Use 'amari' with a negative verb to express that something is not particularly high in degree or quality.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Used with negative verbs to mean 'not very much'.
- Can also function as a noun meaning 'remainder' or 'surplus'.
- Softens negative statements to sound less harsh.
Overview
- 1概要:「余り(あまり)」は、主に否定的な文脈で用いられ、期待したほどではない、あるいは程度がそれほど高くないことを表現する副詞です。日常会話において、自分の意見や感想を控えめに伝える際に非常に便利な言葉です。2) 使用パターン:基本的に「余り+否定形(ない)」という形で使われます。例:「余り好きではない」「余りおいしくない」。また、名詞として「余りもの(残り物)」や「余り(超過分)」という使い方も一般的です。3) 一般的な文脈:友人との会話や、少し柔らかい表現をしたい時に適しています。ビジネスシーンでは、より丁寧な「あまり〜ません」という形をとることで、角を立てずに否定的な意見を伝えることができます。4) 類似語との比較:「全然(ぜんぜん)」は強い否定を意味しますが、「余り」は「少しはあるかもしれないが、大したことはない」というニュアンスを含みます。一方、「少し」は肯定的な文脈でも使えるため、否定文で使う「余り」とは明確に区別されます。
Examples
この料理は余り好きではありません。
everydayI don't really like this dish.
今日は余り時間がありません。
formalI don't have much time today.
あの店は余りおいしくないよ。
informalThat restaurant isn't very good.
データのサンプル数が余り多くないため、結論を出すのは難しい。
academicSince the sample size is not very large, it is difficult to draw a conclusion.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
余りものには福がある
Good things come to those who wait (lit: there is luck in leftovers).
余り気にしない
Don't worry too much.
余り知られていない
Not very well known.
Often Confused With
Zenzen is used for strong, absolute negation. Amari is used for partial or mild negation.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Amari is a versatile word used to soften negative feedback. It is appropriate in both formal and informal registers. Always ensure it is paired with a negative verb form to maintain correct grammar.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use 'amari' in positive sentences, which is grammatically incorrect unless used as a noun. Ensure you always attach it to a negative verb. Avoid using it to mean 'very' in a positive sense.
Tips
Use for polite disagreement
When you want to decline something or state a negative opinion, 'amari' makes your sentence sound softer and more polite. It avoids the bluntness of a direct 'no'.
Avoid in strong denials
Do not use 'amari' if you want to express a total, strong denial. Use 'zenzen' instead for that purpose.
Japanese indirect communication
Japanese culture values harmony. Using 'amari' allows speakers to express disagreement without being confrontational, which is a key part of maintaining social etiquette.
Word Origin
The word originates from the verb 'amaru' (to exceed/remain). It evolved to describe the degree of something being beyond or not quite meeting a standard.
Cultural Context
The usage of 'amari' reflects the Japanese tendency to avoid direct confrontation. By using this word, speakers can express a negative opinion while leaving room for subjectivity.
Memory Tip
Think of 'Amari' as 'A-minor' degree—not quite the full scale, just a little bit of a negative feeling. It helps to remember it's a 'partial' negative.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions「全然」は完全に否定する強い表現ですが、「余り」は「それほど〜ではない」という控えめな否定です。相手を傷つけたくない時には「余り」を使う方が適切です。
副詞としては基本的に否定文で使われます。肯定文で使う場合は「余りの暑さに驚いた」のように、「〜すぎて」という名詞的な用法になります。
残っているものや、計算の余りを指します。例えば「ケーキの余り」や「割り算の余り」といった使い方をします。
「あまりに」は「あまりにも」の略で、程度が甚だしいことを強調する際に使われます。副詞の「あまり」とは文法的な使い方が異なります。
Test Yourself
この映画は___面白くなかったです。
否定的な表現である「面白くなかった」と相性が良いのは「余り」です。
Score: /1
Summary
Use 'amari' with a negative verb to express that something is not particularly high in degree or quality.
- Used with negative verbs to mean 'not very much'.
- Can also function as a noun meaning 'remainder' or 'surplus'.
- Softens negative statements to sound less harsh.
Use for polite disagreement
When you want to decline something or state a negative opinion, 'amari' makes your sentence sound softer and more polite. It avoids the bluntness of a direct 'no'.
Avoid in strong denials
Do not use 'amari' if you want to express a total, strong denial. Use 'zenzen' instead for that purpose.
Japanese indirect communication
Japanese culture values harmony. Using 'amari' allows speakers to express disagreement without being confrontational, which is a key part of maintaining social etiquette.
Examples
4 of 4この料理は余り好きではありません。
I don't really like this dish.
今日は余り時間がありません。
I don't have much time today.
あの店は余りおいしくないよ。
That restaurant isn't very good.
データのサンプル数が余り多くないため、結論を出すのは難しい。
Since the sample size is not very large, it is difficult to draw a conclusion.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More general words
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
~について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
~ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
ごろ
A2About, approximately (time).
うえ
A2At a higher position than.
絶対
B1Absolutely; definitely; never.
絶対に
B1Absolutely; definitely.