偏好 30초 만에
- 偏好 (piānhào) is a formal noun meaning 'preference' or 'predilection.'
- It is pronounced with the 4th tone (hào), indicating a tendency or habit.
- Commonly used in business, economics, and academic research to describe choice patterns.
- Grammatically, it often follows the pattern '对...有偏好' (to have a preference for...).
The term 偏好 (piānhào) is a sophisticated noun in Mandarin Chinese that translates most accurately to 'preference' or 'predilection.' At its core, it describes a state where an individual or a group favors one particular option, object, or behavior over others. Unlike the more common word 喜欢 (xǐhuan), which simply means 'to like,' 偏好 implies a comparative choice or a systematic tendency. It suggests that when presented with a variety of options, there is a consistent leaning toward a specific one.
- Etymological Breakdown
- The first character 偏 (piān) means 'slanted,' 'partial,' or 'biased.' It suggests a deviation from the center or neutrality. The second character 好 (hào), when pronounced in the fourth tone, means 'to be fond of' or 'to have a tendency toward.' Together, they form a 'biased fondness'—a literal preference.
- Contextual Nuance
- In modern usage, 偏好 is frequently employed in formal and academic settings. You will encounter it in economics (consumer preference), psychology (cognitive bias/preference), and sociology. It describes the internal mechanism that drives choice. For example, 'risk preference' in finance is translated as 风险偏好.
“每个人的饮食偏好都受到文化背景的影响。” (Everyone's dietary preferences are influenced by their cultural background.)
In a consumerist society, 偏好 is the bedrock of market research. Companies spend billions trying to understand the 'brand preference' (品牌偏好) of their target demographics. It is less about an emotional 'love' and more about a statistical 'selection frequency.' If you consistently buy oat milk instead of almond milk, that is your 偏好.
“投资者的风险偏好正在发生改变。” (Investors' risk preferences are undergoing a change.)
- Semantic Range
- While 偏好 is a noun, it can be used in various structures. You can say '对...有偏好' (to have a preference for...) or use it as a compound noun like '个人偏好' (personal preference). It bridges the gap between subjective feeling and objective behavior.
Using 偏好 correctly requires understanding its role as a formal noun. It is rarely used as a verb in modern Mandarin; instead, it functions as the object of a sentence or as part of a noun phrase. To express that someone prefers something, the most common structure is [Subject] + 对 + [Option] + 有 + [Adjective] + 偏好.
- Structure 1: 他对古典音乐有特别的偏好。(He has a special preference for classical music.)
- Structure 2: 这种产品的市场偏好非常明显。(The market preference for this product is very obvious.)
- Structure 3: 根据个人偏好进行选择。(Make a choice based on personal preference.)
In professional writing, 偏好 often appears in the plural or as a collective concept. When discussing data, you might refer to '消费偏好' (consumption preferences) or '审美偏好' (aesthetic preferences). It is important to note that 偏好 is neutral; it can describe a healthy choice or a biased inclination. However, in some contexts, the '偏' (partial/biased) prefix can subtly suggest a lack of objectivity, though this is usually secondary to the meaning of 'preference.'
“在招聘过程中，我们应该避免个人偏好影响决策。” (During the recruitment process, we should avoid personal preferences influencing decisions.)
When comparing 偏好 with 爱好 (àihào - hobby), remember that 爱好 is an activity you enjoy doing in your spare time (like playing soccer), whereas 偏好 is the choice you make between options (like preferring soccer over basketball). You wouldn't say 'My 偏好 is playing piano' unless you are choosing it over another instrument in a specific context.
You will encounter 偏好 in several distinct environments, primarily those involving data, analysis, or formal discussion. It is a staple of the 'News and Finance' sections of Chinese media. If you watch CCTV Finance or read Caixin, the word 偏好 appears constantly in reports about stock markets, consumer trends, and economic policy.
- 1. Business & Marketing
- Marketing managers discuss '用户偏好' (user preferences) to tailor advertisements. In a boardroom, someone might say, '我们的目标受众对移动端应用有明显的偏好' (Our target audience has a clear preference for mobile applications).
- 2. Academic & Scientific Research
- In papers regarding psychology or sociology, researchers document '性别偏好' (gender preference) or '社会偏好' (social preference). It is the standard term for 'preference' in any scientific methodology.
- 3. Formal Interviews & Surveys
- Survey questions often ask: '您对哪种支付方式有偏好？' (Which payment method do you have a preference for?). It sounds more professional than asking 'Which do you like?'.
Even advanced learners make specific errors with 偏好. The most frequent mistake is confusing it with its synonyms or using the wrong grammatical structure.
- Mispronunciation: Many students say 'piānhǎo' (3rd tone). This is incorrect. It must be piānhào (4th tone). The 4th tone indicates the act of liking or being inclined toward something.
- Confusing with 爱好 (àihào): 爱好 is a 'hobby.' You can't say 'My 偏好 is reading.' You should say 'My 爱好 is reading.' Use 偏好 when you are choosing between genres: 'I have a 偏好 for mystery novels over romance.'
- Using it as a Verb: While in English 'prefer' is a verb, 偏好 is primarily a noun in Chinese. You cannot say '我偏好苹果' (I prefer apples) as naturally as you can say '我更喜欢苹果.' Instead, use '我对苹果有偏好' or '我偏爱苹果' (where 偏爱 is the verb form).
- Redundancy: Avoid saying '特别的偏好喜欢.' Since 偏好 already implies liking, adding 喜欢 is redundant.
To master 偏好, you must distinguish it from several closely related words in the Chinese 'liking' spectrum.
- 1. 喜欢 (xǐhuan)
- The most general term for 'to like.' It is informal and can be used as a verb. It lacks the 'comparative' or 'biased' nuance of 偏好.
- 2. 爱好 (àihào)
- Specifically refers to hobbies or interests. 'My hobby is photography' = 我的爱好是摄影. You wouldn't use 偏好 here.
- 3. 偏爱 (piān'ài)
- This is the verb form of 'to prefer' or 'to show favoritism.' It often has an emotional weight, like a parent favoring one child (偏爱小儿子).
- 4. 倾向 (qīngxiàng)
- Means 'tendency' or 'inclination.' While 偏好 is about what you like, 倾向 is about where you are leaning in a decision or a trend (e.g., 政治倾向 - political inclination).
- 5. 嗜好 (shìhào)
- A much stronger word, often used for addictions or very strong, sometimes negative, habits (e.g., smoking, gambling). It translates to 'vice' or 'craving.'
In summary, use 偏好 when you want to sound professional, objective, and are discussing a choice or a pattern of selection.
How Formal Is It?
난이도
알아야 할 문법
Using '对' to introduce an object of interest.
Noun compounds in Chinese (Adjective + Noun).
The use of '更' for comparative preference.
The 4th tone rule for '好' in compound words.
Formal vs. Informal register switching.
수준별 예문
我喜欢红色的衣服。
I like red clothes.
Uses basic '喜欢' instead of '偏好'.
你喜欢茶还是咖啡？
Do you like tea or coffee?
Simple choice question.
他不喜欢运动。
He doesn't like sports.
Negative form of like.
我有很多爱好。
I have many hobbies.
Introduction to '爱好'.
这是我的个人选择。
This is my personal choice.
Simple noun '选择'.
你有什么喜欢的东西？
What things do you like?
Using '喜欢的' as an adjective.
我更喜欢夏天。
I prefer summer.
Using '更喜欢' for preference.
他喜欢吃甜的。
He likes eating sweet things.
Preference for a taste.
每个人的偏好不同。
Everyone's preferences are different.
Basic noun usage.
你对食物有什么偏好吗？
Do you have any preferences for food?
Formal question structure.
我没有特别的偏好。
I don't have a particular preference.
Common phrase '没有特别的偏好'.
这取决于你的个人偏好。
It depends on your personal preference.
Using '取决于' (depends on).
我们想了解顾客的偏好。
We want to understand customers' preferences.
Business context.
这种颜色是我的偏好。
This color is my preference.
Noun as a predicate.
请告诉我们您的偏好。
Please tell us your preferences.
Polite request.
他的偏好很奇怪。
His preferences are very strange.
Subject + adjective.
年轻人对电子产品有明显的偏好。
Young people have a clear preference for electronic products.
Structure: 对...有...偏好.
消费者的偏好正在发生变化。
Consumer preferences are changing.
Abstract noun usage.
由于个人偏好，他选择了这份工作。
Due to personal preference, he chose this job.
Using '由于' (due to) to explain a choice.
这种设计符合大众的偏好。
This design meets the public's preference.
Collocation: 符合...偏好.
我对传统的艺术形式有偏好。
I have a preference for traditional art forms.
Expressing specific taste.
市场调查显示了用户的偏好。
Market research showed the users' preferences.
Research context.
每个人都有自己的审美偏好。
Everyone has their own aesthetic preferences.
Compound noun: 审美偏好.
你应该根据偏好来安排行程。
You should arrange the itinerary based on your preferences.
Using '根据' (based on).
投资者的风险偏好会影响股市波动。
Investors' risk preferences affect stock market fluctuations.
Technical term: 风险偏好.
这种偏好反映了深层的文化价值。
This preference reflects deep cultural values.
Analyzing the cause of a preference.
品牌偏好通常是通过长期的广告建立的。
Brand preference is usually established through long-term advertising.
Passive structure with '通过'.
在没有数据支持的情况下，不要仅凭个人偏好做决定。
In the absence of data support, don't make decisions based solely on personal preference.
Complex conditional sentence.
研究发现，不同年龄段的阅读偏好差异很大。
The study found that reading preferences vary greatly across different age groups.
Comparing groups.
我们必须尊重客户的宗教和文化偏好。
We must respect the religious and cultural preferences of our clients.
Ethical/Professional context.
算法会根据你的浏览记录推断你的偏好。
Algorithms infer your preferences based on your browsing history.
Technology context.
这种偏好在某些地区尤为突出。
This preference is particularly prominent in certain regions.
Using '尤为突出' (particularly prominent).
这种偏好可能源于早期的社会化过程。
This preference may stem from early socialization processes.
Academic hypothesis.
政策制定者需要权衡不同利益群体的偏好。
Policymakers need to weigh the preferences of different interest groups.
Political/Economic context.
个体的偏好往往受到同伴压力的微妙影响。
Individual preferences are often subtly influenced by peer pressure.
Psychological nuance.
显示性偏好理论认为，行为比言语更能说明问题。
The theory of revealed preference suggests that behavior is more telling than words.
Scientific theory reference.
在多元化的社会中，偏好的冲突是不可避免的。
In a pluralistic society, conflicts of preferences are inevitable.
Sociological observation.
这种审美偏好的转变标志着一个时代的终结。
This shift in aesthetic preference marks the end of an era.
Historical analysis.
我们需要通过实验来量化受试者的偏好强度。
We need to quantify the intensity of the subjects' preferences through experiments.
Methodological precision.
该报告详细分析了不同阶层的消费偏好差异。
The report provides a detailed analysis of consumption preference differences across different social classes.
Formal reporting.
偏好的异质性是市场经济能够运作的基础。
The heterogeneity of preferences is the foundation upon which a market economy functions.
Advanced economic concept.
这种偏好被嵌入到了我们的基因和进化史中。
This preference is embedded in our genes and evolutionary history.
Biological/Evolutionary context.
所谓的‘自由意志’在很大程度上是由预设的偏好驱动的。
So-called 'free will' is to a large extent driven by preset preferences.
Philosophical inquiry.
通过操纵信息流，可以重塑大众的认知偏好。
By manipulating the flow of information, public cognitive preferences can be reshaped.
Critical analysis of media.
这种偏好不仅是心理上的，更是结构性的。
This preference is not only psychological but also structural.
Sociological depth.
他对比喻性语言的偏好使他的写作风格独树一帜。
His preference for metaphorical language makes his writing style unique.
Literary criticism.
我们需要重新审视那些被视为‘理所当然’的偏好。
We need to re-examine those preferences that are taken for granted.
Reflexive thinking.
偏好的聚合往往会导致意想不到的集体行为。
The aggregation of preferences often leads to unexpected collective behavior.
Complexity theory.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
자주 혼동되는 단어
爱好 is a hobby (activity); 偏好 is a preference (choice).
喜欢 is general and emotional; 偏好 is specific and comparative.
倾向 is a lean or trend; 偏好 is a specific liking.
관용어 및 표현
혼동하기 쉬운
문장 패턴
사용법
It's better for writing and formal speeches than casual chats.
Don't use it as a verb like 'I preference this.'
It always implies a choice between options.
- Pronouncing it as piānhǎo.
- Using it as a verb (e.g., 我偏好茶).
- Confusing it with 爱好 (hobby).
- Using it in very informal, slangy contexts.
- Forgetting the '对' in the standard structure.
팁
Use with '对'
Always remember the '对...有偏好' structure for natural sentences.
4th Tone Alert
Practice saying 'hào' sharply to distinguish it from the 3rd tone 'hǎo'.
Academic Edge
Use 偏好 in your essays to immediately elevate your writing level.
Catering to Others
Use the idiom '投其所好' when talking about making others happy.
Market Research
Learn '消费偏好' as a fixed term for business contexts.
UI Chinese
Look for 偏好 in the settings menu of Chinese apps.
Cognitive Bias
偏好 is often used when discussing how the brain makes choices.
Choose Wisely
Use 偏好 when there are clear alternatives involved.
Tone Pair
The tone pattern is High-Flat (1) then Falling (4).
Avoid Redundancy
Don't say '喜欢的偏好'—it's repetitive.
암기하기
기억법
When you have a **preference**, your heart is **slanted** (偏) towards what you **like** (好).
어원
문화적 맥락
Regional 偏好 (e.g., spicy in Sichuan, sweet in Shanghai) is a major topic of conversation.
Red is a cultural 偏好 for celebrations and luck.
Knowing someone's 偏好 is crucial for choosing the right gift.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
대화 시작하기
"你对咖啡的口味有什么特别的偏好吗？"
"在选择旅游目的地时，你的偏好是什么？"
"你觉得现在的年轻人对手机品牌有什么偏好？"
"每个人的阅读偏好都不一样，你喜欢哪种类型的书？"
"我们公司的产品应该如何迎合大众的偏好？"
일기 주제
描述一下你在饮食方面的偏好，以及这些偏好是如何形成的。
反思一下你的消费偏好：你更看重品牌还是性价比？
讨论一下你对未来职业的偏好。
你认为个人的偏好会受到社会环境的影响吗？请举例说明。
写一段关于你审美偏好的变化历程。
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문No, 偏好 is a noun. Use '偏爱' or '更喜欢' if you need a verb.
爱好 is something you do for fun (like swimming). 偏好 is what you choose (like preferring swimming over running).
Yes, it is much more formal than 喜欢.
It is '偏好设置' (piānhào shèzhì).
In the word 偏好, yes, it is always the 4th tone.
Yes, that is a perfectly correct way to start a sentence.
Yes, it is the standard term for 'preference' in psychology and economics.
Not necessarily, though the '偏' character can suggest a lack of neutrality.
It is '风险偏好,' a term used in finance.
You can say '我没有特别的偏好' (Wǒ méiyǒu tèbié de piānhào).
셀프 테스트 174 질문
/ 174 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
偏好 is the professional way to say 'preference.' Use it when discussing data, consumer trends, or personal tastes in a comparative context, and always remember the 4th tone for the second character.
- 偏好 (piānhào) is a formal noun meaning 'preference' or 'predilection.'
- It is pronounced with the 4th tone (hào), indicating a tendency or habit.
- Commonly used in business, economics, and academic research to describe choice patterns.
- Grammatically, it often follows the pattern '对...有偏好' (to have a preference for...).
Use with '对'
Always remember the '对...有偏好' structure for natural sentences.
4th Tone Alert
Practice saying 'hào' sharply to distinguish it from the 3rd tone 'hǎo'.
Academic Edge
Use 偏好 in your essays to immediately elevate your writing level.
Catering to Others
Use the idiom '投其所好' when talking about making others happy.
예시
研究显示，不同年龄段的消费者对购物平台有不同的偏好。
관련 콘텐츠
social science 관련 단어
情境
B1특정 사건을 둘러싼 상황이나 장면. 사회적 또는 언어적 맥락을 설명할 때 자주 사용됨.
分歧
B1사람, 생각, 사물 사이의 의견 차이나 불일치.
体现
B1구체적인 형태나 행동으로 나타내다. 구현하다, 체현하다.
排斥
B1누군가 또는 무언가를 밀어내거나 받아들이지 않는 것; 배제하는 것. 시스템은 유효하지 않은 입력을 거부하도록 설계되었습니다. (시스템은 유효하지 않은 입력을 거부하도록 설계되었습니다.)
机构
B11. 기관, 기구, 조직 (예: 금융기관). 2. 메커니즘, 기계의 내부 구조.
定居
B1다른 곳에서 이사한 후 특정 장소에 영구적으로 살기 위해 가는 것.
传播
B1정보, 아이디어, 문화 또는 바이러스를 넓은 지역에 퍼뜨리는 것.
