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A1 noun #2,000 most common 12 min read

ترس

tars
Practice it Examples Notes & Tips ترس in 30 Seconds
Explanation ترس in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are introduced to the word 'ترس' (tars) as a fundamental vocabulary item for expressing basic human emotions and states of being. The primary goal at this stage is to recognize the word and understand its direct translation as 'fear'. Learners will practice using 'ترس' in very simple, declarative sentences, such as 'من ترس دارم' (I have fear / I am afraid) or identifying it in basic texts. The focus is on the noun form and its most common preposition pairing, 'از' (az - from/of). For instance, learning to say 'ترس از سگ' (fear of dogs) or 'ترس از تاریکی' (fear of the dark). At this level, the grammatical complexity is kept to a minimum. Students are not expected to use complex compound verbs or abstract literary forms. Instead, the emphasis is on immediate, practical communication. If a learner feels unsafe or wants to express that a situation is scary, knowing the root word 'ترس' is essential. It also serves as a stepping stone to learning the adjective 'ترسناک' (tarsnak - scary), which is highly useful for describing movies, animals, or situations. Teachers at the A1 level will often use visual aids, such as pictures of frightened faces or spooky situations, to cement the association between the concept of fear and the word 'ترس'. Repetition and simple substitution drills (changing the object of fear) are common pedagogical strategies. By the end of the A1 level, a student should confidently comprehend 'ترس' when spoken slowly and clearly, and be able to use it to express their own basic fears or recognize when someone else is expressing fear.
As learners progress to the A2 level, their interaction with the word 'ترس' (tars) becomes more dynamic and contextually varied. While A1 focused on simple identification and basic statements, A2 requires learners to use 'ترس' in short narratives and descriptions of past events or future worries. Students will learn to conjugate the related verb 'ترسیدن' (tarsidan - to fear) in the present and simple past tenses, distinguishing clearly between the noun 'ترس' and the verb. For example, moving from 'من ترس دارم' (I have fear) to 'من دیروز ترسیدم' (I was afraid yesterday). At this stage, learners are introduced to common collocations and everyday phrases, such as 'ترس و لرز' (fear and trembling) or 'از ترس' (out of fear). They will practice constructing sentences like 'او از ترس فرار کرد' (He ran away out of fear). The vocabulary surrounding 'ترس' expands to include basic modifiers, using the Ezafe to say things like 'ترس بزرگ' (big fear) or 'ترس واقعی' (real fear). In terms of comprehension, A2 learners will encounter 'ترس' in short stories, simplified news items, and daily conversations about common anxieties like exams, health, or travel. They will learn to ask questions about fear, such as 'آیا تو ترس داری؟' (Do you have fear?) or 'چرا ترسیدی؟' (Why were you afraid?). The goal is to integrate 'ترس' into a broader emotional vocabulary, allowing students to express empathy and understand the feelings of others in routine social interactions. The focus shifts from isolated vocabulary memorization to functional, conversational usage.
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At the B1 level, the usage of 'ترس' (tars) transitions from basic emotional expression to more abstract and nuanced discussions. Learners are now expected to articulate the causes, consequences, and management of fear. The vocabulary expands significantly to include synonyms like 'وحشت' (vahshat - terror) and 'اضطراب' (ezterab - anxiety), and students must learn to differentiate between these terms based on intensity and context. Grammatically, B1 learners will use 'ترس' in complex sentences involving subordinate clauses, such as 'من فکر می‌کنم که ترس او منطقی است' (I think that his fear is logical) or 'با وجود ترس، او به راهش ادامه داد' (Despite the fear, he continued on his way). They will encounter and actively use compound verbs like 'ایجاد ترس کردن' (to create fear) or 'بر ترس غلبه کردن' (to overcome fear). In reading and listening, students will engage with authentic materials like news reports discussing public fears (e.g., economic fears, fear of disease) and opinion pieces. They will be able to follow the main points of a clear standard speech where 'ترس' is a central theme. Writing tasks will involve expressing personal opinions on abstract topics, such as the role of fear in society or personal essays about overcoming a specific 'ترس'. The B1 learner uses 'ترس' not just to say 'I am scared', but to analyze why people are scared and how fear impacts behavior, demonstrating a solid intermediate grasp of both the language and the cultural expressions of emotion.
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Reaching the B2 level signifies a high degree of fluency and the ability to use 'ترس' (tars) in sophisticated, abstract, and professional contexts. Learners at this stage can effortlessly navigate the nuances between 'ترس', 'هراس' (dread), 'بیم' (concern), and 'دلهره' (apprehension). They understand and utilize idiomatic expressions and proverbs related to fear naturally in conversation. Grammatically, they can manipulate the word in passive structures and complex conditional sentences, such as 'اگر ترس از مجازات نبود، جرم بیشتر می‌شد' (If there were no fear of punishment, crime would be higher). B2 students engage with complex texts, including modern literature, psychological articles, and political commentary, where 'ترس' is used to manipulate, motivate, or explain societal trends. They can write detailed essays, reports, and reviews analyzing the theme of fear in a movie or a book, using advanced collocations like 'ترس نهادینه شده' (institutionalized fear) or 'ترس فلج‌کننده' (paralyzing fear). In spoken Persian, they can participate actively in debates, defending their viewpoints on controversial topics where fear plays a role, such as security versus privacy. They can express subtle degrees of emotion and understand the implicit cultural connotations of fear in Iranian society. The B2 learner treats 'ترس' as a versatile tool for advanced communication, capable of expressing both deeply personal psychological states and broad sociological observations with accuracy and native-like phrasing.
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At the C1 level, the learner's command of 'ترس' (tars) is near-native, characterized by a deep understanding of its literary, academic, and historical dimensions. Students can comprehend complex, extended speech and texts even when the use of 'ترس' is highly abstract or metaphorical. They are comfortable reading classical Persian poetry (like Rumi or Hafez) where 'ترس' is juxtaposed with spiritual love or divine awe, understanding the archaic or specialized nuances of the word in these contexts. In academic and professional spheres, C1 learners can deliver clear, well-structured presentations on complex subjects, such as the psychological mechanisms of fear or the sociology of fear-mongering in media, using precise terminology. They can write extensively and articulately, employing a wide range of rhetorical devices. They seamlessly use advanced compound structures and idiomatic phrases, such as 'ترس به دل کسی انداختن' (to strike fear into someone's heart) or 'از ترس قالب تهی کردن' (to be scared to death/literally: to empty one's form out of fear). The distinction between subtle synonyms is intuitive, and they can play with the language, creating their own metaphors involving fear. Errors in preposition usage or syntax related to 'ترس' are virtually non-existent. The C1 learner appreciates the aesthetic and emotional weight of the word, using it to persuade, entertain, or deeply analyze complex human conditions in any social or professional setting.
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The C2 level represents absolute mastery of the Persian language, and the use of 'ترس' (tars) reflects this profound competence. A C2 learner understands every subtle nuance, historical shift in meaning, and regional variation associated with the concept of fear in Persian. They can effortlessly summarize information from highly demanding spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts regarding 'ترس' in a coherent and culturally resonant presentation. Whether reading a dense philosophical treatise on existential dread or a highly stylized piece of contemporary avant-garde literature, the C2 learner grasps the exact shade of meaning intended by the author. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently, and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations. They can critique the use of fear in political rhetoric or analyze the linguistic evolution of fear-related vocabulary from Middle Persian to modern Farsi. At this level, the learner can write compelling, authoritative texts—such as academic papers, literary critiques, or evocative creative writing—where 'ترس' is explored with the sophistication of a highly educated native speaker. They command the entire semantic field of fear, effortlessly drawing upon obscure synonyms, classical references, and complex grammatical structures to articulate thoughts with elegance, precision, and profound cultural insight.
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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

ترس in 30 Seconds

  • Means 'fear' or 'dread' in English.
  • Used with the preposition 'از' (az).
  • Root of words like 'ترسناک' (scary).
  • A core A1 vocabulary word.
The Persian word 'ترس' (tars) translates directly to 'fear' or 'dread' in English. It is a fundamental noun in the Persian language used to describe the universal human emotion of being afraid, anxious, or terrified of a specific threat, danger, or unknown outcome. Understanding 'ترس' is crucial for learners as it forms the root of many other essential words, such as the verb 'ترسیدن' (tarsidan - to fear) and the adjective 'ترسناک' (tarsnak - scary). In psychological and everyday contexts, 'ترس' represents both rational survival instincts and irrational phobias. The concept of fear is deeply woven into human history, literature, and daily communication. When you express 'ترس' in Persian, you are conveying a state of vulnerability or heightened awareness. This word is categorized at the CEFR A1 level because expressing basic emotions is one of the first communicative goals for any language learner. You will encounter this word in children's stories, daily news, casual conversations, and dramatic films. The anatomy of the word is simple, consisting of three letters: ت (te), ر (re), and س (sin). Despite its simplicity, its emotional weight is immense.
Etymological Root
Derived from Middle Persian, maintaining its core meaning throughout centuries of linguistic evolution.

Sentence ترس برادر مرگ است (Fear is the brother of death).

The usage of 'ترس' extends beyond literal physical danger. It encompasses social anxieties, fear of failure, and existential dread. In Persian poetry, 'ترس' is often contrasted with 'عشق' (eshgh - love) or 'شجاعت' (shoja'at - bravery). Poets like Rumi and Hafez frequently discuss overcoming 'ترس' to achieve spiritual enlightenment.
Psychological Context
Used in clinical settings to describe anxiety disorders and phobias.

Sentence من هیچ ترسی ندارم (I have no fear).

When learning 'ترس', it is helpful to memorize its collocations. For example, 'ایجاد ترس' means 'creating fear', and 'غلبه بر ترس' means 'overcoming fear'. These combinations are highly frequent in both spoken and written Persian.
Societal Impact
Fear can be a tool for control or a catalyst for protective societal measures.

Sentence ترس از تاریکی در کودکان شایع است (Fear of darkness is common in children).

Furthermore, the word 'ترس' can take various suffixes to create new meanings. Adding '-و' creates 'ترسو' (tarsoo), meaning a coward or someone who is easily frightened. This demonstrates the morphological flexibility of Persian nouns.

Sentence او با ترس به جلو نگاه کرد (He looked forward with fear).

In modern media, 'ترس' is a keyword in genres like horror ('فیلم ترسناک' - horror movie). The cultural perception of fear in Iran is similar to global perspectives, though certain cultural superstitions may introduce unique fears.

Sentence ترس او کاملا منطقی بود (His fear was completely logical).

Ultimately, mastering the word 'ترس' and its associated vocabulary will significantly enhance your ability to express feelings, narrate stories, and empathize with others in Persian. It is a foundational building block for emotional literacy in the language.
Using the word 'ترس' (tars) correctly in Persian involves understanding its grammatical function as a noun and its relationship with surrounding verbs and prepositions. The most critical grammatical rule to remember is that 'ترس' is almost always followed by the preposition 'از' (az), which translates to 'from' or 'of'. When you want to say 'fear of the dark', you say 'ترس از تاریکی' (tars az tariki). This structure is rigid and applies across all contexts, whether you are talking about fear of heights, fear of spiders, or fear of failure.
Basic Syntax
Noun (ترس) + Preposition (از) + Object of Fear.

Sentence ترس از ارتفاع او را فلج کرد (Fear of heights paralyzed him).

In addition to its use with prepositions, 'ترس' frequently pairs with specific verbs to form compound expressions. The most common is 'ترس داشتن' (tars dashtan), which literally means 'to have fear'. For example, 'من ترس دارم' (man tars daram) means 'I am afraid' or 'I have fear'. Another common verb is 'ریختن' (rikhtan - to pour/drop), used in the idiom 'ترسش ریخت' (tarsash rikht), meaning 'his/her fear disappeared' or 'they lost their fear'.
Compound Verbs
Combining 'ترس' with verbs like 'خوردن' or 'داشتن' changes the nuance of the emotion.

Sentence با دیدن پلیس، ترس به جانش افتاد (Seeing the police, fear fell into his soul).

When modifying 'ترس' with adjectives, the adjective follows the noun and is connected by the Ezafe particle (an unstressed 'e' or 'ye' sound). For instance, 'ترس بزرگ' (tars-e bozorg) means 'great fear', and 'ترس پنهان' (tars-e penhan) means 'hidden fear'. This follows standard Persian noun-adjective modification rules.
Adjectival Modification
Use the Ezafe to attach descriptive words to 'ترس', enriching the emotional description.

Sentence یک ترس عمیق در چشمانش بود (There was a deep fear in his eyes).

In formal writing, you might encounter 'ترس' used in more complex syntactic structures, such as 'به دلیل ترس از...' (be dalil-e tars az...), meaning 'due to the fear of...'. This is highly useful for explaining motivations or causes in essays and reports.

Sentence او به دلیل ترس از شکست، تسلیم شد (He gave up due to fear of failure).

It is also important to distinguish between the noun 'ترس' and the verb stem. While 'ترس' is the noun, 'می‌ترسم' (mitarsam) is the conjugated verb meaning 'I fear' or 'I am afraid'. Beginners often confuse the two, trying to use the noun as a verb. Always ensure you are using the correct part of speech.

Sentence ترس مانع پیشرفت است (Fear is an obstacle to progress).

By practicing these structures—noun + preposition, compound verbs, and Ezafe modifications—you will be able to articulate a wide range of fearful emotions and situations accurately and naturally in Persian.
The word 'ترس' (tars) is ubiquitous in the Persian language, echoing through various facets of daily life, media, literature, and specialized fields. As an A1 level word, it is inescapable. In everyday conversation, you will hear it among friends and family discussing their worries, anxieties, or reactions to startling events. A mother might talk about her child's 'ترس از سگ' (fear of dogs), or a student might express their 'ترس از امتحان' (fear of exams). These casual contexts make 'ترس' one of the most frequently spoken nouns related to emotion.
Everyday Conversations
Used daily to express personal boundaries, anxieties, and reactions to the environment.

Sentence گربه از روی ترس فرار کرد (The cat ran away out of fear).

In the realm of media and entertainment, 'ترس' is a prominent keyword. If you are browsing a Persian streaming service, you will see the category 'فیلم‌های ترسناک' (scary movies/horror films). Movie reviews and discussions heavily feature the word to describe the atmosphere or the audience's reaction. Furthermore, in news broadcasts, journalists use 'ترس' to describe public sentiment during times of economic instability, natural disasters, or health crises, such as 'ترس از تورم' (fear of inflation) or 'ترس از زلزله' (fear of earthquakes).
News and Media
A critical vocabulary word for understanding public sentiment and dramatic narratives.

Sentence اخبار باعث ایجاد ترس در مردم شد (The news caused fear among the people).

Persian literature, both classical and modern, is rich with explorations of 'ترس'. Classical poets like Ferdowsi in the Shahnameh describe the 'ترس' of warriors facing mythical beasts, while modern novelists delve into the psychological 'ترس' of characters navigating complex social landscapes. Reading Persian literature will expose you to elegant and nuanced applications of the word, often paired with vivid imagery.
Literature and Poetry
Employed to explore the depths of human vulnerability and the contrast with heroism.

Sentence در دل شب، ترس بر او غلبه کرد (In the dead of night, fear overcame him).

In professional and academic settings, particularly in psychology and sociology, 'ترس' is discussed analytically. Psychologists talk about 'مدیریت ترس' (fear management) and 'اختلالات مرتبط با ترس' (fear-related disorders). Even in business, one might hear about 'ترس از ریسک' (fear of risk) in investment contexts.

Sentence روانشناس در مورد ریشه‌های ترس صحبت کرد (The psychologist spoke about the roots of fear).

Finally, you will hear 'ترس' in idiomatic expressions and proverbs. The cultural wisdom of Iran often addresses fear, advising against letting it rule one's life. Recognizing the word in these varied environments—from the casual to the clinical, from the poetic to the pragmatic—will provide a comprehensive understanding of its weight and utility in the Persian language.
When learning the Persian word 'ترس' (tars), students frequently encounter a few specific stumbling blocks, primarily related to syntax, preposition usage, and distinguishing between the noun and its related verb forms. The most prevalent mistake is using the incorrect preposition. In English, we say 'fear OF something', which might tempt a learner to use 'ترسِ' (tars-e) directly linked to the object, or use the preposition 'برای' (baraye - for). However, in Persian, the correct preposition is invariably 'از' (az - from). Saying 'ترس تاریکی' without the preposition, or 'ترس برای تاریکی', sounds unnatural and grammatically incorrect.
Preposition Error
Incorrectly translating 'fear of' without using the mandatory Persian preposition 'از'.

Sentence ترس از عنکبوت (Fear of spiders) - Correct usage.

Another common error is confusing the noun 'ترس' with the verb 'ترسیدن' (tarsidan - to fear) or its conjugated forms like 'می‌ترسم' (mitarsam - I am afraid). A beginner might try to say 'I fear the dog' by saying 'من ترس سگ' (man tars sag), which literally means 'I fear dog' but uses the noun instead of the verb. The correct phrasing would be 'من از سگ می‌ترسم' (man az sag mitarsam). Understanding part of speech is vital.
Noun vs. Verb Confusion
Using the noun 'ترس' when the conjugated verb 'می‌ترسم' is required by the sentence structure.

Sentence این ترس طبیعی است (This fear is natural) - Using the noun correctly as the subject.

Learners also sometimes struggle with the pronunciation, specifically the consonant cluster at the end. While 'tars' is relatively easy for English speakers, when suffixes are added, the stress and syllable boundaries change. For example, in 'ترسناک' (tarsnak - scary), the stress falls on the final syllable. Misplacing the stress can make the word harder for native speakers to understand immediately.
Pronunciation and Stress
Failing to shift the stress to the correct syllable when suffixes are added to the root word.

Sentence او با ترس و لرز صحبت کرد (He spoke with fear and trembling).

Additionally, there is a tendency to overuse 'ترس' when other, more nuanced words might be appropriate. While 'ترس' is a great catch-all term, Persian has specific words for anxiety (اضطراب - ezterab), panic (هراس - haras), and phobia (فوبیا - fobia). Using 'ترس' for a mild worry might overstate the emotion.

Sentence ترس او بی‌مورد بود (His fear was unjustified).

Finally, learners sometimes forget the Ezafe when connecting 'ترس' to an adjective. Saying 'ترس بزرگ' (tars bozorg) without the connecting 'e' sound (tars-e bozorg) is grammatically incomplete.

Sentence یک ترس پنهان در صدای او بود (There was a hidden fear in his voice).

By paying attention to prepositions, distinguishing nouns from verbs, mastering pronunciation with suffixes, expanding vocabulary for nuance, and remembering the Ezafe, learners can avoid these common pitfalls and use 'ترس' flawlessly.
The Persian language offers a rich tapestry of vocabulary to express various shades and intensities of fear, anxiety, and apprehension. While 'ترس' (tars) is the most common and versatile word for fear, understanding its synonyms and related terms allows for much greater precision and fluency. One of the most common synonyms is 'وحشت' (vahshat). While 'ترس' can be mild or severe, 'وحشت' specifically denotes terror, horror, or extreme panic. You would use 'وحشت' to describe the feeling during a catastrophic event or a severe nightmare.
وحشت (Vahshat)
Extreme fear, terror, or horror. Used for intense, overwhelming situations.

Sentence او از ترس فریاد زد (He screamed out of fear).

Another related word is 'هراس' (haras). This word often implies a sense of dread, panic, or a sudden, unsettling fear. It is frequently used in literary contexts or formal speech. For example, 'هراس از آینده' (dread of the future) carries a more existential or profound weight than simply 'ترس از آینده'.
هراس (Haras)
Dread, panic, or deep apprehension. Often has a formal or literary tone.

Sentence هیچ جای ترس نیست (There is no room for fear).

For anxiety or a lingering sense of unease, the word 'اضطراب' (ezterab) is used. Unlike 'ترس', which is usually directed at a specific object or event, 'اضطراب' is a generalized feeling of nervousness or worry, much like the clinical definition of anxiety. 'دلهره' (delhoreh) is another excellent word, translating roughly to 'butterflies in the stomach' or a sense of foreboding apprehension.
اضطراب و دلهره (Ezterab & Delhoreh)
Anxiety and apprehension. Used for lingering worry rather than acute fear.

Sentence ترس او را از حرکت بازداشت (Fear stopped him from moving).

We also have 'بیم' (bim), which means fear or concern, often used in formal contexts or compound words like 'بیمناک' (bimnak - fearful). 'خوف' (khof) is an Arabic loanword used in Persian, often carrying a religious or deeply respectful connotation of fear, such as the fear of God.

Sentence ترس از ناشناخته‌ها همیشه وجود دارد (Fear of the unknown always exists).

Understanding these distinctions is crucial for advancing beyond the A1 level. While 'ترس' will serve you well in almost any situation, knowing when to deploy 'وحشت' for terror, 'اضطراب' for anxiety, or 'دلهره' for apprehension will make your Persian sound much more native, nuanced, and expressive.

Sentence او با ترس به تاریکی خیره شد (He stared into the darkness with fear).

By building a mental map of these similar words and their specific intensities and contexts, you enrich your emotional vocabulary and improve your overall comprehension of Persian media and literature.

How Formal Is It?

Difficulty Rating

Grammar to Know

Noun-Preposition Collocations (ترس + از)

Ezafe construction for adjectives (ترسِ بزرگ)

Compound Verbs with Nouns (ترس داشتن)

Forming Adjectives from Nouns (ترس + ناک)

Pluralizing abstract nouns (ترس‌ها)

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Examples by Level

1

من ترس دارم.

I have fear (I am afraid).

Basic subject + noun + verb structure.

2

ترس بد است.

Fear is bad.

Noun used as the subject of a simple sentence.

3

او ترس از سگ دارد.

He has a fear of dogs.

Using 'از' (from/of) to link fear to its object.

4

این ترسناک است.

This is scary.

Adjective form derived from the noun.

5

من هیچ ترسی ندارم.

I have no fear.

Negative form using 'هیچ' (no/none) and 'ی' suffix.

6

ترس از تاریکی.

Fear of the dark.

Common noun phrase.

7

چرا ترس داری؟

Why do you have fear?

Simple question formation.

8

ترس من بزرگ است.

My fear is big.

Noun with a possessive pronoun and adjective.

1

دیروز از ترس فرار کردم.

Yesterday I ran away out of fear.

Using 'از ترس' as an adverbial phrase of reason.

2

ترس او از امتحان طبیعی است.

His fear of the exam is natural.

Connecting multiple nouns with Ezafe.

3

با ترس به اتاق رفت.

He went to the room with fear.

Using 'با' (with) to show manner.

4

ترس باعث شد گریه کند.

Fear caused him to cry.

Noun as the subject causing an action.

5

ما باید بر ترس پیروز شویم.

We must win over (overcome) fear.

Using preposition 'بر' (on/over) with victory.

6

صدای او پر از ترس بود.

His voice was full of fear.

Phrase 'پر از' (full of).

7

ترس از ارتفاع خیلی شایع است.

Fear of heights is very common.

Describing a specific type of fear.

8

آیا ترس شما کمتر شد؟

Did your fear become less?

Comparative adjective with the noun.

1

غلبه بر ترس نیاز به شجاعت دارد.

Overcoming fear requires courage.

Verbal noun phrase as subject.

2

اخبار بد باعث ایجاد ترس در جامعه می‌شود.

Bad news causes the creation of fear in society.

Complex compound verb 'ایجاد ترس کردن'.

3

او سعی کرد ترس خود را پنهان کند.

He tried to hide his fear.

Infinitive clause as the object of 'سعی کرد'.

4

ترس از شکست مانع موفقیت است.

Fear of failure is an obstacle to success.

Abstract concepts linked with Ezafe.

5

با وجود ترس شدید، او وارد غار شد.

Despite intense fear, he entered the cave.

Prepositional phrase 'با وجود' (despite).

6

روانشناسان در مورد ریشه‌های ترس تحقیق می‌کنند.

Psychologists research the roots of fear.

Plural nouns and academic context.

7

ترس یک واکنش دفاعی بدن است.

Fear is a defensive reaction of the body.

Defining a concept using descriptive adjectives.

8

کودکان اغلب ترس‌های غیرمنطقی دارند.

Children often have illogical fears.

Plural form 'ترس‌ها' with adjectives.

1

ترس نهادینه شده در فرهنگ می‌تواند مانع پیشرفت شود.

Institutionalized fear in a culture can hinder progress.

Past participle used as an adjective 'نهادینه شده'.

2

سیاستمداران گاهی از ترس برای کنترل افکار عمومی استفاده می‌کنند.

Politicians sometimes use fear to control public opinion.

Complex sentence discussing societal themes.

3

مدیریت ترس در شرایط بحرانی یک مهارت حیاتی است.

Fear management in crisis situations is a vital skill.

Compound noun 'مدیریت ترس'.

4

ترس مرضی او از فضای بسته نیاز به درمان دارد.

His pathological fear of enclosed spaces needs treatment.

Medical/psychological terminology 'ترس مرضی'.

5

اگر ترس از عواقب نبود، تصمیم دیگری می‌گرفت.

If it weren't for the fear of consequences, he would have made a different decision.

Type 2/3 conditional sentence.

6

ادبیات گوتیک به شدت بر القای حس ترس تکیه دارد.

Gothic literature relies heavily on inducing a sense of fear.

Formal vocabulary 'القای حس'.

7

ترس و اضطراب مزمن سیستم ایمنی را ضعیف می‌کند.

Chronic fear and anxiety weaken the immune system.

Pairing synonyms and discussing scientific facts.

8

او با ترسی آمیخته به احترام به استاد نگاه کرد.

He looked at the master with a fear mixed with respect.

Complex adjectival phrase 'آمیخته به'.

1

درمان‌های شناختی-رفتاری برای تقلیل ترس‌های فوبیک بسیار موثرند.

Cognitive-behavioral therapies are highly effective for reducing phobic fears.

Highly specialized academic vocabulary.

2

ترسیم فضای رعب و ترس در این رمان، شاهکار نویسنده است.

The depiction of an atmosphere of terror and fear in this novel is the author's masterpiece.

Literary critique phrasing.

3

ترس وجودی از نیستی، بن‌مایه بسیاری از مکاتب فلسفی است.

The existential fear of nothingness is the foundation of many philosophical schools.

Philosophical terminology 'ترس وجودی'.

4

رسانه‌ها با دامن زدن به ترس‌های واهی، افکار عمومی را منحرف می‌کنند.

The media, by stoking unfounded fears, distracts public opinion.

Idiomatic expression 'دامن زدن به'.

5

غلبه بر این ترس مستلزم یک دگردیسی درونی و عمیق است.

Overcoming this fear necessitates a deep, internal metamorphosis.

Advanced vocabulary 'مستلزم' and 'دگردیسی'.

6

ترس از طرد شدگی اجتماعی، محرک پنهان بسیاری از رفتارهای هنجارپذیر است.

The fear of social rejection is the hidden motive for many conforming behaviors.

Sociological analysis phrasing.

7

در این شرایط ملتهب، هرگونه تصمیم‌گیری مبتنی بر ترس، عواقب وخیمی در پی خواهد داشت.

In this volatile situation, any decision-making based on fear will entail dire consequences.

Formal, cautionary tone with complex syntax.

8

عارفان بر این باورند که با تجلی عشق الهی، هرگونه ترس دنیوی رنگ می‌بازد.

Mystics believe that with the manifestation of divine love, any worldly fear fades away.

Mystical/poetic vocabulary 'تجلی' and 'رنگ می‌بازد'.

1

مفهوم ترس در اندیشه کیرکگور، نه یک ضعف روانشناختی، بلکه پیش‌شرط بیداری اگزیستانسیال است.

The concept of fear in Kierkegaard's thought is not a psychological weakness, but a prerequisite for existential awakening.

Academic philosophical discourse.

2

هژمونی حاکم با بازتولید مداوم ترس، ساختارهای سلطه خود را تحکیم می‌بخشد.

The ruling hegemony, through the continuous reproduction of fear, consolidates its structures of domination.

Advanced political science terminology.

3

واکاوی ریشه‌های اسطوره‌ای ترس در شاهنامه، پرده از ناخودآگاه جمعی ایرانیان برمی‌دارد.

Analyzing the mythological roots of fear in the Shahnameh unveils the collective unconscious of Iranians.

Literary analysis and psychoanalytic terms.

4

در پارادایم نئولیبرالیسم، ترس از ناامنی اقتصادی به عنوان ابزاری برای انقیاد نیروی کار عمل می‌کند.

In the paradigm of neoliberalism, the fear of economic insecurity acts as a tool for the subjugation of the workforce.

Socio-economic critical theory.

5

دیالکتیک ترس و امید، موتور محرک تاریخ در عبور از بحران‌های تمدنی بوده است.

The dialectic of fear and hope has been the driving engine of history in navigating civilizational crises.

Historiographical and philosophical syntax.

6

تجربه سوبژکتیو ترس، تقلیل‌ناپذیر به تبیین‌های صرفاً نوروبیولوژیک است.

The subjective experience of fear is irreducible to purely neurobiological explanations.

Epistemological and scientific critique.

7

استتیک ترس در سینمای اکسپرسیونیسم، بازتابی از فروپاشی روانی جامعه پس از جنگ بود.

The aesthetics of fear in Expressionist cinema was a reflection of the psychological collapse of post-war society.

Film theory and art history vocabulary.

8

گذر از ساحت ترس به ساحت طمأنینه، غایت قصوای سلوک عرفانی در سنت شرقی است.

The transition from the realm of fear to the realm of tranquility is the ultimate goal of the mystical journey in the Eastern tradition.

Highly classical, mystical, and archaic vocabulary.

Common Collocations

ترس و لرز
ایجاد ترس
غلبه بر ترس
ترس عمیق
ترس پنهان
ترس از مرگ
ترس از تاریکی
حس ترس
ترس بی‌مورد
مدیریت ترس

Common Phrases

از ترس جان
ترس به دل راه دادن
ترسش ریخت
با ترس و لرز
ترس برادر مرگ است
از ترس خشک شدن
ترس به جان کسی افتادن
بدون هیچ ترسی
ترس از دست دادن
مایه ترس

Often Confused With

ترس vs ترسیدن (The verb 'to fear' - learners often use the noun when they need the verb)

ترس vs ترسو (The adjective for a cowardly person)

ترس vs ترسناک (The adjective for a scary thing)

Idioms & Expressions

"ترس برادر مرگ است"
"از سایه خودش هم می‌ترسد"
"ترسش ریخت"
"موش مرده بازی درآوردن از ترس"
"رنگش از ترس پرید"
"بند دلش پاره شد"
"زهره ترک شدن"
"قالب تهی کردن"
"مثل بید لرزیدن"
"ترس به دل راه ندادن"

Easily Confused

ترس vs

ترس vs

ترس vs

ترس vs

ترس vs

Sentence Patterns

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How to Use It

nuance

While it means fear, it doesn't always imply cowardice; it can imply a healthy respect for danger.

formality

Can be used in both highly formal and very informal contexts without changing its core form.

Common Mistakes
  • Saying 'ترس سگ' instead of 'ترس از سگ'.
  • Using 'من ترس' to mean 'I am afraid'.
  • Confusing 'ترس' (fear) with 'ترسو' (coward).
  • Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r'.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe when adding an adjective, e.g., 'ترس واقعی' without the 'e' sound.

Tips

Always use 'از'

When stating what you are afraid of, 'ترس' must be followed by 'از'. Think of fear as an energy radiating 'from' the object. Never translate 'fear of' literally without 'از'. This is the most common mistake for English speakers.

Movie Genres

If you like horror movies, look for 'فیلم ترسناک' (film-e tarsnak). The suffix '-ناک' turns the noun into an adjective meaning 'full of fear'. It's a great way to find engaging Persian media.

Verb vs. Noun

In casual speech, Iranians prefer using the verb 'می‌ترسم' (I fear) over the noun phrase 'ترس دارم' (I have fear). While both are correct, the verb sounds much more natural and native. Save the noun for abstract discussions.

Bursting with Fear

To sound like a native, use the idiom 'زهره ترک شدم' (Zohreh tarak shodam). It literally means 'my gallbladder burst', but it translates to 'I was scared to death'. Use it when a friend jumps out and startles you.

Use Ezafe for Description

When describing the type of fear, remember the Ezafe (the 'e' sound). 'ترسِ بزرگ' (tars-e bozorg) means big fear. Forgetting the Ezafe makes the sentence sound broken and disconnected.

Listen for the Tone

In Persian, emotions are heavily conveyed through intonation. When someone says 'ترس', their pitch often rises if they are currently scared, or lowers if they are discussing a serious, deep-seated dread.

Level Up with 'وحشت'

Once you master 'ترس', start incorporating 'وحشت' (vahshat) for extreme terror. It shows a higher level of vocabulary and adds dramatic flair to your storytelling. It's perfect for describing nightmares.

Cultural Proverbs

Memorize 'ترس برادر مرگ است' (Fear is the brother of death). Dropping this proverb into a conversation about taking risks will impress native speakers and show cultural understanding.

Crisp 'R' Sound

The 'r' in 'ترس' should be slightly rolled or tapped, like in Spanish. Don't use the soft English 'r'. A crisp 'r' makes the word sound much sharper and more authentic.

Look for Compound Words

In literature, you will see 'ترس' combined with many words. 'خدا ترس' (God-fearing) is a common one. Recognizing 'ترس' as a building block will help you decode complex new words.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a T-Rex (Tars) roaring at you, causing immense FEAR.

Word Origin

Middle Persian

Cultural Context

In the Shahnameh (Book of Kings), heroes like Rostam are defined by their absolute lack of 'ترس' in the face of demons and dragons.

Fear of the 'Evil Eye' (چشم زخم) is a common cultural anxiety, often warded off with amulets or the phrase 'Mashallah'.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Conversation Starters

"بزرگترین ترس شما در زندگی چیست؟ (What is your biggest fear in life?)"

"آیا از تاریکی ترس دارید؟ (Do you have a fear of the dark?)"

"چگونه بر ترس‌های خود غلبه می‌کنید؟ (How do you overcome your fears?)"

"آیا تا به حال فیلمی دیده‌اید که به شما حس ترس بدهد؟ (Have you ever seen a movie that gave you a feeling of fear?)"

"به نظر شما ترس یک احساس مفید است یا مضر؟ (In your opinion, is fear a useful or harmful emotion?)"

Journal Prompts

Write about a time you felt a deep 'ترس' and how you handled it.

List three things you have a 'ترس از' (fear of) and why.

Describe a 'فیلم ترسناک' (scary movie) you watched recently.

How does 'ترس' affect your decision-making?

Write a short story where the main character overcomes their 'ترس'.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

'ترس' is strictly a noun meaning 'fear'. The verb form is 'ترسیدن' (to fear). Beginners often confuse the two. If you want to say 'I am afraid', use the verb 'می‌ترسم'. If you want to say 'Fear is bad', use the noun 'ترس'.

The preposition 'از' (az), meaning 'from' or 'of', is almost always used with 'ترس'. For example, 'ترس از عنکبوت' means 'fear of spiders'. Do not use 'برای' (for) or leave the preposition out. It is a strict grammatical rule.

You add the suffix '-ناک' (-nak) to the noun 'ترس' to create the adjective 'ترسناک' (tarsnak). This means 'scary' or 'frightening'. For example, 'فیلم ترسناک' means 'scary movie'. It describes the thing causing the fear.

Add the suffix '-و' (-oo) to the root to get 'ترسو' (tarsoo). This is an adjective or noun used to describe a person who is easily frightened or cowardly. It is often used playfully among friends, but can be an insult.

'ترس' is the general word for fear and can range from mild to strong. 'وحشت' (vahshat) specifically means terror, horror, or extreme panic. Use 'وحشت' for very intense, overwhelming situations where 'ترس' isn't strong enough.

Yes, as an abstract noun, it can be pluralized using the standard Persian plural suffix '-ها' (-ha). 'ترس‌ها' (tars-ha) means 'fears'. For example, 'او ترس‌های زیادی دارد' means 'He has many fears'.

It is a famous Persian proverb that translates to 'Fear is the brother of death'. It means that living in constant fear is as bad as being dead. It encourages bravery and taking action despite being afraid.

You can use the phrase 'غلبه بر ترس'. The full sentence would be 'من بر ترسم غلبه کردم' (man bar tarsam ghalabeh kardam). This is a very natural and common way to express overcoming a phobia or anxiety.

Yes, 'ترس' is used in all registers, from street slang to academic papers. In formal writing, it might be paired with more complex verbs or adjectives, like 'ترس نهادینه شده' (institutionalized fear), but the root word remains the same.

It is a binomial phrase meaning 'fear and trembling'. It is used to describe someone who is extremely frightened, often physically shaking. For example, 'با ترس و لرز وارد اتاق شد' (He entered the room with fear and trembling).

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