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B1 noun 8 min read

کپسول

kapsul
Examples کپسول in 30 Seconds
Explanation کپسول in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know 'kapsul' as a type of medicine. Imagine you are at a doctor's office or a pharmacy. You might see a box of medicine and say 'In kapsul ast' (This is a capsule). It is a simple noun. You don't need to worry about gas cylinders yet. Just remember that it is something you swallow with water. The word is easy because it sounds like the English word 'capsule'. You can use it in simple sentences like 'Man kapsul mikhoram' (I eat/take a capsule). Focus on the sound and the basic medical meaning. It is a useful word for basic health needs.
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At the A2 level, you start to see 'kapsul' in more places. You might learn about 'kapsul-e gāz' (gas cylinder) if you are talking about camping or cooking. You can use adjectives with it, like 'kapsul-e bozorg' (big capsule) or 'kapsul-e ābi' (blue capsule). You should also know the verb 'khordan' (to eat) is used for taking medicine. You can say 'Doctor goft ruzi do tā kapsul bokhor' (The doctor said eat two capsules a day). You are beginning to understand that one word can have a few different uses in daily life, especially for household items.
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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'kapsul' in various contexts: medical, safety, and domestic. You should know 'kapsul-e ātesh-neshāni' (fire extinguisher) and why it is important to have one in a car. You can explain how to use a capsule: 'Bāyad kapsul ro bā āb qourt bedid' (You must swallow the capsule with water). You understand that 'kapsul' is a loanword from French. You can also talk about 'kapsul-e oxygen' in a hospital setting. Your vocabulary is becoming more specific, and you can distinguish between a 'ghors' (tablet) and a 'kapsul'.
At the B2 level, you can use 'kapsul' in technical and formal discussions. You might read a news article about a 'kapsul-e fazāyi' (space capsule) returning to Earth. You can discuss the materials, such as 'pusteye kapsul' (the capsule's shell). You are also aware of the social context, like the 'kapsul-e gāz' being a symbol of rural life or older infrastructure in Iran. You can use the word in complex sentences with relative clauses, such as 'Kapsuli ke diruz khordam, hāl-am ro behtar kard' (The capsule I ate yesterday made me feel better). You understand the nuances of industrial versus domestic usage.
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At the C1 level, you use 'kapsul' precisely and can appreciate its metaphorical or rare uses. You might encounter 'kapsul-e zamān' (time capsule) in a cultural essay. You can discuss the history of how French medical terms entered the Persian language. You use the word in professional settings, perhaps in a medical or engineering environment, with high accuracy. You understand subtle differences, like when to use 'makhzan' instead of 'kapsul' for large-scale storage. Your pronunciation is perfect, with the correct stress on the final syllable, and you can handle idiomatic expressions related to containment.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of the word. You can use it in academic writing or high-level technical translations. You might use it metaphorically to describe a 'capsule' of information or a highly condensed concept in a philosophical debate. You are aware of the legal and safety regulations regarding 'kapsul-e ātesh-neshāni' in Iranian law. You can navigate any conversation, from a rural kitchen discussing gas supplies to a scientific conference on aerospace engineering, using 'kapsul' and its related technical terms with absolute fluency and native-like intuition.
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Examples

کپسول in 30 Seconds

  • A small gelatin container for medicine.
  • A pressurized metal cylinder for gas.
  • A fire extinguisher unit.
  • A spacecraft's crew compartment.

The Persian word کپسول (pronounced 'kapsul') is a versatile noun that primarily refers to a small, soluble container, usually made of gelatin, used to enclose a dose of medicine. However, its usage in Iran extends far beyond the pharmacy. In the Iranian linguistic landscape, this word acts as a bridge between medicine, industrial safety, and domestic life. When you walk into a dāru-khāne (pharmacy), you use this word to distinguish between a hard tablet and a swallowable casing. But if you are in a rural area or a kitchen, it might refer to a heavy metal cylinder containing pressurized gas for cooking.

Medical Context
In healthcare, a کپسول is preferred for medications that need to be released slowly or those with a bitter taste. Doctors often prescribe them for antibiotics or vitamins. Iranians might say, 'I can't swallow pills, I prefer capsules,' though ironically, capsules are often larger.

دکتر برای عفونت من کپسول تجویز کرد.
(The doctor prescribed a capsule for my infection.)

Industrial and Safety Context
The term kapsul-e ātesh-neshāni refers to a fire extinguisher. Every public building and vehicle in Iran is required to have one. Additionally, kapsul-e gāz refers to the liquid petroleum gas (LPG) cylinders used in homes that are not connected to the national gas grid, a common sight in older neighborhoods or villages.

ما برای پخت‌وپز از کپسول گاز استفاده می‌کنیم.
(We use a gas cylinder for cooking.)

The word also appears in scientific discussions regarding space exploration. A kapsul-e fazāyi is the part of a spacecraft where astronauts live during flight. This highlights the word's core meaning: a protective, self-contained environment. Whether it is protecting a chemical compound from stomach acid or an astronaut from the vacuum of space, the concept remains consistent. Historically, the word entered Persian via French (capsule), reflecting the modernization of the Iranian medical and technical vocabulary in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

فضانوردان داخل کپسول به زمین بازگشتند.
(The astronauts returned to Earth inside the capsule.)

Metaphorical Usage
Sometimes used to describe something very compact or a condensed version of information, although 'feshorde' is more common for 'compressed'.

این هتل اتاق‌های کپسولی دارد.
(This hotel has capsule rooms.)

همیشه یک کپسول آتش‌نشانی در ماشین داشته باشید.
(Always have a fire extinguisher in the car.)

Using 'kapsul' correctly depends on identifying the category: medical, gas, or fire safety. In medical contexts, it is almost always used with the verb khordan (to eat/consume) or bal'idan (to swallow). Even though we 'take' medicine in English, in Persian, you 'eat' it. For industrial containers, you 'fill' (por kardan) or 'empty' (khāli kardan) them.

Medical Phrases
'Kapsul-e vitāmin' (Vitamin capsule), 'Kapsul-e dāru' (Medicine capsule). Example: 'Man ruzi do tā kapsul mikhoram' (I eat two capsules a day).

این کپسول را با آب زیاد بخورید.
(Eat/Take this capsule with plenty of water.)

Gas and Fuel
In many parts of Iran, the 'kapsul-e gāz' is a lifeline. You will hear people asking: 'Gāz tamum shode? Bayad kapsul ro avaz konim' (Is the gas finished? We must change the cylinder).

آیا کپسول گاز زاپاس داریم؟
(Do we have a spare gas cylinder?)

In technical or scientific writing, 'kapsul' is used with more formal verbs like partāb kardan (to launch) or istādan (to stand/rest). For example, 'Kapsul-e fazāyi dar oqyānus forud āmad' (The space capsule landed in the ocean). This formal register is found in news reports and textbooks.

پوسته کپسول از ژلاتین ساخته شده است.
(The capsule shell is made of gelatin.)

Emergency Situations
'Kapsul-e oxygen' (Oxygen tank) is vital in hospitals. You might hear: 'Bimār be kapsul-e oxygen niyāz dārad' (The patient needs an oxygen tank).

او به علت تنگی نفس از کپسول اکسیژن استفاده می‌کند.
(He uses an oxygen tank due to shortness of breath.)

تاریخ انقضای کپسول را چک کنید.
(Check the expiration date of the capsule/cylinder.)

If you are in Tehran, you will hear 'kapsul' most frequently in pharmacies and hospitals. However, as you move toward the Caspian coast or the Zagros mountains, the frequency of 'kapsul-e gāz' increases. In these regions, you might see small trucks carrying dozens of orange or gray gas cylinders, with the driver clanging a metal wrench against them to announce his arrival. This rhythmic 'clink-clink' is the sound of the 'kapsul' arriving for the week's cooking.

At the Pharmacy (Dāru-khāne)
Pharmacist: 'In dāru be surate kapsul hast' (This medicine is in capsule form). Customer: 'Kapsul-e dākheli dārid yā khāreji?' (Do you have domestic or foreign capsules?).

ببخشید، این کپسول چند میلی‌گرم است؟
(Excuse me, how many milligrams is this capsule?)

On the News
News anchors often use the word when discussing space missions by NASA or the Iranian Space Agency. 'Kapsul-e zisti' (biological capsule) is a term used when Iran sent a monkey into space.

ایران یک کپسول زیستی به فضا پرتاب کرد.
(Iran launched a biological capsule into space.)

In professional driving or safety training, you will hear 'kapsul' associated with fire safety. Driving instructors emphasize: 'Hamishe yeki dāsh-te bāshid' (Always have one). In factories, 'kapsul-e oxygen' and 'kapsul-e nitrogen' are standard terms for industrial gas storage. The word is ubiquitous in any setting involving containment and pressure.

کارگران در حال جابجایی کپسولهای گاز هستند.
(The workers are moving the gas cylinders.)

In Modern Design
Architects might talk about 'kapsul-e zamān' (time capsule) when burying artifacts for the future.

ما یک کپسول زمان در حیاط مدرسه دفن کردیم.
(We buried a time capsule in the school yard.)

One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers learning Persian is using 'kapsul' for every type of pill. In Persian, there is a clear distinction between ghors (tablet/pill) and kapsul (capsule). Using 'kapsul' when you mean a solid tablet might confuse a pharmacist. Another mistake is in the verb choice; remember that you 'eat' (khordan) medicine in Persian, not 'take' (gereftan).

Mistake: Confusion with Ghors
Incorrect: 'Man in kapsul-e sefid ro mikhoram' (while pointing to a flat tablet). Correct: 'Man in ghors-e sefid ro mikhoram'.

اشتباه نکنید، این کپسول نیست، قرص است.
(Don't make a mistake, this isn't a capsule, it's a tablet.)

Mistake: Improper Pluralization
Since it's a loanword, some learners try to use Arabic-style plurals. In Persian, always use '-hā'. 'Kapsul-hā' is the only correct plural form.

تعداد کپسولها در بسته کافی نیست.
(The number of capsules in the pack is not enough.)

Another nuance involves the word 'cylinder'. While English uses 'cylinder' for gas and 'capsule' for medicine, Persian uses 'kapsul' for both. Don't look for a different word for a gas tank in a domestic setting; 'kapsul' is the standard. However, for large industrial tanks, the word makhzan is used. Using 'kapsul' for a massive oil refinery tank would be a mistake.

این کپسول گاز برای پیکنیک مناسب است.
(This gas cylinder is suitable for a picnic.)

Pronunciation Errors
Avoid saying 'KAP-sul' with English stress. Ensure the 'u' is long and the stress is at the end: 'kap-SOOL'.

او کپسول را بدون آب قورت داد.
(He swallowed the capsule without water.)

Understanding 'kapsul' requires knowing its neighbors in the Persian lexicon. Depending on whether you are talking about health, storage, or geometry, different words might be more appropriate. Here is a comparison of synonyms and related terms.

Kapsul vs. Ghors
'Kapsul' is the gelatinous casing. 'Ghors' is a compressed powder tablet. While often used interchangeably in casual talk, they are medically distinct.
Kapsul vs. Hab
'Hab' is an archaic or traditional word for a small pill, often used in herbal medicine (Unani/Attari). You might hear 'Hab-e Jofat'. 'Kapsul' is modern.

پزشک طب سنتی به من حب گیاهی داد.
(The traditional doctor gave me herbal pills.)

Kapsul vs. Makhzan
'Kapsul' is for portable gas cylinders. 'Makhzan' is for large, stationary tanks (like a water tank or an oil reservoir).

مخزن آب روی پشت‌بام است.
(The water tank is on the roof.)

In geometry, the shape of a capsule is sometimes described as stovāne-yi (cylindrical) with rounded ends. However, 'kapsul' is used as a loanword for this specific shape in technical contexts as well. If you are describing a small container for data, like a USB drive, you would use felezh or hāfeze, never 'kapsul'.

این دارو به شکل کپسولهای کوچک است.
(This medicine is in the form of small capsules.)

Kapsul vs. Shishe
'Shishe' means glass or bottle. Liquid medicine comes in a 'shishe-ye sharbat' (syrup bottle), while dry medicine comes in a 'kapsul'.

او کپسول را از قوطی درآورد.
(He took the capsule out of the container.)

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Examples by Level

1

این کپسول است.

This is a capsule.

Simple subject + noun + verb 'to be'.

2

کپسول کجاست؟

Where is the capsule?

Interrogative sentence.

3

من کپسول می‌خورم.

I eat (take) a capsule.

Present continuous/habitual.

4

کپسول قرمز است.

The capsule is red.

Noun + adjective + verb.

5

او دو کپسول دارد.

He/she has two capsules.

Subject + number + noun.

6

کپسول کوچک است.

The capsule is small.

Simple description.

7

آیا کپسول می‌خواهی؟

Do you want a capsule?

Question with 'do you want'.

8

کپسول روی میز است.

The capsule is on the table.

Prepositional phrase.

1

دکتر به من کپسول داد.

The doctor gave me a capsule.

Past tense verb 'dādan'.

2

کپسول گاز سنگین است.

The gas cylinder is heavy.

Compound noun 'kapsul-e gāz'.

3

من باید کپسول بخورم.

I must eat (take) a capsule.

Modal 'bāyad' + subjunctive.

4

کپسول آتش‌نشانی قرمز است.

The fire extinguisher is red.

Compound noun for safety.

5

این کپسول برای درد است.

This capsule is for pain.

Preposition 'barāye'.

6

کپسول را با آب بخورید.

Eat the capsule with water.

Imperative form.

7

ما کپسول گاز نداریم.

We don't have a gas cylinder.

Negative possession.

8

کپسول‌ها در جعبه هستند.

The capsules are in the box.

Plural noun with '-hā'.

1

همیشه یک کپسول آتش‌نشانی در ماشین داشته باشید.

Always have a fire extinguisher in the car.

Adverb 'hamishe' + imperative.

2

این کپسول آنتی‌بیوتیک است.

This is an antibiotic capsule.

Specific medical terminology.

3

کپسول گاز را بیرون بگذارید.

Put the gas cylinder outside.

Object marker 'rā'.

4

او کپسول را بدون آب قورت داد.

He swallowed the capsule without water.

Preposition 'bedun-e'.

5

آیا این کپسول عوارض دارد؟

Does this capsule have side effects?

Noun 'avārez' (side effects).

6

کپسول اکسیژن برای بیمار حیاتی است.

The oxygen tank is vital for the patient.

Adjective 'hayāti' (vital).

7

قیمت کپسول گاز گران شده است.

The price of the gas cylinder has become expensive.

Present perfect tense.

8

پوسته کپسول از ژلاتین است.

The capsule shell is made of gelatin.

Ezafe construction 'pusteye kapsul'.

1

کپسول فضایی با موفقیت در اقیانوس فرود آمد.

The space capsule successfully landed in the ocean.

Adverbial phrase 'bā movafaqiyat'.

2

بیمارستان به کپسول‌های اکسیژن بیشتری نیاز دارد.

The hospital needs more oxygen tanks.

Comparative 'bishtar'.

3

قبل از استفاده، تاریخ انقضای کپسول را چک کنید.

Check the capsule's expiration date before use.

Conjunction 'qabl az'.

4

کپسول‌های قهوه برای این دستگاه مناسب هستند.

The coffee capsules are suitable for this machine.

Plural subject + plural verb.

5

او کپسول را باز کرد تا پودر داخلش را ببیند.

He opened the capsule to see the powder inside.

Purpose clause with 'tā'.

6

کپسول آتش‌نشانی باید هر سال شارژ شود.

The fire extinguisher must be recharged every year.

Passive voice 'shārj shavad'.

7

این دارو به صورت کپسول نرم تولید می‌شود.

This medicine is produced as a soft capsule.

Technical phrase 'be surate'.

8

او یک کپسول زمان برای فرزندانش ساخت.

He made a time capsule for his children.

Compound noun 'kapsul-e zamān'.

1

فضانوردان پس از شش ماه از کپسول خارج شدند.

The astronauts exited the capsule after six months.

Complex temporal phrase.

2

تکنولوژی نانو در ساخت کپسول‌های هوشمند به کار می‌رود.

Nanotechnology is used in making smart capsules.

Passive construction 'be kār miravad'.

3

کپسول‌های گاز در مناطق محروم نقش حیاتی دارند.

Gas cylinders play a vital role in underprivileged areas.

Sociopolitical context.

4

او مفاهیم پیچیده را در کپسول‌های کوتاهی ارائه داد.

He presented complex concepts in short 'capsules'.

Metaphorical usage.

5

ایمنی کپسول‌های تحت فشار باید به دقت بررسی شود.

The safety of pressurized capsules must be carefully inspected.

Formal/Technical register.

6

کپسول زیستی حاوی موجودات زنده به مدار زمین فرستاده شد.

A biological capsule containing living beings was sent to Earth's orbit.

Participial phrase 'hāvi-ye'.

7

تغییرات فشار داخل کپسول می‌تواند خطرناک باشد.

Pressure changes inside the capsule can be dangerous.

Complex subject phrase.

8

این کپسول‌ها به تدریج در معده آزاد می‌شوند.

These capsules are gradually released in the stomach.

Adverb 'be tadrij' (gradually).

1

مهندسان در حال بهینه‌سازی ساختار آیرودینامیک کپسول هستند.

Engineers are optimizing the aerodynamic structure of the capsule.

Academic/Technical vocabulary.

2

کپسول زمان به عنوان میراثی برای نسل‌های آینده دفن شد.

The time capsule was buried as a legacy for future generations.

Abstract concept 'mirās' (legacy).

3

در این مقاله، اثرات رهاسازی کنترل‌شده کپسول بررسی شده است.

In this article, the effects of controlled capsule release have been examined.

Formal research register.

4

کپسول‌های اکسیژن در ارتفاعات بالا برای کوهنوردان ضروری است.

Oxygen tanks are essential for climbers at high altitudes.

Specific environmental context.

5

فرایند کپسوله‌سازی برای محافظت از مواد حساس استفاده می‌شود.

The encapsulation process is used to protect sensitive materials.

Derivative 'kapsule-sāzi'.

6

نشت گاز از کپسول می‌تواند منجر به فاجعه‌ای جبران‌ناپذیر شود.

Gas leakage from the cylinder can lead to an irreparable catastrophe.

High-level vocabulary 'fāje'e' and 'jobrān-nāpazir'.

7

کپسول‌های زیست‌تخریب‌پذیر گزینه‌ای عالی برای محیط زیست هستند.

Biodegradable capsules are an excellent option for the environment.

Compound adjective 'zist-takhrib-pazir'.

8

او تمام خاطراتش را در کپسولی از تنهایی حبس کرده بود.

He had imprisoned all his memories in a capsule of loneliness.

Literary/Metaphorical usage.

Common Collocations

کپسول خوردن
کپسول گاز
کپسول آتش‌نشانی
کپسول اکسیژن
کپسول فضایی
کپسول زمان
کپسول آنتی‌بیوتیک
پوسته کپسول
کپسول قهوه
شارژ کپسول

Common Phrases

کپسول را قورت دادن

— To swallow the capsule.

قورت دادن این کپسول سخت است.

تعویض کپسول گاز

— Changing the gas cylinder.

امروز نوبت تعویض کپسول گاز است.

کپسول زیرزبانی

— Sublingual capsule (though 'ghors' is more common here).

او کپسول زیرزبانی استفاده کرد.

کپسول خالی

— An empty capsule shell.

کپسول‌های خالی را می‌توان پر کرد.

کپسول هوا

— Air tank (for diving).

غواص کپسول هوا دارد.

کپسول ضد‌درد

— Painkiller capsule.

کپسول ضد‌درد خوردی؟

کپسول مولتی‌ویتامین

— Multivitamin capsule.

هر صبح یک کپسول مولتی‌ویتامین می‌خورم.

کپسول نجات

— Escape capsule.

کشتی کپسول نجات دارد.

کپسول ژلاتینی

— Gelatin capsule.

این کپسول ژلاتینی است.

کپسول یکبار مصرف

— Disposable capsule.

این کپسول‌ها یکبار مصرف هستند.

Idioms & Expressions

"مثل کپسول"

— Compact and full of energy or information.

او مثل کپسول انرژی است.

Informal
"کپسول اطلاعات"

— A person who knows a lot in a small package.

او یک کپسول اطلاعات واقعی است.

Neutral
"در کپسول بودن"

— To be isolated or in a controlled environment.

انگار در کپسول زندگی می‌کند.

Metaphorical
"کپسول زمان بودن"
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