C1 Future & Conditional 18 min read Medium

Future Tense with 'When' (Quand, Dès que, Lorsque)

If the main action is in the future, the 'when' clause must also use the future tense.
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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In French, when talking about the future, use the Future tense after 'quand', 'dès que', and 'lorsque' instead of the Present.

  • Use Futur Simple after 'quand' when referring to a future event: 'Quand tu viendras, nous mangerons.'
  • Use Futur Simple after 'dès que' for immediate succession: 'Dès que tu auras fini, appelle-moi.'
  • Use Futur Simple after 'lorsque' for temporal markers: 'Lorsque nous serons arrivés, nous visiterons le musée.'
Main Clause (Futur) + Conjunction (Quand/Dès que) + Subordinate Clause (Futur)

Overview

Mastering the use of the future tense in French dependent clauses introduced by temporal conjunctions such as quand, dès que, and lorsque is a hallmark of C1 proficiency. Unlike English, which commonly employs the present tense after 'when' to refer to a future event (e.g., "When I arrive, I'll call you"), French maintains strict chronological consistency. If an action in a dependent clause occurs in the future, the verb governing that action must be in a future tense.

This is not merely a stylistic preference; it reflects a fundamental difference in how French conceptualizes and expresses temporal sequencing, demanding explicit grammatical marking for future events.

The underlying principle is one of temporal anteriority or coincidence. The action in the dependent clause (e.g., 'when you arrive') is presented as a prerequisite or a co-occurring event to the action in the main clause (e.g., 'I will call you'). French grammar requires that both events, being future, are explicitly marked as such.

This grammatical precision ensures clarity in the timeline, eliminating potential ambiguity about whether an action is habitual, ongoing, or definitively future. For an advanced learner, internalizing this rule signifies a shift from direct translation to thinking within the inherent logical structure of the French language.

This C1 topic often challenges learners because it necessitates overriding an intuitive English habit. It is more than just a rule; it is an insight into the French temporal system, where each event's position on the timeline is meticulously coded. A native French speaker perceives the use of a present tense in such a future context as grammatically dissonant, a 'glitch' in the temporal flow.

Therefore, consistent application of this rule is crucial for achieving fluency and naturalness in advanced communication.

Conjugation Table

Personne Chanter (to sing) Finir (to finish) Vendre (to sell) Aller (to go) Être (to be) Avoir (to have)
:-------------- :------------------ :------------------ :----------------- :------------------ :------------------ :------------------
Je/J' chanterai finirai vendrai irai serai aurai
Tu chanteras finiras vendras iras seras auras
Il/Elle/On chantera finira vendra ira sera aura
Nous chanterons finirons vendrons irons serons aurons
Vous chanterez finirez vendrez irez serez aurez
Ils/Elles chanteront finiront vendront iront seront auront
Personne Chanter (avoir) Finir (avoir) Aller (être) Partir (être)
:-------------- :---------------------- :---------------------- :--------------------- :----------------------
Je/J' aurai chanté aurai fini serai allé(e) serai parti(e)
Tu auras chanté auras fini seras allé(e) seras parti(e)
Il/Elle/On aura chanté aura fini sera allé(e)/allée sera parti(e)
Nous aurons chanté aurons fini serons allé(e)s serons parti(e)s
Vous aurez chanté aurez fini serez allé(e)(s) serez parti(e)(s)
Ils/Elles auront chanté auront fini seront allés/allées seront partis/parties

How This Grammar Works

This grammatical structure functions based on the principle of concordance des temps (sequence of tenses), specifically when dealing with future-oriented dependent clauses. The temporal conjunctions (quand, lorsque, dès que, aussitôt que, tant que, une fois que, après que) introduce a subordinate clause that expresses an action or state intended to occur in the future. Because this subordinate action is a condition or a preceding event to the main clause's future action, both clauses must grammatically reflect their future nature.
The logic is deterministic: if event A will happen, and event B will happen after event A, then both must be in a future tense. The conjunction acts as a signal, making the temporal dependency explicit. For instance, in Quand tu arriveras, nous mangerons (When you arrive, we will eat), your arrival is a future event that triggers the subsequent future action of eating.
French insists on marking both 'arrival' and 'eating' as future events.
Consider the nuance of futur simple versus futur antérieur. The futur simple in the dependent clause simply places the action in the future. The futur antérieur, however, indicates an action that will be completed before the main clause's action begins.
For example, Dès que tu auras fini tes devoirs, tu pourras jouer (As soon as you have finished your homework, you will be able to play). Here, the completion of homework is a necessary precursor to playing. This distinction allows French to precisely delineate the sequence and completion status of future events, offering a level of temporal granularity often implied or contextually inferred in English.

Formation Pattern

1
The core pattern for temporal clauses in the future is remarkably consistent. You will generally choose between the futur simple and the futur antérieur for the verb in the dependent clause, depending on whether the action needs to be completed before the main action.
2
A. Basic Pattern (Simultaneous or Immediately Sequential Future Actions):
3
Conjunction + Futur Simple, Futur Simple
4
This structure is used when the action in the dependent clause occurs in the future and either coincides with or is immediately followed by the action in the main clause, which is also in the future.
5
Quand tu viendras, nous irons au cinéma. (When you come, we'll go to the cinema.)
6
Lorsque tu feras le test, tu comprendras la difficulté. (When you take the test, you will understand the difficulty.)
7
Dès que le soleil se lèvera, nous partirons en randonnée. (As soon as the sun rises, we'll leave for a hike.)
8
B. Commands or Instructions in the Main Clause:
9
Conjunction + Futur Simple, Impératif
10
If the main clause is a command or an instruction, the impératif is used.
11
Quand tu rentreras, appelle-moi tout de suite. (When you get back, call me immediately.)
12
Dès que tu recevras le colis, vérifie le contenu. (As soon as you receive the package, check the contents.)
13
Lorsque le professeur parlera, écoute attentivement. (When the professor speaks, listen carefully.)
14
C. Completed Action Preceding Another Future Action:
15
Conjunction + Futur Antérieur, Futur Simple / Impératif
16
Use the futur antérieur in the dependent clause when its action must be completed before the main clause's future action begins. The main clause can be futur simple or impératif.
17
Une fois que tu auras terminé tes études, tu pourras voyager. (Once you have finished your studies, you will be able to travel.)
18
Dès que j'aurai révisé mes notes, je serai prêt pour l'examen. (As soon as I have reviewed my notes, I will be ready for the exam.)
19
Après que vous aurez validé le paiement, nous expédierons la commande. (After you have validated the payment, we will ship the order.)
20
Key Conjunctions:
21
quand: When (most common, neutral formality)
22
lorsque: When (slightly more formal than quand, often used in written or official contexts)
23
dès que: As soon as (implies immediacy)
24
aussitôt que: As soon as (stronger emphasis on immediacy, more formal than dès que)
25
une fois que: Once, as soon as (emphasizes completion of the first action)
26
tant que: As long as (expresses duration or condition)
27
après que: After (indicates sequentiality; always followed by indicative, typically futur simple or futur antérieur for future events)

When To Use It

This grammatical pattern is indispensable for any future-oriented discourse in French, covering predictions, plans, promises, and logical sequences of events. Its use is mandatory in contexts where the temporal dependent clause clearly refers to a future event that serves as a condition, a preceding action, or a concurrent point for the main clause's future action.
A. Expressing Certain Future Conditions or Prerequisites:
When one future event acts as a definite condition for another future event to occur. This is very common in planning and instruction.
  • Quand tu arriveras à la gare, achète un billet pour Paris. (When you arrive at the station, buy a ticket for Paris.)
  • Dès que le nouveau système sera en place, nous verrons des améliorations significatives. (As soon as the new system is in place, we will see significant improvements.)
  • Lorsque vous serez diplômé, de nouvelles opportunités s'ouvriront à vous. (When you are graduated, new opportunities will open to you.)
B. Describing Sequential Future Actions:
For events that happen one after another in the future, especially when the first must be completed before the second begins (futur antérieur) or they are closely linked (futur simple).
  • Une fois que j'aurai lu ce rapport, je t'enverrai mes commentaires. (Once I have read this report, I will send you my comments.)
  • Après que nous aurons dîné, nous regarderons un film. (After we have had dinner, we will watch a film.)
  • Aussitôt que le chef donnera le signal, l'orchestre jouera. (As soon as the conductor gives the signal, the orchestra will play.)
C. Making Future Promises, Predictions, or Statements of Intent:
This construction lends precision to commitments and foresight.
  • Tant que tu travailleras dur, tu réussiras tes projets. (As long as you work hard, you will succeed in your projects.)
  • Quand les résultats seront publiés, je t'informerai immédiatement. (When the results are published, I will inform you immediately.)
  • Je te rappellerai dès que j'aurai un moment de libre. (I will call you back as soon as I have a free moment.)
This rule is pervasive in both formal and informal French, making its accurate application a critical component of C1-level fluency. Whether you're discussing project deadlines, making personal plans, or forecasting events, the temporal clause requires future tense agreement to maintain grammatical coherence.

Common Mistakes

Advanced learners frequently encounter specific pitfalls when applying this rule, often due to interference from English or overgeneralization of other French temporal structures.
A. English Interference: The Present Tense Slip-Up:
This is the most common error. Influenced by English usage, learners instinctively use the present tense after quand, dès que, etc., when referring to future events. For example, saying Quand j'arrive, je t'appelle when intending "When I arrive (in the future), I'll call you." This is grammatically incorrect for a specific future event in French. The present tense (Quand j'arrive) implies a habitual action or a very immediate, often implied, future (like a stage direction). For a definite future event, the future tense is mandatory: Quand j'arriverai, je t'appellerai. The why is crucial: French requires explicit marking of futurity in both clauses if both refer to future events, leaving no room for the ambiguity English present tense might introduce.
B. Confusion with Si Clauses:
Learners sometimes conflate quand clauses with si (if) clauses. While both introduce dependent conditions, the tense agreement differs significantly. Si clauses expressing a probable future condition always take the present indicative, with the main clause in the futur simple or impératif. For example: Si tu viens, je serai content (If you come, I'll be happy). Contrast this with Quand tu viendras, je serai content (When you come, I'll be happy). The subtle distinction is that quand implies a certainty of the event happening, merely awaiting its time, whereas si implies a possibility. Misusing the present after quand makes the clause sound conditional rather than temporal, disrupting the intended meaning.
C. Incorrect Tense After Après que:
Many native speakers, and thus learners, mistakenly use the subjunctive after après que, likely due to its phonetic similarity and semantic contrast with avant que (which does take the subjunctive). However, après que introduces an action that is presented as a completed fact, even if it's a completed future fact. Therefore, it always takes an indicative tense. For future events, this means futur simple or futur antérieur.
  • Incorrect: Après que tu sois parti, je fermerai la porte.
  • Correct: Après que tu seras parti, je fermerai la porte. (After you have left, I will close the door.)
  • Correct (completed prior action): Après que tu auras lu le livre, prête-le-moi. (After you have read the book, lend it to me.)
D. Overusing the Futur Antérieur:
The futur antérieur is specific to actions completed before another future action. Sometimes, the futur simple suffices if the actions are simply sequential or concurrent. For instance, Quand tu arriveras, je te montrerai is more natural if your showing is concurrent with or immediately follows their arrival, rather than Quand tu seras arrivé, je te montrerai (unless your showing depends on their arrival being a fully completed state, e.g., after they've settled in).
These mistakes, though common, can significantly impede clear communication and mark a speaker as less proficient. Deliberate practice and attention to these nuances are key to overcoming them.

Contrast With Similar Patterns

Understanding when not to apply the future in dependent clauses is as important as knowing when to use it. This rule contrasts sharply with several other temporal and conditional constructions in French.
A. Habitual Actions and General Truths (Quand + Present Indicative):
When quand introduces a general truth, a habitual action, or a recurring event in the present, both the dependent and main clauses use the present indicative.
  • Quand il pleut, je prends mon parapluie. (When it rains, I take my umbrella – habitual action.)
  • Quand tu es fatigué, repose-toi. (When you are tired, rest – general advice/habit.)
This differs from Quand il pleuvra demain, je prendrai mon parapluie, which refers to a specific future instance. The key is the generality versus specificity of the event.
B. Actions Prior to the Main Clause (Avant que + Subjunctive):
Avant que (before) fundamentally differs from quand, dès que, etc., because it expresses an action that has not yet happened and might not happen before the main clause's action. This inherent uncertainty or non-realization mandates the use of the subjunctive in the dependent clause, regardless of whether the main clause is in the present or future.
  • Il faut que je finisse ce projet avant qu'il ne soit trop tard. (I must finish this project before it is too late.)
  • Je ne partirai pas avant que tu n'aies fini de manger. (I won't leave before you have finished eating.)
The presence of ne explétif (the ne without a pas) after avant que further underscores this contrast, adding a stylistic nuance without changing the meaning.
C. Simultaneous Actions (Pendant que, Tandis que + Indicative):
Conjunctions like pendant que and tandis que (while, whereas) introduce actions that occur simultaneously with the main clause's action. These typically use the present indicative for present simultaneity or the imparfait for past simultaneity.
  • Pendant que je lis, tu écoutes de la musique. (While I read, you listen to music.)
  • Tandis que les uns parlaient, les autres écoutaient attentivement. (While some were talking, others were listening attentively.)
For future simultaneous actions, the future tense in both clauses is also possible, but less common for strict simultaneity and often implies a sequence rather than exact overlap. Quand can sometimes imply simultaneity, e.g., Quand tu arriveras, je t'attendrai. However, the distinct role of pendant que is to explicitly mark ongoing, parallel actions.
D. Hypotheses (Si + Indicative/Conditional):
As mentioned, si clauses present hypotheses. The tense combination depends on the degree of probability:
  • Probable Future: Si + present indicative, futur simple / impératif (e.g., Si tu viens, nous irons.) – This is the closest to the quand future rule but crucially involves condition not time.
  • Unreal Present/Future: Si + imparfait, conditionnel présent (e.g., Si tu venais, nous irions.)
  • Unreal Past: Si + plus-que-parfait, conditionnel passé (e.g., Si tu étais venu, nous serions allés.)
Recognizing these distinctions prevents grammatical interference and enables precise expression of temporal and conditional relationships.

Real Conversations

This grammatical structure is pervasive across all registers of French, from highly formal academic writing to casual text messages. Its mastery ensures that your communication is not only grammatically correct but also naturally fluid.

A. Formal Communication (Professional Emails, Official Announcements):

In professional settings, the correct use of future tenses after temporal conjunctions conveys precision, professionalism, and clarity regarding future plans or commitments.

- Email: Lorsque nous recevrons votre accord, nous pourrons finaliser le contrat. (When we receive your agreement, we will be able to finalize the contract.)

- Project Update: Dès que la phase de test aura été complétée, nous lancerons le déploiement général. (As soon as the testing phase has been completed, we will launch the general deployment.)

- Public Notice: Après que les travaux seront achevés, la route rouvrira à la circulation. (After the works are completed, the road will reopen to traffic.)

B. Casual Speech and Texting (Planning, Promises, Everyday Interactions):

Even in informal contexts, while very rapid speech might occasionally elide the future in favor of the present (e.g., Quand j'arrive, je t'appelle for immediacy), the grammatically correct future remains the standard for clear communication of future events. It indicates a speaker's proficiency and commitment to proper French.

- Making plans with friends: Quand tu seras libre, on ira prendre un café ? (When you're free, shall we go for a coffee?)

- Promise: Je t'aiderai dès que j'aurai fini mes propres tâches. (I'll help you as soon as I've finished my own tasks.)

- Text message: J'te rejoins quand j'arriverai au métro. (I'll meet you when I get to the metro.)

C. Media and Literature (Predictions, Narrative Sequencing):

Journalism, forecasts, and narrative prose heavily rely on this structure to convey future events, predictions, or the unfolding of a story.

- News Article: Lorsque les négociations reprendront, les analystes prévoient une période de forte volatilité. (When negotiations resume, analysts predict a period of high volatility.)

- Weather Forecast: Dès que la pluie aura cessé, le ciel s'éclaircira rapidement. (As soon as the rain has stopped, the sky will clear up quickly.)

- Literary Passage: Il sut qu'il la reverrait quand le printemps reviendrait, et cette certitude le porta. (He knew he would see her again when spring returned, and this certainty sustained him.)

The consistency of this rule across registers highlights its fundamental role in temporal expression in French. It is not merely a formality but a functional aspect of the language's logical structure.

Progressive Practice

1

Mastering the future tense after quand, lorsque, dès que, etc., requires deliberate and varied practice. Focus on internalizing the French temporal logic rather than direct translation.

2

A. Transformation Exercises:

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Take English sentences that use the present after 'when' for future events and translate them correctly into French. This forces you to consciously apply the future tense.

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- English: "When I see her, I'll tell her." -> French: Quand je la verrai, je lui dirai.

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- English: "As soon as you finish your work, you can relax." -> French: Dès que tu auras fini ton travail, tu pourras te détendre.

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B. Sentence Completion Drills:

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Provide incomplete sentences with the conjunction and ask the learner to complete them, ensuring correct tense usage in both clauses.

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- Quand nous ______ (arriver) en France, nous ______ (visiter) la Tour Eiffel.

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- Dès que tu ______ (lire) ce livre, tu ______ (comprendre) mieux.

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- Après que vous ______ (finir) votre rapport, vous ______ (pouvoir) prendre une pause.

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C. Identifying and Correcting Errors:

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Analyze sentences that contain common errors (e.g., present tense after quand for future events, subjunctive after après que). Explain why they are wrong and provide the correct version.

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- Incorrect: Lorsque j'ai le temps, je t'appellerai. -> Correction: Lorsque j'aurai le temps, je t'appellerai. (Refers to a specific future instance of having time.)

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- Incorrect: Après que tu sois parti, je rangerai. -> Correction: Après que tu seras parti, je rangerai. (No subjunctive after après que.)

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D. Role-Playing and Dialogue Creation:

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Practice using these structures in conversational scenarios. Plan a trip, make promises, discuss future projects with a partner. This helps integrate the rule into spontaneous speech.

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Futur Simple Endings

Pronoun Ending Example (Parler)
Je
-ai
parlerai
Tu
-as
parleras
Il/Elle
-a
parlera
Nous
-ons
parlerons
Vous
-ez
parlerez
Ils/Elles
-ont
parleront

Meanings

This rule dictates that temporal conjunctions indicating a future time must be followed by the future tense, unlike English which often uses the present tense.

1

Temporal sequence

Indicating an event that will happen after another future event.

“Dès que tu arriveras, nous partirons.”

“Quand je serai grand, je serai astronaute.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Future Tense with 'When' (Quand, Dès que, Lorsque)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Quand + Futur
Quand il viendra, je serai là.
Negative
Quand + Futur (neg)
Quand il ne viendra pas, je serai triste.
Question
Quand + Futur + ?
Quand viendras-tu ?
Complex
Dès que + Futur Antérieur
Dès que j'aurai fini, je partirai.

Formality Spectrum

Formal
Lorsque vous arriverez, veuillez m'appeler.

Lorsque vous arriverez, veuillez m'appeler. (Social planning)

Neutral
Quand tu arriveras, appelle-moi.

Quand tu arriveras, appelle-moi. (Social planning)

Informal
Dès que t'arrives, appelle-moi.

Dès que t'arrives, appelle-moi. (Social planning)

Slang
Dès que t'es là, fais signe.

Dès que t'es là, fais signe. (Social planning)

Temporal Conjunctions

Future Events

Conjunctions

  • Quand When
  • Dès que As soon as
  • Lorsque When
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Examples by Level

1

Quand je serai grand, je serai pilote.

When I am big, I will be a pilot.

1

Quand tu viendras, nous irons au cinéma.

When you come, we will go to the cinema.

1

Dès que j'aurai fini, je t'appellerai.

As soon as I finish, I will call you.

2

Lorsque nous serons arrivés, nous mangerons.

When we arrive, we will eat.

1

Aussitôt que le train partira, nous serons en route.

As soon as the train leaves, we will be on our way.

2

Une fois que tu auras lu ce livre, tu comprendras.

Once you have read this book, you will understand.

1

Quand bien même tu viendras, je ne serai pas là.

Even if you come, I won't be there.

2

Dès lors que vous aurez signé, le contrat sera valide.

Once you have signed, the contract will be valid.

1

Lorsque le soleil se couchera, nous entamerons la cérémonie.

When the sun sets, we will begin the ceremony.

Easily Confused

Future Tense with 'When' (Quand, Dès que, Lorsque) vs Si vs Quand

Learners mix up the tense requirements.

Common Mistakes

✗

Quand je suis là, je t'appelle.

✓

Quand je serai là, je t'appellerai.

Using present for future.
✗

Dès que j'arrive, je t'appelle.

✓

Dès que j'arriverai, je t'appellerai.

Present tense usage.
✗

Si tu viendras, je serai content.

✓

Si tu viens, je serai content.

Mixing si/quand rules.
✗

Quand il aurait fini, il partirait.

✓

Quand il aura fini, il partira.

Unnecessary conditional.

Sentence Patterns

Quand ___ , ___ .

Real World Usage

Texting very common

Dès que j'arrive, je t'écris.

Job Interview common

Dès que vous aurez reçu mon CV, je serai à votre disposition.

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💡

Think Future

If the event is in the future, just use the future tense for both parts.

Smart Tips

Use future in both clauses.

Quand je suis là... → Quand je serai là...

Pronunciation

parlerai -> /paʁləʁe/

Future endings

The -ai ending sounds like 'é'.

Rising

Quand tu viendras ? ↗

Question intonation.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Future follows 'When' in French, like a shadow following the sun.

Visual Association

Imagine a train with two cars. Both cars must be the same color (Future Tense) to stay on the track.

Rhyme

Quand, dès que, lorsque, futur simple, pas de risque.

Story

Pierre is planning his trip. He says, 'When I arrive (j'arriverai), I will call (j'appellerai) my mom.' He remembers the rule: two futures, one happy traveler.

Word Web

QuandDès queLorsqueAussitôt queUne fois queFutur Simple

Challenge

Write 5 sentences about your plans for next weekend using 'Quand' and 'Dès que'.

Cultural Notes

Formal French strictly adheres to this rule in writing.

Spoken Quebecois may use present tense more freely.

Standard French rules apply in education.

Derived from Latin temporal clauses.

Conversation Starters

“

Que feras-tu quand tu auras fini tes études ?

“

Dès que tu auras du temps libre, que feras-tu ?

Journal Prompts

Décris tes projets pour l'été prochain.

Common Mistakes

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank.

Quand tu ___ (venir), nous mangerons.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: viendras
Future after quand.

Score: /1

Practice Exercises

1 exercises
Fill in the blank.

Quand tu ___ (venir), nous mangerons.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: viendras
Future after quand.

Score: /1

Practice Bank

10 exercises
Fill in the blank. Fill in the Blank

Lorsqu'elle ___ (avoir) son diplôme, elle cherchera un travail.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: aura
Translate this sentence to French. Translation

As soon as I finish, I will join you.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dès que je finirai, je te rejoindrai.
Put the words in the correct order. Sentence Reorder

seras / tu / Quand / prêt / on / partira / .

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Quand tu seras prêt on partira.
Select the correct formal option. Multiple Choice

Lorsque nous ___ (terminer) le projet, nous célébrerons.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: terminerons
Fix the tense mismatch. Error Correction

Tant que tu es là, tout ira bien.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tant que tu seras là, tout ira bien.
Match the beginning and end of the sentences. Match Pairs

Match the pairs:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ...
Fill in the blank. Fill in the Blank

Une fois que nous ___ (vendre) la maison, nous voyagerons.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: aurons vendu
Identify the incorrect usage. Multiple Choice

Which of these is WRONG?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dès que je peux, je viens.
Translate: Once you see the sign, turn right. Translation

Once you see the sign, turn right.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Une fois que tu verras le panneau, tourne à droite.
Correct the Zoom interview mistake. Error Correction

Quand vous avez des questions, n'hésitez pas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Quand vous aurez des questions, n'hésitez pas.

Score: /10

FAQ (1)

French requires future for future events.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish partial

Cuando + Subjuntivo

Subjunctive vs Indicative.

German low

Wenn + Präsens

Present vs Future.

English low

When + Present

Present vs Future.

Japanese none

Toki + Verb

Non-past vs Future.

Arabic low

Indama + Verb

Marker usage.

Chinese none

Dang... de shihou

Context vs Conjugation.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
French Historical Present: Bringing the Past to Life (Le Présent de Narration)
Next
Dramatic Past Storytelling (Historic Infinitive)

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