At the A1 level, 'उत्तरदायी होना' might be too complex. Beginners usually learn 'जिम्मेदार' (responsible) first. However, you can think of it simply as 'to be the one who did it' in a serious way. For an A1 learner, just recognize that 'उत्तर' means 'answer' and 'दायी' means 'giver'. So, if you are 'उत्तरदायी', you are the one who has to give the answer when someone asks 'Who did this?'. Focus on simple present tense usage like 'मैं उत्तरदायी हूँ' (I am accountable). At this stage, you don't need to worry about the deep legal nuances; just see it as a very polite and formal way to say you are responsible for something important.
At the A2 level, you can start using 'उत्तरदायी होना' in simple formal sentences. You should learn the structure [Something] + के लिए + उत्तरदायी होना. For example, 'मैं इस प्रोजेक्ट के लिए उत्तरदायी हूँ' (I am accountable for this project). You should also notice how the verb 'होना' changes based on the subject (है, हूँ, हैं). A2 learners should distinguish this from 'उत्तर देना' (to answer). While 'उत्तर देना' is the action of answering a question, 'उत्तरदायी होना' is the status of being the person who *must* answer if something happens. This is a great word to use if you are writing a formal email or introducing yourself in a job interview in Hindi.
At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'उत्तरदायी होना' in various tenses (past, present, and future). You should also understand its relationship with the noun 'उत्तरदायित्व' (accountability). You might start seeing this word in news articles or slightly more complex texts. A B1 learner should be able to explain the difference between 'जिम्मेदार' (general responsibility) and 'उत्तरदायी' (formal accountability). You should also be able to use it in the negative form 'उत्तरदायी नहीं होना'. For instance, 'वह इस दुर्घटना के लिए उत्तरदायी नहीं था' (He was not accountable for this accident). This level requires you to use the word in context where professional or moral duties are discussed.
At the B2 level (the target level for this word), you should master the nuances of 'उत्तरदायी होना'. You should understand that it implies a legal or official obligation. You should be able to use it in complex sentences with subordinate clauses. For example, 'यह सुनिश्चित करना सरकार का कर्तव्य है कि सभी अधिकारी अपने कार्यों के लिए जनता के प्रति उत्तरदायी हों' (It is the government's duty to ensure that all officials are accountable to the public for their actions). You should also be familiar with related phrases like 'उत्तरदायी ठहराना' (to hold accountable) and 'सामूहिक उत्तरदायित्व' (collective responsibility). B2 learners should use this word to discuss abstract concepts like social ethics, corporate governance, and legal liability.
At the C1 level, you should use 'उत्तरदायी होना' with precision in academic, legal, or literary contexts. You should understand the historical and Sanskrit roots of the word and how it fits into the broader vocabulary of Indian governance (Rajbhasha). You should be able to debate complex topics like 'पर्यावरण के प्रति औद्योगिक घरानों का उत्तरदायी होना' (The accountability of industrial houses towards the environment). At this level, you should also recognize the subtle stylistic differences between 'उत्तरदायी', 'जवाबदेह', and 'उत्तरदायी ठहराया जाना'. You should be able to use this word in professional writing to convey a high degree of authority and formal tone.
At the C2 level, 'उत्तरदायी होना' should be a natural part of your high-level discourse. You should be able to use it in philosophical discussions about free will and moral agency. You can explore its usage in classical Hindi literature or constitutional law. A C2 speaker understands the weight this word carries in a courtroom or a parliamentary debate. You can use it to construct sophisticated arguments, such as analyzing the extent to which an individual is 'उत्तरदायी' for societal trends. You should also be able to play with the word in rhetorical contexts, using it to emphasize the gravity of a situation or the depth of a person's duty.

उत्तरदायी होना in 30 Seconds

  • It is a formal term for 'accountability' or 'responsibility' in Hindi.
  • Commonly used in legal, corporate, and political contexts to assign blame or duty.
  • Constructed as [Subject] + [Cause] + के लिए + उत्तरदायी होना.
  • The word 'Uttar' means answer, highlighting the aspect of being 'answerable'.

The Hindi verb phrase उत्तरदायी होना (Uttar-daayi hona) is a sophisticated term primarily used to denote accountability, liability, or the state of being answerable for an action or its consequences. While the common word for responsibility is 'जिम्मेदारी' (zimmedari), 'उत्तरदायी होना' carries a more formal, legal, or moral weight. It is derived from the Sanskrit words 'Uttara' (answer/response) and 'Dayi' (giver/bearer), literally translating to 'being the giver of an answer.'

Formal Accountability
This term is frequently used in administrative and legal contexts. For instance, a government official is 'उत्तरदायी' to the public for their policy decisions. It implies that if things go wrong, the person must explain why and face the consequences.
Moral Blame
In social settings, it is used to assign blame or credit for a specific outcome. If a project fails due to one person's negligence, they are considered 'उत्तरदायी' for the failure.

प्रबंधक अपनी टीम के प्रदर्शन के लिए उत्तरदायी होता है। (The manager is accountable for the team's performance.)

When using this phrase, the subject is usually followed by the postposition 'के लिए' (for). For example, 'गलती के लिए उत्तरदायी' (accountable for the mistake). It is a compound verb where 'उत्तरदायी' acts as the adjective/noun component and 'होना' is the auxiliary verb that conjugates based on tense, gender, and number. Understanding this word is crucial for professional communication in Hindi-speaking environments, as it moves beyond simple tasks and into the realm of professional liability and ethical duty.

क्या आप इस नुकसान के लिए उत्तरदायी होना स्वीकार करते हैं? (Do you accept being accountable for this loss?)

In modern Hindi literature and news media, this term is the standard way to discuss 'transparency and accountability' (पारदर्शिता और उत्तरदायित्व). It is less about the daily chores and more about the 'buck stops here' philosophy. If you are learning Hindi for business, law, or sociology, mastering the nuances of 'उत्तरदायी होना' will significantly elevate your register from conversational to professional.

Using उत्तरदायी होना requires an understanding of how Hindi verbs interact with subjects and objects. Since it is an intransitive compound verb (though it often takes a 'for' object), the focus is on the state of the subject. The most common structure is: [Subject] + [Cause/Reason] + के लिए + उत्तरदायी + [होना in conjugated form].

Tense Conjugation
In the present tense, it becomes 'उत्तरदायी हूँ/है/हैं'. In the past, 'उत्तरदायी था/थी/थे'. In the future, 'उत्तरदायी होगा/होगी/होंगे'. Note that 'उत्तरदायी' itself does not change; only 'होना' changes.

सरकार शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता के लिए उत्तरदायी है। (The government is accountable for the quality of education.)

When you want to say 'to make someone accountable', the verb changes to 'उत्तरदायी ठहराना' (Uttar-daayi thahraana). This is a crucial distinction. 'होना' is 'to be', while 'ठहराना' is 'to hold someone [as]'.

हम अपनी गलतियों के लिए खुद उत्तरदायी होंगे। (We will be accountable for our own mistakes.)

Another common usage involves the negative form: 'उत्तरदायी न होना' or 'अनुत्तरदायी होना' (to be unaccountable/irresponsible). Using 'उत्तरदायी' in a sentence immediately signals to the listener that the topic is serious, likely involving consequences, duties, or formal obligations. It is rarely used for trivial matters like 'who is responsible for cleaning the dishes' unless one is speaking jokingly or very formally.

You will encounter उत्तरदायी होना in specific high-register environments. It is not a word you would typically hear in a casual conversation at a vegetable market, but it is ubiquitous in other areas.

News and Journalism
News anchors often use this when discussing political scandals, environmental disasters, or economic shifts. Phrases like 'किसको उत्तरदायी माना जाए?' (Who should be considered accountable?) are common headlines.
Corporate and Legal Documents
In employment contracts or Terms of Service (ToS) translated into Hindi, this phrase describes liability. 'कंपनी किसी भी डेटा हानि के लिए उत्तरदायी नहीं होगी' (The company will not be liable for any data loss).

न्यायालय ने उसे इस अपराध के लिए उत्तरदायी पाया। (The court found him accountable for this crime.)

In educational settings, teachers might use it to discuss civic duties. For example, 'एक नागरिक के रूप में, आप समाज के प्रति उत्तरदायी हैं' (As a citizen, you are accountable to society). It is also a key term in UPSC (Civil Services) exams in India, specifically in the Ethics and Governance papers.

Even advanced learners make mistakes with उत्तरदायी होना due to its formal nature and specific prepositional requirements.

Using the Wrong Preposition
Learners often use 'का' (of) instead of 'के लिए' (for). Incorrect: 'वह गलती का उत्तरदायी है।' Correct: 'वह गलती के लिए उत्तरदायी है।'
Confusing with 'जिम्मेदार'
While often interchangeable, 'जिम्मेदार' (zimmedar) can mean 'reliable' or 'responsible' in a general sense. 'उत्तरदायी' specifically focuses on the 'answerability' aspect. You wouldn't call a child 'उत्तरदायी' for doing their homework; you'd call them 'जिम्मेदार'.

गलत: मैं इस काम के लिए उत्तरदायित्व हूँ। (Incorrect: I am accountability.)
सही: मैं इस काम के लिए उत्तरदायी हूँ। (Correct: I am accountable.)

Another common error is confusing the noun 'उत्तरदायित्व' (accountability) with the adjective/verb form 'उत्तरदायी' (accountable). You cannot 'be' an 'उत्तरदायित्व'; you 'have' it or you 'are' 'उत्तरदायी'.

Hindi has several words related to responsibility and accountability, each with a different nuance. Choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific context.

जिम्मेदार होना (Zimmedar hona)
The most common and versatile term. It covers everything from being a responsible person to being responsible for an accident. Register: Neutral/Common.
जवाबदेह होना (Jawabdeh hona)
Very close to 'उत्तरदायी होना'. It literally means 'to be answer-giving'. It is used heavily in political and administrative contexts regarding transparency. Register: Formal.
देय होना (Deya hona)
Specifically used for financial liability or debts. 'Tax deya hai' (Tax is due/payable). Register: Technical/Financial.

तुलना:
1. वह काम के लिए जिम्मेदार है। (General responsibility)
2. वह कानून के प्रति उत्तरदायी है। (Legal accountability)

When you want to express 'blame' specifically, you might use 'दोषी होना' (to be guilty) or 'कसूरवार होना' (to be at fault). However, 'उत्तरदायी होना' remains the most professional way to discuss the burden of consequences without necessarily implying criminal guilt.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The word 'Uttar' also means 'North' in Hindi. This is because in ancient Indian maps/traditions, the direction one faced to give an 'answer' or 'response' in a court or debate was often associated with the North.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /ʊt̪.t̪əɾ.d̪ɑː.jiː hoː.nɑː/
US /ʊt.tər.daɪ.i hoʊ.nɑ/
The primary stress is on the first syllable of 'Uttar' (Ut-) and the first syllable of 'Daayi' (Daay-).
Rhymes With
दायी (Daayi) स्थायी (Sthaayi - Permanent) दिखायी (Dikhaayi - Seen) बधायी (Badhaayi - Congratulations) सफ़ायी (Safaayi - Cleanliness) कमाई (Kamaayi - Earnings) लड़ाई (Ladaayi - Fight) पढ़ाई (Padhaayi - Studies)
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing 't' as an alveolar 't' (like English 'top') instead of dental 't' (tongue touching teeth).
  • Shortening the final 'ee' sound in 'daayi'.
  • Misplacing the stress on 'hona' instead of 'uttardaayi'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 4/5

Requires understanding of Sanskrit-based formal vocabulary.

Writing 5/5

Challenging to use correctly with the right prepositions and context.

Speaking 4/5

Pronunciation is key; dental 't' sounds can be tricky for English speakers.

Listening 4/5

Often spoken quickly in news or formal debates.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

उत्तर होना जिम्मेदार लिए काम

Learn Next

उत्तरदायित्व जवाबदेह पारदर्शिता प्रशासन दायित्व

Advanced

विधिक उत्तरदायित्व नैतिकता संवैधानिक प्राधिकार जवाबदेही

Grammar to Know

Compound Verb Construction

Adjective (उत्तरदायी) + Hona (Auxiliary verb).

Postposition 'Ke Liye'

Always use 'के लिए' to indicate the object of accountability.

Subject-Verb Agreement

'होना' must match the number and gender of the subject.

Formal vs. Informal register

Use 'उत्तरदायी' for formal and 'जिम्मेदार' for informal contexts.

Transitive vs Intransitive

'उत्तरदायी होना' is intransitive; 'उत्तरदायी ठहराना' is transitive.

Examples by Level

1

मैं उत्तरदायी हूँ।

I am accountable.

Simple present tense with 'हूँ'.

2

क्या आप उत्तरदायी हैं?

Are you accountable?

Interrogative sentence using 'हैं' for respect.

3

वह उत्तरदायी नहीं है।

He/She is not accountable.

Negative sentence using 'नहीं'.

4

हम उत्तरदायी हैं।

We are accountable.

Plural subject 'हम' with 'हैं'.

5

यह उत्तरदायी होना है।

This is being accountable.

Using the infinitive as a gerund.

6

राम उत्तरदायी था।

Ram was accountable.

Past tense with 'था'.

7

सीता उत्तरदायी थी।

Sita was accountable.

Past tense feminine with 'थी'.

8

वे उत्तरदायी होंगे।

They will be accountable.

Future tense plural 'होंगे'.

1

मैं इस काम के लिए उत्तरदायी हूँ।

I am accountable for this work.

Use of 'के लिए' (for).

2

क्या तुम इस गलती के लिए उत्तरदायी हो?

Are you accountable for this mistake?

Informal 'तुम' with 'हो'.

3

वह अपने परिवार के लिए उत्तरदायी है।

He is accountable for his family.

Possessive 'अपने' used with the subject.

4

हम इस जीत के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं।

We are accountable for this victory.

Positive accountability/credit.

5

आप अपनी सेहत के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं।

You are accountable for your health.

Formal 'आप' with 'हैं'.

6

वह कल के कार्यक्रम के लिए उत्तरदायी था।

He was accountable for yesterday's program.

Past tense with a specific event.

7

क्या वे इस नुकसान के लिए उत्तरदायी होंगे?

Will they be accountable for this loss?

Future interrogative.

8

मैं अपनी पढ़ाई के लिए उत्तरदायी हूँ।

I am accountable for my studies.

Personal responsibility context.

1

प्रबंधक पूरी टीम के काम के लिए उत्तरदायी होता है।

The manager is (usually) accountable for the whole team's work.

Habitual present using 'होता है'.

2

आपको अपने व्यवहार के लिए उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए।

You should be accountable for your behavior.

Use of 'चाहिए' (should).

3

क्या सरकार प्रदूषण के लिए उत्तरदायी है?

Is the government accountable for pollution?

Social/Political context.

4

यदि कुछ गलत हुआ, तो मैं उत्तरदायी होऊँगा।

If something goes wrong, I will be accountable.

Conditional sentence 'यदि... तो'.

5

वह अपनी टीम की विफलता के लिए उत्तरदायी नहीं होना चाहता।

He doesn't want to be accountable for his team's failure.

Using 'चाहना' (to want).

6

हमें समाज के प्रति उत्तरदायी होना सीखना होगा।

We will have to learn to be accountable to society.

Use of 'होगा' for 'will have to'.

7

पिछली सरकार इस आर्थिक संकट के लिए उत्तरदायी थी।

The previous government was accountable for this economic crisis.

Historical/Political past tense.

8

क्या आप इस निर्णय के परिणामों के लिए उत्तरदायी होने को तैयार हैं?

Are you ready to be accountable for the consequences of this decision?

Using 'होने को तैयार' (ready to be).

1

लोकतंत्र में, चुनी हुई सरकार जनता के प्रति उत्तरदायी होती है।

In a democracy, the elected government is accountable to the people.

Formal political science terminology.

2

कंपनी किसी भी तकनीकी खराबी के लिए उत्तरदायी नहीं होगी।

The company will not be liable for any technical fault.

Legal/Corporate future tense.

3

वैज्ञानिकों को अपने शोध के नैतिक परिणामों के लिए उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए।

Scientists should be accountable for the ethical consequences of their research.

Ethical/Professional context.

4

क्या अधिकारी इस भ्रष्टाचार के लिए व्यक्तिगत रूप से उत्तरदायी हैं?

Are the officials personally accountable for this corruption?

Use of 'व्यक्तिगत रूप से' (personally).

5

उत्तरदायी होना केवल एक कर्तव्य नहीं, बल्कि एक गुण है।

Being accountable is not just a duty, but a virtue.

Abstract philosophical usage.

6

न्यायालय ने स्पष्ट किया कि मालिक अपने कर्मचारियों के कार्यों के लिए उत्तरदायी होगा।

The court clarified that the owner will be liable for the actions of their employees.

Legal 'Vicarious Liability' context.

7

इस परियोजना की देरी के लिए कौन उत्तरदायी है?

Who is accountable for the delay of this project?

Professional inquiry.

8

स्वतंत्रता का अर्थ अपने कार्यों के लिए उत्तरदायी होना भी है।

Freedom also means being accountable for one's actions.

Philosophical definition.

1

संवैधानिक रूप से, कार्यपालिका विधायिका के प्रति उत्तरदायी होती है।

Constitutionally, the executive is accountable to the legislature.

High-level political terminology.

2

पर्यावरणीय विनाश के लिए बड़े औद्योगिक घरानों को उत्तरदायी ठहराया जाना चाहिए।

Large industrial houses should be held accountable for environmental destruction.

Passive voice 'ठहराया जाना चाहिए'.

3

नैतिक दर्शन में, 'उत्तरदायी होना' स्वतंत्र इच्छा (free will) की अवधारणा से जुड़ा है।

In moral philosophy, 'being accountable' is linked to the concept of free will.

Academic philosophical context.

4

क्या मीडिया समाज में घृणा फैलाने के लिए उत्तरदायी है?

Is the media accountable for spreading hatred in society?

Sociological critique.

5

अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कानून के तहत, राष्ट्र अपने नागरिकों के मानवाधिकारों के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं।

Under international law, nations are accountable for the human rights of their citizens.

International legal context.

6

डिजिटल युग में, डेटा की गोपनीयता के लिए टेक कंपनियाँ उत्तरदायी होनी चाहिए।

In the digital age, tech companies should be accountable for data privacy.

Contemporary technological context.

7

व्यक्ति को अपने अवचेतन निर्णयों के लिए कितना उत्तरदायी माना जा सकता है?

How much can an individual be considered accountable for their subconscious decisions?

Psychological/Philosophical inquiry.

8

ऐतिहासिक भूलों के लिए वर्तमान पीढ़ियों को उत्तरदायी नहीं ठहराया जा सकता।

Present generations cannot be held accountable for historical blunders.

Complex social argument.

1

उत्तरदायित्व की अनुपस्थिति में सत्ता निरंकुश हो जाती है।

In the absence of accountability, power becomes autocratic.

Aphoristic/Philosophical style.

2

क्या कोई व्यक्ति उन परिस्थितियों के लिए उत्तरदायी हो सकता है जो उसके नियंत्रण से बाहर हैं?

Can an individual be accountable for circumstances that are beyond their control?

Abstract existential inquiry.

3

प्रशासनिक पारदर्शिता का मूल मंत्र ही अधिकारियों का उत्तरदायी होना है।

The core mantra of administrative transparency is the accountability of officials.

Professional governance discourse.

4

वैश्विक तापन के लिए विकसित राष्ट्रों को ऐतिहासिक रूप से उत्तरदायी माना जाता है।

Developed nations are considered historically accountable for global warming.

Geopolitical debate context.

5

लेखक अपनी रचना के सामाजिक प्रभावों के लिए नैतिक रूप से उत्तरदायी होता है।

An author is morally accountable for the social impacts of their work.

Literary ethics context.

6

संसदीय लोकतंत्र की आधारशिला मंत्रिपरिषद का निचले सदन के प्रति उत्तरदायी होना है।

The cornerstone of parliamentary democracy is the accountability of the council of ministers to the lower house.

Constitutional law precision.

7

कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता (AI) द्वारा की गई गलतियों के लिए किसे उत्तरदायी ठहराया जाएगा?

Who will be held accountable for mistakes made by Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

Futuristic legal/ethical debate.

8

मानवीय अस्तित्व की सार्थकता अपने कर्मों के प्रति पूर्णतः उत्तरदायी होने में निहित है।

The meaning of human existence lies in being fully accountable for one's actions.

Existential philosophical statement.

Synonyms

जिम्मेदार होना जवाबदेह होना देय होना दोषी होना कसूरवार होना उत्तरदायित्व निभाना लायबल होना उत्तरदायी ठहराया जाना

Antonyms

अनुत्तरदायी होना गैर-जिम्मेदार होना मुक्त होना निर्दोष होना

Common Collocations

कानूनी रूप से उत्तरदायी
नैतिक रूप से उत्तरदायी
व्यक्तिगत रूप से उत्तरदायी
पूरी तरह से उत्तरदायी
जनता के प्रति उत्तरदायी
नुकसान के लिए उत्तरदायी
सीधे तौर पर उत्तरदायी
संवैधानिक रूप से उत्तरदायी
संयुक्त रूप से उत्तरदायी
भविष्य के लिए उत्तरदायी

Common Phrases

उत्तरदायी कौन है?

— A direct question asking who is to blame or accountable.

इस विफलता के लिए उत्तरदायी कौन है?

स्वयं उत्तरदायी होना

— To be responsible for oneself or one's own actions.

आप अपनी पसंद के लिए स्वयं उत्तरदायी हैं।

उत्तरदायी ठहराना

— To hold someone else accountable for something.

पुलिस ने उसे चोरी के लिए उत्तरदायी ठहराया।

उत्तरदायी महसूस करना

— To feel a sense of accountability or guilt.

मैं इस घटना के लिए उत्तरदायी महसूस करता हूँ।

उत्तरदायी नहीं माना जाना

— To be cleared of accountability.

उसे इस मामले में उत्तरदायी नहीं माना गया।

सामूहिक रूप से उत्तरदायी

— To be collectively accountable as a group.

पूरी टीम सामूहिक रूप से उत्तरदायी है।

उत्तरदायी बनने की जरूरत

— The need to become accountable.

हमें और अधिक उत्तरदायी बनने की जरूरत है।

उत्तरदायी होने का अर्थ

— The meaning of being accountable.

उत्तरदायी होने का अर्थ है अपनी गलतियों को स्वीकार करना।

कानून के समक्ष उत्तरदायी

— Accountable before the law.

हर नागरिक कानून के समक्ष उत्तरदायी है।

पदों के प्रति उत्तरदायी

— Accountable to the positions held.

मंत्री अपने पदों के प्रति उत्तरदायी होते हैं।

Often Confused With

उत्तरदायी होना vs उत्तर देना

This means 'to answer a question', whereas 'उत्तरदायी होना' means 'to be accountable'.

उत्तरदायी होना vs उत्तरदायित्व

This is the noun 'accountability', while 'उत्तरदायी' is the adjective 'accountable'.

उत्तरदायी होना vs जिम्मेदार

More general; can mean 'reliable' or 'responsible for chores', not just formal accountability.

Idioms & Expressions

"पल्ला झाड़ना"

— To wash one's hands of responsibility (antonymic idiom).

उसने गलती करके अपना पल्ला झाड़ लिया।

Informal
"सिर मढ़ना"

— To pin the blame on someone else's head.

उसने सारा दोष मेरे सिर मढ़ दिया।

Informal
"जवाबदेही तय करना"

— To fix accountability (formal idiom).

इस मामले में जवाबदेही तय करना जरूरी है।

Formal
"बलि का बकरा बनाना"

— To make someone a scapegoat (related to unfair accountability).

उसे बलि का बकरा बनाया गया।

Common
"कंधों पर बोझ होना"

— To have the burden of responsibility on one's shoulders.

उसके कंधों पर पूरे परिवार का उत्तरदायित्व है।

Metaphorical
"कटघरे में खड़ा करना"

— To put someone in the dock (to hold them accountable publicly).

विपक्ष ने सरकार को कटघरे में खड़ा कर दिया।

Journalistic
"आँखें मूँद लेना"

— To turn a blind eye (neglecting accountability).

प्रशासन ने भ्रष्टाचार पर आँखें मूँद लीं।

Common
"अपने पैरों पर कुल्हाड़ी मारना"

— To hit one's own foot with an axe (being accountable for self-harm).

उसने इस्तीफा देकर अपने पैरों पर कुल्हाड़ी मार ली।

Common
"दूध का दूध पानी का पानी करना"

— To reveal the truth (finding who is truly accountable).

जांच के बाद दूध का दूध पानी का पानी हो जाएगा।

Common
"गले पड़ना"

— To become someone's responsibility/burden unwillingly.

यह मुसीबत मेरे गले पड़ गई है।

Informal

Easily Confused

उत्तरदायी होना vs जवाबदेह

Both mean accountable.

'जवाबदेह' often implies answering to a specific person/boss, while 'उत्तरदायी' can be a more general legal or moral state.

वह अपने बॉस के प्रति जवाबदेह है।

उत्तरदायी होना vs देय

Both relate to liability.

'देय' is strictly for financial payments or things 'due'.

बिल सोमवार को देय है।

उत्तरदायी होना vs दोषी

Both involve being 'at fault'.

'दोषी' implies guilt and often a crime; 'उत्तरदायी' is about the duty to answer for an outcome.

चोर दोषी पाया गया।

उत्तरदायी होना vs उत्तर

Root word confusion.

'उत्तर' is just 'answer' or 'North'.

मेरा उत्तर सही है।

उत्तरदायी होना vs अधिकारी

Both used in formal contexts.

'अधिकारी' means 'officer' or 'one with rights'; 'उत्तरदायी' is the one with 'duties'.

अधिकारी को उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए।

Sentence Patterns

A1

मैं [Adjective] हूँ।

मैं उत्तरदायी हूँ।

A2

वह [Noun] के लिए उत्तरदायी है।

वह काम के लिए उत्तरदायी है।

B1

[Subject] को उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए।

हमें उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए।

B2

यदि [Condition], तो [Subject] उत्तरदायी होगा।

यदि नुकसान हुआ, तो कंपनी उत्तरदायी होगी।

B2

[Subject], [Authority] के प्रति उत्तरदायी है।

मंत्री संसद के प्रति उत्तरदायी है।

C1

यह [Noun] का उत्तरदायी होना दर्शाता है।

यह सरकार का उत्तरदायी होना दर्शाता है।

C1

[Concept] के लिए किसी को उत्तरदायी ठहराना कठिन है।

ग्लोबल वार्मिंग के लिए किसी एक को उत्तरदायी ठहराना कठिन है।

C2

[Subject] की [Quality] उसके उत्तरदायी होने में है।

मनुष्य की श्रेष्ठता उसके उत्तरदायी होने में है।

Word Family

Nouns

उत्तरदायित्व (Accountability/Responsibility)
उत्तर (Answer/Response)

Verbs

उत्तर देना (To answer)
उत्तरदायी ठहराना (To hold accountable)

Adjectives

उत्तरदायी (Accountable)
अनुत्तरदायी (Unaccountable/Irresponsible)

Related

जवाबदेह
जिम्मेदार
दायित्व
कर्तव्य
निष्ठा

How to Use It

frequency

High in news, legal, and professional contexts; Moderate in daily speech.

Common Mistakes
  • वह गलती का उत्तरदायी है। वह गलती के लिए उत्तरदायी है।

    The postposition 'के लिए' is required after the cause.

  • मैं उत्तरदायित्व हूँ। मैं उत्तरदायी हूँ।

    You cannot be 'accountability' (noun); you must be 'accountable' (adjective).

  • वे उत्तरदायी है। वे उत्तरदायी हैं।

    Plural subject 'वे' requires 'हैं' with a nasal sound.

  • वह उत्तरदायी होना चाहता है। (as 'He wants to answer') वह उत्तर देना चाहता है।

    Confusing 'being accountable' with the act of 'answering'.

  • उसने उत्तरदायी किया। उसने उसे उत्तरदायी ठहराया।

    To hold someone accountable is 'उत्तरदायी ठहराना', not 'karna'.

Tips

Agreement

Always make sure the verb 'होना' agrees with the subject, not the object of 'के लिए'.

Synonym Choice

Use 'उत्तरदायी' in formal writing and 'जिम्मेदार' in casual texts.

Professionalism

Using this word in a job interview shows a high level of Hindi proficiency.

Root Link

Remember 'Uttar' = Answer. This helps you remember that it means 'Answerable'.

Liability

In legal Hindi, this is the standard word for 'liable'.

Social Duty

Use it when discussing a citizen's duty to the country.

Dental T

Keep your tongue against your teeth for the 'tt' sound.

Noun vs Adjective

Don't say 'मैं उत्तरदायित्व हूँ'; say 'मैं उत्तरदायी हूँ'.

Prefix 'An-'

The formal opposite is 'अनुत्तरदायी' (An-uttardaayi).

Prepositions

Always use 'के प्रति' (towards) or 'के लिए' (for) with this word.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Uttar' as 'Answer'. If you are 'Uttar-daayi', you are the 'Answer-Giver'. When the boss asks 'Why?', you are the one who has to give the answer.

Visual Association

Imagine a person standing at a podium in a courtroom (the 'Answer-Giver' or 'Uttar-daayi'). They are the center of attention because they are accountable.

Word Web

Accountability Responsibility Legal Formal Answerable Duty Liability Moral

Challenge

Try to write three sentences about your professional role using 'उत्तरदायी होना' instead of 'जिम्मेदार होना'.

Word Origin

Derived from Sanskrit 'Uttaradaayin'. 'Uttara' (उत्तर) means answer or response, and 'Daayin' (दायी) comes from 'Daa' (to give).

Original meaning: One who gives an answer; someone who is answerable.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit -> Prakrit -> Hindi).

Cultural Context

Be careful not to use this word too casually; it can sound accusatory or overly stiff in a relaxed social setting.

While English speakers use 'responsible' for both chores and legal duties, Hindi speakers distinguish between 'zimmedar' (general) and 'uttardaayi' (formal).

The Indian Constitution uses 'उत्तरदायित्व' to describe the government's role. Lal Bahadur Shastri is often cited as an example of 'उत्तरदायी होना' for resigning as Rail Minister after a major accident. Bhagavad Gita's teachings on 'Karma' involve being accountable for one's actions.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Workplace

  • प्रोजेक्ट के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • टीम के प्रति उत्तरदायी
  • परिणामों के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • चूक के लिए उत्तरदायी

Legal

  • कानूनी रूप से उत्तरदायी
  • क्षतिपूर्ति के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • अपराध के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • न्यायालय के समक्ष उत्तरदायी

Politics

  • जनता के प्रति उत्तरदायी
  • संसद के प्रति उत्तरदायी
  • नीतियों के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • भ्रष्टाचार के लिए उत्तरदायी

Personal Life

  • अपने कार्यों के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • परिवार के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • भविष्य के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • गलतियों के लिए उत्तरदायी

Ethics

  • नैतिक रूप से उत्तरदायी
  • समाज के प्रति उत्तरदायी
  • पर्यावरण के लिए उत्तरदायी
  • मानवता के प्रति उत्तरदायी

Conversation Starters

"क्या आपको लगता है कि सोशल मीडिया कंपनियाँ फेक न्यूज़ के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं?"

"एक अच्छे नेता को किसके प्रति उत्तरदायी होना चाहिए?"

"क्या हम अपने पूर्वजों के कार्यों के लिए उत्तरदायी हो सकते हैं?"

"कार्यस्थल पर उत्तरदायी होने के क्या फायदे हैं?"

"जब कोई उत्तरदायी होने से बचता है, तो आप क्या करते हैं?"

Journal Prompts

आज मैंने किन कार्यों के लिए स्वयं को उत्तरदायी महसूस किया?

क्या कभी मुझे किसी ऐसी चीज़ के लिए उत्तरदायी ठहराया गया जो मैंने नहीं की थी?

मेरे जीवन में सबसे बड़ा उत्तरदायित्व क्या है और मैं उसे कैसे निभा रहा हूँ?

उत्तरदायी होना और स्वतंत्र होना - क्या ये दोनों साथ-साथ चल सकते हैं?

एक उत्तरदायी समाज बनाने के लिए हमें किन बदलावों की आवश्यकता है?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

It sounds very formal for children. Use 'जिम्मेदार होना' instead unless you are being ironic or teaching them about formal duties.

'उत्तरदायी' is the adjective (accountable). 'होना' is the verb (to be). Together they form the phrase 'to be accountable'.

'उत्तरदायी' is more formal and implies a legal or moral answerability. 'जिम्मेदार' is common and can mean 'responsible' in any sense (e.g., a responsible driver).

You say 'मैं तुम्हें उत्तरदायी ठहराता हूँ' (Main tumhe uttardaayi thahraata hoon).

Yes, the word 'उत्तरदायी' ends in 'ee' and remains the same for masculine and feminine subjects. Only the auxiliary verb 'होना' changes.

Yes, you can be 'उत्तरदायी' for a success, though it is more commonly used in the context of duties or failures.

They are almost identical. 'जवाबदेह' is slightly more common in spoken administrative Hindi, while 'उत्तरदायी' is more common in written Hindi.

The noun form is 'उत्तरदायित्व' (Uttardaayitva), meaning 'accountability'.

No, here it means 'Answer/Response'.

Only if the conversation is serious, professional, or academic.

Test Yourself 187 questions

writing

Write a sentence in Hindi saying: 'I am accountable for my mistakes.'

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writing

Write a sentence in Hindi saying: 'The government is accountable to the public.'

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writing

Translate: 'Who is accountable for this loss?'

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writing

Translate: 'The company will not be liable for technical errors.'

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writing

Write a formal sentence about a manager's accountability.

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writing

Use 'उत्तरदायी' in a future tense sentence.

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writing

Translate: 'You should be accountable for your actions.'

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writing

Write a sentence using the word 'नैतिक रूप से' (morally) and 'उत्तरदायी'.

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writing

Translate: 'He was not held accountable for the accident.'

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writing

Write a short paragraph (2-3 sentences) about why accountability is important in a job.

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writing

Translate: 'Freedom comes with accountability.'

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writing

Write a sentence about collective responsibility in a sports team.

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writing

Translate: 'Is media accountable for the news it shows?'

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writing

Use 'उत्तरदायी' in a question about a historical event.

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writing

Translate: 'I don't want to be accountable for this.'

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writing

Write a sentence about environmental accountability.

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writing

Translate: 'Who should be held accountable for corruption?'

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writing

Use 'उत्तरदायी' in a sentence about personal health.

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writing

Translate: 'Accountability is the foundation of democracy.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'उत्तरदायी ठहराना'.

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speaking

Pronounce correctly: 'उत्तरदायी होना'. Focus on dental 't'.

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'I am accountable for this project.'

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speaking

Ask in Hindi: 'Who is accountable for the mistake?'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'The government must be accountable.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'We are not liable for this loss.'

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speaking

Explain in simple Hindi what 'उत्तरदायी होना' means.

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'Are you personally accountable?'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'He was held accountable by the court.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'Accountability is important for success.'

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speaking

Ask a question about accountability in the future tense.

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'I don't want to blame anyone.' (Using a synonym context)

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'A leader is accountable to their people.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'The company is liable for safety.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'We are collectively accountable.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'It is my duty to be accountable.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'Don't be irresponsible.' (Using the antonym)

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'Who will be accountable for this tomorrow?'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'The truth will show who is accountable.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'Accountability starts from home.'

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speaking

Say in Hindi: 'I accept being accountable for this.'

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listening

Listen and identify the subject: 'मंत्री जी इस घोटाले के लिए उत्तरदायी हैं।'

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Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
listening

Listen and identify the tense: 'वह उत्तरदायी होगा।'

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listening

Listen and identify the cause: 'वह भारी बारिश के कारण देरी के लिए उत्तरदायी नहीं है।'

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Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
listening

Listen and identify the tone: 'क्या आप वाकई इसके लिए उत्तरदायी हैं?'

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Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
listening

Listen and identify the synonym used: 'प्रशासन जवाबदेह है।'

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listening

Listen and identify the number: 'वे सब उत्तरदायी हैं।'

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listening

Listen and identify the emotion: 'मैं बहुत उत्तरदायी महसूस कर रहा हूँ।'

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Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:
listening

Listen and identify the legal term: 'कानूनी रूप से उत्तरदायी ठहराया गया।'

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listening

Listen and identify the negation: 'कोई भी उत्तरदायी नहीं है।'

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listening

Listen and identify the entity: 'बैंक इस नुकसान के लिए उत्तरदायी है।'

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listening

Listen and identify the time: 'वह कल उत्तरदायी था।'

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listening

Listen and identify the preposition: 'जनता के प्रति उत्तरदायी।'

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listening

Listen and identify the noun form: 'उत्तरदायित्व निभाना जरूरी है।'

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listening

Listen and identify the verb: 'उसे उत्तरदायी ठहराया जाएगा।'

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listening

Listen and identify the adjective modifier: 'पूरी तरह से उत्तरदायी।'

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/ 187 correct

Perfect score!

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