状态。

This generator is currently in a full-load state.

Using '处于...状态' (in a state of).

该项目的成功取决于负荷的合理分配。

The success of the project depends on the rational distribution of the load.

Using '取决于' (depends on).

长期超负荷运转会导致机械疲劳。

Long-term overloaded operation leads to mechanical fatigue.

Scientific explanation structure.

我们需要对服务器进行压力和负荷测试。

We need to perform stress and load tests on the server.

IT terminology.

由于电力负荷激增，部分地区出现了停电。

Due to a surge in power load, some areas experienced blackouts.

Economic/News context.

医生的工作负荷直接影响到医疗质量。

A doctor's workload directly affects the quality of medical care.

Abstract logical relationship.

环境负荷已经超过了地球的再生能力。

The environmental load has exceeded the Earth's regenerative capacity.

Environmental science context.

这种药物会增加肾脏的代谢负荷。

This drug increases the metabolic load on the kidneys.

Biological/Medical context.

他试图通过运动来释放心理负荷。

He tried to release his mental load through exercise.

Psychological health context.

在信息爆炸的时代，我们的认知负荷达到了前所未有的高度。

In the era of information explosion, our cognitive load has reached unprecedented heights.

Advanced '前所未有的' modifier.

建筑师必须精确计算屋顶的积雪负荷。

Architects must precisely calculate the snow load on the roof.

Technical precision.

系统的韧性体现在它应对突发负荷的能力上。

The resilience of a system is reflected in its ability to handle sudden loads.

Abstract noun '韧性' (resilience).

该地区的生态负荷已经处于红色预警边缘。

The ecological load of this region is on the verge of a red alert.

Idiomatic '处于...边缘' (on the verge of).

满负荷的社会竞争让年轻人感到无所适从。

Full-capacity social competition leaves young people feeling at a loss.

Metaphorical social application.

通过动态调整，我们可以优化数据中心的负荷分布。

Through dynamic adjustment, we can optimize the load distribution of the data center.

Formal tech vocabulary.

心脏负荷试验可以检测出潜在的冠心病风险。

A cardiac stress test can detect potential risks of coronary heart disease.

Medical terminology.

过度负荷的承诺往往会导致信任的崩塌。

Overloaded promises often lead to the collapse of trust.

Philosophical/Abstract usage.

历史的负荷往往沉重得让人难以呼吸。

The load of history is often so heavy that it makes it hard to breathe.

Highly metaphorical and poetic.

该桥梁的设计充分考虑了地震带来的动力负荷。

The design of the bridge fully considers the dynamic loads brought by earthquakes.

Specialized engineering term '动力负荷'.

在现代企业管理中，如何平衡员工的心理负荷与产出效率是一门艺术。

In modern corporate management, how to balance employees' mental load and output efficiency is an art.

Complex subordinating structure.

这种新型材料在极高负荷下仍能保持其物理属性。

This new material can still maintain its physical properties under extremely high loads.

Scientific precision.

大都市的交通系统正面临着前所未有的负荷挑战。

The transportation systems of megacities are facing unprecedented load challenges.

Formal sociological analysis.

认知负荷理论为多媒体教学课件的设计提供了科学依据。

Cognitive Load Theory provides a scientific basis for the design of multimedia teaching courseware.

Academic citation style.

我们需要警惕那些打着‘高负荷’旗号的剥削行为。

We need to be wary of exploitative behaviors under the banner of 'high workload'.

Critical and social commentary.

通过对变压器负荷的实时监测，我们可以有效预防电网事故。

By real-time monitoring of transformer loads, we can effectively prevent power grid accidents.

Industrial safety context.

동의어

压力负担承载量重量

반의어

空载轻便

자주 쓰는 조합

超负荷

满负荷

心理负荷

电力负荷

承受负荷

减轻负荷

认知负荷

训练负荷

环境负荷

重负荷

자주 쓰는 구문

超负荷运转

— Operating beyond capacity. Used for machines or exhausted people.

由于长期超负荷运转，他终于病倒了。

满负荷生产

— Producing at full capacity. Usually used in manufacturing.

工厂正在满负荷生产以满足订单。

负荷平衡

— Load balancing. Distributing work evenly.

通过负荷平衡，我们可以提高效率。

负荷试验

— Load test or stress test. Testing limits.

医生建议他做一个心脏负荷试验。

额定负荷

— Rated load. The standard capacity of a machine.

请不要超过电梯的额定负荷。

负荷过重

— Overloaded. Having too much weight or pressure.

由于负荷过重，电线起火了。

代谢负荷

— Metabolic load. The strain on organs during processing.

高糖饮食会增加肝脏的代谢负荷。

工作负荷量

— Amount of workload.

我们需要重新评估每个人的工作负荷量。

峰值负荷

— Peak load. The maximum amount of load reached.

夏天的电力负荷峰值通常在下午。

动态负荷

— Dynamic load. Changing weight or force.

工程师必须考虑风力带来的动态负荷。

자주 혼동되는 단어

负荷 vs 符合 (fúhé)

Means 'to comply with' or 'to meet (standards).' Different tones (2nd and 2nd vs 4th and 4th).

负荷 vs 负责 (fùzé)

Means 'to be responsible for.' Related root but different meaning.

负荷 vs 复核 (fùhé)

Means 'to re-check' or 'review.' Same Pinyin as '符合' but different characters and meaning.

관용어 및 표현

"不堪重负"

— Unable to bear the heavy burden. Often used when someone is overwhelmed.

他已经不堪重负，决定辞职。

Formal/Literary

"负重前行"

— To move forward while carrying a heavy load. Often used to describe perseverance.

哪有什么岁月静好，不过是有人替你负重前行。

Inspirational

"如释重负"

— As if relieved of a heavy burden. Feeling great relief.

考试结束后，他如释重负地松了一口气。

Common

"任重道远"

— The burden is heavy and the road is long. A long-term responsibility.

环境保护工作任重道远。

Formal

"担负重任"

— To take on a heavy responsibility.

他被委派担负起这项工程的重任。

Formal

"披星戴月"

— To wrap oneself in starlight and wear the moon. Working very hard from dawn to dusk.

为了完成任务，他披星戴月地工作。

Literary

"精疲力竭"

— Exhausted. The result of excessive load.

长跑后，他感到精疲力竭。

Common

"克勤克俭"

— To be industrious and frugal. Managing loads through hard work.

他们克勤克俭，终于度过了难关。

Traditional

"举步维艰"

— Hard to take a step. Struggling under a heavy load.

公司由于债务问题，现在举步维艰。

Formal

"力不从心"

— Ability falling short of one's wishes. When the load exceeds capacity.

我想帮他，但实在力不从心。

Common

혼동하기 쉬운

负荷 vs 负担 (fùdān)

Both mean burden/load.

负担 is emotional/personal; 负荷 is technical/objective.

他背负着沉重的家庭负担，而机器承受着沉重的负荷。

负荷 vs 负载 (fùzài)

Almost identical meaning in tech.

负载 is strictly electrical/IT; 负荷 is broader (includes psychology).

负载均衡是IT术语，而心理负荷是心理学术语。

负荷 vs 压力 (yālì)

Both describe strain.

压力 is the force applied; 负荷 is the amount being carried relative to capacity.

考试压力很大，导致我的认知负荷过重。

负荷 vs 载荷 (zàihè)

Both mean load.

载荷 is specifically for physical/engineering forces.

工程师计算桥梁的载荷，而不是心理负荷。

负荷 vs 重量 (zhòngliàng)

A load has weight.

重量 is the static measure; 负荷 is the weight in the context of a system's capacity.

货物的重量是1吨，这超过了货车的负荷。

문장 패턴

我的 [Noun] 负荷很大。

我的工作负荷很大。

为了 [Goal]，我们需要减轻 [Object] 的负荷。

为了安全，我们需要减轻电梯的负荷。

由于 [Reason]，[Subject] 已经超负荷了。

由于人太多，服务器已经超负荷了。

[Subject] 难以承受如此沉重的 [Type] 负荷。

心脏难以承受如此沉重的体力负荷。

通过 [Method]，我们可以优化负荷分配。

通过算法，我们可以优化负荷分配。

[Subject] 处于满负荷运转状态。

整个工厂正处于满负荷运转状态。

[Abstract Noun] 的负荷超出了 [Entity] 的承受能力。

信息的负荷超出了人类的认知承受能力。

[Subject] 负荷着 [Metaphorical Object]。

这些古老的文字负荷着千年的文明。

어휘 가족

명사

负荷量 (fùhèliàng - load capacity)

心理负荷 (xīnlǐ fùhè - mental load)

电力负荷 (diànlì fùhè - electrical load)

超负荷 (chāofùhè - overload)

동사

负荷 (fùhè - to bear/carry, formal)

担负 (dānfù - to take on/bear)

负责 (fùzé - to be responsible for)

형용사

满负荷的 (mǎnfùhè de - full-capacity)

超负荷的 (chāofùhè de - overloaded)

사용법

frequency

High in news, technical, and medical fields; Moderate in daily speech.

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 荷 as hé. → hè
In this specific word, '荷' means burden/carry, which requires the 4th tone. 2nd tone is for 'lotus.'
Using 负荷 to mean 'carrying a bag.' → 背着包 / 提着包
负荷 is too formal for daily physical actions. It refers to the 'load' itself or a formal bearing.
Saying '我的钱负荷很多' for debt. → 我负债累累
For financial debt, use '负债' (fùzhài), not '负荷.'
Confusing 负荷 with 符合. → Check context and tones.
符合 (fúhé) means to match/comply. 负荷 (fùhè) means load. They sound similar to beginners.
Using '多负荷' for overload. → 超负荷
Chinese uses the specific prefix '超' (chāo) to mean 'over' or 'exceed' in this context.

팁

Using '超负荷' as an Adverb

You can use '超负荷' before a verb to describe how something is operating. Example: '超负荷运转' (to operate while overloaded).

The Falling Tones

Think of the word as two heavy stomps on the ground. FÙ! HÈ! This helps convey the 'heavy' meaning of the word.

Technical vs. Emotional

If you are talking about a machine, always use '负荷.' If you are talking about a person's feelings, '负担' is usually better.

Office Talk

Using '工作负荷' in a performance review sounds much more professional and objective than saying you are 'busy.'

The Shell Radical

Remember the '贝' (shell) in '负.' In ancient China, shells were money. Carrying money is a 'load' or a 'responsibility.'

News Keywords

When you hear '电网' (power grid) or '交通' (traffic) on the news, listen for '负荷' right after it.

Stroke Order

For '荷,' write the grass radical first, then the '人' part, then the '口' and '丁' at the bottom.

Load Balancing

Learn '负荷平衡' as a set phrase. It is useful in management, IT, and even personal life.

Weight vs. Load

Weight (重量) is what something IS. Load (负荷) is what something HAS TO CARRY.

Stress Tests

If a doctor says '负荷试验,' they are talking about a stress test, usually for your heart.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a person ('负' - looks like a person with a pack) carrying a heavy '荷' (lotus/load) on their shoulders. Both sounds are 4th tone, like a heavy foot stepping down: FÙ! HÈ!

시각적 연상

Visualize a bridge with too many cars on it. The cars represent the '负荷.' If there are too many, it is '超负荷.'

Word Web

Electricity Engineering Psychology Bridge Capacity Overload Workload Stress

챌린지

Try to use '超负荷' and '满负荷' in two different sentences describing your current job or studies.

어원

The word is composed of two characters: 负 (fù) and 荷 (hè). 负 originally depicted a person carrying a shell (money) on their back, implying bearing or owing. 荷 consists of the grass radical (艹) and the phonetic component (何), originally referring to the lotus plant, but extended to mean 'to carry on the shoulders' when pronounced in the 4th tone.

원래 의미: To carry a physical burden on the back and shoulders.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

문화적 맥락

When discussing someone's '负荷,' be aware that it can imply they are struggling. In a corporate setting, it is a formal way to complain about being overworked.

In English, we often use 'load' for machines and 'burden' for people. Chinese uses '负荷' for both, highlighting a more systemic view of capacity.

The 'Cognitive Load Theory' (认知负荷理论) is a standard part of teacher training in China. News reports on the 'Three Gorges Dam' often discuss its '负荷' during flood seasons. Modern Chinese songs about city life often mention the '负荷' of dreams and reality.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Engineering & Construction

承载负荷
结构负荷
安全负荷
超负荷预警

Information Technology

服务器负荷
负荷测试
负载均衡
高并发负荷

Psychology & Health

心理负荷
认知负荷
心脏负荷
减轻负荷

Energy & Utilities

电力负荷
峰值负荷
电网负荷
负荷调度

Work & Management

工作负荷
满负荷运转
超负荷工作
分配负荷

대화 시작하기

"你觉得目前的工作负荷还能承受吗？"

"在高峰时段，这里的交通负荷真的太大了。"

"我们应该如何减轻学生的课业负荷？"

"这台老机器还能承受这么大的负荷吗？"

"你平时通过什么方式来释放心理负荷？"

일기 주제

描述一次你感到‘超负荷’的经历，你是如何应对的？

分析你目前生活中的主要负荷来源（工作、家庭、个人成长）。

如果你可以减轻生活中的一项负荷，你会选择哪一项？为什么？

谈谈你对现代社会‘高负荷运转’现象的看法。

写一段话，描述一座桥梁在极端天气下的负荷情况。

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, in the context of 'load' or 'burden,' the character 荷 must be pronounced 'hè.' If you pronounce it 'hé,' people will think of a lotus flower, which makes the word nonsensical.

Yes, you can say '学业负荷' (academic load), but '工作量' or '作业' is more common in casual talk. '负荷' sounds like you are analyzing the strain it puts on you.

‘满负荷’ means you are at 100% capacity—efficient but safe. ‘超负荷’ means you are at 110%—dangerous and likely to cause a breakdown.

Yes, it typically appears in HSK 5 or 6 (old system) and is considered a B1/B2 level word in the CEFR-aligned system.

Yes, but it is very formal. For example, '这艘船负荷着重任' (This ship bears a heavy responsibility). In daily life, use noun forms.

You can say '负荷平衡' (fùhè pínghéng) or more commonly in IT, '负载均衡' (fùzài jūnhéng).

Both are okay. '心理负担' sounds like a worry or secret weighing you down. '心理负荷' sounds like you have too many things to think about at once (cognitive load).

The most common are 承受 (bear), 减轻 (reduce), 增加 (increase), and 超过 (exceed).

Yes, '电力负荷' (electrical load) is the standard term for power consumption in a grid.

It starts with a '⺈' (slanted knife) on top and '贝' (shell/money) on the bottom. Think of carrying money on your back.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기