A2 Basic Verbs 1 min read Medio

Irregular Aorist Verbs: Common Deviations

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Some Armenian verbs don't follow the standard -եցի or -ացի endings in the past tense; memorize these common 'irregular' stems.

  • The verb 'to give' (տալ) becomes 'տվեցի' (I gave), not 'տացի'.
  • The verb 'to come' (գալ) becomes 'եկա' (I came), dropping the standard suffix.
  • The verb 'to see' (տեսնել) uses the stem 'տեսա' (I saw) instead of a regular conjugation.
Root + Irregular Stem + Past Ending (e.g., գալ -> եկ + ա)

Meanings

The Aorist (simple past) is used for completed actions. Irregular verbs deviate from the standard -եցի/-ացի/-եցի patterns.

1

Completed Action

Used to describe a specific event that finished in the past.

“Ես տվեցի գիրքը։”

“Նա եկավ ժամը հինգին։”

Irregular Aorist Conjugation (Example: գալ - to come)

Person Singular Plural
1st եկա եկանք
2nd եկար եկաք
3rd եկավ եկան

Reference Table

Reference table for Irregular Aorist Verbs: Common Deviations
Form Structure Example
Affirmative Stem + Ending եկա
Negative չ + Stem + Ending չեկա
Question Stem + Ending + ? եկա՞ր
1st Plural Stem + -անք եկանք
3rd Plural Stem + -ան եկան

Espectro de formalidad

Formal
Ես եկա ժողովին։

Ես եկա ժողովին։ (Professional vs Casual)

Neutral
Ես եկա հանդիպմանը։

Ես եկա հանդիպմանը։ (Professional vs Casual)

Informal
Եկա հանդիպման։

Եկա հանդիպման։ (Professional vs Casual)

Jerga
Հասա հանդիպման։

Հասա հանդիպման։ (Professional vs Casual)

Irregular Verb Clusters

Irregular Aorist

Movement

  • գալ to come

Giving

  • տալ to give

Perception

  • տեսնել to see

Ejemplos por nivel

1

Ես եկա։

I came.

2

Նա տվեց։

He gave.

3

Մենք տեսանք։

We saw.

4

Դու եկար։

You came.

1

Ես երեկ եկա տուն։

I came home yesterday.

2

Նա ինձ տվեց գիրքը։

He gave me the book.

3

Մենք տեսանք հին ընկերոջը։

We saw an old friend.

4

Դուք եկա՞ք ժամանակին։

Did you arrive on time?

1

Նա չեկավ, որովհետև հիվանդ էր։

He didn't come because he was sick.

2

Ես տեսա, թե ինչպես նա տվեց բանալին։

I saw how he gave the key.

3

Մենք եկանք այն եզրակացության, որ...

We came to the conclusion that...

4

Նա ինձ տվեց իր հեռախոսահամարը։

He gave me his phone number.

1

Չնայած դժվարություններին, նրանք եկան համաձայնության։

Despite the difficulties, they came to an agreement.

2

Ես տեսա նրանց հեռվից։

I saw them from afar.

3

Նա տվեց իր կյանքը հայրենիքի համար։

He gave his life for the homeland.

4

Եկեք տեսնենք, թե ինչ կլինի։

Let's see what happens.

1

Նա եկավ այն գիտակցմանը, որ ժամանակն է փոխվելու։

He came to the realization that it is time to change.

2

Այդ օրը նա տվեց ինձ իր վերջին խորհուրդը։

That day he gave me his final advice.

3

Մենք տեսանք ճշմարտությունը։

We saw the truth.

4

Նա եկավ հյուր՝ առանց հրավերի։

He came as a guest without an invitation.

1

Նա եկավ իշխանության ծանր ժամանակներում։

He came to power in difficult times.

2

Նա տվեց իր համաձայնությունը՝ չնայած կասկածներին։

He gave his consent despite doubts.

3

Մենք տեսանք պատմության ընթացքը։

We saw the course of history.

4

Նա եկավ մեր օգնությանը։

He came to our aid.

Fácil de confundir

Irregular Aorist Verbs: Common Deviations vs Aorist vs Imperfect

Learners mix up completed actions (Aorist) with ongoing/habitual actions (Imperfect).

Irregular Aorist Verbs: Common Deviations vs Regular vs Irregular

Learners try to apply regular endings to irregular verbs.

Irregular Aorist Verbs: Common Deviations vs Infinitive vs Aorist

Using the infinitive form instead of the conjugated stem.

Errores comunes

գացի

եկա

Learners often use the wrong stem for 'to come'.

տալեցի

տվեցի

Adding -եցի to the infinitive stem.

տեսեցի

տեսա

Using a regular ending for an irregular verb.

չտվեցի

չտվեցի

Actually correct, but often forgotten.

գալեցի

եկա

Using the infinitive instead of the stem.

տեսնեցի

տեսա

Incorrect stem usage.

եկեցի

եկա

Mixing regular and irregular endings.

չտեսեցի

չտեսա

Negation error.

տվան

տվեցին

Incorrect plural ending.

եկանց

եկան

Incorrect plural suffix.

տեսանեցի

տեսա

Hyper-correction.

տվացի

տվեցի

Stem confusion.

եկացի

եկա

Stem confusion.

Patrones de oraciones

Ես ___ (verb) ___ (place/object).

Ինչո՞ւ չ___ (verb) ___ (time).

Մենք ___ (verb) ___ (result).

Նա ___ (verb) ___ (context).

Real World Usage

Texting very common

Եկա՞ր։ (Did you come?)

Social Media common

Տեսա այս ֆիլմը։ (I saw this movie.)

Job Interview common

Ես եկա այստեղ աշխատելու։ (I came here to work.)

Travel common

Եկանք Երևան։ (We came to Yerevan.)

Food Delivery occasional

Տվեցի պատվերը։ (I gave the order.)

Academic common

Տվեցինք նոր տվյալներ։ (We gave new data.)

💡

Focus on the stem

Don't worry about the ending; focus on the irregular stem first. The endings are standard.
⚠️

Avoid hyper-correction

Don't add regular endings to irregular stems. It sounds unnatural.
🎯

Group by meaning

Learn these verbs in clusters: movement, perception, giving.
💬

Use in context

Practice these verbs by narrating your day to a friend.

Smart Tips

Check if it's one of the 'VIP' irregular verbs before conjugating.

գալեցի եկա

Always put the 'չ' prefix directly before the stem.

տվեցի չ չտվեցի

Look up the Aorist form in a dictionary; it will show the stem.

տալ (infinitive) տվեցի (Aorist)

Don't overthink the stem; just memorize the most common ones.

գալ... գալ... գացի? եկա

Pronunciación

եկա -> եկա՞ր

Stress shift

In questions, the stress moves to the final syllable of the verb.

Question intonation

Եկա՞ր (rising pitch on the end)

Indicates a question.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of the 'VIP' verbs: Give, Come, See. They are so important they have their own special past tense club.

Asociación visual

Imagine a VIP red carpet where the verbs 'Give', 'Come', and 'See' are walking in with their own unique outfits (stems) while everyone else wears the standard uniform.

Rhyme

To give is 'tveci', to come is 'eka', these irregular verbs are the ones I gotta take-a.

Story

I came (եկա) to the party. I saw (տեսա) my friend. I gave (տվեցի) him a gift. These three verbs are the core of my story.

Word Web

գալտալտեսնելեկատվեցիտեսա

Desafío

Write 3 sentences about your morning using 'եկա', 'տեսա', and 'տվեցի'.

Notas culturales

These verbs are used constantly in hospitality. 'Եկեք' (come) is a common invitation.

Some irregular forms differ slightly in pronunciation.

Slang often shortens these verbs even further.

These irregular verbs are direct descendants of Old Armenian (Grabar) forms, which explains their unique stems.

Inicios de conversación

Երեկ ո՞ւր գնացիր։

Ո՞վ քեզ տվեց այդ գիրքը։

Ե՞րբ եկար Հայաստան։

Ինչո՞ւ չեկար երեկվա հանդիպմանը։

Temas para diario

Describe your arrival in a new city.
Write about a gift you received.
Describe a movie you saw recently.
Reflect on a time you came to a realization.

Test Yourself

Fill in the correct form of 'գալ'.

Ես երեկ ___ տուն։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: եկա
The irregular stem for 'գալ' is 'եկ-'.
Choose the correct past tense of 'տալ'. Opción múltiple

Նա ինձ ___ գիրքը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: տվեց
The irregular stem for 'տալ' is 'տվ-'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ես տեսեցի ֆիլմը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես տեսա ֆիլմը
The irregular stem for 'տեսնել' is 'տես-'.
Make the sentence negative. Sentence Transformation

Ես եկա։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: չեկա
Add 'չ' before the irregular stem.
Match the verb to its Aorist stem. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: եկ-
The stem for 'գալ' is 'եկ-'.
Conjugate 'տալ' for 1st person plural. Conjugation Drill

Մենք ___ գիրքը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: տվեցինք
The correct form is 'տվեցինք'.
Build a sentence with 'տեսա'. Sentence Building

___ ___ ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես տեսա նրան
Standard SVO order.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

Irregular verbs use the same endings as regular verbs.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Only the stems change.

Score: /8

Ejercicios de practica

8 exercises
Fill in the correct form of 'գալ'.

Ես երեկ ___ տուն։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: եկա
The irregular stem for 'գալ' is 'եկ-'.
Choose the correct past tense of 'տալ'. Opción múltiple

Նա ինձ ___ գիրքը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: տվեց
The irregular stem for 'տալ' is 'տվ-'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ես տեսեցի ֆիլմը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես տեսա ֆիլմը
The irregular stem for 'տեսնել' is 'տես-'.
Make the sentence negative. Sentence Transformation

Ես եկա։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: չեկա
Add 'չ' before the irregular stem.
Match the verb to its Aorist stem. Match Pairs

գալ - ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: եկ-
The stem for 'գալ' is 'եկ-'.
Conjugate 'տալ' for 1st person plural. Conjugation Drill

Մենք ___ գիրքը։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: տվեցինք
The correct form is 'տվեցինք'.
Build a sentence with 'տեսա'. Sentence Building

___ ___ ___

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես տեսա նրան
Standard SVO order.
Is this rule true? True False Rule

Irregular verbs use the same endings as regular verbs.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: True
Only the stems change.

Score: /8

Preguntas frecuentes (8)

They are high-frequency verbs that have retained archaic forms from Old Armenian.

There are only a few, but they are the most common ones in the language.

Yes, they use the standard Aorist endings like -ա, -ար, -ավ.

Yes, they are standard Armenian and used in all registers.

Adding regular endings to the infinitive instead of the irregular stem.

Yes, but these are the most important ones for A2 learners.

Simply add 'չ' before the verb stem.

Yes, it is the simple past form of 'to see'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

Spanish moderate

Pretérito indefinido

Spanish irregulars are more numerous but follow specific groups.

French low

Passé composé

Armenian is synthetic, French is analytical.

German moderate

Präteritum

German vowel changes are more systematic.

Japanese low

Ta-form

Japanese is agglutinative, Armenian is inflectional.

Arabic moderate

Past tense (Fi'l Madi)

Arabic roots are usually triconsonantal.

Chinese none

Aspect markers (le)

Chinese has no verb conjugation.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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