To withdraw from an educational institution permanently before completing the program.
Word in 30 Seconds
- To permanently leave a school before graduation.
- Can be voluntary or due to disciplinary action.
- Commonly associated with academic, financial, or personal issues.
概要
「退学する」は、教育機関との契約を終了し、学生としての身分を失うことを指します。学業不振、経済的な理由、あるいは不祥事など、理由は多岐にわたります。2) 使用パターン: 基本的に「A大学を退学する」や「家庭の事情で退学せざるを得ない」といった形で使われます。他動詞的な用法として、学校側が学生を辞めさせる場合には「退学させる」となります。3) 一般的な文脈: ニュースや書類、日常会話で使われます。特に深刻な状況や、人生の大きな転換点として語られることが多いです。4) 類語比較: 「休学」は一時的に学校を離れることですが、「退学」は完全に身分を失うことを指します。「中退」は「中途退学」の略であり、高校や大学を卒業せずに途中で辞めることを指すため、意味はほぼ同じですが、「中退」はより履歴書や自己紹介などで使われる名詞的な響きが強いです。
Examples
彼は家庭の事情で大学を退学することになった。
everydayHe had to withdraw from university due to family circumstances.
校則違反により、その生徒は退学させられた。
formalThe student was expelled due to a violation of school rules.
夢を追うために学校を退学した。
informalI dropped out of school to pursue my dreams.
中途退学者の増加が社会問題となっている。
academicThe increase in school dropouts is becoming a social issue.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
退学届
withdrawal form
退学処分
expulsion
中途退学
dropping out
Often Confused With
This means to take a leave of absence from school temporarily with the intention of returning. Unlike '退学', the student status is maintained.
This is an abbreviation for '中途退学'. It is often used in resumes and formal documents to indicate that one left school before graduation.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word is formal and carries a serious weight. When speaking about someone else, be careful as it may imply a negative situation. For personal use, '中退' is preferred on formal documents.
Common Mistakes
People sometimes confuse it with '休学' (taking a leave). Always ensure the speaker intends to leave permanently before using '退学'. Do not use it for graduating early.
Tips
Use with specific reasons
When using this verb, it is helpful to add the reason, such as '家庭の事情で' (due to family circumstances) or '学業不振で' (due to poor academic performance).
Avoid using it lightly
As this word carries a heavy, serious tone, avoid using it in casual settings unless the context is appropriate. Use '休学' if the person plans to return.
Social stigma in Japan
In Japan, dropping out of school can sometimes carry a social stigma, so it is often discussed with sensitivity or professional caution.
Word Origin
The word consists of '退' (withdraw) and '学' (study). It describes the act of withdrawing from the path of learning at an institution.
Cultural Context
In Japanese society, graduating from a university is highly valued. Therefore, '退学' is often viewed as a significant decision or a difficult life event that requires careful explanation.
Memory Tip
Think of '退' (retreat/withdraw) and '学' (learning). You are retreating from your studies permanently.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions意味は基本的に同じですが、「中退」は「中途退学」の略語で、主に履歴書や会話で「卒業していない」という事実を強調する際に使われます。「退学」は行為そのものや制度上の手続きを指すことが多いです。
学校の規定によりますが、原則として退学した学校に再び入学するには、再度入試を受ける必要があります。ただし、処分による退学の場合は、再入学が認められないケースがほとんどです。
「退学する」は自分の意思で辞める場合も含みますが、「退学になる」は学校からの処分（強制退学）によって身分を失うという受動的なニュアンスが強くなります。
学歴欄には最終学歴を記載するのが一般的です。中退した場合は「〇〇大学 中途退学」と記載するのが正しいマナーです。
Test Yourself
彼は経済的な理由で大学を___。
文脈から経済的な理由で学校を辞めることを指しているため、退学が適切です。
Score: /1
Summary
To withdraw from an educational institution permanently before completing the program.
- To permanently leave a school before graduation.
- Can be voluntary or due to disciplinary action.
- Commonly associated with academic, financial, or personal issues.
Use with specific reasons
When using this verb, it is helpful to add the reason, such as '家庭の事情で' (due to family circumstances) or '学業不振で' (due to poor academic performance).
Avoid using it lightly
As this word carries a heavy, serious tone, avoid using it in casual settings unless the context is appropriate. Use '休学' if the person plans to return.
Social stigma in Japan
In Japan, dropping out of school can sometimes carry a social stigma, so it is often discussed with sensitivity or professional caution.
Examples
4 of 4彼は家庭の事情で大学を退学することになった。
He had to withdraw from university due to family circumstances.
校則違反により、その生徒は退学させられた。
The student was expelled due to a violation of school rules.
夢を追うために学校を退学した。
I dropped out of school to pursue my dreams.
中途退学者の増加が社会問題となっている。
The increase in school dropouts is becoming a social issue.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More academic words
絶対的
B2Absolute; not qualified or diminished in any way; total.
絶対的に
B1In a complete, unconditional, or conclusive manner; absolutely.
抽象的だ
B1Abstract; existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.
抽象
B2Existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence. It refers to generalizing or extracting the essence of something away from specific details.
抽象的に
B1In an abstract or theoretical manner.
学術的な
B1Academic, scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学術的だ
B1Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術的
B2Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術
B1Academia; scholarship; relating to scholarly pursuits.
学力
B1Academic ability; a person's level of knowledge and skill in academic subjects.
