बेरोजगार in 30 Seconds
- Meaning: Unemployed, jobless.
- Usage: Adjective describing someone without paid work.
- Context: Economic discussions, personal situations.
- Key: Available for work.
The Hindi word 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) is a common and important term, especially in discussions about economics, social issues, and personal circumstances. It directly translates to 'unemployed' or 'jobless' in English. When someone is 'बेरोजगार', it means they do not have a paid job, but they are typically available and looking for work. This term is used across various contexts, from formal government reports to casual conversations among friends and family.
- Core Meaning
- Lacking employment; out of work.
- Nuance
- It implies a state of seeking employment, rather than being retired or choosing not to work.
The word is formed from two parts: 'बे-' (be-), a prefix indicating absence or lack, and 'रोज़गार' (rozgaar), which means employment or livelihood. Thus, 'बेरोजगार' literally means 'without employment'. It's a crucial term when discussing national statistics, economic policies, and the personal struggles many face when they are unable to find work. Understanding this word is key to comprehending many social and economic discussions in Hindi-speaking regions.
देश में बेरोजगार युवाओं की संख्या बढ़ रही है।
When you hear this word, it's often in contexts related to:
- Economic reports and news
- Government policies aimed at job creation
- Personal stories of job seekers
- Discussions about societal well-being
सरकार बेरोजगार लोगों के लिए नई योजनाएं ला रही है।
- Societal Impact
- High rates of unemployment, indicated by the prevalence of 'बेरोजगार' individuals, can lead to social and economic challenges.
In essence, 'बेरोजगार' describes a person who is actively seeking work but currently does not have a job. It's a neutral term used to describe a specific economic status.
Using 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) correctly in sentences requires understanding its role as an adjective describing a state of being. It's typically used to describe a person or a group of people who are out of work. Here are several ways to incorporate it into your Hindi sentences, covering various scenarios.
- Basic Structure
- Subject + 'बेरोजगार' + Verb (if applicable) or as a predicate adjective.
Describing an Individual:
मेरा भाई पिछले छह महीने से बेरोजगार है।
Describing a Group:
इस शहर में बहुत से युवा बेरोजगार घूम रहे हैं।
In the context of job searching:
नौकरी न मिलने के कारण वह बेरोजगार हो गया।
Referring to statistics or general situations:
देश की अर्थव्यवस्था बेरोजगारी की दर से जूझ रही है। (Note: This uses the noun form 'बेरोजगारी' - unemployment)
When asking about someone's employment status:
क्या आप अभी बेरोजगार हैं?
- Common Verb Pairings
- 'होना' (hona - to be) is frequently used with 'बेरोजगार'. For example, 'बेरोजगार होना' (to be unemployed).
Example with 'होना':
कोविड-19 महामारी के कारण लाखों लोग बेरोजगार हो गए।
In sentences discussing government efforts:
सरकार बेरोजगार लोगों को कौशल प्रशिक्षण दे रही है।
Practicing these sentence structures will help you use 'बेरोजगार' naturally and effectively in your Hindi conversations and writing.
The word 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) is a staple in everyday Hindi conversations and media, particularly when discussing economic and social conditions. You'll hear it in a variety of settings, reflecting its widespread relevance.
- News and Media
- News anchors, reporters, and analysts frequently use 'बेरोजगार' when reporting on employment rates, economic downturns, government job creation initiatives, and the impact of policies on the workforce.
Example from News:
आज की ताजा खबर के अनुसार, बेरोजगार दर में थोड़ी कमी आई है।
- Government and Policy Discussions
- Politicians, economists, and policymakers use 'बेरोजगार' when discussing unemployment figures, the need for job creation, and the effectiveness of social welfare programs aimed at those without jobs.
Example in a Policy Context:
हमारी सरकार का लक्ष्य अगले पांच वर्षों में दस लाख बेरोजगार युवाओं को रोजगार देना है।
- Everyday Conversations
- Friends, family members, and colleagues might discuss personal situations, economic anxieties, or the job market using 'बेरोजगार'. It's a term used to describe a friend who is looking for work or to express concern about the general employment situation.
Example in a Casual Chat:
अरे, रवि आजकल क्या कर रहा है? क्या वह अभी भी बेरोजगार है?
- Educational and Academic Settings
- In economics classes, sociology lectures, or career counseling sessions, 'बेरोजगार' is used to discuss labor market dynamics, the causes and effects of unemployment, and strategies for finding work.
Example in an Academic Context:
इस अध्ययन में, हम बेरोजगार व्यक्तियों पर आर्थिक मंदी के प्रभाव का विश्लेषण करेंगे।
You'll also encounter it in job advertisements (often stating the company is looking to hire people, implicitly addressing the unemployed), government reports on labor statistics, and social commentary pieces. Essentially, any discussion related to people not having paid work will likely involve this term.
While 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) is a straightforward term, learners might make a few common mistakes when using it. Understanding these potential errors can help you speak and write more accurately.
- Mistake 1: Confusing with Noun 'बेरोजगारी' (Berozgaari)
- 'बेरोजगार' is an adjective (unemployed), while 'बेरोजगारी' is a noun (unemployment). Using them interchangeably can lead to grammatically incorrect sentences.
Incorrect: वह बेरोजगारी है। (He is unemployment.)
Correct: वह बेरोजगार है। (He is unemployed.)
Correct: बेरोजगारी एक गंभीर समस्या है। (Unemployment is a serious problem.)
- Mistake 2: Incorrect Placement or Agreement
- As an adjective, 'बेरोजगार' usually follows the noun it describes or is used as a predicate adjective. While Hindi adjectives don't change for gender or number as much as nouns, ensuring it's placed correctly is key.
Incorrect: बेरोजगार लोग शहर में घूमते हैं। (This can sound awkward, better to place it after or use it predicatively.)
Correct: शहर में बेरोजगार लोग घूमते हैं। (Unemployed people wander the city.)
Correct: वे लोग बेरोजगार हैं। (Those people are unemployed.)
- Mistake 3: Overuse or Misapplication
- 'बेरोजगार' specifically refers to someone without a paid job but available for work. It shouldn't be used for people who are retired, students, stay-at-home parents (unless they are actively seeking paid work), or those who choose not to work.
Incorrect: मेरे दादाजी बेरोजगार हैं क्योंकि वे रिटायर हो गए हैं। (My grandfather is unemployed because he has retired.)
Correct: मेरे दादाजी सेवानिवृत्त हैं। (My grandfather is retired.) - 'सेवानिवृत्त' (sevanivritt) is the word for retired.
- Mistake 4: Assuming Gender/Number Changes
- Unlike some other languages, Hindi adjectives like 'बेरोजगार' generally do not change their form to agree in gender or number with the noun they modify. This simplifies usage but can be a point of confusion for learners accustomed to inflection.
Correct for all cases:
वह बेरोजगार है। (He is unemployed.)
वह बेरोजगार है। (She is unemployed.)
वे बेरोजगार हैं। (They are unemployed.)
By being mindful of these common mistakes, you can significantly improve your fluency and accuracy when using 'बेरोजगार' in Hindi.
While 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) is the most common and direct translation for 'unemployed', Hindi offers other words and phrases that convey similar meanings or nuances, depending on the context and desired register.
- 1. निठल्ला (Nithalla)
- Meaning: Idle, jobless, often with a slightly negative connotation of being lazy or unproductive. It can be used more informally.
Comparison: 'बेरोजगार' is neutral and refers to the lack of paid work. 'निठल्ला' implies idleness and can carry a judgment of not doing anything useful, even if one is technically looking for work.
वह दिन भर घर पर निठल्ला बैठा रहता है।
- 2. काम-धंधे से खाली (Kaam-dhandhe se khaali)
- Meaning: Literally means 'empty of work/business'. This is a more descriptive phrase.
Comparison: This phrase is less formal than 'बेरोजगार' and more descriptive. It's often used in casual conversation to explain someone's current lack of occupation.
बाजार में मंदी के कारण कई लोग काम-धंधे से खाली हो गए हैं।
- 3. रोज़ी-रोटी से महरूम (Roji-roti se mahroom)
- Meaning: Deprived of livelihood/daily bread. This phrase carries a stronger sense of hardship and lack of basic sustenance.
Comparison: This is a more poignant and sometimes formal way to describe someone who is not only unemployed but struggling to make ends meet. It emphasizes the difficulty of survival.
कई महीनों से काम न मिलने के कारण वह रोजी-रोटी से महरूम हो गया है।
- 4. कामचोर (Kaamchor)
- Meaning: Someone who shirks work; a lazy person. This is a derogatory term.
Comparison: 'कामचोर' is a strong insult and should not be confused with 'बेरोजगार'. 'बेरोजगार' describes a situation, whereas 'कामचोर' describes a person's character flaw of avoiding work.
उसे कामचोर मत कहो, वह बस अभी नौकरी ढूंढ रहा है।
- 5. रोज़गार विहीन (Rozgaar viheen)
- Meaning: Literally 'without employment'. This is a more formal and sometimes literary alternative to 'बेरोजगार'.
Comparison: 'रोज़गार विहीन' is a direct synonym but sounds more formal or is used in more official contexts, similar to how 'unemployed' might be used in a formal report versus casual speech.
आर्थिक संकट के कारण बड़ी संख्या में लोग रोज़गार विहीन हो गए।
Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and allow you to express yourself with greater precision in Hindi.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The prefix 'बे-' (be-) is quite common in Hindi and is used in many words to indicate absence, such as 'बेवजह' (without reason) and 'बेनाम' (nameless). The word 'रोज़गार' itself is used widely in Hindi to refer to one's job or profession.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing 'रोज़' (roz) as 'रोज' (roj).
- Not clearly enunciating the final 'र' (r) sound.
- Incorrect stress, leading to unnatural rhythm.
Difficulty Rating
The word 'बेरोजगार' itself is straightforward. However, understanding its implications in economic or social contexts might require higher-level comprehension. Texts discussing unemployment rates, government policies, or societal impacts will be more challenging.
Using 'बेरोजगार' correctly in simple sentences is easy. However, constructing nuanced arguments about employment, its causes, and effects requires more advanced vocabulary and grammatical structures.
Pronunciation is relatively simple. Using the word in basic conversational contexts about job status is straightforward. More complex discussions might require better fluency.
The word is common in news and everyday conversations, making it relatively easy to pick out. Understanding the context surrounding its use is key.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Using 'होना' (to be) with adjectives to describe states.
वह खुश है। (He is happy.) वह बेरोजगार है। (He is unemployed.)
Using 'के कारण' (because of) to express cause.
बेरोजगारी के कारण, वह दुखी था। (Because of unemployment, he was sad.)
Using 'गया/गई/गए' (became) to indicate a change of state.
वह बेरोजगार हो गया। (He became unemployed.)
The non-inflection of adjectives for gender and number.
लड़का बेरोजगार है। लड़की बेरोजगार है। बच्चे बेरोजगार हैं।
Using collective nouns or phrases for groups.
बेरोजगार लोग / बेरोजगारों की संख्या।
Examples by Level
मैं काम ढूंढ रहा हूँ।
I am looking for work.
Simple present tense.
मेरे पास नौकरी नहीं है।
I do not have a job.
Use of 'नहीं है' for negation.
क्या तुम काम करते हो?
Do you work?
Interrogative sentence.
मुझे काम चाहिए।
I need work.
Use of 'चाहिए' for 'need'.
वह घर पर है।
He/She is at home.
Simple statement of location.
क्या तुम व्यस्त हो?
Are you busy?
Asking about a state.
मेरा दोस्त काम करता है।
My friend works.
Third person singular present.
कल मैं बाजार जाऊंगा।
Tomorrow I will go to the market.
Future tense.
वह आजकल कुछ नहीं कर रहा है।
He is not doing anything these days.
Present continuous negative.
क्या तुम्हें कोई नौकरी मिली?
Did you get any job?
Past tense question.
मैं बहुत निराश हूँ।
I am very disappointed.
Expressing emotion.
नौकरी ढूंढना मुश्किल है।
Finding a job is difficult.
Gerund as subject.
उसके पास पैसे नहीं हैं।
He/She does not have money.
Possession negation.
सरकार नई योजनाएं बना रही है।
The government is making new schemes.
Present continuous, plural subject.
मुझे उम्मीद है कि मुझे जल्द ही काम मिलेगा।
I hope that I will get a job soon.
Use of 'उम्मीद है' and future tense.
वह बहुत मेहनत कर रहा है।
He is working very hard.
Present continuous, emphasis on effort.
कई महीनों से वह बेरोजगार है।
He has been unemployed for several months.
Present perfect continuous implication with 'कई महीनों से'.
देश में बेरोजगारी की दर चिंताजनक है।
The unemployment rate in the country is worrying.
Using the noun form 'बेरोजगारी'.
क्या आप बेरोजगार लोगों के लिए कोई सहायता प्रदान करते हैं?
Do you provide any assistance for unemployed people?
Asking about services for a group.
नौकरी छूटने के बाद वह बेरोजगार हो गया।
After losing his job, he became unemployed.
Using 'हो गया' to indicate a change of state.
सरकार बेरोजगारी को कम करने के लिए कदम उठा रही है।
The government is taking steps to reduce unemployment.
Using the noun and verb 'कदम उठा रही है'.
वह बेरोजगार होने के कारण हताश महसूस कर रहा है।
He is feeling desperate due to being unemployed.
Causal relationship using 'के कारण'.
क्या आपके पास बेरोजगार युवाओं के लिए कोई सुझाव हैं?
Do you have any suggestions for unemployed youth?
Asking for advice for a demographic.
बहुत से लोग बेरोजगारी भत्ता पर निर्भर हैं।
Many people are dependent on unemployment benefits.
Using the noun and a specific term 'भत्ता' (allowance).
आर्थिक मंदी के कारण बेरोजगारी की दर में अभूतपूर्व वृद्धि हुई है।
Due to the economic recession, the unemployment rate has seen an unprecedented increase.
Formal vocabulary and structure.
हमें बेरोजगार व्यक्तियों के पुनर्वास के लिए प्रभावी नीतियां बनाने की आवश्यकता है।
We need to formulate effective policies for the rehabilitation of unemployed individuals.
Formal vocabulary like 'पुनर्वास' (rehabilitation) and 'प्रभावी नीतियां' (effective policies).
युवा पीढ़ी में बेरोजगारी एक गंभीर सामाजिक और आर्थिक चुनौती बनी हुई है।
Unemployment among the young generation remains a serious social and economic challenge.
Complex sentence structure, abstract concepts.
सरकार ने बेरोजगारों के लिए स्वरोजगार के अवसर पैदा करने पर जोर दिया है।
The government has emphasized creating self-employment opportunities for the unemployed.
Use of collective noun 'बेरोजगारों' and 'स्वरोजगार'.
लंबे समय तक बेरोजगार रहने से व्यक्ति के आत्मविश्वास पर नकारात्मक प्रभाव पड़ सकता है।
Remaining unemployed for a long time can negatively impact a person's self-confidence.
Expressing consequences and abstract nouns.
क्या बेरोजगारी के आंकड़े are accurate?
Are the unemployment figures accurate?
Mixing English terms in Hindi sentence, common in some contexts.
बेरोजगारी भत्ता प्राप्त करने के लिए कुछ पात्रता मानदंड पूरे करने होते हैं।
Certain eligibility criteria must be met to receive unemployment benefits.
Formal vocabulary like 'पात्रता मानदंड' (eligibility criteria).
हमें बेरोजगारों को केवल वित्तीय सहायता ही नहीं, बल्कि मानसिक संबल भी प्रदान करना चाहिए।
We should provide not only financial assistance but also psychological support to the unemployed.
Use of correlative conjunction 'न केवल... बल्कि' (not only... but also).
वैश्वीकरण के इस युग में, बेरोजगारी एक जटिल वैश्विक परिघटना बन गई है।
In this era of globalization, unemployment has become a complex global phenomenon.
Abstract concepts, formal terminology ('वैश्वीकरण', 'परिघटना').
तकनीकी प्रगति के कारण कई पारंपरिक नौकरियां रोज़गार विहीन हो रही हैं।
Due to technological advancements, many traditional jobs are becoming redundant (leading to unemployment).
Formal synonym 'रोज़गार विहीन', complex cause-effect relationship.
किसी राष्ट्र की प्रगति का आकलन करते समय बेरोजगारी की दर एक महत्वपूर्ण संकेतक होती है।
The unemployment rate is an important indicator when assessing a nation's progress.
Formal language, abstract concepts ('संकेतक').
हमें बेरोजगार युवाओं को उद्यमिता के लिए प्रेरित करने हेतु नवीन रणनीतियों पर विचार करना चाहिए।
We must consider innovative strategies to inspire unemployed youth towards entrepreneurship.
Formal verbs like 'प्रेरित करना' (to inspire) and 'विचार करना' (to consider), complex sentence structure.
अत्यधिक बेरोजगारी सामाजिक अशांति और अपराध दर में वृद्धि का कारण बन सकती है।
Excessive unemployment can lead to social unrest and an increase in crime rates.
Expressing potential consequences and societal impact.
शिक्षा प्रणाली को बेरोजगारों की संख्या कम करने के उद्देश्य से अधिक व्यावहारिक और रोज़गार-उन्मुख बनाने की आवश्यकता है।
The education system needs to be made more practical and employment-oriented with the aim of reducing the number of unemployed people.
Complex purpose clauses ('के उद्देश्य से') and compound adjectives.
कई बेरोजगार अपनी निराशा को दूर करने के लिए ऑनलाइन समुदायों का सहारा ले रहे हैं।
Many unemployed individuals are seeking solace in online communities to overcome their despair.
Figurative language ('सहारा लेना'), abstract nouns ('निराशा').
सरकार द्वारा घोषित रोज़गार सृजन योजनाएं बेरोजगारी के बोझ को कम करने में कितनी प्रभावी सिद्ध होंगी, यह देखना बाकी है।
It remains to be seen how effective the government's announced job creation schemes will prove in reducing the burden of unemployment.
Complex sentence structure, formal phrasing ('सिद्ध होंगी', 'बोझ').
अर्थव्यवस्था में संरचनात्मक परिवर्तन के कारण दीर्घकालिक बेरोजगारी एक दुर्जेय चुनौती प्रस्तुत करती है।
Long-term unemployment presents a formidable challenge due to structural changes in the economy.
Highly formal and academic vocabulary ('संरचनात्मक परिवर्तन', 'दुर्जेय').
बेरोजगारों के लिए कौशल उन्नयन और पुनः प्रशिक्षण कार्यक्रम न केवल उनकी रोज़ी-रोटी सुनिश्चित करने के लिए, बल्कि सामाजिक समावेश को बढ़ावा देने के लिए भी अनिवार्य हैं।
Skill upgradation and retraining programs for the unemployed are essential not only for ensuring their livelihood but also for promoting social inclusion.
Complex sentence structure, abstract concepts ('सामाजिक समावेश').
नियोक्ता-श्रमिक संबंधों में असंतुलन अक्सर बेरोजगारी के अंतर्निहित कारणों को और अधिक जटिल बना देता है।
The imbalance in employer-employee relations often exacerbates the underlying causes of unemployment.
Sophisticated vocabulary ('नियोक्ता-श्रमिक संबंध', 'अंतर्निहित कारण', 'जटिल').
डिजिटलीकरण और स्वचालन के बढ़ते प्रभाव के आलोक में, बेरोजगारों की भविष्य की रोजगार क्षमता का आकलन करना एक महत्वपूर्ण शोध क्षेत्र है।
In light of the increasing impact of digitalization and automation, assessing the future employability of the unemployed is a significant area of research.
Complex phrasing ('के आलोक में'), advanced terminology ('रोजगार क्षमता', 'स्वचालन').
सरकार की रोज़गार सृजन की नीतियां तभी सफल हो सकती हैं जब वे बेरोजगारी के मूल कारणों को संबोधित करें, न कि केवल सतही समाधान प्रस्तुत करें।
Government job creation policies can only succeed if they address the root causes of unemployment, rather than merely presenting superficial solutions.
Complex conditional statements, abstract reasoning ('मूल कारण', 'सतही समाधान').
साहित्यिक कृतियों में बेरोजगारी का चित्रण अक्सर सामाजिक असमानता और व्यक्तिगत हताशा के प्रतिबिंब के रूप में किया जाता है।
The portrayal of unemployment in literary works is often done as a reflection of social inequality and personal despair.
Literary analysis, abstract concepts ('साहित्यिक कृतियों', 'प्रतिबिंब').
बेरोजगारी के मनोवैज्ञानिक प्रभाव को कम करने के लिए, परामर्श सेवाओं को सुलभ और प्रभावी बनाना अत्यंत आवश्यक है।
To mitigate the psychological impact of unemployment, making counseling services accessible and effective is extremely necessary.
Complex sentence structure, emphasis on necessity ('अत्यंत आवश्यक').
भविष्य में, कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता बेरोजगारी के परिदृश्य को मौलिक रूप से बदल सकती है, जिससे नई चुनौतियाँ और अवसर दोनों उत्पन्न होंगे।
In the future, artificial intelligence may fundamentally alter the landscape of unemployment, creating both new challenges and opportunities.
Highly speculative and complex future scenarios, advanced vocabulary ('कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता', 'मौलिक रूप से', 'परिदृश्य').
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— I am unemployed.
I have been looking for a job for months, and now I am unemployed. मैंने महीनों से नौकरी ढूंढी, और अब मैं बेरोजगार हूँ।
— He became unemployed.
After his company closed, he became unemployed. कंपनी बंद होने के बाद वह बेरोजगार हो गया।
— Are you unemployed?
The interviewer asked, 'Are you unemployed?' साक्षात्कारकर्ता ने पूछा, 'क्या आप बेरोजगार हैं?'
— Unemployment is a problem.
In many countries, unemployment is a significant problem. कई देशों में, बेरोजगारी एक महत्वपूर्ण समस्या है।
— Helping unemployed people.
The NGO focuses on helping unemployed people find work. एनजीओ बेरोजगार लोगों को काम खोजने में मदद करने पर ध्यान केंद्रित करता है।
— Receiving unemployment benefits.
It's important to know how to apply for unemployment benefits. बेरोजगारी भत्ता के लिए आवेदन कैसे करें, यह जानना महत्वपूर्ण है।
— Unemployed youth.
The government is concerned about the rise in unemployed youth. सरकार युवा बेरोजगारों की बढ़ती संख्या को लेकर चिंतित है।
— Unemployment in the city.
Unemployment in the city has increased after the factory closure. कारखाने के बंद होने के बाद शहर में बेरोजगारी बढ़ गई है।
— Unemployed for a long time.
Being unemployed for a long time can be demoralizing. लंबे समय से बेरोजगार रहना निराशाजनक हो सकता है।
— Opportunities for the unemployed.
The new initiative aims to create opportunities for the unemployed. नई पहल का उद्देश्य बेरोजगारों के लिए अवसर पैदा करना है।
Often Confused With
'बेरोज़गार' is an adjective (unemployed), while 'बेरोज़गारी' is a noun (unemployment). You are 'बेरोजगार', and the situation is 'बेरोज़गारी'.
'बेरोज़गार' is neutral and means without a paid job but available for work. 'निठल्ला' implies idleness and often carries a negative connotation of being lazy or unproductive.
'सेवानिवृत्त' means retired. Retired people are not seeking work, whereas 'बेरोज़गार' individuals are actively looking for jobs.
Easily Confused
It describes a person's state of not having a paid job.
This is the adjective form. It describes an individual who is jobless but available for work. Example: 'वह बेरोजगार है।' (He is unemployed.)
वह बेरोजगार है।
It is closely related in meaning to 'बेरोजगार'.
This is the noun form, meaning 'unemployment'. It refers to the state or phenomenon of lacking jobs. Example: 'बेरोजगारी एक समस्या है।' (Unemployment is a problem.)
बेरोजगारी एक बड़ी समस्या है।
It is the root word for 'बेरोजगार'.
This noun means 'employment', 'job', or 'livelihood'. It is the opposite concept of unemployment. Example: 'उसे अच्छा रोज़गार मिल गया।' (He got a good job.)
उसे एक अच्छा रोज़गार मिल गया।
Both refer to not having work.
While 'बेरोजगार' is neutral and means lacking paid employment but being available for it, 'निठल्ला' implies idleness, laziness, and often a lack of productivity, even if one is technically looking for work. It carries a negative connotation. Example: 'वह दिन भर निठल्ला बैठा रहता है।' (He sits around idle all day.)
वह दिन भर निठल्ला बैठा रहता है।
Both describe people not currently working.
'सेवानिवृत्त' means 'retired'. A retired person has chosen to stop working, often after a long career, and is not actively seeking employment. 'बेरोजगार' implies a desire and search for work. Example: 'मेरे दादाजी सेवानिवृत्त हैं।' (My grandfather is retired.)
मेरे दादाजी सेवानिवृत्त हैं।
Sentence Patterns
Subject + बेरोजगार + है।
मैं बेरोजगार हूँ।
Subject + बेरोजगार + हो गया।
वह बेरोजगार हो गया।
Noun + में + बेरोजगार + लोगों की संख्या + बढ़ रही है।
शहर में बेरोजगार लोगों की संख्या बढ़ रही है।
Subject + ... के कारण + बेरोजगार + हो गया।
नौकरी छूटने के कारण वह बेरोजगार हो गया।
सरकार + बेरोजगार + लोगों के लिए + Verb + रही है।
सरकार बेरोजगार लोगों के लिए योजनाएं बना रही है।
बेरोजगारी + दर + Verb + है।
बेरोजगारी दर चिंताजनक है।
Subject + ... के आलोक में + बेरोजगार + व्यक्तियों + Verb + ।
तकनीकी बदलाव के आलोक में, बेरोजगार व्यक्तियों की स्थिति जटिल है।
दीर्घकालिक + बेरोजगारी + एक + दुर्जेय + चुनौती + प्रस्तुत करती है।
दीर्घकालिक बेरोजगारी एक दुर्जेय चुनौती प्रस्तुत करती है।
Word Family
Nouns
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Very High
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Using 'बेरोजगार' for retired people.
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सेवानिवृत्त (sevanivritt)
'बेरोजगार' means unemployed and seeking work. 'सेवानिवृत्त' means retired, implying a choice to stop working after a career. Example: 'मेरे दादाजी सेवानिवृत्त हैं, बेरोजगार नहीं।' (My grandfather is retired, not unemployed.)
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Confusing 'बेरोजगार' (adjective) with 'बेरोज़गारी' (noun).
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वह बेरोजगार है। (Adjective) vs. बेरोजगारी एक समस्या है। (Noun)
'बेरोजगार' describes a person (e.g., 'He is unemployed'). 'बेरोज़गारी' describes the condition or issue (e.g., 'Unemployment is a problem').
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Using 'निठल्ला' (nithalla) interchangeably with 'बेरोजगार'.
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बेरोजगार (neutral) vs. निठल्ला (implies idleness/laziness)
'बेरोजगार' is neutral and means lacking paid work but available for it. 'निठल्ला' suggests being idle and unproductive, often with a negative judgment. Example: 'वह बेरोजगार है, लेकिन निठल्ला नहीं।' (He is unemployed, but not idle.)
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Assuming 'बेरोजगार' changes form for gender/number.
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'बेरोजगार' remains the same.
Unlike some languages, Hindi adjectives like 'बेरोजगार' do not change form. 'वह बेरोजगार है' (He is unemployed), 'वे बेरोजगार हैं' (They are unemployed).
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Using 'बेरोजगार' for students or homemakers without context.
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विद्यार्थी (vidyarthi - student), गृहणी (grihini - homemaker), or clarify if they are seeking work.
'बेरोजगार' implies being part of the labor force and actively seeking paid employment. Students are typically focused on education, and homemakers on domestic duties, unless they are also job-seeking.
Tips
Mastering the Sound
Focus on pronouncing 'बे' (be) clearly and giving a slight roll to the final 'र' (r) in 'गार' (gaar). Listen to native speakers and practice saying 'बेरोजगार' multiple times to get the rhythm right.
Distinguish from Nouns
Always differentiate between 'बेरोजगार' (adjective - unemployed) and 'बेरोजगारी' (noun - unemployment). Using them correctly will make your sentences grammatically sound.
Connect to 'Pay'
Use the mnemonic: 'बे-' (be) sounds like 'pay'. If you don't get 'pay' (रोज़गार), you are 'बेरोजगार'. Visualize an empty wallet to remember the 'without' aspect.
Adjective Behavior
Understand that 'बेरोजगार' as an adjective doesn't change for gender or number. This simplifies its use: 'वह बेरोजगार है', 'वे बेरोजगार हैं'.
Explore Alternatives
While 'बेरोजगार' is standard, knowing terms like 'रोज़गार विहीन' (formal) or 'निठल्ला' (informal, with negative connotation) can add nuance to your expression.
Social Significance
Be aware that in Indian culture, employment is highly valued. Discussing unemployment should be done with sensitivity, acknowledging the potential stress it causes individuals and families.
Sentence Building
Actively create sentences using 'बेरोजगार' in different contexts: personal situations, news headlines, and hypothetical scenarios. This reinforces learning.
Contextual Clues
When listening, pay attention to the surrounding words and the overall topic to understand the precise meaning and implication of 'बेरोजगार' being used.
Avoid Misuse
Double-check if the person described is truly seeking work. Don't use 'बेरोजगार' for someone who has chosen to be a homemaker or is fully retired unless they are also looking for paid employment.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'बे-' as 'be' (as in 'be gone') and 'रोज़गार' as 'roz-gaar' (like 'rose garden' where you might not find work). So, 'be-roz-gaar' means 'be gone, rose garden' - implying no job is available there. Or, 'बे' sounds like 'pay', and 'रोज़गार' sounds like 'roz-gaar'. If you don't get 'roz-gaar', you don't get 'pay', making you 'बेरोजगार'.
Visual Association
Imagine a person standing in front of a closed 'Job Center' sign, with a 'No Vacancies' notice. The 'Closed' sign symbolizes 'बे-' (without), and the 'Job Center' represents 'रोज़गार'. The person is thus 'बेरोजगार'.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'बेरोजगार' in three different sentences describing different scenarios: one about yourself (hypothetically), one about a friend, and one about the general economic situation.
Word Origin
The word 'बेरोजगार' is derived from Persian and Arabic roots. 'बे-' (be-) is a Persian prefix meaning 'without' or 'lacking'. 'रोज़गार' (rozgaar) is a Persian word meaning 'employment', 'livelihood', or 'work'.
Original meaning: Literally translates to 'without employment' or 'lacking livelihood'.
Indo-Iranian languages (Persian influence on Hindi).Cultural Context
While 'बेरोजगार' is a factual term, it's important to use it with sensitivity, as unemployment can be a source of significant stress and hardship for individuals and families. Avoid using it casually or judgmentally.
While 'unemployed' is the direct translation, the societal implications in India can be more pronounced than in some English-speaking countries, often involving familial and community expectations.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Discussing personal job search status.
- मैं बेरोजगार हूँ।
- नौकरी ढूंढ रहा हूँ।
- कब से बेरोजगार हो?
- बेरोजगार होना बहुत मुश्किल है।
News and economic reports.
- बेरोजगारी दर बढ़ गई है।
- सरकार बेरोजगारी कम करने के उपाय कर रही है।
- युवा बेरोजगारी एक बड़ी चिंता है।
- आर्थिक मंदी के कारण लोग बेरोजगार हो रहे हैं।
Social commentary and policy discussions.
- बेरोजगारों के लिए सहायता।
- रोज़गार सृजन की आवश्यकता।
- शिक्षित बेरोजगारों की समस्या।
- स्वरोजगार को बढ़ावा देना।
Casual conversations among friends.
- क्या तुम्हें कोई काम मिला?
- वह आजकल खाली बैठा है।
- सब काम-धंधे से खाली हैं।
- मैं तो बस टाइम पास कर रहा हूँ।
Describing economic hardship.
- रोजी-रोटी से महरूम।
- परिवार चलाने में मुश्किल।
- पैसे की तंगी।
- बहुत कठिन समय है।
Conversation Starters
"आजकल नौकरी मिलना कितना मुश्किल हो गया है, है ना?"
"क्या तुमने आज की ताज़ा ख़बरें देखीं? बेरोजगारी के बारे में कुछ था।"
"अगर तुम्हें अचानक से नौकरी नहीं मिलती, तो तुम क्या करोगे?"
"तुम्हारे हिसाब से, सरकार को बेरोजगारी कम करने के लिए क्या करना चाहिए?"
"क्या तुम कभी बेरोजगार महसूस करते हो, भले ही तुम्हारे पास काम हो?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a time you or someone you know was unemployed. What were the challenges and how were they overcome?
What are your thoughts on the current unemployment situation in your country or region?
If you were designing a government program to help unemployed people, what would be its key features?
How does being unemployed affect a person's mental health and self-esteem?
Imagine a future where jobs are scarce due to automation. How might society adapt?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsThe word 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) is composed of 'बे-' (be-), a prefix meaning 'without' or 'lacking', and 'रोज़गार' (rozgaar), meaning 'employment' or 'livelihood'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'without employment' or 'lacking livelihood'.
No, 'बेरोजगार' specifically refers to someone who is not currently employed but is available for and seeking work. Retired individuals have chosen to stop working and are not typically considered 'बेरोजगार'. The correct term for retired is 'सेवानिवृत्त' (sevanivritt).
Generally, no. Students are typically engaged in education and are not considered 'बेरोजगार' unless they are simultaneously seeking paid employment and are unable to find it. The term usually applies to individuals in the workforce age group who are looking for jobs.
'बेरोजगार' is an adjective that describes a person who is unemployed. For example, 'वह बेरोजगार है' (He is unemployed). 'बेरोजगारी' is a noun that refers to the state or condition of unemployment itself. For example, 'बेरोजगारी एक गंभीर समस्या है' (Unemployment is a serious problem).
The word 'बेरोजगार' itself is neutral and factual. However, in some social contexts, being unemployed can carry a stigma, and individuals might face pressure. It's important to use the term respectfully and empathetically, recognizing that unemployment can be a difficult situation.
'बेरोजगार' is a very common word in Hindi. You will hear it frequently in news reports, discussions about the economy, job advertisements, and in casual conversations about people's employment status.
No, 'बेरोजगार' is used to describe people. A company that is struggling or has no clients might be described as 'संकट में' (in crisis) or 'घाटे में' (at a loss), but not 'बेरोजगार'.
The most direct English equivalents are 'unemployed' and 'jobless'. It specifically implies that the person is available for work.
No, as an adjective, 'बेरोजगार' does not typically change its form based on gender or number in Hindi. For example, 'वह बेरोजगार है' (He is unemployed), 'वे बेरोजगार हैं' (They are unemployed).
Terms like 'सेवानिवृत्त' (retired), 'विद्यार्थी' (student), or 'गृहणी' (homemaker) describe people who are not employed but are not actively seeking paid work in the same way as someone who is 'बेरोजगार'.
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Summary
The Hindi word 'बेरोजगार' (berozaar) is a crucial adjective meaning 'unemployed' or 'jobless'. It describes someone who lacks paid employment but is available and seeking work, commonly used in discussions about the economy, job market, and personal circumstances.
- Meaning: Unemployed, jobless.
- Usage: Adjective describing someone without paid work.
- Context: Economic discussions, personal situations.
- Key: Available for work.
Mastering the Sound
Focus on pronouncing 'बे' (be) clearly and giving a slight roll to the final 'र' (r) in 'गार' (gaar). Listen to native speakers and practice saying 'बेरोजगार' multiple times to get the rhythm right.
Context is Key
Remember that 'बेरोजगार' implies availability for work. Avoid using it for retired individuals or students unless they are actively job-seeking. Use it when describing someone who lacks a paid job but is looking for one.
Distinguish from Nouns
Always differentiate between 'बेरोजगार' (adjective - unemployed) and 'बेरोजगारी' (noun - unemployment). Using them correctly will make your sentences grammatically sound.
Connect to 'Pay'
Use the mnemonic: 'बे-' (be) sounds like 'pay'. If you don't get 'pay' (रोज़गार), you are 'बेरोजगार'. Visualize an empty wallet to remember the 'without' aspect.
Example
मेरे पड़ोसी कुछ महीनों से बेरोजगार हैं।
Related Content
Related Phrases
More work words
आचार संहिता
B1A set of rules outlining the responsibilities of, or proper practices for, an individual or organization.
आगे बढ़ाना
A2To make progress; to promote or advance something.
आहरित करना
B1To withdraw money; to take money out of an account.
आहिस्ता-आहिस्ता
B1Slowly, gradually; at a slow pace; in a gentle or unhurried manner.
आजीविका
B1Livelihood; a means of securing the necessities of life.
आंकड़े इकट्ठा करना
B1To gather facts and statistics for analysis.
आलेख तैयार करना
B1To draft a document; to prepare a written piece.
आलस्य से
B1Lazily; in a way that shows a lack of effort or enthusiasm.
आमदनी
A2Income, earnings
आने वाला कल
B1On the day after today.
