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خونریزی

B1 noun #6,000 most common 10 min read

خونریزی

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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips خونریزی in 30 Seconds

Explanation خونریزی in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that خونریزی means 'bleeding'. It is a useful word for basic health needs. You might see it in a hospital or on a first-aid kit. At this stage, don't worry about complex grammar. Just remember that 'khun' means blood. If you need to tell someone you are bleeding, you can point and say 'khunrizi'. However, most A1 learners will find the phrase خون آمدن (blood coming) easier to use in sentences. Focus on recognizing the word when you see it in a medical context. For example, if you see a sign in a pharmacy, this word might be there. It's a 'safety' word—important to know for emergencies even if you don't use it in long sentences yet. Think of it as a label for a physical state. You can practice by identifying the word in simple medical diagrams or basic health brochures. Remember, the 'khun' part is the most important clue to its meaning.

At the A2 level, you can start using خونریزی in simple sentences. You should be able to say things like 'I have bleeding' or 'The bleeding stopped'. You will learn that it is a noun and often goes with the verb داشتن (to have). You might also learn the adjective شدید (severe) to describe it. At this stage, you are likely to encounter the word in simple stories or news headlines. You can use it to describe common situations like a nosebleed (خونریزی بینی). You should also begin to notice how it's formed from two parts: 'khun' (blood) and 'rizi' (pouring). This will help you remember other Persian compound words later. Try to use it when talking about health or small accidents. For example, 'My hand has a little bleeding' (دستم کمی خونریزی دارد). It's a step up from the A1 'khun amadan' and sounds slightly more formal and precise. You should also be able to understand simple instructions like 'Stop the bleeding' in a first-aid context.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using خونریزی in both medical and more general contexts. You should understand the difference between خونریزی داخلی (internal bleeding) and خونریزی خارجی (external bleeding). You will also start to see the word used in historical contexts to mean 'bloodshed'. You should be able to follow a news report that mentions this word and understand the severity of the situation being described. At this level, you can use more complex verbs like بند آوردن (to stop bleeding) or دچار شدن (to suffer from). You can also discuss the causes and effects of bleeding in a basic way. For example, 'The accident caused severe bleeding.' You should also be aware of the register—knowing that خونریزی is more formal than خون آمدن. This is the level where you start to appreciate the word's versatility. You can use it in a journal entry about a trip to the doctor or in a short essay about a historical event. Your ability to use adjectives like مکرر (recurrent) or جزئی (slight) with this noun will show your progress.

At the B2 level, you can use خونریزی with nuance and precision. you understand its metaphorical potential in literature, such as 'the bleeding of the heart' to represent deep grief. You can participate in discussions about history or politics where the word 'bloodshed' is used to describe conflicts. You are familiar with compound verbs and complex sentence structures involving this word. For instance, you can explain medical procedures related to hemorrhage or discuss the humanitarian impact of a war's bloodshed. You should also be able to distinguish between خونریزی (the noun) and خونریز (the adjective meaning bloodthirsty). Your vocabulary should include related terms like لخته شدن (clotting) and عروق (vessels). You can read newspaper editorials that use the word to criticize violence and understand the emotional weight it carries. At B2, you are not just using the word; you are using it to convey specific tones—seriousness, tragedy, or clinical accuracy. You can also handle more abstract phrases like جلوگیری از خونریزی بیشتر (preventing further bloodshed) in a political context.

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of خونریزی and its place in Persian culture and history. You can read classical and modern literature where the word might be used in complex metaphors. You understand the historical weight of the term 'bloodshed' in the context of Iranian epics like the Shahnameh, even if the word itself has evolved. You can use the word in academic or professional settings, such as writing a medical report or a historical analysis. You are aware of rare synonyms or Arabic-derived terms like نزف and know when they are appropriate. You can use the word to discuss complex ethical issues, such as the 'cost of bloodshed' in a revolution. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker's in terms of collocation and context. You can also recognize the word in various Persian dialects or when used in poetic forms where the meter might change its emphasis. You can analyze the rhetorical use of the word in political speeches to evoke emotion or to demand action. At this stage, the word is a versatile tool in your linguistic arsenal.

At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of خونریزی. You can appreciate the finest nuances of its usage in various literary styles, from the stark realism of modern prose to the highly stylized language of classical poetry. You can use the word to create your own metaphors and sophisticated expressions. You understand the sociological and psychological implications of the word in Iranian society—how the concept of 'shedding blood' relates to concepts of honor, sacrifice, and justice. You can engage in high-level debates on history, medicine, or philosophy where this word is central. You can effortlessly switch between the clinical, the historical, and the poetic registers of the word. You also understand the etymological roots and how they relate to other Indo-European languages, providing a deep linguistic perspective. For a C2 learner, خونریزی is not just a word for bleeding; it is a cultural and historical anchor, a term that carries the weight of centuries of Persian experience. You can use it to articulate the most complex human emotions and societal conditions with absolute precision and cultural sensitivity.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

خونریزی in 30 Seconds

Khunrizi means bleeding or hemorrhage in medical terms.
It also means bloodshed or slaughter in historical contexts.
It is a compound noun: Khun (blood) + Rizi (pouring).
Commonly used with verbs like 'dashtan' (to have) and 'band amadan' (to stop).

The Persian word خونریزی (pronounced 'khun-ree-zee') is a compound noun that holds a significant place in both medical terminology and historical narrative. Etymologically, it is formed by combining the word خون (khun), meaning 'blood', with the suffix ریزی (rizi), derived from the present stem of the verb ریختن (rikhtan), which means 'to pour' or 'to shed'. Therefore, the literal translation is 'blood-pouring' or 'blood-shedding'. In a modern context, it most commonly refers to the medical condition of bleeding or hemorrhage, whether it is a minor cut on the finger or a life-threatening internal event. However, its usage extends far beyond the clinic. In literature and history, it is the standard term for 'bloodshed' or 'slaughter', describing the violent loss of life in battles or conflicts.

Medical Context: In a healthcare setting, physicians use this word to describe the escape of blood from the circulatory system. You might hear terms like خونریزی داخلی (internal bleeding) or خونریزی خارجی (external bleeding). It is a vital word for emergency situations, as being able to communicate that someone is 'bleeding' can be a matter of life and death.
Historical and Political Context: When discussing wars, revolutions, or massacres, Persian speakers use خونریزی to emphasize the human cost and the violence of the event. It carries a heavy, somber tone, often used to condemn unnecessary violence or to describe the brutality of a particular historical period.

پزشک سعی کرد خونریزی بیمار را متوقف کند.
(The doctor tried to stop the patient's bleeding.)

Understanding the nuances of خونریزی requires recognizing its gravity. Unlike the English word 'bleeding,' which can sometimes be used lightly (like 'bleeding a radiator'), the Persian term is almost always serious. It is rarely used metaphorically in casual speech, though in high literature, one might find a poet speaking of the 'bleeding of the heart' (خونریزی دل), representing profound sorrow or unrequited love. In everyday life, you will encounter this word in news reports about accidents, in medical forms, or in historical documentaries.

جنگ‌های قرن بیستم باعث خونریزی‌های فراوانی در جهان شد.
(The wars of the twentieth century caused much bloodshed in the world.)

Daily Life Examples: If you have a nosebleed, you would say خونریزی بینی. If someone is injured in a car accident, the reporter might mention خونریزی شدید (severe bleeding). In a more abstract sense, a historian might speak of a انقلاب بدون خونریزی (a bloodless revolution), which is a common phrase to describe a peaceful transition of power.

او به دلیل خونریزی مغزی در بیمارستان بستری است.
(He is hospitalized due to a brain hemorrhage.)

Finally, it is worth noting the cultural weight of the word. In Iranian culture, which has a long history of both epic poetry celebrating warriors and tragic narratives of martyrdom, the concept of 'shedding blood' is deeply evocative. This gives the word خونریزی a resonance that goes beyond its dictionary definition, touching on themes of sacrifice, tragedy, and the harsh realities of life.

Mastering the use of خونریزی involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and the specific verbs it pairs with. In Persian, nouns like this often function as the subject or object of a sentence, or as part of a compound verb construction. The most common verb used with it is داشتن (to have), as in 'to have bleeding', or کردن (to do/make), though 'کردن' is less common for the medical state and more common for the act of shedding blood.

Common Verb Pairings: To say someone is bleeding, you often use the phrase خونریزی داشتن. For example, زخم او خونریزی دارد (His wound is bleeding). To describe the act of stopping the bleeding, the verb بند آوردن is used: باید خونریزی را بند بیاوریم (We must stop the bleeding). If the bleeding stops on its own, we use بند آمدن.

بعد از عمل جراحی، خونریزی بیمار کاملاً بند آمد.
(After the surgery, the patient's bleeding completely stopped.)

When describing the intensity of the bleeding, adjectives are essential. شدید (severe/heavy) is the most frequent partner for خونریزی. A 'heavy bleeding' is خونریزی شدید, while 'slight bleeding' is خونریزی جزئی or خونریزی کم. In medical reports, you might also see خونریزی مکرر (recurrent bleeding) or خونریزی مزمن (chronic bleeding).

لطفاً اگر خونریزی شدیدتر شد، فوراً با اورژانس تماس بگیرید.
(Please, if the bleeding becomes more severe, call the emergency services immediately.)

In formal or literary writing, خونریزی can be used to describe historical events. Here, it often appears with verbs like به راه انداختن (to start/set off). For example, دیکتاتور در کشور خونریزی به راه انداخت (The dictator started a bloodshed in the country). This usage highlights the active, often cruel, nature of the act.

ما امیدواریم که این توافق‌نامه به خونریزی در منطقه پایان دهد.
(We hope that this agreement will end the bloodshed in the region.)

Using Prepositions: The preposition دچار ... شدن (to be afflicted with) is very common with medical conditions. او دچار خونریزی معده شد (He suffered a stomach hemorrhage). Also, از (from) can be used to indicate the source: خونریزی از لثه (bleeding from the gums).

استفاده بیش از حد از این دارو ممکن است باعث خونریزی شود.
(Excessive use of this medication may cause bleeding.)

By practicing these patterns, you will move from simply knowing the word to being able to use it accurately in a variety of real-world situations, from the doctor's office to a history seminar.

The word خونریزی is ubiquitous in specific domains of Persian life. Because it covers both a common medical symptom and a major historical concept, you will encounter it in diverse settings, ranging from the sterile environment of a hospital to the dramatic narration of a historical epic.

In Hospitals and Clinics: This is perhaps the most common place to hear the word today. Doctors ask patients, آیا خونریزی دارید؟ (Do you have bleeding?). Nurses report the status of a wound using this term. It is a standard part of any medical history or physical examination in Iran. In pharmacies, when buying bandages or styptic pencils, you might explain their purpose using this word.
On the Evening News: News broadcasts frequently use خونریزی when reporting on accidents or conflicts. Whether it's a report on a road collision involving injuries or a segment on international warfare, the word serves as a factual descriptor of physical trauma and human loss. The phrase خونریزی‌های گسترده (widespread bloodshed) is a common journalistic trope.

گزارش‌ها از خونریزی شدید در مناطق جنگی خبر می‌دهند.
(Reports inform of severe bloodshed in the war zones.)

In educational settings, particularly history classes, خونریزی is used to describe the nature of past regimes or specific battles. Students learn about پادشاهان خونریز (bloodthirsty kings) and the خونریزی‌های بی‌پایان (endless bloodsheds) of certain eras. This historical usage is often more evocative and carries a moral judgment against the violence being described.

تاریخ این سرزمین پر از خونریزی و فداکاری است.
(The history of this land is full of bloodshed and sacrifice.)

In Literature and Cinema: Persian cinema, especially in the drama and war genres (known as 'Sacred Defense' cinema), uses this word to create a sense of realism and emotional depth. In literature, modern novelists might use it to describe the internal 'bleeding' of a society's soul or the literal violence of a plot point. It is a word that demands the audience's attention and empathy.

در این فیلم، کارگردان تلاش کرده است تا زشتیِ خونریزی را نشان دهد.
(In this film, the director has tried to show the ugliness of bloodshed.)

Whether you are listening to a podcast about Iranian history, watching a Persian medical drama, or simply talking to a pharmacist, خونریزی is a word you will hear frequently and in contexts that are almost always high-stakes.

For English speakers learning Persian, the word خونریزی presents a few subtle challenges. While its meaning is straightforward, its grammatical application and the distinction between it and related words can sometimes lead to errors. Understanding these common pitfalls will help you sound more natural and precise.

Confusing Noun and Verb: A frequent mistake is using خونریزی as a verb. In English, we say 'He is bleeding.' In Persian, you cannot simply say او خونریزی می‌کند to mean he is currently bleeding from a small cut. While grammatically possible, it sounds overly dramatic, like he is 'performing an act of bloodshed.' Instead, use the present continuous of the verb 'to come': دارد از دستش خون می‌آید (Blood is coming from his hand) or simply خونریزی دارد.
Misusing the Word for Menstruation: While خونریزی can technically be used in a medical context regarding menstruation (e.g., 'heavy menstrual bleeding'), using it in casual conversation can sound too clinical or even alarming. Persian has specific terms like عادت ماهانه or پریود for this. Using خونریزی might make a listener think there is an emergency.

اشتباه: دستم دارد خونریزی می‌کند.
درست: از دستم دارد خون می‌آید.
(Incorrect: My hand is 'bloodshedding'. Correct: Blood is coming from my hand.)

Another common error is related to the intensity of the word. Because خونریزی translates to 'hemorrhage' in medical terms, using it for a tiny paper cut can sound exaggerated. If it's just a drop of blood, simply saying یک ذره خون آمد (a little blood came) is more appropriate. Reserve خونریزی for when the flow of blood is noticeable or concerning.

اشتباه: این یک خونریزی کوچک است.
درست: یک کمی خون آمده است.
(Usage note: Avoid using 'khunrizi' for very minor scratches.)

Confusion with 'Khun-riz': The adjective خونریز (khun-riz) means 'bloodthirsty' or 'murderous'. Students sometimes swap the noun خونریزی for the adjective. Remember: خونریزی is the event (bleeding/bloodshed), while خونریز is the person or entity causing it (e.g., حاکم خونریز - the bloodthirsty ruler).

By being mindful of these distinctions—intensity, appropriate verbs, and related adjectives—you will use خونریزی with the precision of a native speaker and avoid confusing your listeners.

While خونریزی is the primary term for bleeding, Persian offers several other words and phrases depending on the context, the amount of blood, and the level of formality. Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and allow you to express yourself more nuancedly.

1. خون آمدن (Khun Amadan): Literal: Blood coming. This is the most common way to say 'bleeding' in everyday conversation. It is neutral and suitable for everything from a scratched knee to a medical issue.
Example: از بینی‌اش خون می‌آید. (His nose is bleeding.)
2. جراحت (Jerahat): Meaning: Wound or injury. While خونریزی focuses on the blood loss, جراحت focuses on the physical damage to the tissue. You often hear them together: جراحت همراه با خونریزی (A wound accompanied by bleeding).
3. مقتله (Maqtaleh) / کشتار (Koshtar): Meaning: Slaughter or massacre. When خونریزی is used in a historical context to mean 'bloodshed', these words are strong synonyms. کشتار is more common in modern Persian, while مقتله is more archaic or literary.

به جای خونریزی در مکالمات روزمره، معمولاً از عبارت «خون آمدن» استفاده می‌شود.
(Instead of 'khunrizi' in daily conversations, the phrase 'khun amadan' is usually used.)

In a medical context, you might also encounter نزف (Nazf), which is an Arabic loanword meaning hemorrhage. While rare in common speech, it appears in older medical texts or very formal academic papers. Another specific term is هموراژی (Hemorrhage), which is a direct phonetic transliteration used by some modern Iranian doctors who have studied in Western systems.

پزشکان گاهی از واژه «هموراژی» به جای خونریزی استفاده می‌کنند.
(Doctors sometimes use the word 'hemorrhage' instead of 'khunrizi'.)

4. خون‌بار (Khun-bar): Meaning: Blood-stained or tragic. This is an adjective used to describe events that involved a lot of خونریزی. For example, یک حادثه خون‌بار (a bloody/tragic incident).

By knowing these alternatives, you can choose the word that best fits the tone of your conversation, whether you're describing a minor kitchen mishap or discussing the complexities of world history.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The suffix '-rizi' is very productive in Persian. You find it in 'آبروریزی' (losing face/honor-pouring) and 'برنامه‌ریزی' (planning/program-pouring/laying).

Pronunciation Guide

UK /xuːn.riː.ziː/

US /xuːn.riː.ziː/

The primary stress is on the last syllable '-zi'.

Rhymes With

پیروزی (Piru-zi) دیروزی (Diru-zi) بهروزی (Behru-zi) نوروزی (Nuru-zi) سوزش (partially) روزی (Ru-zi) آموزی (Amu-zi) افروزی (Afru-zi)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'kh' as a simple 'k' (it should be raspy).
Shortening the 'u' sound in 'khun'.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
Pronouncing 'ri' like the English 'ry' in 'dry'.
Confusing 'z' (ز) with 'zh' (ژ).

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'khun' (blood).

Writing 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the suffix '-rizi'.

Speaking 4/5

The 'kh' sound can be tricky for English speakers.

Listening 3/5

Clear pronunciation in formal contexts.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

خون ریختن داشتن شدید بد

Learn Next

جراحت بخیه پانسمان اورژانس متخصص

Advanced

هموستاز انعقاد ترومبوز آنوریسم هموفیلی

Grammar to Know

Compound Nouns

Khun + Rizi = Khunrizi (Blood + Pouring).

Ezafe Construction

Khunrizi-ye shadid (Severe bleeding).

Subjunctive with 'Bayad'

Bayad khunrizi ra band biavarim.

Past Participle as Adjective

Khunrizi-ye motevaghef-shode (Stopped bleeding).

Passive Voice

Khunrizi band avorde shod (The bleeding was stopped).

Examples by Level

او خونریزی دارد.

He has bleeding.

Simple subject + noun + verb 'to have'.

خونریزی بد است.

Bleeding is bad.

Noun as a subject in a simple predicate.

دستم خونریزی دارد.

My hand has bleeding.

Possessive 'am' attached to 'dast' (hand).

آیا خونریزی دارید؟

Do you have bleeding?

Question form using the verb 'dashtan'.

خونریزی را ببین.

Look at the bleeding.

Imperative verb 'bebin' (look).

این خونریزی است.

This is bleeding.

Demonstrative pronoun 'in' (this).

خونریزی کم است.

The bleeding is little.

Adjective 'kam' (little) describing the noun.

او خونریزی ندارد.

He does not have bleeding.

Negative form of 'dashtan' (nadarad).

خونریزی بینی او بند آمد.

His nosebleed stopped.

Compound noun 'khunrizi-ye bini' and verb 'band amadan'.

دکتر خونریزی را متوقف کرد.

The doctor stopped the bleeding.

Transitive verb 'motevaghef kardan' (to stop).

او خونریزی شدید داشت.

He had severe bleeding.

Adjective 'shadid' (severe) modifying the noun.

باید جلوی خونریزی را بگیریم.

We must stop the bleeding.

Modal verb 'bayad' (must) + subjunctive.

خونریزی از کجاست؟

Where is the bleeding from?

Preposition 'az' (from) + interrogative 'koja'.

او به خاطر خونریزی ضعیف شد.

He became weak because of the bleeding.

Prepositional phrase 'be khatere' (because of).

این دارو برای خونریزی خوب است.

This medicine is good for bleeding.

Preposition 'baraye' (for).

خونریزی او هنوز ادامه دارد.

His bleeding still continues.

Adverb 'hanuz' (still) + verb 'edame dashtan'.

پزشک نگران خونریزی داخلی بیمار بود.

The doctor was worried about the patient's internal bleeding.

Adjective 'dakheli' (internal) modifying the noun.

این عمل جراحی بدون هیچ خونریزی انجام شد.

This surgery was performed without any bleeding.

Preposition 'bedune' (without).

خونریزی لثه می‌تواند نشانه بیماری باشد.

Gum bleeding can be a sign of disease.

Noun-noun ezafe construction 'khunrizi-ye lasse'.

او دچار خونریزی مغزی شد و به کما رفت.

He suffered a brain hemorrhage and went into a coma.

Verb 'dochar shodan' (to suffer/be afflicted with).

جنگ باعث خونریزی‌های زیادی در منطقه شده است.

The war has caused much bloodshed in the region.

Plural form 'khunrizi-ha'.

او برای جلوگیری از خونریزی، زخم را بست.

He bandaged the wound to prevent bleeding.

Noun 'jologiri' (prevention) + 'az'.

آیا شما سابقه خونریزی معده دارید؟

Do you have a history of stomach bleeding?

Compound noun 'sabeghe-ye khunrizi'.

خونریزی او با فشار دادن زخم بند آمد.

His bleeding stopped by pressing the wound.

Gerund 'feshar dadan' (pressing) as a means.

انقلاب بدون خونریزی، آرزوی بسیاری از مردم است.

A bloodless revolution is the dream of many people.

Noun phrase as a subject.

داروهای مسکن ممکن است خطر خونریزی را افزایش دهند.

Painkillers may increase the risk of bleeding.

Noun 'khatar' (risk) in ezafe with 'khunrizi'.

تاریخ این کشور با خونریزی و خشونت گره خورده است.

The history of this country is tied to bloodshed and violence.

Passive construction 'gereh khorde ast'.

او به دلیل خونریزی مکرر بینی به متخصص مراجعه کرد.

He visited a specialist due to recurrent nosebleeds.

Adjective 'mokarrar' (recurrent).

پزشکان موفق شدند خونریزی وسیع او را کنترل کنند.

The doctors succeeded in controlling his extensive bleeding.

Adjective 'vasi' (extensive) + verb 'kontrol kardan'.

خونریزی شدید باعث افت فشار خون بیمار شد.

Severe bleeding caused a drop in the patient's blood pressure.

Noun phrase 'oft-e feshar-e khun'.

این توافق‌نامه می‌تواند به خونریزی‌های بیهوده پایان دهد.

This agreement can put an end to useless bloodshed.

Adjective 'bihude' (useless/pointless).

او در اثر خونریزی داخلی جان خود را از دست داد.

He lost his life as a result of internal bleeding.

Phrase 'dar asar-e' (as a result of).

نویسنده در کتاب خود، ابعاد روانی خونریزی‌های جنگ را بررسی می‌کند.

The author examines the psychological dimensions of war bloodshed in his book.

Complex object phrase with ezafe.

خونریزی‌های لثه ممکن است نشان‌دهنده کمبود ویتامین ث باشد.

Gum bleedings may indicate a vitamin C deficiency.

Participle 'neshan-dahande' (indicating).

سیاستمدار از خونریزی‌های احتمالی در صورت شکست مذاکرات هشدار داد.

The politician warned of potential bloodshed if negotiations failed.

Adjective 'ehtemali' (potential) + conditional 'dar surate'.

در متون قدیمی، واژه «نزف» به معنای خونریزی به کار می‌رفت.

In old texts, the word 'nazf' was used to mean bleeding.

Passive verb 'be kar miraft'.

خونریزی مغزی می‌تواند منجر به اختلالات حرکتی دائمی شود.

Brain hemorrhage can lead to permanent motor disorders.

Verb 'monjar shodan' (to lead to).

او با مهارتی بی‌نظیر، خونریزی شریانی را در میدان نبرد بند آورد.

With unparalleled skill, he stopped the arterial bleeding on the battlefield.

Adjective 'sharyani' (arterial).

این فاجعه، یکی از بزرگترین خونریزی‌های تاریخ معاصر بود.

This catastrophe was one of the greatest bloodsheds in contemporary history.

Superlative 'bozorgtarin' + plural noun.

بیماران هموفیلی با خطر جدی خونریزی‌های خودبه‌خودی مواجه هستند.

Hemophilia patients face a serious risk of spontaneous bleeding.

Compound adjective 'khod-be-khodi' (spontaneous).

شاعر با استعاره‌ای بدیع، غروب خورشید را به خونریزی آسمان تشبیه کرد.

The poet, with a novel metaphor, likened the sunset to the sky's bleeding.

Complex literary construction with 'tashbih kardan'.

تحلیلگران بر این باورند که این بحران به خونریزی‌های قومی دامن خواهد زد.

Analysts believe that this crisis will fuel ethnic bloodshed.

Idiomatic verb 'daman zadan' (to fuel/fan the flames).

خونریزی‌های ناشی از تروما، چالش اصلی در جراحی‌های اورژانسی است.

Bleeding resulting from trauma is the main challenge in emergency surgeries.

Adjective 'nashi az' (resulting from/due to).

او در رساله خود به تقابل مفهوم صلح و خونریزی در فلسفه سیاسی پرداخت.

In his treatise, he addressed the confrontation between the concepts of peace and bloodshed in political philosophy.

Noun 'taghabol' (confrontation/opposition).

بررسی‌های پاتولوژیک، منشأ خونریزی‌های گوارشی بیمار را مشخص کرد.

Pathological examinations identified the source of the patient's gastrointestinal bleeding.

Adjective 'patolozhik' and 'govareshi'.

این تراژدی نمایشی، با خونریزی‌های نمادین در صحنه آخر به اوج رسید.

This theatrical tragedy reached its climax with symbolic bloodshed in the final scene.

Adjective 'namadin' (symbolic).

عدم مدیریت بحران، کشور را به ورطه خونریزی‌های داخلی کشاند.

Lack of crisis management dragged the country into the abyss of internal bloodshed.

Noun 'varta' (abyss) in ezafe.

مکانیسم‌های فیزیولوژیک بدن برای مقابله با خونریزی بسیار پیچیده هستند.

The body's physiological mechanisms for dealing with bleeding are very complex.

Plural subject with plural verb.

Common Collocations

خونریزی شدید

خونریزی داخلی

خونریزی مغزی

بند آوردن خونریزی

خونریزی معده

خونریزی بینی

بدون خونریزی

خونریزی‌های گسترده

عامل خونریزی

خونریزی جزئی

Common Phrases

خونریزی کردن

— To bleed. Used more formally or for continuous actions.

زخم شروع به خونریزی کرد.

دچار خونریزی شدن

— To suffer from bleeding.

بیمار دچار خونریزی داخلی شد.

جلوگیری از خونریزی

— Preventing bleeding.

راهکارهایی برای جلوگیری از خونریزی.

توقف خونریزی

— Stopping of bleeding.

توقف خونریزی اولین اولویت است.

خونریزی غیرقابل کنترل

— Uncontrollable bleeding.

او دچار خونریزی غیرقابل کنترل شد.

خونریزی پس از عمل

— Post-operative bleeding.

خونریزی پس از عمل جراحی طبیعی نیست.

خونریزی مزمن

— Chronic bleeding.

او از خونریزی مزمن لثه رنج می‌برد.

خونریزی حاد

— Acute bleeding.

خونریزی حاد نیاز به درمان فوری دارد.

خونریزی خودبه‌خودی

— Spontaneous bleeding.

بیماران هموفیلی خونریزی خودبه‌خودی دارند.

پایان دادن به خونریزی

— Ending the bloodshed (often political).

آن‌ها می‌خواهند به خونریزی پایان دهند.

Often Confused With

خونریزی vs خونریز (Khunriz)

Khunriz is the adjective (bloodthirsty), while Khunrizi is the noun (bleeding).

خونریزی vs خون‌سرد (Khun-sard)

Means 'cold-blooded' or 'calm', nothing to do with physical bleeding.

خونریزی vs خون‌گرم (Khun-garm)

Means 'warm-blooded' or 'friendly'.

Idioms & Expressions

"خونریزی دل"

— Metaphorical bleeding of the heart, representing deep sadness or suffering.

از غم تو، دل در خونریزی است.

Poetic

"دستش به خونریزی آلوده است"

— His hands are stained with bloodshed (he is guilty of murder).

او دستش به خونریزی مردم آلوده است.

Literary/Political

"حمامی از خونریزی"

— A bloodbath (extremely violent event).

جنگ به حمامی از خونریزی تبدیل شد.

Journalistic

"خونریزی بی‌پایان"

— Endless bloodshed (a cycle of violence).

منطقه درگیر خونریزی بی‌پایان است.

Formal

"زخم خونریزی‌کننده"

— A bleeding wound (often used metaphorically for a societal problem).

فقر، زخم خونریزی‌کننده جامعه است.

Sociological

"دریاچه‌ای از خونریزی"

— A lake of blood (exaggeration of violence).

دشت به دریاچه‌ای از خونریزی بدل گشت.

Epic Poetry

"خونریزی قلم"

— The bleeding of the pen (suffering expressed through writing).

این اشعار، حاصل خونریزی قلم من است.

Literary

"خونریزی چشم"

— Bleeding of the eyes (crying blood, showing extreme grief).

از این مصیبت، چشم در خونریزی است.

Poetic

"خونریزی زمین"

— The bleeding of the earth (destruction of nature or war).

استخراج بی‌رویه، خونریزی زمین است.

Metaphorical

"خونریزی خاموش"

— Silent bleeding (a hidden problem or internal hemorrhage).

اعتیاد، خونریزی خاموش این نسل است.

Metaphorical

Easily Confused

خونریزی vs خونریزی

Sounds like 'Khun-riz' (bloodthirsty).

One is an event, the other is a personality trait.

Khunrizi (bleeding) vs. Hakim-e khunriz (bloodthirsty ruler).

خونریزی vs خون‌ریختن

Same roots.

Khun-rikhtan is the verb 'to shed blood', khunrizi is the noun.

U khun rikht (He shed blood).

خونریزی vs جراحت

Both related to injury.

Jerahat is the wound; khunrizi is the blood flow.

Jerahat-e bedune khunrizi (A wound without bleeding).

خونریزی vs لخته

Opposite process.

Lakhte is a clot; khunrizi is the flow.

Lakhte shodan khunrizi ra band miavarad.

خونریزی vs خون‌ریزی (with space)

Spelling variation.

In modern Persian, it's usually written as one word or with a half-space.

خونریزی vs خون‌ریزی

Sentence Patterns

[Subject] + [khunrizi] + [darad].

Dastam khunrizi darad.

[Subject] + [khunrizi-ye shadid] + [dasht].

U khunrizi-ye shadid dasht.

[Subject] + [dochar-e] + [khunrizi] + [shod].

U dochar-e khunrizi-ye dakheli shod.

[Khunrizi] + [ra] + [band avardan].

Pezeshk khunrizi ra band avard.

[Nashi az] + [khunrizi].

Marg nashi az khunrizi-ye shadid bud.

[Metaphorical Subject] + [dar khunrizi budan].

Ghalbam dar khunrizi ast.

Mixed

[Bedune] + [khunrizi].

Enghelab bedune khunrizi bud.

Mixed

[Jologiri az] + [khunrizi].

Baraye jologiri az khunrizi talash konid.

Word Family

Nouns

خون (Blood)

خونریزی (Bleeding/Bloodshed)

خونریز (Killer/Bloodletter)

خون‌آبه (Serosanguinous fluid)

Verbs

خونریزی کردن (To bleed)

خون ریختن (To shed blood)

خون آمدن (To bleed - informal)

Adjectives

خونین (Bloody)

خونریز (Bloodthirsty)

خون‌بار (Tragic/Bloody)

خونی (Bloody/Related to blood)

زخم (Wound)

پزشک (Doctor)

جنگ (War)

بیمارستان (Hospital)

اورژانس (Emergency)

How to Use It

frequency

High in medical and news domains.

Common Mistakes

Dastam khunrizi mikonad. → Dastam khunrizi darad.
In Persian, we 'have' bleeding rather than 'doing' it for small injuries.
Using 'khunrizi' for a tiny scratch. → Khun amadan.
'Khunrizi' sounds like a medical emergency or hemorrhage.
Confusing 'khunrizi' with 'khunriz'. → Khunrizi (Noun), Khunriz (Adjective).
Don't call a bleeding person 'khunriz' (bloodthirsty)!
Misspelling with 's' instead of 'z'. → Khunrizi (with ze).
The root 'rikhtan' leads to 'rizi' with a 'z'.
Using 'khunrizi' for menstrual period in casual talk. → Adat-e mahane.
It sounds too clinical and might cause alarm.

Tips

Emergency Use

In an emergency, say 'Khunrizi-ye shadid!' to indicate a life-threatening situation.

Verb Pairing

Always use 'dashtan' (to have) for the state of bleeding: 'Khunrizi daram'.

Historical Context

When reading history, 'khunrizi' usually refers to battles or massacres.

The 'Kh' Sound

Make sure your 'kh' is clear; it's a key part of the word's identity.

Spelling

Don't forget the 'i' at the end; it's what makes it a noun.

Sensitivity

The word is heavy; use it with empathy when discussing tragedies.

Synonyms

Learn 'khun amadan' for everyday life to sound more natural.

Metaphors

Look for 'khunrizi-ye del' in Persian poetry to see its emotional side.

Suffix -rizi

Learning this suffix helps you understand many other Persian nouns.

First Aid Kit

Labels on Iranian first aid kits often use this word.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Khun' as 'Coon' (like a raccoon) bleeding, and 'Rizi' as 'Riz' (like Rice) being poured. A raccoon pouring rice-sized drops of blood.

Visual Association

Imagine a red hourglass where instead of sand, blood is pouring (rizi) from the top to the bottom.

Word Web

Blood Pouring Hemorrhage War Wound Doctor Emergency Red

Challenge

Try to use 'khunrizi' in three sentences today: one about a small cut, one about a history lesson, and one about a medical emergency.

Word Origin

A compound of the Middle Persian 'xōn' (blood) and 'rēzišn' (pouring). The root of 'rizi' is the Proto-Indo-European *reik- (to reach out, pour).

Original meaning: The act of pouring or shedding blood.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Cultural Context

Be careful when using this word around sensitive topics like war or personal injury, as it can be graphic.

In English, we use 'bleeding' for everything. In Persian, 'khunrizi' is more serious/formal. Don't use it for a tiny scratch.

Shahnameh (Ferdowsi's epic) Modern Iranian War Cinema Medical textbooks at Tehran University

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

At the Hospital

خونریزی شدید دارم.
خونریزی بند نمی‌آید.
آیا خونریزی داخلی است؟
سابقه خونریزی ندارم.

History Class

خونریزی‌های جنگ جهانی.
دوران خونریزی و وحشت.
انقلاب بدون خونریزی.
پایان خونریزی‌ها.

First Aid

برای توقف خونریزی فشار دهید.
زخم را تمیز کنید.
خونریزی را کنترل کنید.
اگر خونریزی ادامه داشت...

News Report

خونریزی در مناطق مرزی.
گزارش‌های خونریزی.
تعداد کشته‌ها و خونریزی.
خونریزی وسیع.

Literature

خونریزی دل شاعر.
اشک‌های خونین.
داستان خونریزی.
استعاره از خونریزی.

Conversation Starters

"آیا تا به حال دچار خونریزی شدید شده‌اید؟ (Have you ever suffered severe bleeding?)"

"چگونه می‌توان خونریزی بینی را سریع بند آورد؟ (How can one stop a nosebleed quickly?)"

"به نظر شما چرا تاریخ بشر پر از خونریزی است؟ (Why do you think human history is full of bloodshed?)"

"در هنگام خونریزی، اولین کاری که باید انجام داد چیست؟ (What is the first thing to do during bleeding?)"

"آیا فیلمی درباره جنگ و خونریزی دیده‌اید؟ (Have you seen a movie about war and bloodshed?)"

Journal Prompts

درباره زمانی بنویسید که مجبور شدید به کسی که خونریزی داشت کمک کنید. (Write about a time you had to help someone who was bleeding.)

چرا صلح و پایان خونریزی در جهان اهمیت دارد؟ (Why is peace and ending bloodshed important in the world?)

تفاوت بین خونریزی جسمی و خونریزی روحی (استعاری) را بنویسید. (Write about the difference between physical and spiritual/metaphorical bleeding.)

اگر پزشک بودید، چگونه به بیمارانتان درباره خطرات خونریزی توضیح می‌دادید؟ (If you were a doctor, how would you explain the risks of bleeding to your patients?)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره یک انقلاب بدون خونریزی بنویسید. (Write a short story about a bloodless revolution.)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Yes, but mostly in medical contexts (e.g., 'heavy bleeding'). For daily talk, use 'period' or 'adat-e mahane'.

'Khunrizi' is more formal/medical (hemorrhage). 'Khun amadan' is casual (blood coming out).

Use 'khunrizi-ye dakheli' (خونریزی داخلی).

You can, but it sounds a bit dramatic. Better to say 'khun amadan'.

Use 'band avardan' (transitive) or 'band amadan' (intransitive).

Yes, in a historical or political context, it means 'bloodshed'.

Yes, from 'khun' (blood) and 'rizi' (pouring).

K-H-U-N-R-I-Z-I (خ-و-ن-ر-ی-ز-ی).

Yes, often metaphorically for the 'bleeding heart'.

Very common in news, medicine, and history.