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B2 adjective 9 min read

vigilant(e)

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips vigilant(e) in 30 Seconds
Explanation vigilant(e) in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to acquire basic vocabulary. Words related to immediate surroundings and simple actions are introduced. 'Vigilant' is too advanced for this level as it requires understanding of potential dangers and a more complex concept of awareness. A1 learners focus on survival phrases and very concrete nouns and verbs. They might learn words like 'danger' in their native language but not the adjective describing a state of watchfulness for it. Their vocabulary is limited to personal information, family, immediate environment, and basic needs. The concept of proactive alertness for possible difficulties is far beyond the scope of A1 comprehension.
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A2 learners can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance, such as very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, and employment. While they can grasp simple concepts of safety ('danger'), the nuanced meaning of 'vigilant' – involving sustained, careful watchfulness for potential, often subtle, difficulties – is still too abstract. They might understand a very direct warning like 'Be careful!' but not the ongoing state of being 'vigilant'. Their vocabulary focuses on everyday routines and immediate situations rather than proactive anticipation of problems.
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B1 learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. The concept of being watchful for problems starts to become accessible. They might understand sentences like 'The parents were vigilant about their children's safety'. However, the subtle nuances of 'vigilant' in professional or complex situations, or the precise difference between 'vigilant' and 'attentive', may still be challenging. They are moving from simple awareness to a more considered form of watchfulness.
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B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. At this level, learners can fully grasp the meaning of 'vigilant', understanding its implication of careful, sustained observation for potential dangers or difficulties. They can differentiate it from similar words like 'attentif' or 'prudent' and use it appropriately in various contexts, including professional and abstract discussions. They understand the nuances of proactive alertness and risk anticipation.
C1 learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. At C1, 'vigilant' is understood in its full depth, including its more formal, literary, or specialized applications. Learners can appreciate its use in nuanced arguments about risk management, ethical considerations, or complex societal issues. They can also understand its connotations in literature or sophisticated discourse, recognizing the subtle implications of constant alertness.
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C2 learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations. At the C2 level, 'vigilant' is fully integrated into the learner's active vocabulary. They understand its etymological roots and can recognize its precise usage in highly specialized or idiomatic contexts. They can also appreciate its subtle shades of meaning when contrasted with highly similar terms, and use it with perfect accuracy and stylistic appropriateness in any situation.
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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

vigilant(e) in 30 Seconds

  • Vigilant means being watchful and alert for danger or problems.
  • It implies a continuous state of careful observation.
  • Often used in safety, professional, and critical situations.
  • Remember: 'vigilant' is an adjective, 'vigilante' is a noun.
Meaning
To be vigilant means to be alert, watchful, and ready to notice any potential problems, dangers, or changes. It implies a state of careful observation and a readiness to react if necessary. It's about being proactive in anticipating and preventing issues.
Usage
People are often described as vigilant in situations where awareness is crucial. This includes safety contexts, such as parents being vigilant about their children's whereabouts, or security personnel being vigilant against threats. It's also used in professional settings, like a doctor remaining vigilant for subtle symptoms, or a financial analyst being vigilant about market fluctuations. Even in everyday life, one might need to be vigilant about traffic when crossing a street or aware of one's surroundings in an unfamiliar place. The adjective can be used for both masculine and feminine subjects, with 'vigilant' being the standard form and 'vigilante' sometimes used poetically or in specific contexts, though 'vigilant' is overwhelmingly common for both genders in modern French.
Nuance
Being vigilant suggests a sustained and deliberate effort to observe and be aware. It's not just a fleeting glance but a continuous state of alertness. It often implies a sense of responsibility or a need to protect oneself or others from harm or negative outcomes.

The rescue team remained vigilant throughout the night, searching for any signs of survivors.

Parents must be vigilant about the content their children consume online.

Examples in Context
The border patrol agents were vigilant for any unauthorized crossings. She was a vigilant student, always checking her work for errors. A vigilant observer will notice the subtle changes in the environment. The government urged citizens to remain vigilant against misinformation campaigns. The hiker needed to be vigilant for wildlife on the trail.
Related Concepts
'Vigilant' is closely related to concepts like alertness, caution, watchfulness, awareness, and preparedness. It's the active state of paying attention to potential dangers or issues. It can also be linked to responsibility and duty, as in the case of those tasked with ensuring safety.
Basic Structure
The most common way to use 'vigilant' is as a predicate adjective, following a linking verb like 'être' (to be). It describes the state of a person or group.

The security guard was vigilant all night.

Attributive Use
Less commonly, 'vigilant' can be placed before a noun to modify it directly, often for emphasis or in more literary contexts. This usage is less frequent than the predicate adjective form.

A vigilant eye is needed to spot the subtle errors.

With Prepositions
'Vigilant' is often followed by the preposition 'à' or 'envers' to specify what one is vigilant about.

He remained vigilant à any changes in the market.

She is vigilant envers the security of her personal data.

Describing Situations
You can also use 'vigilant' to describe a situation that requires alertness.

The current climate requires a vigilant approach to risk management.

Adverbial Form
The adverbial form is 'vigilamment' (vigilantly), used to describe how an action is performed.

He worked vigilamment to ensure no mistakes were made.

Sentence Variety
The word can be used in various sentence structures to convey alertness in different contexts: emergency response, personal safety, professional diligence, and general awareness.

It is imperative to remain vigilant in this unpredictable environment.

The teacher was vigilant about ensuring all students participated.

A vigilant approach to cybersecurity is essential.

News and Current Events
You'll frequently hear 'vigilant' in news reports discussing security, public safety, and crisis management. For instance, 'Les autorités appellent la population à rester vigilante face aux risques d'inondation' (Authorities call on the population to remain vigilant in the face of flood risks). It's used to describe the necessary state of alertness for citizens or officials during times of potential danger or social unrest.
Professional Settings
In business and finance, 'vigilant' is used to describe careful observation of markets, competitors, or risks. 'Les investisseurs doivent rester vigilants quant aux fluctuations boursières' (Investors must remain vigilant regarding stock market fluctuations). In healthcare, doctors and nurses are expected to be vigilant about patient conditions. In law enforcement and security, vigilance is a core professional trait.
Parenting and Education
Parents are often advised to be 'vigilants' regarding their children's safety, online activities, or well-being. 'Il est important que les parents soient vigilants quant aux amis de leurs adolescents' (It is important for parents to be vigilant about their teenagers' friends). Teachers also need to be vigilant in the classroom.
Technical and Scientific Fields
In fields requiring precision and attention to detail, such as engineering, science, or IT, 'vigilant' describes the necessary meticulousness. 'Les ingénieurs doivent être vigilants lors de la conception de systèmes complexes' (Engineers must be vigilant when designing complex systems). This emphasizes the need for careful monitoring and error detection.
Literature and Formal Writing
In literature and more formal writing, 'vigilant' can be used to describe characters who are observant, suspicious, or constantly on guard. It adds a layer of seriousness or intensity to the description. It can also be found in philosophical texts discussing awareness and perception.

The park ranger remained vigilant for signs of poachers.

A vigilant approach to cybersecurity is non-negotiable.

Confusing 'Vigilant' with 'Vigilante'
The most significant confusion can arise between the adjective 'vigilant' (watchful, alert) and the noun 'vigilante' (a person who takes the law into their own hands). While related in origin, their meanings and grammatical functions are distinct. A 'vigilant' person is simply attentive, whereas a 'vigilante' is an outlaw acting as a self-appointed law enforcer. Using 'vigilante' to describe someone as merely watchful would be incorrect.

Incorrect: The neighborhood watch is a group of vigilantes.

Correct: The neighborhood watch is a group of vigilant citizens.

Gender and Number Agreement (Adjective)
In French, adjectives typically agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. However, 'vigilant' is one of those adjectives that usually does not change for masculine or feminine singular. The form 'vigilant' is used for both. The plural form is 'vigilants'. While 'vigilante' exists, it's much less common as an adjective and more often refers to a female vigilante. Sticking to 'vigilant' for both genders in the singular and 'vigilants' for the plural is the safest and most standard usage.

Incorrect: La femme est vigilante de son enfant. (Unless specifically referring to a female vigilante).

Correct: La femme est vigilant de son enfant.

Correct: Les gardes sont vigilants.

Overuse or Misapplication
'Vigilant' implies a conscious, sustained effort to observe for potential danger or problems. Using it for simple awareness or casual observation might be an overstatement. For instance, saying someone is 'vigilant' just because they noticed a red car is likely an exaggeration. It's best reserved for situations where alertness is genuinely required due to potential risks.

Less appropriate: Je suis vigilant à la météo aujourd'hui. (Unless there's a specific storm warning).

More appropriate: Les météorologues doivent rester vigilants face aux changements climatiques rapides.

Using the Wrong Preposition
While 'vigilant' can be followed by prepositions like 'à' or 'envers', it's important to use them correctly. 'Vigilant à quelque chose' implies attention to specific details or changes. 'Vigilant envers quelque chose' suggests watchfulness concerning something broader like safety or security.

Correct: Il est vigilant à la qualité de son travail.

Correct: Soyez vigilant envers les dangers potentiels.

Attentif / Attentive
Meaning: Paying close attention; thoughtful.
Comparison: 'Attentif' is more general than 'vigilant'. It means being focused and observant, but doesn't necessarily imply a specific threat or danger. You can be attentive in class or attentive to someone's needs without being 'vigilant'. 'Vigilant' suggests a heightened state of awareness specifically for potential problems.
Prudent
Meaning: Acting with or showing care and thought for the future.
Comparison: 'Prudent' focuses on avoiding risks by acting cautiously and wisely. It's about foresight and careful decision-making. 'Vigilant' is about actively observing and being ready to react to immediate or potential dangers. One can be prudent without being actively watchful, and one can be vigilant without necessarily being prudent in their overall decision-making.
Vigilance (Noun)
Meaning: The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
Comparison: This is the noun form of 'vigilant'. While 'vigilant' describes a person or state, 'vigilance' refers to the quality or act itself. For example, 'La vigilance des gardes' (The vigilance of the guards) vs. 'Les gardes sont vigilants' (The guards are vigilant).
Méfiant / Méfiante
Meaning: Suspicious; distrustful.
Comparison: 'Méfiant' implies a degree of distrust or suspicion towards others or situations. While a vigilant person might be méfiant, vigilance itself is more about objective observation for danger, whereas méfiant is more about a personal feeling of distrust. You can be vigilant without being suspicious of everyone.
Alerte
Meaning: Quick to perceive and react; mentally sharp.
Comparison: 'Alerte' is very close to 'vigilant' and can often be used interchangeably. It emphasizes quickness of mind and reaction. 'Vigilant' might imply a more sustained and focused observation for potential threats, whereas 'alerte' can also refer to general quick-wittedness or being easily roused.
Surveillant(e)
Meaning: Watching over; supervising.
Comparison: 'Surveillant' often refers to someone officially tasked with watching over something or someone, like a supervisor or monitor. While this involves a form of watchfulness, 'vigilant' implies a more proactive and potentially more intense level of alertness for dangers, whereas 'surveillant' can be a more routine supervision.

The police officer was vigilant during the protest.

The teacher was attentive to the students' questions.

He is always prudent when making financial decisions.

The guard maintained his vigilance throughout the night.

She seemed méfiante of strangers.

He is an alerte young man.

The surveillant watched the students during the break.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The concept of 'vigil' (watch or vigil) is also related. In religious contexts, a 'vigil' is a period of watchful devotion, often observed before a feast day. This highlights the ancient connection between watchfulness and solemnity or importance.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /vi.ʒi.lɑ̃/
US /vi.ʒi.lɑ̃/
The stress falls on the last syllable: vi-gi-LANT.
Rhymes With
élan plan banc vent grand maman enfant temps
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing the final 't' in 'vigilant'. It is silent in French.
  • Not pronouncing the 'an' sound nasally, making it sound like 'an' in 'ant'.
  • Incorrectly stressing a different syllable.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

At B2 level, understanding 'vigilant' in written texts is generally straightforward, especially in contexts related to safety, news, or professional advice. However, in highly abstract or literary texts, its precise nuance might require more cognitive effort.

Writing 4/5

Using 'vigilant' correctly in writing requires understanding its precise meaning and appropriate contexts. Learners need to be mindful of gender/number agreement (or lack thereof in singular) and common prepositional uses ('à', 'envers', 'face à'). Avoiding confusion with 'vigilante' is also key.

Speaking 4/5

Pronunciation is relatively simple, but choosing the right moment to use 'vigilant' in spoken French requires confidence in its meaning and context. Overuse or underuse can both sound unnatural.

Listening 4/5

Recognizing 'vigilant' in spoken French is usually easy once pronunciation is familiar. The main challenge is understanding the context in which it's used to grasp the speaker's intended meaning (e.g., a warning, a professional requirement).

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

alerte attention danger sécurité regarder observer prudent

Learn Next

vigilance vigilamment surveiller guetter prémunir anticiper

Advanced

acuité perspicacité proactivité prévention vigie sentinelle

Grammar to Know

Adjective Agreement (or lack thereof for 'vigilant')

Le garçon est vigilant. La fille est vigilant. Les enfants sont vigilants. (The adjective 'vigilant' does not change for masculine/feminine singular, but becomes 'vigilants' in the plural.)

Use of Prepositions with Adjectives

Vigilant à quelque chose (attentive to something), vigilant envers quelque chose (watchful towards something), vigilant face à quelque chose (watchful in the face of something).

Predicate vs. Attributive Adjectives

Predicate: Le garde est vigilant. (The guard is vigilant.) Attributive: Un garde vigilant surveille le bâtiment. (A vigilant guard watches the building.)

Impersonal Constructions

Il est important d'être vigilant. (It is important to be vigilant.) Il faut rester vigilant. (One must remain vigilant.)

Verb 'être' Conjugation

Je suis vigilant, tu es vigilant, il/elle est vigilant, nous sommes vigilants, vous êtes vigilants, ils/elles sont vigilants.

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Examples by Level

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8

1

Le chien est vigilant.

The dog is watchful.

Basic adjective usage with 'être'.

2

Soyez vigilant !

Be careful! / Be watchful!

Imperative form.

3

Elle est vigilante.

She is watchful.

Adjective agrees with feminine subject (no change for 'vigilant').

4

Le garde est vigilant.

The guard is watchful.

Adjective agrees with masculine subject.

5

Il faut être vigilant.

One must be watchful.

Impersonal construction 'il faut'.

6

Regarde, sois vigilant.

Look, be watchful.

Command structure.

7

La mère est vigilante.

The mother is watchful.

Adjective describing a parent's role.

8

Le chat est vigilant.

The cat is watchful.

Animal behavior.

1

Les parents doivent rester vigilants quant à la sécurité de leurs enfants.

Parents must remain watchful regarding their children's safety.

'Vigilants' used with 'quant à' to specify the object of watchfulness.

2

Il faut être vigilant face aux dangers de la route.

One must be watchful in the face of road dangers.

'Face à' (in the face of) is common with 'vigilant'.

3

Le professeur était vigilant pour repérer les tricheurs.

The teacher was watchful to spot the cheaters.

'Vigilant' followed by 'pour' + infinitive to indicate purpose.

4

Elle est toujours vigilante lorsqu'elle marche seule la nuit.

She is always watchful when she walks alone at night.

Adverb 'toujours' (always) emphasizes the continuous state.

5

Les gardes-frontières sont vigilants.

The border guards are watchful.

Plural form 'vigilants' used for multiple subjects.

6

Une approche vigilante est nécessaire pour éviter les erreurs.

A watchful approach is necessary to avoid errors.

'Vigilant' modifying a noun ('approche').

7

Le chien est vigilant quand des étrangers approchent.

The dog is watchful when strangers approach.

Describes animal behavior indicating alertness to perceived threats.

8

Nous devons rester vigilants face aux nouvelles menaces.

We must remain watchful in the face of new threats.

'Rester vigilant' emphasizes maintaining the state of watchfulness.

1

Les autorités sanitaires recommandent de rester vigilant quant aux symptômes de la grippe.

Health authorities recommend staying vigilant regarding flu symptoms.

Formal recommendation in a public health context. 'Quant à' is used correctly.

2

Un investisseur doit être vigilant face aux fluctuations imprévues du marché.

An investor must be watchful in the face of unforeseen market fluctuations.

Professional context (finance). 'Face à' is appropriate.

3

Elle a une conscience professionnelle très vigilante.

She has a very watchful professional conscience.

'Vigilante' used attributively before a noun ('conscience'). Note the feminine agreement here, which is standard for 'conscience'.

4

La vigilance est de mise dans les zones à risque élevé.

Watchfulness is required in high-risk areas.

Using the noun 'vigilance' in a formal context. 'De mise' means required or necessary.

5

Les systèmes de sécurité doivent être constamment vigilants.

Security systems must be constantly watchful.

Describing inanimate systems as 'vigilant', emphasizing their function.

6

Il est crucial d'être vigilant envers les tentatives de phishing.

It is crucial to be watchful towards phishing attempts.

'Vigilant envers' is used here, suitable for broader threats like scams.

7

Le pilote est resté vigilant pendant toute la durée du vol.

The pilot remained watchful for the entire duration of the flight.

'Rester vigilant' emphasizes maintaining the state of alertness.

8

Une observation vigilante a permis de détecter l'anomalie.

Watchful observation allowed the anomaly to be detected.

'Vigilante' used attributively before 'observation' (feminine noun).

1

Dans un monde interconnecté, la vigilance numérique est devenue une nécessité absolue.

In an interconnected world, digital vigilance has become an absolute necessity.

Abstract concept ('vigilance numérique') used in a sophisticated context.

2

Le critique d'art a fait preuve d'une vigilance remarquable face aux subtilités de l'œuvre.

The art critic demonstrated remarkable watchfulness regarding the subtleties of the work.

'Faire preuve de' (to demonstrate) combined with 'vigilance' for nuanced meaning. 'Face aux subtilités' implies deep observation.

3

Il maintient une posture vigilante face aux dérives potentielles de la technologie.

He maintains a watchful stance against the potential excesses of technology.

'Posture vigilante' suggests a deliberate, critical attitude. 'Face aux dérives' implies awareness of negative possibilities.

4

La vigilance de l'historien est essentielle pour déceler les biais dans les sources primaires.

The historian's watchfulness is essential for detecting biases in primary sources.

Focus on intellectual vigilance and critical analysis in academia.

5

Dans les négociations complexes, une vigilance constante est requise pour anticiper les contre-propositions.

In complex negotiations, constant watchfulness is required to anticipate counter-proposals.

Usage in a high-stakes professional context, emphasizing strategic awareness.

6

Elle exerce une vigilance quasi-médicale sur son alimentation.

She exercises an almost medical vigilance over her diet.

'Quasi-médicale' adds a layer of intensity to 'vigilance'.

7

Le système de surveillance reste vigilant, prêt à déclencher l'alerte au moindre signe suspect.

The surveillance system remains watchful, ready to trigger the alarm at the slightest suspicious sign.

Describing advanced technological systems with human-like vigilance.

8

Sa compréhension du sujet témoigne d'une vigilance intellectuelle rare.

His understanding of the subject testifies to a rare intellectual vigilance.

Abstract application of 'vigilance' to cognitive processes.

1

L'éthique de la recherche exige une vigilance intransigeante face aux conflits d'intérêts potentiels.

Research ethics demands uncompromising watchfulness regarding potential conflicts of interest.

Highly formal and precise language in a specialized field (ethics).

2

Le stratège militaire a maintenu une vigilance implacable, anticipant chaque mouvement de l'adversaire.

The military strategist maintained implacable watchfulness, anticipating every enemy movement.

'Implacable' (implacable/uncompromising) intensifies 'vigilance' in a high-stakes context.

3

Sa prose dénote une vigilance stylistique qui frôle la perfection.

His prose denotes a stylistic vigilance that borders on perfection.

Applying 'vigilance' to the nuanced craft of writing and style.

4

La cour a souligné la nécessité d'une vigilance accrue de la part des institutions financières.

The court emphasized the need for increased watchfulness from financial institutions.

Formal legal context, 'vigilance accrue' (increased watchfulness).

5

Il opère avec une vigilance presque instinctive, percevant les dangers avant qu'ils ne se manifestent.

He operates with an almost instinctive watchfulness, perceiving dangers before they manifest.

'Vigilance instinctive' describes a highly refined, almost subconscious state of alertness.

6

La vigilance épistémologique est le socle de toute démarche scientifique rigoureuse.

Epistemological vigilance is the foundation of any rigorous scientific endeavor.

Highly specialized philosophical/scientific term ('vigilance épistémologique').

7

Dans le domaine de la sécurité informatique, la vigilance proactive est la clé de voûte.

In the field of IT security, proactive vigilance is the cornerstone.

'Vigilance proactive' highlights the forward-thinking aspect of alertness.

8

Sa critique acerbe révélait une vigilance méticuleuse quant aux moindres incohérences logiques.

His sharp critique revealed meticulous watchfulness regarding the slightest logical inconsistencies.

'Meticuleuse' intensifies 'vigilance'. Focus on precise analytical observation.

Common Collocations

rester vigilant
être vigilant
une attitude vigilante
un œil vigilant
une surveillance vigilante
une vigilance constante
vigilant à
vigilant envers
vigilant face à
un esprit vigilant

Common Phrases

rester vigilant

— To continue to be watchful and alert.

Même après la fin de l'alerte, il est conseillé de rester vigilant. (Even after the alert ends, it is advisable to remain vigilant.)

être vigilant quant à

— To be watchful or concerned specifically about a particular matter or issue.

Les consommateurs doivent être vigilants quant aux promesses trop belles pour être vraies. (Consumers must be watchful regarding promises that are too good to be true.)

faire preuve de vigilance

— To demonstrate or show watchfulness.

Le personnel de sécurité a fait preuve de vigilance tout au long de l'événement. (The security personnel demonstrated watchfulness throughout the event.)

un œil vigilant

— A watchful gaze or a person who watches carefully.

Grâce à un œil vigilant, le petit détail a été remarqué. (Thanks to a watchful eye, the small detail was noticed.)

vigilance accrue

— Increased watchfulness or alertness.

Après l'incident, une vigilance accrue a été mise en place. (After the incident, increased watchfulness was put in place.)

vigilance de tous les instants

— Constant, continuous watchfulness.

Dans ce domaine, une vigilance de tous les instants est requise. (In this field, constant watchfulness is required.)

garder une vigilance

— To maintain a state of watchfulness.

Il est important de garder une vigilance face aux risques de désinformation. (It is important to maintain watchfulness against the risks of disinformation.)

vigilant comme une chouette

— As watchful as an owl (very watchful, especially at night).

Le garde était vigilant comme une chouette, ne manquant rien. (The guard was watchful as an owl, missing nothing.)

vigilance épidémiologique

— Watchfulness and monitoring related to the spread of diseases.

La vigilance épidémiologique est cruciale pour prévenir les épidémies. (Epidemiological vigilance is crucial for preventing epidemics.)

vigilant et alerte

— Watchful and quick to react.

Le soldat devait rester vigilant et alerte en tout temps. (The soldier had to remain watchful and alert at all times.)

Often Confused With

vigilant(e) vs vigilante

This is a noun referring to a person who takes the law into their own hands, often acting as a self-appointed avenger. It is distinct from the adjective 'vigilant', which means watchful or alert.

vigilant(e) vs vigilance

This is the noun form, meaning the state or quality of being watchful. 'Vigilant' is the adjective describing someone or something possessing this quality.

vigilant(e) vs vigie

This is a noun referring to a lookout post or the person stationed there, typically on a ship or at a high vantage point. It's related to the concept of watching but is a specific term for a place or person.

Idioms & Expressions

"Avoir l'œil sur quelque chose/quelqu'un"

— To keep an eye on something or someone, to watch them carefully. It implies a form of vigilance, often to prevent issues or monitor progress.

Les parents ont l'œil sur leurs enfants lorsqu'ils jouent près de l'eau. (The parents keep an eye on their children when they play near the water.)

neutral
"Être sur le qui-vive"

— To be on the alert, to be on the lookout for danger or trouble. This idiom strongly conveys the meaning of vigilance.

Il était sur le qui-vive, s'attendant à une attaque. (He was on the alert, expecting an attack.)

neutral
"Ne pas baisser sa garde"

— Not to lower one's guard; to remain vigilant and prepared, especially against potential threats.

Dans ce métier, il ne faut jamais baisser sa garde. (In this profession, one must never lower their guard.)

neutral
"Avoir l'œil ouvert"

— To be observant, to keep one's eyes open, often to notice opportunities or dangers. Similar to being vigilant.

Il faut avoir l'œil ouvert pour réussir dans ce domaine. (One must keep their eyes open to succeed in this field.)

neutral
"Veiller au grain"

— To keep a close watch, to be on guard, especially to prevent problems or ensure things go smoothly. It's a very common idiom for vigilance.

Le professeur veille au grain pendant l'examen pour éviter la triche. (The teacher keeps a close watch during the exam to prevent cheating.)

neutral
"Faire le guet"

— To act as a lookout, to watch carefully for someone or something, often in secret or for a specific purpose. This is a form of active vigilance.

Les sentinelles faisaient le guet sur les remparts. (The sentinels kept watch on the ramparts.)

neutral
"Être aux aguets"

— To be on the lookout, to be on the alert, often for prey or for an opportunity. Similar to 'sur le qui-vive'.

Le prédateur est aux aguets, attendant le bon moment pour attaquer. (The predator is on the lookout, waiting for the right moment to attack.)

neutral
"Avoir le feu vert"

— Literally 'to have the green light', meaning permission to proceed. This is not directly related to vigilance, but sometimes in a safety context, vigilance is required *before* getting the 'feu vert'. This is more of a contrast.

Nous avons reçu le feu vert pour commencer le projet. (We received the green light to start the project.)

neutral
"Ne pas dormir sur ses deux oreilles"

— Not to sleep soundly; to be worried or anxious about something. This implies a lack of peace, often because one needs to be vigilant about a problem.

Avec cette situation, il ne faut pas dormir sur ses deux oreilles. (With this situation, one should not sleep soundly/be complacent.)

neutral
"Tirer la sonnette d'alarme"

— To sound the alarm; to warn others about a danger or problem. This is an action that results from being vigilant.

Il a tiré la sonnette d'alarme face à la crise financière imminente. (He sounded the alarm in the face of the impending financial crisis.)

neutral

Easily Confused

vigilant(e) vs vigilante

Both words share the root 'vigil' and relate to watching or alertness, but their grammatical function and meaning are vastly different.

'Vigilant' is an adjective meaning watchful or alert, used to describe a state of careful observation for danger. For example, 'The guard is vigilant.' 'Vigilante' is a noun referring to a person who takes the law into their own hands, often outside of legal authority. For example, 'The vigilante sought revenge.'

Le policier est vigilant. (The police officer is watchful.) vs. Le justicier est un vigilante. (The vigilante is a person seeking justice outside the law.)

vigilant(e) vs vigilance

'Vigilant' is the adjective form, while 'vigilance' is the noun form. They are directly derived from each other and describe the same concept.

'Vigilant' describes a person or thing that is watchful. For instance, 'The parents are vigilant.' 'Vigilance' is the quality or state of being watchful. For example, 'Parents must maintain vigilance.'

Le chien est vigilant. (The dog is watchful.) La vigilance du chien est remarquable. (The dog's watchfulness is remarkable.)

vigilant(e) vs alerte

Both words relate to being aware and quick to notice things. 'Alerte' can mean generally quick-witted or mentally sharp, while 'vigilant' specifically implies watchfulness for danger or problems.

'Alerte' suggests quick perception and reaction, encompassing general alertness and intelligence. 'Vigilant' focuses more intensely on sustained observation for potential threats or difficulties. An 'alerte' child might be quick to learn, while a 'vigilant' guard is watchful for intruders.

Il est très alerte et comprend vite. (He is very alert and understands quickly.) Le garde est vigilant car il y a un risque d'intrusion. (The guard is watchful because there is a risk of intrusion.)

vigilant(e) vs prudent

Both 'prudent' and 'vigilant' suggest a careful approach, but their focus differs.

'Prudent' implies caution and foresight, acting wisely to avoid future risks or problems. It's about careful decision-making. 'Vigilant' is about active observation and alertness to immediate or potential dangers. You can be prudent by planning ahead, and vigilant by watching your surroundings.

Il est prudent de vérifier votre ceinture de sécurité. (It is prudent to check your seatbelt.) Le conducteur doit être vigilant sur la route. (The driver must be watchful on the road.)

vigilant(e) vs surveillant

Both involve watching, but 'surveillant' often implies a more routine or supervisory role, whereas 'vigilant' suggests a more intense, proactive alertness for potential issues.

'Surveillant' typically refers to someone who supervises or monitors, like a teacher in a classroom or a security guard on a regular patrol. 'Vigilant' implies a higher degree of alertness, specifically for dangers or problems that might arise. A 'surveillant' might monitor activity, while a 'vigilant' person actively seeks out potential threats.

Le surveillant de cantine veille au bon déroulement du repas. (The cafeteria monitor ensures the meal proceeds smoothly.) Le garde doit être vigilant contre les tentatives de sabotage. (The guard must be watchful against sabotage attempts.)

Sentence Patterns

A2

Subject + être + vigilant.

Le chat est vigilant.

A2

Imperative + vigilant !

Sois vigilant !

B1

Il faut être vigilant.

Il faut être vigilant en traversant la rue.

B1

Être vigilant + pour + infinitive.

Elle est vigilante pour attraper le ballon.

B2

Être vigilant + quant à + noun.

Nous devons être vigilants quant aux risques.

B2

Être vigilant + face à + noun.

Les employés doivent être vigilants face aux fraudes.

C1

Adjective + noun + est + adjective.

Une surveillance vigilante est nécessaire.

C1

Verbe + faire preuve de + vigilance.

Le personnel a fait preuve de vigilance.

Word Family

Nouns

vigilance
veilleur
vigie

Verbs

veiller

Adjectives

vigilant(e)

Related

vigilante (noun, person)
vigile (noun, night watchman)
veille (noun, watch/vigil)
surveiller (verb, to watch over)
alerte (adj/noun, alert)
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How to Use It

frequency

Medium-High, especially in contexts requiring alertness or caution.

Common Mistakes
  • Confusing 'vigilant' (adjective) with 'vigilante' (noun). → Using 'vigilant' for watchfulness and 'vigilante' for a law-enforcer.

    'Vigilant' describes a state of being alert and watchful for danger. 'Vigilante' refers to a person who takes the law into their own hands. Using 'vigilante' to mean 'watchful' is incorrect and changes the meaning entirely.

  • Incorrect gender/number agreement for 'vigilant'. → Using 'vigilant' for singular masculine/feminine and 'vigilants' for plural.

    In standard French, 'vigilant' is used for both singular masculine and feminine subjects. For example, 'Le garde est vigilant' and 'La gardienne est vigilant'. The plural form is 'vigilants'. Avoid using 'vigilante' as a standard adjective unless referring to a female noun that specifically takes it.

  • Pronouncing the final 't' in 'vigilant'. → Pronouncing 'vigilant' as /vi.ʒi.lɑ̃/, with a silent 't'.

    In French, final consonants are often silent. The 't' in 'vigilant' is silent. Pronouncing it makes the word sound foreign. The final sound is a nasal vowel.

  • Using 'vigilant' for general attention instead of specific watchfulness for danger. → Using 'vigilant' for alertness to potential problems and 'attentif' for general attention.

    'Vigilant' implies a focus on potential risks or dangers. If someone is just paying attention to instructions or a lesson, 'attentif' is more appropriate. 'Vigilant' suggests a higher level of alertness to negative possibilities.

  • Incorrect preposition usage. → Using appropriate prepositions like 'quant à', 'face à', 'à', or 'envers' depending on the context.

    The preposition used after 'vigilant' specifies what one is watchful about. 'Vigilant quant à' is common for specific concerns, 'vigilant face à' for facing challenges, 'vigilant à' for details, and 'vigilant envers' for broader threats or principles.

Tips

Mastering the Nasal Sound

The 'an' sound in 'vigilant' is a nasal vowel (/ɑ̃/). Practice saying it by letting air pass through your nose without fully pronouncing the 'n'. Think of the sound in 'maman' or 'enfant'. Avoid pronouncing a hard 'n' at the end.

Adjective Agreement

Remember that 'vigilant' usually does not change for masculine or feminine singular nouns (e.g., 'un homme vigilant', 'une femme vigilant'). The plural form is 'vigilants'. Avoid using 'vigilante' as a standard adjective unless referring to a female 'vigilante' (noun).

Distinguish from 'Vigilante'

Never confuse the adjective 'vigilant' (watchful) with the noun 'vigilante' (a person who takes the law into their own hands). This is a common pitfall and changes the meaning entirely.

Visual Associations

Create a mental image, such as a lighthouse keeper scanning the sea or a guard on duty. Associating the word with a strong visual can help you recall its meaning and context more easily.

Sentence Building

Actively try to construct sentences using 'vigilant' in different contexts: describing people, professional duties, or situations requiring alertness. This active recall solidifies your understanding.

Listen in the News

Pay attention when you hear 'vigilant' in French news or formal discussions. Notice the situations described and the prepositions used ('quant à', 'face à', 'envers') to understand its natural usage.

Nuance with Synonyms

Understand the subtle differences between 'vigilant', 'alerte', 'attentif', and 'prudent' to choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.

Trace the Origin

Knowing that 'vigilant' comes from Latin 'vigilare' (to be awake, to watch) can reinforce its core meaning of being awake and alert, especially for potential dangers.

Learn Key Phrases

Memorize common phrases like 'rester vigilant' (to remain vigilant) and 'faire preuve de vigilance' (to show watchfulness). These are frequently used and will help you integrate the word into your active vocabulary.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a 'V' for Very, and 'GILL' like 'gill' of a fish. A fish with very large gills is always 'vigilant' to breathe and stay alive in the water, constantly watching its surroundings for danger.

Visual Association

Picture a lighthouse keeper, standing tall and 'vigilant' at the top of a lighthouse, scanning the dark sea for ships in distress. The light itself represents their watchful eye.

Word Web

Alertness Watchfulness Safety Danger Caution Awareness Security Observation

Challenge

Try to use 'vigilant' in three different sentences describing situations where active watchfulness is needed, either today or tomorrow.

Word Origin

The word 'vigilant' comes from the Latin word 'vigilans', which is the present participle of the verb 'vigilare'. 'Vigilare' means 'to be awake', 'to watch', or 'to keep watch'.

Original meaning: The core meaning in Latin was 'awake' or 'watchful', directly related to the state of being awake and alert, as opposed to being asleep.

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > French

Cultural Context

The term 'vigilant' itself is generally neutral. However, its application can sometimes be sensitive, for example, when discussing surveillance or profiling, where 'vigilance' might be perceived differently by various groups depending on their experience with authority or security measures.

In English, the word 'vigilant' carries very similar connotations of alertness and watchfulness for danger. It is also derived from Latin 'vigilare'. The usage is almost identical, emphasizing careful observation and readiness to respond to threats or difficulties.

The concept of 'vigilance' is central to many security protocols and emergency preparedness plans worldwide. In literature, characters who are 'vigilant' are often portrayed as heroes or crucial figures who prevent disaster through their careful observation (e.g., watchmen in plays, detectives). The phrase 'vigilance is the price of liberty' suggests that freedom requires constant awareness and defense against potential threats.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Public Safety Announcements

  • Restez vigilant.
  • Soyez vigilant face aux...
  • Une vigilance est nécessaire.

Professional Advice (e.g., finance, cybersecurity)

  • Il faut être vigilant quant à...
  • Une attitude vigilante est requise.
  • Maintenir une vigilance constante.

Parenting Advice

  • Les parents doivent être vigilants.
  • Soyez vigilant avec...
  • Une surveillance vigilante.

Travel and Security

  • Soyez vigilant dans les lieux touristiques.
  • Garder un œil vigilant.
  • Une vigilance accrue est demandée.

General Awareness

  • Il est important d'être vigilant.
  • Une approche vigilante.
  • Garder sa vigilance.

Conversation Starters

"What situations require you to be most vigilant in your daily life?"

"Can you think of a time when being vigilant saved you or someone else from trouble?"

"How does the concept of 'vigilance' differ from simply 'being careful'?"

"In your opinion, what makes someone a truly vigilant person?"

"Are there any downsides to being too vigilant?"

Journal Prompts

Describe a scenario where you had to be particularly vigilant. What were the circumstances, and what was the outcome?

Reflect on a situation where you weren't vigilant enough. What did you learn from that experience?

How can you cultivate a more vigilant mindset in your everyday life? What small steps can you take?

Consider the role of vigilance in different professions (e.g., doctor, pilot, police officer). How does the type of vigilance differ?

Write about a fictional character who embodies vigilance. What are their key traits and how do they use their watchfulness?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

The adjective 'vigilant' in French is generally invariable in the singular for both masculine and feminine genders. So, you would say 'un homme vigilant' (a vigilant man) and 'une femme vigilante' (a vigilant woman). However, in modern standard French, 'vigilant' is used for both. The form 'vigilante' is less common as an adjective and more often refers to a female vigilante (noun). For plural, it is 'vigilants'.

This is a key distinction. 'Vigilant' is an adjective meaning watchful or alert for danger. For example, 'The guard is vigilant.' 'Vigilante' is a noun referring to a person who takes the law into their own hands to punish perceived wrongdoers, often outside of legal means. For example, 'He acted as a vigilante.' They are related in origin but have very different meanings and grammatical roles.

Yes, metaphorically. While it primarily describes a state of alertness in living beings, it can be used to describe systems or devices that are designed to constantly monitor or detect potential issues. For example, 'Les systèmes de sécurité doivent être vigilants.' (Security systems must be watchful.) This implies they are programmed to be constantly alert.

'Attentif' means paying close attention, being focused or considerate. You can be attentive to a lesson or to someone's needs. 'Vigilant' implies a more specific kind of attention – being watchful for potential danger, problems, or difficulties. You are vigilant against threats, but attentive to instructions.

'Vigilant' can be followed by different prepositions depending on the context. Common ones include 'quant à' (regarding), 'face à' (in the face of), 'à' (to, for specific details), and 'envers' (towards, for broader concerns like safety). For example: 'vigilant quant aux symptômes', 'vigilant face aux dangers', 'vigilant à la qualité', 'vigilant envers la sécurité'.

Yes, the adverb is 'vigilamment', meaning 'watchfully' or 'alertly'. It's used to describe how an action is performed with great alertness. For example: 'Il travaillait vigilamment pour éviter toute erreur.' (He worked watchfully to avoid any errors.)

The pronunciation is roughly /vi.ʒi.lɑ̃/. The 'v' is as in 'very', the 'i' sounds are short, the 'g' is hard like in 'go', and the 'an' is a nasal vowel sound (air through nose, no distinct 'n' sound at the end). The stress is on the last syllable: vi-gi-LANT.

Yes, 'vigilant' is a moderately common word, especially in formal contexts, news reports, and discussions about safety, responsibility, or risk. It's a useful B2-level adjective that adds precision when describing alertness to potential problems.

The noun form is 'vigilance'. It refers to the state or quality of being watchful and alert for danger or difficulties. For example, 'La vigilance des citoyens est essentielle.' (The citizens' watchfulness is essential.)

The word 'vigilant' itself is generally positive, implying responsible alertness. However, 'excessive vigilance' could be perceived negatively, perhaps as paranoia or over-caution in certain contexts. The noun 'vigilante' (a person taking law into their own hands) is often viewed negatively.

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This Word in Other Languages

vigilante Portuguese vigilante English
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