turun in 30 Seconds
- Verb: 'turun' means to go down or descend.
- Used for physical movement and decrease in value/level.
- Examples: price goes down, person goes down stairs.
- Common and essential Indonesian vocabulary.
The Indonesian word 'turun' is a versatile verb that primarily means 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It's a fundamental word used in various everyday situations, from physical movements to abstract concepts. Imagine yourself on a staircase, or a price dropping; you would use 'turun' to describe these actions. It signifies a movement from a higher position to a lower one, or a reduction in level, intensity, or value.
- Physical Descent
- This is the most common usage. It applies to people, vehicles, or objects moving downwards. For instance, 'Dia turun dari tangga' means 'He/She is going down the stairs'. A bus might 'turun' from a hill, or an airplane might 'turun' to land.
- Reduction or Decrease
- 'Turun' is also used to describe a decrease in quantity, quality, or intensity. Prices can 'turun' (go down), temperature can 'turun' (drop), or even someone's mood can 'turun' (become lower). This abstract usage is very common in economic and social contexts.
- Coming Down to a Location
- It can also mean coming down to a specific place, often from a higher elevation or a more private space. 'Saya akan turun ke kota' might mean 'I will go down to the city' (implying from a hill or a residential area to a more central part).
- Descending in Rank or Status
- In some contexts, 'turun' can imply a descent in status or rank, though this is less common than other meanings and might require more context to be understood. For example, a team might 'turun kasta' (descend a league).
The price of rice will turun next month.
Please turun from the bus carefully.
The temperature has turun significantly today.
He needs to turun the mountain before dark.
The airplane will turun soon.
Mastering 'turun' involves understanding its context. It's a verb that can be used with prepositions like 'dari' (from) and 'ke' (to) to specify the direction or origin of the descent. You'll often see it paired with nouns that represent places, levels, or values. For example, when talking about physical movement, you might say 'turun dari mobil' (get out of the car) or 'turun ke basement' (go down to the basement). In the context of prices or quantities, it naturally pairs with words like 'harga' (price), 'suhu' (temperature), or 'jumlah' (amount).
- Physical Movement
- When you want to say someone is getting off a vehicle, you use 'turun'. For example, 'Saya akan turun di halte berikutnya' (I will get off at the next bus stop). Similarly, if someone is descending a structure, 'Dia turun dari gedung' (He/She is coming down from the building).
- Changes in Value or Level
- This is where 'turun' becomes very useful in daily conversations. 'Harga makanan pokok telah turun' (The price of staple foods has gone down). 'Tingkat polusi udara di kota ini mulai turun' (The air pollution level in this city is starting to decrease). 'Golongan darah saya turun setelah diet' (My blood type improved after the diet - implying a positive change in a measured level).
- Describing Natural Phenomena
- Weather and environmental conditions often use 'turun'. 'Hujan mulai turun' (Rain starts to fall). 'Salju turun di pegunungan' (Snow falls in the mountains). 'Embun turun di pagi hari' (Dew falls/forms in the morning).
- Actions related to items
- You can also use 'turun' to describe items being brought down. 'Tolong turunkan barang ini dari mobil' (Please take this item down from the car).
The students will turun from the hill.
My weight has turun after exercising.
The sun is starting to turun (set).
We need to turun the groceries from the car.
The river water level has turun.
You'll encounter 'turun' in countless real-life Indonesian conversations and media. It's a staple in everyday discourse. Listen to people discussing the weather: 'Wah, malam ini dingin sekali, suhunya pasti turun,' (Wow, it's very cold tonight, the temperature must have dropped). In markets and shops, you'll hear 'Harga barang ini turun!' (The price of this item has gone down!). When people are traveling, they might ask, 'Nanti berhenti di mana ya? Saya mau turun di sana.' (Where will it stop later? I want to get off there). News reports frequently use 'turun' to describe economic trends, such as 'Indeks harga saham gabungan (IHSG) dilaporkan turun tajam hari ini' (The Composite Stock Price Index (IHSG) was reported to have fallen sharply today). Even in casual chats among friends, you might hear, 'Badan saya kok terasa lemas ya? Mungkin tensi saya turun.' (I feel so weak. Maybe my blood pressure has dropped).
- Public Transportation Announcements
- You'll hear announcements like 'Bagi penumpang yang akan turun di stasiun berikutnya, harap bersiap-siap' (For passengers who will disembark at the next station, please prepare).
- Shopping and Bargaining
- Sellers might say 'Bisa turun sedikit harganya?' (Can you lower the price a bit?) or buyers might negotiate, 'Tolong turunkan lagi harganya!' (Please lower the price more!).
- Weather Forecasts
- 'Diprediksi akan ada penurunan suhu di malam hari, artinya suhu akan turun.' (It is predicted that there will be a temperature drop at night, meaning the temperature will go down).
- Health Discussions
- 'Setelah minum obat, tekanan darahnya mulai turun.' (After taking the medicine, his blood pressure started to go down).
- Economic News
- 'Nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar AS dilaporkan turun.' (The rupiah exchange rate against the US dollar was reported to have fallen).
The bus will stop here, so we can turun.
The shop owner said the price will turun next week.
After the heavy rain, the river level is starting to turun.
The pilot announced that the plane will turun in ten minutes.
My hope was turun when I heard the bad news.
Learners of Indonesian might sometimes confuse 'turun' with similar-sounding words or misuse it in contexts where a different verb would be more appropriate. One common error is to use 'turun' for actions that are not strictly 'going down' in a physical sense or a decrease. For example, someone might mistakenly use 'turun' when they mean 'to get out of bed' (which is usually 'bangun dari tempat tidur' or just 'bangun'). Another potential pitfall is with the concept of 'going down' in terms of direction within a building. While 'turun ke lantai bawah' (go down to the lower floor) is correct, using 'turun' for moving between floors in a generic way might be less precise than other verbs depending on the exact action.
- Confusing with 'Naik' (to go up)
- The most direct confusion is with its antonym, 'naik' (to go up). Learners might accidentally use 'turun' when they mean to go up, or vice-versa. For instance, saying 'Saya turun ke lantai dua' (I go down to the second floor) when they mean to go up to the second floor. The correct phrase for going up to the second floor would be 'Saya naik ke lantai dua'.
- Using 'Turun' for General Movement
- Sometimes, learners might use 'turun' for any kind of movement away from a location, even if it's not strictly downwards. For example, saying 'Dia turun dari rumah' (He/She went down from the house) when it's just 'He/She left the house'. While 'turun dari rumah' can be understood, 'meninggalkan rumah' (to leave the house) is more general and often more appropriate.
- Misinterpreting Abstract Meanings
- In abstract contexts, like a decrease in performance or a drop in morale, learners might try to directly translate English phrases, leading to awkward constructions. For example, trying to say 'His performance went down' might result in an incorrect sentence if not phrased carefully. The correct usage would be closer to 'Performanya menurun' (using 'menurun', a related word) or 'Performanya jadi buruk' (his performance became bad).
- Forgetting the Preposition 'dari' or 'ke'
- When indicating movement from a place, the preposition 'dari' is often needed. Forgetting it can lead to incomplete sentences. For example, saying 'Dia turun tangga' (He/She descends stairs) is understandable, but 'Dia turun dari tangga' (He/She descends from the stairs) is more complete and specifies the origin of the movement.
Incorrect: Saya turun ke rumah.
Correct: Saya keluar dari rumah.
Incorrect: Harga barang ini turun naik.
Correct: Harga barang ini turun.
Incorrect: Dia turun dari mobil.
Correct: Dia keluar dari mobil.
Incorrect: Suhu naik ke 20 derajat.
Correct: Suhu turun ke 20 derajat.
Incorrect: Saya turun ke lantai dua.
Correct: Saya naik ke lantai dua.
While 'turun' is a primary verb for 'to go down', Indonesian offers other words that convey similar meanings, often with subtle differences in nuance or context. Understanding these alternatives enriches your vocabulary and allows for more precise expression. For instance, 'menurun' is a derived form of 'turun' that often functions as an adjective or a verb in a more formal or descriptive sense, particularly when referring to a gradual decrease or decline. 'Jatuh' means 'to fall', which is a more sudden and often uncontrolled descent. 'Mendarat' specifically refers to an aircraft landing. 'Keluar' means 'to exit' or 'to come out', which is used when getting off vehicles or leaving a place.
- Menurun (Verb/Adjective)
- 'Menurun' often implies a gradual decrease or a decline, especially in abstract contexts like performance, health, or economic indicators. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'decreased' or 'declined'.
- Jatuh (Verb)
- 'Jatuh' means 'to fall'. This implies a more sudden, often accidental, and uncontrolled descent. For example, 'Anak itu jatuh dari sepeda' (The child fell from the bicycle). While it's a form of going down, it has a different connotation than the deliberate action of 'turun'.
- Mendarat (Verb)
- This verb is specifically used for 'to land', most commonly referring to aircraft, birds, or even a ball being caught and brought to the ground. 'Pesawat itu mendarat dengan selamat' (The plane landed safely).
- Keluar (Verb)
- 'Keluar' means 'to exit' or 'to come out'. It's used when people get off vehicles or leave a place. So, while 'turun dari bus' (get off the bus) is common, 'keluar dari bus' is also used and emphasizes the action of exiting.
- Turun Tangan (Idiom)
- This is an idiom that means 'to get involved' or 'to lend a hand', literally 'to put down a hand'. It's not a literal descent but an involvement in a situation.
Comparison: The price of goods has turun.
Comparison: His health has menurun.
Comparison: The child turun from the chair.
Comparison: The child jatuh from the chair.
Comparison: The passengers turun from the train.
Comparison: The passengers keluar from the train.
Comparison: The airplane will turun.
Comparison: The airplane will mendarat.
Idiom: The manager decided to turun tangan to solve the problem.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
While 'turun' is straightforward, its idiomatic use like 'turun tangan' (to intervene) shows how basic verbs can evolve to express complex social actions. The literal 'putting down of a hand' metaphorically means to actively participate or help.
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing the 'u' sound too long, making it sound like 'too-run' instead of the shorter 'tu-run'.
- Omitting the 'r' sound in the second syllable, making it sound like 'tu-un'.
- Adding an English 'n' sound at the end, making it sound like 'turn' instead of 'turun'.
Difficulty Rating
The word 'turun' is very common in reading materials. Understanding its basic meaning is straightforward for beginners. However, recognizing its idiomatic uses or more abstract applications (like 'menurun') might increase the difficulty for advanced learners.
Using 'turun' correctly in simple sentences is easy. The challenge arises when trying to use it in more complex grammatical structures or when choosing between 'turun', 'menurun', or 'jatuh' in nuanced contexts.
Pronunciation is relatively simple. The main challenge in speaking is recalling the appropriate context for 'turun' and its related forms or idioms spontaneously.
'Turun' is frequently used in spoken Indonesian, making it easy to encounter. Distinguishing its meaning from similar words based on context is key for comprehension.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Using prepositions 'dari' and 'ke' with 'turun'.
Saya turun dari bus. (I get off from the bus.) / Dia turun ke basement. (He goes down to the basement.)
Forming transitive verbs with 'meN-' prefix, e.g., 'menurunkan'.
Penjual menurunkan harga. (The seller lowers the price.)
Using adverbs to modify 'turun'.
Harga turun drastis. (The price dropped drastically.)
Using 'turun' with nouns indicating abstract decreases.
Tingkat kepuasan menurun. (The satisfaction level decreased.)
Idiomatic use of 'turun tangan'.
Dia harus turun tangan untuk membantu. (He must intervene to help.)
Examples by Level
Saya turun dari bus.
I get off the bus.
Simple past action using 'turun'.
Harga barang ini turun.
The price of this item went down.
Describing a decrease in price.
Anak-anak turun dari bukit.
The children are coming down from the hill.
Indicating physical descent from a higher place.
Suhu udara turun.
The air temperature dropped.
Describing a decrease in temperature.
Dia turun tangga.
He/She is going down the stairs.
Describing movement down stairs.
Pesawat akan turun.
The airplane will descend.
Referring to an aircraft's descent.
Tolong turunkan tas itu.
Please bring down that bag.
Imperative form, asking to bring something down.
Air sungai turun.
The river water level went down.
Describing a decrease in water level.
Kami turun dari gunung setelah mendaki.
We descended from the mountain after hiking.
Using 'turun' with a location and context of prior action.
Harga saham di pasar modal hari ini turun.
The stock prices in the stock market went down today.
Describing a decrease in financial markets.
Setelah makan banyak, berat badannya turun.
After eating a lot, his weight went down.
Describing a decrease in body weight.
Hujan mulai turun di sore hari.
Rain started to fall in the afternoon.
Describing precipitation.
Dia turun dari mobil dengan hati-hati.
He/She got out of the car carefully.
Adding an adverb to describe the manner of descent.
Tolong turunkan volume musiknya.
Please lower the music volume.
Using 'turunkan' as a transitive verb to reduce volume.
Tingkat kejahatan di kota ini diharapkan turun.
The crime rate in this city is expected to decrease.
Describing a decrease in abstract social indicators.
Penerbangan domestik akan turun di bandara baru.
Domestic flights will land at the new airport.
Using 'turun' in the context of landing, though 'mendarat' is more specific.
Setelah berolahraga secara teratur, performanya di lapangan sepak bola tampak menurun.
After exercising regularly, his performance on the football field appeared to decrease.
Using 'menurun' to describe a decrease in performance.
Pemerintah berupaya agar harga kebutuhan pokok tidak turun drastis.
The government is trying to ensure that the prices of basic necessities do not fall drastically.
Using 'turun' with an adverb to describe a sharp decrease.
Jika suhu terus turun, salju akan turun di daerah ini.
If the temperature continues to drop, snow will fall in this area.
Conditional sentence linking temperature drop to snowfall.
Dia memutuskan untuk turun tangan dalam penyelesaian masalah keluarga.
He decided to get involved in resolving the family issue.
Using the idiom 'turun tangan' for involvement.
Tingkat kepuasan pelanggan dilaporkan menurun selama kuartal terakhir.
Customer satisfaction levels were reported to have decreased during the last quarter.
Formal usage of 'menurun' in a business context.
Anak itu jatuh dari pohon saat bermain.
The child fell from the tree while playing.
Using 'jatuh' for an accidental fall.
Pesawat terbang itu akan segera mendarat di landasan.
The airplane will soon land on the runway.
Specific verb 'mendarat' for aircraft landing.
Setelah turun dari kereta, kami berjalan menuju hotel.
After getting off the train, we walked towards the hotel.
Combining 'turun dari' with subsequent actions.
Volume produksi pabrik mengalami penurunan signifikan akibat krisis ekonomi.
The factory's production volume experienced a significant decrease due to the economic crisis.
Using the noun form 'penurunan' (decrease) derived from 'turun'.
Para ilmuwan memprediksi bahwa suhu global akan terus menurun jika emisi gas rumah kaca tidak dikendalikan.
Scientists predict that global temperatures will continue to decrease if greenhouse gas emissions are not controlled.
Complex sentence with a conditional clause about temperature decrease.
Dalam situasi krisis, seringkali diperlukan bagi para pemimpin untuk turun tangan secara langsung.
In a crisis situation, it is often necessary for leaders to get directly involved.
Formal usage of the idiom 'turun tangan'.
Meskipun ada upaya perbaikan, tingkat pengangguran di wilayah tersebut masih menunjukkan tren menurun.
Despite improvement efforts, the unemployment rate in the region still shows a declining trend.
Using 'menurun' to describe a trend.
Perjalanan kami ke puncak gunung cukup melelahkan, namun pemandangan saat turun sangat memukau.
Our journey to the summit of the mountain was quite tiring, but the view during the descent was breathtaking.
Using 'turun' to refer to the descent phase of a journey.
Pesawat komersial biasanya mendarat di bandara utama, bukan di lapangan terbang kecil.
Commercial airplanes usually land at main airports, not at small airstrips.
Distinguishing between types of landing locations.
Dia harus turun dari jabatannya karena skandal yang melibatkannya.
He had to step down from his position due to the scandal involving him.
Figurative use of 'turun' to mean stepping down from a position.
Setelah badai reda, ketinggian air laut yang sempat naik kini mulai turun.
After the storm subsided, the sea level that had risen is now starting to recede.
Describing the decrease in sea level after a rise.
Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam program kesehatan telah menurun secara konsisten selama dekade terakhir.
Data analysis indicates that public participation rates in health programs have consistently decreased over the last decade.
Formal academic language using 'menurun' with temporal context.
Pemerintah sedang mengkaji kemungkinan penurunan suku bunga acuan untuk mendorong investasi.
The government is studying the possibility of lowering the benchmark interest rate to encourage investment.
Using 'penurunan' (decrease) in a financial policy context.
Dalam menghadapi ancaman yang semakin nyata, para pemimpin dunia akhirnya memutuskan untuk turun tangan bersama.
In the face of an increasingly real threat, world leaders finally decided to jointly intervene.
Sophisticated use of 'turun tangan' for collective intervention.
Fenomena penurunan populasi spesies langka ini menjadi perhatian serius para konservasionis.
The phenomenon of declining populations of this rare species is a serious concern for conservationists.
Using 'penurunan' as a noun in an ecological context.
Setelah pendakian yang berat, para petualang merasakan kelegaan saat mereka mulai turun dari puncak.
After the arduous climb, the adventurers felt relief as they began their descent from the summit.
Describing the descent phase of an extreme activity.
Meskipun tidak selalu mulus, pesawat komersial dirancang untuk mendarat dengan presisi di berbagai kondisi cuaca.
Although not always smooth, commercial aircraft are designed to land with precision in various weather conditions.
Elaborating on the technical aspects of landing.
Skandal korupsi yang terungkap memaksa sang menteri untuk turun dari jabatannya demi menjaga reputasi partai.
The revealed corruption scandal forced the minister to step down from his position to maintain the party's reputation.
Figurative use of 'turun dari jabatan' in a political context.
Gelombang pasang yang disebabkan oleh badai tropis menyebabkan kenaikan permukaan air laut, yang kemudian perlahan turun kembali.
The tidal surge caused by the tropical storm led to a rise in sea level, which then slowly receded.
Describing natural phenomena involving rise and fall of water levels.
Dalam analisis ekonomi makro, fluktuasi nilai tukar mata uang seringkali mencerminkan penurunan kepercayaan investor terhadap stabilitas pasar domestik.
In macroeconomic analysis, currency exchange rate fluctuations often reflect a decrease in investor confidence in the domestic market's stability.
Advanced economic terminology, using 'penurunan' in a nuanced context.
Upaya untuk memitigasi dampak perubahan iklim memerlukan penurunan emisi karbon secara global yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya.
Efforts to mitigate the impact of climate change require an unprecedented global reduction in carbon emissions.
Using 'penurunan' in a global environmental policy context.
Para negosiator internasional berjuang untuk mencapai kesepakatan, tetapi perbedaan fundamental memaksa mereka untuk tidak turun tangan lebih jauh.
International negotiators struggled to reach an agreement, but fundamental differences forced them to not intervene further.
Using 'turun tangan' in a complex diplomatic context, including its negation.
Studi longitudinal menunjukkan bahwa tingkat literasi fungsional pada generasi muda cenderung menurun jika tidak ada stimulasi edukatif yang memadai.
Longitudinal studies indicate that functional literacy rates among the younger generation tend to decline if there is insufficient educational stimulation.
Academic research context using 'menurun' for literacy rates.
Ekspedisi penjelajahan gua ini sangat menantang, dengan bagian-bagian yang mengharuskan para penjelajah untuk turun melalui celah sempit.
This cave exploration expedition was very challenging, with sections requiring explorers to descend through narrow crevices.
Describing a highly specific and challenging physical descent.
Teknologi penerbangan modern memungkinkan pesawat untuk mendarat dengan aman bahkan dalam kondisi cuaca buruk yang sebelumnya dianggap mustahil.
Modern aviation technology allows aircraft to land safely even in adverse weather conditions previously considered impossible.
Advanced discussion on aviation technology and landing capabilities.
Setelah skandal yang mengguncang institusi, beberapa pejabat senior terpaksa turun dari posisi kepemimpinan mereka.
Following a scandal that shook the institution, several senior officials were forced to step down from their leadership positions.
Formal and serious use of 'turun dari posisi' in a corporate or institutional context.
Perubahan iklim telah menyebabkan pola curah hujan yang tidak menentu, dengan periode kekeringan yang diikuti oleh banjir bandang di mana permukaan air sungai turun secara drastis setelahnya.
Climate change has led to erratic rainfall patterns, with periods of drought followed by flash floods where river water levels drop drastically afterward.
Complex description of natural phenomena involving extreme rises and falls in water levels.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
Often Confused With
'Naik' is the direct antonym of 'turun', meaning 'to go up'. Learners might confuse them if they aren't careful with the direction of movement.
'Jatuh' means 'to fall', implying a more sudden and uncontrolled descent compared to the generally controlled movement of 'turun'.
'Menurun' is a derived form often used for gradual decreases or declines, especially in abstract contexts, whereas 'turun' can be more general or physical.
Idioms & Expressions
— To get involved, to intervene, to lend a hand in a situation.
Karena masalahnya semakin rumit, direktur memutuskan untuk turun tangan.
Neutral— To step down from a position of power or authority, like a king or queen abdicating.
Setelah memerintah selama 50 tahun, raja tua itu akhirnya turun dari tahta.
Formal/Historical— To be demoted in rank or position.
Akibat kesalahannya, prajurit itu diturunkan pangkatnya.
Formal— Passed down from generation to generation; hereditary.
Warisan budaya ini telah diwariskan turun temurun.
Neutral— A type of hernia where abdominal contents descend into the scrotum.
Dokter menyarankan operasi untuk menyembuhkan turun berok.
Medical/Informal— To eat and drink; to have a meal.
Ayo kita turun minum dulu sebelum melanjutkan perjalanan.
Informal— To overhaul an engine; to take an engine apart for repair.
Mobilnya mogok, jadi harus turun mesin.
Automotive/Informal— To lose affection or interest; to become disappointed.
Setelah melihat kelakuannya, saya jadi turun hati padanya.
Informal— To lose popularity or prestige.
Sejak skandal itu, pamor artis tersebut mulai turun.
InformalEasily Confused
Both 'turun' and 'menurun' relate to going down or decreasing.
'Turun' is a basic verb for physical descent or a general decrease. 'Menurun' is often used for gradual declines, especially in abstract contexts like health, performance, or economic trends. For example, 'harga turun' (price goes down) is common, but 'tingkat partisipasi menurun' (participation rate declines) sounds more formal and appropriate for a trend.
Harga tiket pesawat turun. (The price of airplane tickets went down.) vs. Tingkat kelulusan siswa menurun tahun ini. (The student passing rate declined this year.)
Both can describe a movement from high to low.
'Turun' implies a controlled or deliberate descent (e.g., going down stairs, getting off a bus). 'Jatuh' means to fall, which is usually sudden, uncontrolled, and often accidental (e.g., falling from a height, slipping).
Dia turun dari tangga. (He goes down the stairs.) vs. Dia jatuh dari tangga. (He fell down the stairs.)
Both can be used when exiting a vehicle.
'Turun dari' emphasizes the descent from the vehicle. 'Keluar dari' emphasizes the act of exiting or coming out of the vehicle. Both are often interchangeable when talking about getting off buses or trains, but 'keluar' is more general for exiting any enclosed space.
Saya turun dari bus. (I get off the bus.) vs. Saya keluar dari rumah. (I exit/leave the house.)
Both relate to coming down.
'Turun' is a general verb for going down. 'Mendarat' specifically means 'to land', typically used for aircraft, birds, or sometimes for balls being caught and brought to the ground. You wouldn't say 'pesawat mendarat' for someone going down stairs.
Pesawat akan turun. (The plane will descend.) vs. Pesawat akan mendarat. (The plane will land.)
They are direct opposites.
'Turun' means to go down or decrease. 'Naik' means to go up or increase. They are antonyms and are confused when the direction of movement or change is misidentified.
Harga barang ini turun. (The price of this item went down.) vs. Harga barang ini naik. (The price of this item went up.)
Sentence Patterns
Subject + turun
Saya turun.
Subject + turun + dari + [Place]
Dia turun dari tangga.
Subject + turun + ke + [Place]
Kami turun ke jalan.
Subject + turun + [Adverb]
Harga turun cepat.
Subject + menurunkan + [Object]
Dia menurunkan tas.
Subject + [Verb indicating action] + turun
Pesawat akan turun.
Subject + turun tangan
Dia turun tangan.
[Noun] + mengalami penurunan
Produksi mengalami penurunan.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Related
How to Use It
Very High
-
Using 'turun' for accidental falls.
→
jatuh
While both involve going down, 'turun' implies a controlled or deliberate movement, whereas 'jatuh' means to fall suddenly and often uncontrollably. For example, you 'turun' from stairs, but you 'jatuh' if you slip on them.
-
Confusing 'turun' with its antonym 'naik'.
→
naik
This is a fundamental error in direction. If something is increasing or going up, 'naik' should be used. For example, 'Harga naik' (price increased), not 'Harga turun'.
-
Using 'turun' for general exit without specifying descent.
→
keluar
While 'turun dari bus' is common, 'keluar dari' is a more general term for exiting. 'Turun' specifically implies going down from something. If you're just leaving a room, 'keluar' is more appropriate than 'turun'.
-
Misusing 'turun' for abstract trends where 'menurun' is better.
→
menurun
For gradual declines or trends in abstract concepts like performance, health, or economic indicators, 'menurun' is often preferred for its nuance. 'Tingkat kepuasan menurun' sounds more natural than 'tingkat kepuasan turun' in formal contexts.
-
Forgetting prepositions 'dari' or 'ke'.
→
Subject + turun + dari/ke + Place
When indicating the origin or destination of the descent, prepositions are crucial. Omitting them can lead to incomplete or awkward sentences. For example, 'Saya turun tangga' is understandable, but 'Saya turun dari tangga' is more complete.
Tips
Context is King
The meaning of 'turun' can shift slightly based on context. Always pay attention to the surrounding words to understand if it refers to physical movement, a decrease in value, or an abstract concept.
Clear 'R' Sound
Ensure you pronounce the 'r' sound clearly in the second syllable ('run'). Indonesian 'r' is often a rolled or trilled sound, different from the English 'r'. Practice saying 'turun' slowly and distinctly.
Preposition Power
When 'turun' involves movement from or to a place, remember to use prepositions like 'dari' (from) and 'ke' (to). For example, 'turun dari bus' (get off the bus) and 'turun ke lantai bawah' (go down to the lower floor).
Don't Confuse with 'Jatuh'
While both mean 'to go down', 'jatuh' implies an uncontrolled fall, whereas 'turun' is usually a controlled descent. Use 'jatuh' for accidents and 'turun' for deliberate actions or general downward movement.
Visualize the Arrow
Think of 'turun' as a downward arrow (↓). This visual cue can help you remember its core meaning of decrease or descent. Use this image when you encounter the word.
Active Recall
Instead of just reading definitions, try to actively recall sentences using 'turun'. Cover the Indonesian sentence and try to recall it from the English translation, or vice versa.
Idiomatic Expressions
Be aware of idiomatic uses like 'turun tangan' (to intervene). These phrases have meanings beyond the literal translation of 'turun' and are important for understanding natural Indonesian.
'Turun' vs. 'Naik'
Always remember that 'naik' is the direct opposite of 'turun'. If you're unsure about the direction, ask yourself: is it going up or down? This will help you choose the correct verb.
Real-World Usage
Listen for 'turun' in everyday Indonesian conversations, news, or songs. Noticing its usage in authentic contexts will solidify your understanding and recall.
'Turun' vs. 'Mendarat'
For aircraft, 'mendarat' is the specific verb for landing. While 'turun' can imply descent, 'mendarat' is more precise for the final act of touching down on the runway.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a 'turtle' (sounds a bit like 'turun') slowly moving 'run'-ning down a hill. The turtle is going 'turun' the hill.
Visual Association
Picture a staircase. You are at the top, and you need to 'turun' to get to the bottom. Or imagine a price tag with a large red arrow pointing downwards, symbolizing the price 'turun'.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to use 'turun' in five different sentences today, covering physical descent, price changes, and one idiomatic use if possible. Write them down and say them aloud.
Word Origin
The word 'turun' is a native Indonesian word. Its origins can be traced back to Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, indicating its long history within the Austronesian language family. It is a fundamental verb that has remained consistent in meaning across various related languages.
Original meaning: The core meaning has always been related to descending or moving downwards.
AustronesianCultural Context
The word 'turun' itself is neutral. However, context is important. For example, 'turun pangkat' (demotion) or 'menurun' (decline in health) can be sensitive topics.
While English speakers might use 'descend', 'go down', 'fall', or 'lower', 'turun' often covers all these nuances in Indonesian, making it a highly efficient verb.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Everyday physical movement
- turun dari bus
- turun tangga
- turun dari mobil
- turun gunung
Shopping and prices
- harga turun
- menurunkan harga
- diskon besar
Weather and environment
- suhu turun
- hujan turun
- tingkat polusi turun
Health and body
- berat badan turun
- tekanan darah turun
- kesehatan menurun
Abstract concepts (economy, performance)
- nilai tukar turun
- produksi menurun
- tingkat kejahatan turun
Conversation Starters
"Have you noticed the prices going down recently?"
"What's the weather like where you are? Has the temperature dropped?"
"If you were to travel by bus, where would you usually get off?"
"Do you think it's important for people to 'turun tangan' when there's a problem in the community?"
"What's the most interesting place you've had to 'turun' from (like a mountain or a vehicle)?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a time you had to 'turun' from a high place. What was it like?
Think about something whose price has 'turun' recently. Write about it.
Imagine a situation where you would need to 'turun tangan'. What would you do?
Write about your experience getting off public transportation. Use the word 'turun'.
How has the weather been lately? Has the temperature 'turun' or 'naik'?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsThe most basic meaning of 'turun' is 'to go down' or 'to descend'. Think of moving from a higher place to a lower place, like going down stairs or getting off a bus.
Yes, absolutely! 'Harga turun' is a very common phrase meaning 'the price went down'. For example, 'Harga beras turun hari ini' means 'The price of rice went down today'.
'Turun' is a general verb for going down. 'Menurun' is often used for a gradual decrease or decline, especially in more abstract contexts like performance, health, or trends. For example, 'Suhu turun' (temperature dropped) is common, while 'tingkat kepuasan menurun' (satisfaction level declined) sounds more formal and describes a trend.
You can say 'turun dari bus'. For example, 'Saya akan turun dari bus di halte berikutnya' means 'I will get off the bus at the next stop'.
Not typically for accidental falling. 'Jatuh' is the word for 'to fall', which implies a sudden, uncontrolled descent. 'Turun' is more for deliberate or natural downward movement. For instance, 'Dia jatuh dari sepeda' (He fell from his bike), not 'Dia turun dari sepeda'.
'Turun tangan' is an idiom that means 'to get involved', 'to intervene', or 'to lend a hand'. It implies actively participating in a situation, not literally going down somewhere. For example, 'Pemerintah harus turun tangan mengatasi masalah ini' means 'The government must intervene to solve this problem'.
Yes, 'suhu turun' means 'the temperature dropped'. For example, 'Suhu udara turun di malam hari' means 'The air temperature dropped at night'.
You can use the transitive form 'menurunkan'. For example, 'Tolong turunkan volume musiknya' means 'Please lower the music volume'.
While 'turun' can sometimes be understood in context for an airplane descending, the specific and more accurate verb for 'to land' is 'mendarat'. So, 'Pesawat akan mendarat' is the preferred phrase for an airplane landing.
The direct opposite of 'turun' is 'naik', which means 'to go up' or 'to increase'.
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Summary
The Indonesian verb 'turun' is essential for describing any movement from a higher to a lower position, or a reduction in quantity, value, or intensity. It's used in contexts ranging from physical actions like descending stairs to abstract concepts like price decreases. For example, 'Harga barang ini turun' means 'The price of this item has gone down'.
- Verb: 'turun' means to go down or descend.
- Used for physical movement and decrease in value/level.
- Examples: price goes down, person goes down stairs.
- Common and essential Indonesian vocabulary.
Context is King
The meaning of 'turun' can shift slightly based on context. Always pay attention to the surrounding words to understand if it refers to physical movement, a decrease in value, or an abstract concept.
Clear 'R' Sound
Ensure you pronounce the 'r' sound clearly in the second syllable ('run'). Indonesian 'r' is often a rolled or trilled sound, different from the English 'r'. Practice saying 'turun' slowly and distinctly.
Preposition Power
When 'turun' involves movement from or to a place, remember to use prepositions like 'dari' (from) and 'ke' (to). For example, 'turun dari bus' (get off the bus) and 'turun ke lantai bawah' (go down to the lower floor).
Don't Confuse with 'Jatuh'
While both mean 'to go down', 'jatuh' implies an uncontrolled fall, whereas 'turun' is usually a controlled descent. Use 'jatuh' for accidents and 'turun' for deliberate actions or general downward movement.
