दौड़ना
दौड़ना in 30 Seconds
- Daunṛnā means 'to run' in Hindi, used for physical exercise and sports.
- It is an intransitive verb and does not use 'ne' in the past tense.
- Commonly confused with 'bhāgnā', which implies escaping or fleeing.
- Used metaphorically for things moving fast, like thoughts or business.
The Hindi verb दौड़ना (daunṛnā) is a primary action word used to describe the act of moving rapidly on foot. At its most basic level, it is the direct equivalent of the English verb 'to run'. However, in the rich tapestry of the Hindi language, its utility extends far beyond mere physical exertion. It encompasses the concepts of speed, urgency, competition, and even the functional operation of systems or thoughts. When you use this word, you are typically describing a gait where both feet are off the ground at some point during the stride, distinguishing it from 'chalnā' (to walk).
- Core Physical Action
- The physiological act of running for exercise, sport, or to reach a destination quickly.
बच्चे मैदान में दौड़ रहे हैं। (Children are running in the field.)
In a metaphorical sense, 'daunṛnā' is used to describe things that move quickly or function smoothly. For instance, one might say their mind is running (dimāg dauṛnā) when they are thinking rapidly or coming up with creative ideas. Similarly, in the context of business or machinery, it implies that things are progressing at a brisk pace. Unlike the word 'bhāgnā', which often carries a connotation of escaping or running away from something, 'daunṛnā' is more neutral and focused on the activity of running itself, often associated with health, athletics, and positive energy.
- Metaphorical Speed
- Used to describe the rapid flow of time, thoughts, or the successful operation of a business venture.
आजकल उसका व्यापार खूब दौड़ रहा है। (His business is running very well these days.)
Furthermore, the word is central to the concept of 'daunṛ' (a race). Whether it is a literal marathon or the metaphorical 'rat race' of modern life, the root remains the same. In Hindi literature and cinema, 'daunṛnā' often symbolizes a character's struggle, ambition, or the fast-paced nature of urban environments like Mumbai or Delhi. It is a verb that vibrates with the pulse of life and movement.
- Systemic Function
- Describing the smooth and fast operation of a machine, a computer program, or an organization.
नया सॉफ्टवेयर कंप्यूटर पर बहुत तेज दौड़ता है। (The new software runs very fast on the computer.)
वह सुबह से काम के लिए दौड़ रहा है। (He has been running around for work since morning.)
घोड़ा सरपट दौड़ रहा है। (The horse is running at a gallop.)
Mastering the usage of दौड़ना (daunṛnā) requires an understanding of its conjugation as an intransitive verb. Unlike transitive verbs like 'khānā' (to eat), 'daunṛnā' does not typically take the ergative marker 'ne' in the past tense in standard Hindi. This makes it relatively simpler for learners to manage. You conjugate it based on the gender and number of the subject. For example, 'Rām dauṛā' (Ram ran) vs. 'Sītā dauṛī' (Sita ran).
- Present Tense
- Mainly used for habits or general truths. Example: 'Main roz dauṛtā hūn' (I run every day).
वह बहुत तेज दौड़ती है। (She runs very fast.)
When using the continuous form, you use the root 'daunṛ' followed by 'rahā/rahī/rahe'. This is the most common way to describe someone currently in the act of running. It is also important to note the causative forms: 'dauṛānā' (to make someone run) and 'dauṛvānā' (to have someone else make someone run). These are used when you are the catalyst for the running action, such as a coach training an athlete or a shepherd moving a flock.
- Continuous Aspect
- Formed by adding rahā/rahī/rahe to the root. Example: 'Laṛke dauṛ rahe hain' (The boys are running).
पुलिस चोर के पीछे दौड़ रही है। (The police are running after the thief.)
In formal writing or sports commentary, you might encounter the noun form 'daunṛ' used with the verb 'lagānā' (to apply/to do). 'Daunṛ lagānā' is a common collocation that essentially means 'to go for a run'. This is often used when the running is a planned activity rather than a spontaneous reaction. Additionally, 'daunṛnā' can be used with postpositions like 'ke pīche' (behind/after) to indicate a chase.
- Compound Verbs
- Using 'daunṛ paṛnā' (to suddenly start running) adds a sense of suddenness or urgency to the action.
शेर को देखते ही वह दौड़ पड़ा। (As soon as he saw the lion, he started running.)
क्या तुम मेरे साथ दौड़ोगे? (Will you run with me?)
वह खुशी से दौड़ता हुआ आया। (He came running with joy.)
The word दौड़ना (daunṛnā) is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking environments, ranging from the mundane to the highly dramatic. You will hear it every morning in local parks where fitness enthusiasts encourage each other to 'tez dauṛo' (run fast). In schools, during physical education classes, the command 'dauṛo!' is a constant refrain. Sports commentary, especially during cricket matches when batsmen are taking runs, or during track and field events, is another major source of this vocabulary.
- Public Spaces
- Parks, gyms, and sports stadiums where physical activity is the primary focus.
कॉमेंटेटर: 'बल्लेबाज तेजी से दौड़ रहे हैं!' (Commentator: 'The batsmen are running fast!')
In Bollywood movies, 'daunṛnā' is a staple in action sequences. Whether it's the hero chasing the villain through the narrow lanes of Old Delhi or a romantic sequence where the protagonists run towards each other in a mustard field, the verb is central to the visual storytelling. News reports also use it frequently when describing people fleeing from a disaster or protesters marching through the streets. In these contexts, it conveys a sense of high energy and movement.
- Media and Entertainment
- Action movies, news bulletins, and dramatic TV serials where pace is essential.
शहर की भाग-दौड़ से दूर शांति चाहिए। (I want peace away from the hustle and bustle of the city.)
In the professional world, you might hear it in the context of 'running' a project or a business. Managers might ask, 'Kām kaisā dauṛ rahā hai?' (How is the work running/progressing?). This usage is common in corporate offices in cities like Bengaluru or Gurgaon. Even in domestic settings, a mother might tell her child, 'Ghar ke andar mat dauṛo' (Don't run inside the house), making it one of the first verbs a child learns and hears repeatedly.
- Professional Context
- Used to inquire about the progress of tasks or the efficiency of a system.
मेरा दिमाग घोड़े की तरह दौड़ता है। (My mind runs like a horse - i.e., very fast.)
वह बस पकड़ने के लिए दौड़ा। (He ran to catch the bus.)
दौड़ना सेहत के लिए अच्छा है। (Running is good for health.)
One of the most frequent errors for learners of Hindi is confusing दौड़ना (daunṛnā) with भागना (bhāgnā). While both can mean 'to run', 'bhāgnā' often implies running away, fleeing, or escaping. If you say 'Main chor ke pīche bhāg rahā hūn', it's correct, but if you say 'Main subah bhāgtā hūn' for your morning exercise, it sounds slightly odd to a native speaker, as 'daunṛnā' is the preferred term for athletic running.
- The 'Ne' Rule Mistake
- Applying 'ne' in the past tense. Incorrect: 'Usne dauṛā'. Correct: 'Vah dauṛā'.
गलत: उसने तेज दौड़ा। (Wrong: He ran fast - using 'ne')
Another common mistake involves the pronunciation of the retroflex 'ṛ' (ड़). Many learners pronounce it as a simple 'd' or 'r'. However, 'daunṛnā' requires the tongue to flap against the roof of the mouth. Mispronouncing this can sometimes make the word unrecognizable or change its meaning in subtle ways. Additionally, learners often struggle with the causative forms. Using 'daunṛnā' when you mean 'to make someone run' (dauṛānā) is a frequent grammatical slip.
- Causative Confusion
- Using the simple verb instead of the causative. Example: 'I ran the horse' should be 'Mainne ghoṛe ko dauṛāyā'.
सही: मैंने उसे मैदान में दौड़ाया। (Correct: I made him run in the field.)
Furthermore, learners sometimes use 'daunṛnā' for machines when 'chalnā' (to walk/to move) would be more appropriate. While you can say a computer 'runs' fast (tez dauṛtā hai), for a simple fan or a clock, 'chalnā' is the standard verb. Using 'daunṛnā' for a clock would imply it is moving at an unnaturally high speed. Understanding these nuances of 'running' vs. 'moving' is key to sounding like a native speaker.
- Over-extension
- Using 'daunṛnā' for every instance where English uses 'run' (like a running nose - which is 'nāk bahnā' in Hindi).
गलत: मेरी नाक दौड़ रही है। (Wrong: My nose is running - use 'bah rahī hai' instead.)
सही: वह बहुत दूर तक दौड़ी। (Correct: She ran a long way.)
गलत: हम कल दौड़ेंगे (Incorrect pluralization in some dialects). Correct: 'Ham dauṛenge'.
To truly understand दौड़ना (daunṛnā), it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related verbs. The most common related word is भागना (bhāgnā). While both involve rapid movement, 'bhāgnā' is often used for fleeing or running away from danger. Another word is चलन (chalnā), which means to walk or to move. 'Chalnā' is the broader term for movement, while 'daunṛnā' is a specific, high-speed subset of movement.
- दौड़ना vs. भागना
- 'Daunṛnā' is for exercise/sport; 'Bhāgnā' is for escaping or rushing.
वह कसरत के लिए दौड़ता है, लेकिन डर के मारे भागता है। (He runs for exercise, but flees out of fear.)
In more formal or literary contexts, you might encounter धावन (dhāvan), which is the Sanskritized noun for running. It is rarely used in daily speech but appears in terms like 'dhāvak' (runner/athlete). Another interesting comparison is with सरपट दौड़ना (sarpaṭ daunṛnā), which specifically means to gallop, usually used for horses. For humans, 'tez dauṛnā' (to run fast) or 'shirpāṭ dauṛnā' (to sprint) are more common.
- दौड़ना vs. टहलना
- 'Daunṛnā' is high intensity; 'Ṭahalnā' is a leisurely stroll or walk.
वह एक कुशल धावक है। (He is a skilled runner/athlete.)
There is also the verb लपकना (lapaknā), which means to spring forward or pounce, often involving a short, quick run. In the context of vehicles, we use 'chalnā' or 'dauṛnā' depending on the speed and context. A train 'dauṛtī hai' on the tracks, emphasizing its speed and power. Understanding these synonyms helps in choosing the right word to convey the exact intensity and purpose of the movement.
- दौड़ना vs. कूदना
- 'Daunṛnā' is horizontal movement; 'Kūdnā' is jumping or leaping.
रेलगाड़ी पटरियों पर दौड़ रही है। (The train is running on the tracks.)
खरगोश बहुत तेज दौड़ता है। (The rabbit runs very fast.)
वह गिरते-पड़ते दौड़ा। (He ran, stumbling and falling.)
How Formal Is It?
Difficulty Rating
Grammar to Know
Intransitive verbs in past tense.
Causative verb formation.
Present continuous construction.
Gender and number agreement.
Use of postpositions with oblique infinitives.
Examples by Level
मैं दौड़ता हूँ।
I run.
Present simple, masculine singular.
कुत्ता दौड़ रहा है।
The dog is running.
Present continuous.
वह तेज दौड़ती है।
She runs fast.
Present simple, feminine singular.
बच्चे दौड़ो!
Children, run!
Imperative plural.
घोड़ा दौड़ता है।
The horse runs.
General truth.
क्या तुम दौड़ते हो?
Do you run?
Interrogative present.
हम पार्क में दौड़ते हैं।
We run in the park.
Present simple plural.
बिल्ली मत दौड़ो।
Cat, don't run.
Negative imperative.
कल मैं बहुत दौड़ा।
I ran a lot yesterday.
Simple past, no 'ne'.
वह सुबह दौड़ लगाने गया।
He went for a run in the morning.
Compound phrase 'daunṛ lagānā'.
लड़की मैदान में दौड़ रही थी।
The girl was running in the field.
Past continuous.
दौड़ना सेहत के लिए अच्छा है।
Running is good for health.
Gerundial use.
वे बस के पीछे दौड़े।
They ran after the bus.
Past tense plural.
क्या तुम कल दौड़ोगे?
Will you run tomorrow?
Future tense.
वह धीरे-धीरे दौड़ रही है।
She is running slowly.
Adverbial use 'dhīre-dhīre'.
मेरे पैर दौड़ने से दुख रहे हैं।
My legs are hurting from running.
Oblique infinitive with postposition.
अगर तुम दौड़ोगे, तो जीत जाओगे।
If you run, you will win.
Conditional sentence.
उसने अपने घोड़े को मैदान में दौड़ाया।
He made his horse run in the field.
Causative verb 'dauṛānā' with 'ne'.
मेरा दिमाग इस समस्या पर दौड़ रहा है।
My mind is running on this problem.
Metaphorical use.
वह अचानक दौड़ पड़ा।
He suddenly started running.
Compound verb 'daunṛ paṛnā'.
काम अब तेजी से दौड़ रहा है।
The work is now running/progressing fast.
Abstract usage.
दौड़ते हुए उसने पीछे मुड़कर देखा।
While running, he looked back.
Present participle.
हमें इस प्रोजेक्ट के लिए बहुत दौड़ना पड़ेगा।
We will have to run around a lot for this project.
Compulsion with future.
वह दौड़ में प्रथम आया।
He came first in the race.
Noun form 'daunṛ'.
शहर की भाग-दौड़ से मैं थक गया हूँ।
I am tired of the city's hustle and bustle.
Compound noun 'bhāg-dauṛ'.
नया कंप्यूटर बहुत तेज दौड़ता है।
The new computer runs very fast.
Systemic function.
उसने अपनी पूरी ताकत से दौड़ लगाई।
He ran with all his might.
Emphasis with 'pūrī tākat'.
दौड़ते-दौड़ते उसका दम फूल गया।
He became breathless while running.
Reduplicated participle.
पुलिस चोर को पकड़ने के लिए दिन-रात दौड़ रही है।
The police are running day and night to catch the thief.
Adverbial phrase 'din-rāt'.
क्या आप जानते हैं कि मिल्खा सिंह कैसे दौड़ते थे?
Do you know how Milkha Singh used to run?
Habitual past.
इस योजना को दौड़ाने के लिए फंड चाहिए।
Funds are needed to run/implement this scheme.
Causative infinitive.
वह खुशी के मारे पागलों की तरह दौड़ने लगा।
He started running like crazy out of joy.
Inceptive 'lagne lagā'.
समय की धारा बड़ी तेजी से दौड़ रही है।
The stream of time is running very fast.
Poetic metaphor.
उसकी आँखों में एक चमक दौड़ गई।
A spark ran through his eyes.
Abstract movement.
लेखक ने अपनी कल्पना को दौड़ाया।
The author let his imagination run wild.
Causative metaphorical.
इस अफवाह ने पूरे गाँव में दौड़ लगा दी।
This rumor ran through the entire village.
Idiomatic usage.
राजनीतिक गलियारों में चर्चाएं दौड़ रही हैं।
Discussions are running through political corridors.
Formal metaphor.
बिना सोचे-समझे दौड़ना खतरनाक हो सकता है।
Running without thinking can be dangerous.
Philosophical advice.
उसकी रगों में देशभक्ति का खून दौड़ रहा है।
The blood of patriotism is running in his veins.
Biological metaphor.
अर्थव्यवस्था को दौड़ाने के लिए कड़े कदम उठाने होंगे।
Tough steps must be taken to run/boost the economy.
Macro-economic context.
जीवन की इस अंधी दौड़ में हम खुद को भूल गए हैं।
In this blind race of life, we have forgotten ourselves.
Existential metaphor.
उनकी लेखनी कागज़ पर सरपट दौड़ती है।
His pen gallops/runs smoothly on the paper.
Literary flair.
सभ्यता के विकास की दौड़ कभी नहीं रुकती।
The race of civilization's development never stops.
Historical context.
विचारों का द्वंद्व उसके मस्तिष्क में दौड़ता रहा।
The conflict of thoughts kept running in his mind.
Psychological depth.
तकनीकी क्रांति ने दुनिया को दौड़ा दिया है।
The technological revolution has made the world run (faster).
Complex causative.
क्या यह प्रगति केवल विनाश की ओर दौड़ रही है?
Is this progress only running towards destruction?
Rhetorical question.
उसने अपनी स्मृतियों के गलियारों में एक दौड़ लगाई।
He took a run through the corridors of his memories.
Evocative metaphor.
शब्दों की दौड़ में अर्थ कहीं पीछे छूट गया।
In the race of words, meaning was left behind somewhere.
Linguistic philosophy.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
Often Confused With
Idioms & Expressions
Easily Confused
Implies escaping or rushing away.
General movement or walking.
Leisurely walking.
Jumping.
Bouncing/Leaping.
Sentence Patterns
How to Use It
Always use 'daunṛnā' for jogging/exercise.
Daunṛnā is neutral; Bhāgnā is often urgent or negative.
Use 'chalnā' for slow machines, 'daunṛnā' for fast ones.
- Using 'ne' in the past tense (e.g., Usne dauṛā).
- Confusing 'daunṛnā' with 'bhāgnā' for exercise.
- Incorrect gender agreement (e.g., Sītā dauṛā).
- Mispronouncing the retroflex 'ṛ' as a dental 'd'.
- Using 'daunṛnā' for a 'running nose' (should be 'bahnā').
Tips
No 'Ne' in Past
Always remember that 'daunṛnā' is intransitive. Never use the 'ne' particle with it in the past tense. Say 'Vah dauṛā'.
The Retroflex Flap
The 'ṛ' in 'daunṛnā' is a retroflex flap. Practice by curling your tongue back and flicking it forward.
Compound Phrase
Use 'daunṛ lagānā' when you want to say 'to go for a run' as a planned activity.
Exercise vs. Escape
Use 'daunṛnā' for exercise and 'bhāgnā' for escaping. This makes your Hindi sound more natural.
Mind Running
Use 'dimāg dauṛānā' when you are brainstorming. It's a very common and useful idiom.
Gender Match
Always match the verb ending with the subject's gender: 'Laṛkā dauṛtā hai', 'Laṛkī dauṛtī hai'.
Adding Intensity
Add 'tez' before the verb to mean 'run fast'. 'Vah bahut tez dauṛtā hai'.
Current Action
Use 'rahā hai' for someone currently running. 'Vah abhi dauṛ rahā hai'.
Formal Contexts
In formal writing, you can use 'dhāvan' or 'dhāvak' for more sophisticated expression.
Hustle and Bustle
Use 'bhāg-dauṛ' to describe a busy day or a busy city life.
Memorize It
Visual Association
A pair of bright red running shoes hitting the pavement.
Word Origin
Sanskrit
Cultural Context
The movie 'Bhaag Milkha Bhaag' is a famous biopic about an Indian runner.
Cricket involves a lot of 'running' between wickets.
Some local festivals involve traditional races.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Conversation Starters
"क्या आप रोज दौड़ते हैं? (Do you run every day?)"
"आप एक किलोमीटर कितनी देर में दौड़ सकते हैं? (How fast can you run a kilometer?)"
"क्या आपको सुबह दौड़ना पसंद है? (Do you like running in the morning?)"
"आपका पसंदीदा धावक कौन है? (Who is your favorite runner?)"
"क्या आप कभी मैराथन में दौड़े हैं? (Have you ever run in a marathon?)"
Journal Prompts
आज मैं पार्क में दौड़ा...
दौड़ने के क्या फायदे हैं?
जब मैं छोटा था, मैं बहुत दौड़ता था...
मेरे जीवन की भाग-दौड़...
अगर मैं तेज दौड़ सकता तो...
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsIt is primarily intransitive. This means it doesn't take a direct object in its basic form and doesn't use 'ne' in the past tense.
No, in standard Hindi, you say 'Main dauṛā', not 'Mainne dauṛā'.
'Daunṛnā' is usually for exercise or sport. 'Bhāgnā' often means to run away or flee from something.
You say 'Mujhe dauṛnā pasand hai'.
It is an idiom meaning to think hard or use your brain creatively.
It becomes 'dauṛī'. For example, 'Sītā dauṛī'.
Yes, the formal word is 'dhāvak'.
Yes, if the car is moving very fast, you can say 'Kār saṛak par dauṛ rahī hai'.
It's a compound noun meaning hustle-bustle or the busy nature of life.
The causative form is 'dauṛānā'.
Test Yourself 190 questions
Write a sentence using 'daunṛnā' in the present tense.
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Translate: 'I ran yesterday.'
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Use 'dimāg dauṛānā' in a sentence.
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Write a sentence about a horse running.
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Translate: 'Will you run with me?'
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Describe 'bhāg-dauṛ' in your city.
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Write a sentence using the causative 'dauṛānā'.
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Translate: 'Running is good for the heart.'
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Use 'daunṛ paṛnā' in a story context.
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Translate: 'The train is running on the tracks.'
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Write a sentence about a marathon.
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Use 'dhāvak' in a formal sentence.
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Translate: 'Don't run inside the house.'
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Describe a chase scene using 'daunṛnā'.
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Write about the benefits of running.
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Translate: 'He came running to me.'
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Use 'vakt dauṛ rahā hai' in a sentence.
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Translate: 'I used to run in my childhood.'
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Write a metaphorical sentence about imagination.
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Translate: 'Why are you running so fast?'
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Say 'I run every day' in Hindi.
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Ask 'Why are you running?'
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Say 'He ran very fast.'
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Say 'I like to run in the park.'
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Say 'Don't run here.'
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Say 'We will run tomorrow.'
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Say 'The dog is running after the ball.'
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Say 'I am tired of running.'
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Say 'Run fast!'
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Say 'My mind is running.'
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Say 'She runs like a deer.'
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Say 'I went for a run.'
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Say 'The horse ran away.'
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Say 'He made me run.'
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Say 'Time is running out.'
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Say 'I will run a marathon.'
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Say 'Stop running!'
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Say 'They are running together.'
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Say 'The child came running.'
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Say 'I run for health.'
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Listen and identify: 'Vah tez dauṛtā hai.'
Listen and identify: 'Dauṛnā band karo.'
Listen and identify: 'Kal ham dauṛe the.'
Listen and identify: 'Dauṛ lagānā achhā hai.'
Listen and identify: 'Usne mujhe dauṛāyā.'
Listen and identify: 'Dauṛte-dauṛte thak gayā.'
Listen and identify: 'Bhāg-dauṛ mat karo.'
Listen and identify: 'Ghoṛā sarpaṭ dauṛā.'
Listen and identify: 'Vakt dauṛ rahā hai.'
Listen and identify: 'Dauṛne vālā kaun hai?'
Listen and identify: 'Kyā tum dauṛoge?'
Listen and identify: 'Vah dauṛtī huī āī.'
Listen and identify: 'Dimāg dauṛāo.'
Listen and identify: 'Dauṛ me kaun jītā?'
Listen and identify: 'Saṛak par mat dauṛo.'
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Summary
The verb 'daunṛnā' is essential for describing fast movement. Remember that it is intransitive, so in the past tense, you say 'Vah dauṛā' (He ran), never 'Usne dauṛā'. Use it for health, sports, and general speed.
- Daunṛnā means 'to run' in Hindi, used for physical exercise and sports.
- It is an intransitive verb and does not use 'ne' in the past tense.
- Commonly confused with 'bhāgnā', which implies escaping or fleeing.
- Used metaphorically for things moving fast, like thoughts or business.
No 'Ne' in Past
Always remember that 'daunṛnā' is intransitive. Never use the 'ne' particle with it in the past tense. Say 'Vah dauṛā'.
The Retroflex Flap
The 'ṛ' in 'daunṛnā' is a retroflex flap. Practice by curling your tongue back and flicking it forward.
Compound Phrase
Use 'daunṛ lagānā' when you want to say 'to go for a run' as a planned activity.
Exercise vs. Escape
Use 'daunṛnā' for exercise and 'bhāgnā' for escaping. This makes your Hindi sound more natural.
Related Content
Related Grammar Rules
More sports words
फुटबॉल
A2Football (sport).
फ़ेंकना
A2To throw; to cast.
गेम
A2Game.
गेंद
A2Ball; a round object used in games or sports.
हार
A2Defeat, loss.
हारना
A1To lose; to be defeated in a game or contest.
जीत
A2Victory, win.
जीतना
A1To win; to be victorious in a game or contest.
क्रिकेट
A2Cricket (sport).
क्रीड़ा
A2Play, sport (formal).