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B1 noun #4,000 most common 12 min read

物理

butsuri Top 4,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 物理 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 物理 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 物理 (butsuri) means 'Physics'. It is a noun used to describe a subject you might study in school. You might use it in simple sentences like 'I like physics' (物理が好きです) or 'Physics is difficult' (物理は難しいです). At this stage, don't worry about complex scientific terms. Just remember the word itself and that it refers to the science of how things move and work. You might see it on a school timetable or in a basic introduction about yourself when talking about your interests. It is pronounced 'boo-tsu-ree'. The first part 'butsu' means thing, and 'ri' means reason.

At the A2 level, you can start using 物理 in more descriptive sentences. You might talk about having a physics test (物理のテスト) or a physics teacher (物理の先生). You can also begin to understand the concept of 物理的 (butsuriteki), which means 'physical'. For example, you might understand that a 'physical button' on a phone is different from a software button. You are learning to connect 物理 to the real world, not just a textbook. You should be able to recognize the kanji 物 (thing) and 理 (reason), as they are common in other words too. This will help you remember that physics is the 'reason of things'.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 物理 in various contexts, including academic and daily life. You can use the adverbial form 物理的に (butsuriteki ni) to mean 'physically'. This is very common when saying something is 'physically impossible' (物理的に無理) or 'physically difficult'. You should also understand the difference between 物理 (the subject) and 物理学 (the science/academic field). At this level, you might encounter 物理 in news stories about technology or space. You can also distinguish 物理 from related words like 物質 (substance) or 身体 (body), ensuring you use the correct term for the situation.

At the B2 level, you can use 物理 in more technical or nuanced discussions. You might talk about 物理法則 (laws of physics) or 物理現象 (physical phenomena). You understand how 物理 is used in specialized fields, such as gaming (物理エンジン - physics engine) or engineering. You can explain complex ideas, such as why a certain task is 'physically' constrained by time or space. Your vocabulary expands to include compound words like 理論物理学 (theoretical physics) or 核物理学 (nuclear physics). You are also aware of the metaphorical uses of the word and can use it to add precision to your speech in professional or academic environments.

At the C1 level, 物理 becomes a tool for deep analysis. You can engage in discussions about the philosophical implications of physics or the intersection of 物理 and other sciences like 心理学 (psychology) or 哲学 (philosophy). You understand subtle nuances, such as the difference between 物理的 (physical/material) and 実体的 (substantial/real). You can read scientific articles or watch documentaries in Japanese that use advanced terminology like 量子物理学 (quantum physics) or 相対性理論 (theory of relativity) without hesitation. You can also use 物理 in creative writing or formal debates to describe the structural and fundamental realities of a situation.

At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 物理 and its derivatives. You can discuss the etymology of the word, its historical development in the Meiji era as a translation for Western science, and its role in modern Japanese thought. You can navigate highly specialized academic discourses in physics, understanding the mathematical and theoretical nuances expressed in Japanese. You are also sensitive to the use of 物理 in literature and high-level journalism, where it might be used to contrast the tangible world with the metaphysical. Your ability to use the word is precise, versatile, and contextually perfect, whether in a laboratory, a boardroom, or a lecture hall.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

物理 in 30 Seconds

物理 (Butsuri) is the Japanese word for the science of physics.
It combines 'matter' (物) and 'logic/reason' (理).
Commonly used for school subjects and physical limitations (物理的に).
Distinguish it from 身体 (body) and 物質 (substance).

The Japanese word 物理 (pronounced 'butsuri') is the standard term for the field of physics. It is a foundational academic term used from middle school through university and into professional scientific research. In its most literal sense, the kanji components tell a story: 物 (butsu/mono) refers to physical things, matter, or objects, while 理 (ri) refers to logic, reason, or the underlying principles of the universe. Therefore, 物理 is the study of the logic that governs the physical world. This word is not just limited to textbooks; it permeates daily life when discussing how things work, from the mechanics of a car to the way gravity affects a falling object. In modern Japanese, it is frequently used in the compound 物理的 (butsuriteki), which means 'physical' as opposed to 'mental' or 'abstract'. For example, if you cannot fit a large sofa through a small door, you might say it is 'physically impossible' (物理的に無理).

Academic Subject: Used to refer to physics as a course in school or a field of study. Examples: 物理の授業 (physics class), 物理学者 (physicist).

彼は大学で物理を専攻しています。 (He is majoring in physics at university.)

Beyond the classroom, 物理 is used to describe the tangible reality of our environment. When people talk about 'physical laws' (物理法則), they are referring to the immutable rules of nature like entropy or thermodynamics. In the context of technology and gaming, you might hear about 'physics engines' (物理エンジン), which are software components that simulate physical systems to make movements and collisions look realistic. The word carries a sense of objectivity and cold, hard facts. It is often contrasted with 心理 (shinri), which means psychology or the inner workings of the mind. Understanding 物理 is essential for anyone interested in science, engineering, or simply understanding how the Japanese categorize the natural world. It is a word that bridges the gap between ancient philosophy (the 'reason' of things) and modern high-tech science.

Physical Limitations: Used to describe constraints based on space, time, or matter. Example: 物理的な距離 (physical distance).

この作業を一人でやるのは、物理的に時間が足りない。 (Doing this work alone, there is physically not enough time.)

In popular culture, especially in science fiction anime and manga, 物理 is a frequent guest. Characters might discuss the 'physics of a different dimension' or use 'physical attacks' (物理攻撃) in a role-playing game context, distinguishing them from magical or mental attacks. This distinction is crucial in gaming terminology. If a character has high 'physical defense' (物理防御), they are resistant to swords and arrows but might be vulnerable to spells. This shows how a strictly academic term has evolved to fit into the lexicon of entertainment and daily conversation, making it a versatile and vital word for any Japanese learner to master.

Game Mechanics: Used to distinguish between physical damage and other types like magic or elemental damage. Example: 物理ダメージ (physical damage).

魔法が効かないなら、物理で攻めるしかない。 (If magic doesn't work, we have no choice but to attack with physical force.)

ニュートンは近代物理学の父と呼ばれています。 (Newton is called the father of modern physics.)

Using 物理 effectively requires understanding its role as a noun and how it transforms into an adjective or adverb. As a standalone noun, it refers to the subject of physics. You will often see it paired with particles like を (object), が (subject), or の (possessive). For instance, '物理を勉強する' (to study physics) or '物理が好きだ' (I like physics). However, its most frequent 'utility' form in intermediate Japanese is 物理的 (butsuriteki), which functions as a na-adjective. By adding に (ni), it becomes an adverb, 物理的に (butsuriteki ni), meaning 'physically'. This is incredibly useful for describing the limitations of the real world.

As a Subject of Study: Focuses on the academic discipline. Example: 物理の試験 (physics exam).

明日の物理のテスト、全然自信がないよ。 (I have no confidence at all for tomorrow's physics test.)

When talking about science, 物理 is often part of compound words. 物理学 (butsurigaku) is the formal name for 'Physics' as a science. While 物理 is used colloquially for the school subject, 物理学 is used in academic papers or formal introductions. Another common compound is 物理学者 (butsurigakusha), meaning 'physicist'. When you want to describe a physical phenomenon, you use 物理現象 (butsuri genshō). For example, 'Rainbows are a physical phenomenon caused by light reflection' would use this term. The grammar is straightforward: noun + noun compounds are very common in Japanese scientific terminology.

Describing Reality: Using the 'teki' suffix to modify nouns. Example: 物理的な強さ (physical strength/durability).

データのバックアップは、物理的なハードディスクにも保存すべきだ。 (Data backups should also be saved on a physical hard disk.)

In more advanced contexts, you might encounter the phrase 物理を越える (butsuri o koeru), meaning to 'surpass physics' or 'defy the laws of physics'. This is common in fantasy or sci-fi discussions. Additionally, in the workplace, 物理 might be used when discussing logistics or office space. '物理的なスペースが足りない' means 'There is physically not enough space'. It sounds more professional than just saying 'it's too small'. It implies a hard limit that cannot be negotiated. Whether you are a student or a professional, knowing how to slot 物理 into these different grammatical structures will make your Japanese sound much more precise and sophisticated.

Advanced Usage: Discussing concepts that challenge science. Example: 物理法則を無視する (to ignore the laws of physics).

その映画のカーチェイスは、物理法則を完全に無視していた。 (The car chase in that movie completely ignored the laws of physics.)

最新のゲームは、物理演算が非常にリアルだ。 (The physics calculations in the latest games are extremely realistic.)

You will encounter 物理 in a variety of real-world Japanese environments, ranging from academic settings to pop culture. The most common place is, of course, a school or university campus. If you are walking through a Japanese high school during 'Subject Selection' (文理選択 - bunri sentaku), you will hear students debating whether to take 物理 (Physics) or 生物 (Biology). Physics is often seen as the more mathematically rigorous choice, so it’s a word associated with the 'Science/Math track' (理系 - rikei) students. In universities, the 'Physics Department' (物理学科 - butsurigakka) is a central hub for research, and you'll hear professors and students using the term constantly in lectures and seminars.

Educational Context: High school students choosing their elective science subjects. Example: 物理を選択する (to choose physics).

将来エンジニアになりたいから、物理をしっかり勉強しておかないと。 (I want to be an engineer in the future, so I have to study physics properly.)

Another major arena for 物理 is the world of technology and gaming. Japan is a global leader in game development, and the term 物理エンジン (butsuri enjin - physics engine) is a household word among gamers and tech enthusiasts. When a new game is released, reviewers often discuss the 'physics' of the game—how water flows, how objects break, or how a character's hair moves in the wind. If the movement looks weird, a player might comment, '物理がおかしい' (The physics are weird). This usage has made 物理 a very accessible word even for people who aren't scientists. Similarly, in the manufacturing and engineering sectors, 物理 is used when discussing the structural integrity of products or the physical properties of materials.

Tech and Media: Discussions about realism in CGI or video games. Example: 物理ベースレンダリング (Physics-based rendering).

このアニメの物理演算、すごくなめらかだね。 (The physics calculations in this anime are really smooth, aren't they?)

In news and documentaries, 物理 is used whenever scientific breakthroughs are reported. Whether it's the discovery of a new subatomic particle at CERN or a discussion about black holes, the word 物理学 (Physics) or 宇宙物理学 (Astrophysics) will be prominently featured. Even in daily life, you might hear it in a metaphorical sense. If someone is trying to solve a problem with brute force rather than strategy, a colleague might jokingly say they are using a 'physical solution' (物理的な解決). This implies using one's hands or strength to fix something that might have needed a more nuanced approach. From the laboratory to the living room, 物理 is a word that describes the very fabric of the world around us.

Scientific News: Reporting on Nobel Prizes or space exploration. Example: 理論物理学 (Theoretical physics).

今年のノーベル物理学賞は、量子力学の研究者に贈られた。 (This year's Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to researchers of quantum mechanics.)

それは物理学的に証明されています。 (That has been scientifically proven through physics.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using 物理 is confusing it with other 'physical' words in Japanese. In English, the word 'physical' can mean 'related to physics', 'related to the body', or 'tangible'. In Japanese, these are split into different words. If you want to talk about 'physical exercise' or 'physical health', you should NOT use 物理. Instead, use 身体 (shintai - body) or 肉体 (nikutai - flesh). Saying '物理的な健康' (physics-related health) would sound very strange, as if you are talking about the health of atoms and molecules rather than a human being. Always remember: 物理 is for matter and energy; 身体/肉体 is for the human body.

Mistake: Physics vs. Body: Using 物理 to describe human health or fitness. Correct: 身体的 (shintaiteki) or 肉体的 (nikutaiteki).

❌ 物理的なトレーニング (Physics training)
✅ 肉体的なトレーニング (Physical/Body training)

Another common error is confusing 物理 with 物質 (busshitsu). While they share the same first kanji (物), 物質 means 'substance' or 'material'. You use 物質 when you are talking about a specific chemical substance or the 'stuff' something is made of. You use 物理 when talking about the principles or the science itself. For example, 'a hazardous substance' is 危険物質 (kiken busshitsu), not 危険物理. Similarly, learners sometimes mix up 物理 (Physics) with 理科 (Rika). 理科 is the general term for 'Science' as a school subject (encompassing biology, chemistry, earth science, and physics). If you say you are studying 物理, you are specifically studying physics. If you say 理科, you are being more general.

Mistake: Physics vs. Substance: Using 物理 when you mean a physical object or material. Correct: 物質 (busshitsu).

❌ 未知の物理を発見した (Discovered an unknown physics)
✅ 未知の物質を発見した (Discovered an unknown substance)

Finally, watch out for the nuance of 物理的 (butsuriteki). In English, 'physical' can mean 'aggressive' (e.g., 'the game got physical'). In Japanese, while 物理攻撃 (physical attack) is used in games, you wouldn't usually use 物理的 to describe a person who is being physically aggressive in a bar fight. In that case, you might use 暴力的な (bōryokuteki na - violent) or 手が出る (te ga deru - to use one's hands). Using 物理的 in a social context can sound overly clinical or scientific. It’s best reserved for discussions about space, time, matter, and the limitations of the physical world rather than human behavior.

Mistake: Scientific vs. Behavioral: Using 物理的 to mean 'aggressive' or 'rough'. Correct: 荒っぽい (arappoi) or 暴力的な (bōryokuteki na).

❌ 彼は物理的な人だ (He is a physics-like person - sounds like he is made of atoms?)
✅ 彼は荒っぽい人だ (He is a rough/physical person.)

物理の法則は、誰に対しても平等です。 (The laws of physics are equal for everyone.)

To truly master 物理, it helps to understand its neighbors in the Japanese vocabulary. The most closely related word is 物理学 (butsurigaku). While 物理 is the common shorthand (like 'physics' in English), 物理学 is the formal academic name. If you are writing a resume or a formal paper, use 物理学. Another important distinction is between 物理 and 理科 (rika). 理科 is the umbrella term for all natural sciences taught in primary and secondary education. Under the umbrella of 理科, you have 物理 (Physics), 化学 (Kagaku - Chemistry), 生物 (Seibutsu - Biology), and 地学 (Chigaku - Earth Science). If a child says they like 'science', they say '理科が好き'. If a high schooler is specializing, they say '物理が好き'.

物理 vs. 物理学: Common vs. Formal. 物理 is used in conversation and school subjects; 物理学 is used in scientific contexts and titles.

Then we have 物質 (busshitsu), which means 'matter' or 'substance'. While 物理 is the *study* of matter, 物質 is the matter itself. For example, if you are talking about a new material discovered by scientists, you would call it a 'new substance' (新物質). If you are talking about the *properties* of that material (how it conducts electricity, etc.), you are talking about its 'physical properties' (物理的性質). Another related word is 科学 (kagaku), which means 'science' in a general sense. Note that 科学 is a homophone with 化学 (Chemistry), though the kanji are different. In spoken Japanese, chemistry is sometimes called 'bakagaku' to distinguish it from general science, although 'kagaku' is the standard.

物理 vs. 物質: Study vs. Object. 物理 is the logic/science; 物質 is the physical stuff/matter.

この物質の物理的特性を調べます。 (We will investigate the physical characteristics of this substance.)

For the concept of 'physical' as in 'tangible', you might also encounter 実体的 (jittaiteki) or 具体的な (kutaiteki na - concrete). While 物理的 refers to the laws of physics or spatial reality, 具体的な is used when you want 'concrete examples' or a 'tangible plan'. If you are talking about physical labor, the term is 肉体労働 (nikutai rōdō). Finally, in the realm of philosophy, 物理 is often contrasted with 形而上学 (keijijōgaku - metaphysics). 物理 deals with what we can measure and see, while 形而上学 deals with abstract concepts like being and knowing. Understanding these boundaries helps you choose the right word for the right situation.

物理 vs. 身体: Science vs. Body. Use 物理 for gravity; use 身体 for health.

物理的な距離よりも、心の距離の方が遠く感じることがある。 (Sometimes the emotional distance feels greater than the physical distance.)

In summary, while 物理 is the go-to word for physics, Japanese has a rich set of specific terms for different types of 'physicality'. By learning the distinctions between 物理, 身体, 物質, and 理科, you can describe the world with the precision of a scientist. Whether you are discussing a physics exam, a video game's mechanics, or the tangible limits of a project, choosing the correct 'physical' word will demonstrate a high level of Japanese proficiency.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

Before 物理 became the standard term, some early Japanese scholars used the term 'Kyūrigaku' (窮理学), meaning 'the study of exhausting the principles'. Eventually, 物理 won out due to its brevity and clarity.

Pronunciation Guide

UK bu.tsu.ɾi

US bu.tsu.ɾi

Flat (Heiban) - the pitch stays relatively consistent across syllables.

Rhymes With

Kutsuri (not a common word, but fits phonetically) Futuri (archaic) Tsuri (fishing) Kusuri (medicine) Yuzuri (hand-me-down) Meguri (circulation) Kezuri (shaving) Inori (prayer - near rhyme)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'tsu' as two separate sounds 't-su'. It should be one unified sound.
Elongating the 'u' sounds into 'booo-tsuuu-ree'. They are short.
Confusing 'ri' with an English 'l' or 'r'. It is a tap.
Stress on the wrong syllable. Japanese has pitch accent, not stress.
Confusing with 'matsuri' (festival).

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

The kanji are common but require intermediate knowledge (JLPT N3 level).

Writing 3/5

Writing 理 can be tricky for beginners due to the number of strokes.

Speaking 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward with no difficult clusters.

Listening 2/5

Clear sound, but don't confuse it with 'matsuri'.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

物 (Thing) 理 (Reason) 科学 (Science) 勉強 (Study) 難しい (Difficult)

Learn Next

化学 (Chemistry) 生物 (Biology) 理論 (Theory) 実験 (Experiment) 法則 (Law)

Advanced

量子力学 (Quantum Mechanics) 相対性理論 (Theory of Relativity) 素粒子 (Elementary Particle)

Grammar to Know

Noun + 的 (teki)

物理的 (Physical), 科学的 (Scientific), 心理的 (Psychological)

Adverbial に (ni)

物理的に不可能です。 (It is physically impossible.)

Noun + の + Noun

物理の先生 (Physics teacher)

Topic marker は (wa) for definitions

物理は、物質の研究です。 (Physics is the study of matter.)

Potential form with limitations

物理的に行けません。 (I physically cannot go.)

Examples by Level

物理が好きです。

I like physics.

Noun + が好きです (Standard 'I like X' pattern).

物理は難しいですか？

Is physics difficult?

Topic marker は + adjective 難しい + question marker か.

明日は物理の授業があります。

There is a physics class tomorrow.

の (possessive/linking) connects 物理 and 授業 (class).

これは物理の本です。

This is a physics book.

Standard 'A is B' structure using です.

物理を勉強します。

I study physics.

Object marker を + verb 勉強します.

私の兄は物理が得意です。

My older brother is good at physics.

得意 (tokui) means to be good at something.

物理の先生は優しいです。

The physics teacher is kind.

Describing a person associated with the subject.

物理は面白いです。

Physics is interesting.

面白い (omoshiroi) means interesting or fun.

物理のテストで百点を取った。

I got 100 points on the physics test.

で (particle) indicates the context/location of the action.

彼は物理学者になりたいと言っています。

He says he wants to become a physicist.

物理学者 (physicist) + になりたい (want to become).

物理の実験はとても楽しいです。

Physics experiments are very fun.

実験 (jikken) means experiment.

この図書館には物理の本がたくさんあります。

There are many physics books in this library.

には (in/at) + あります (there is/are).

物理は理科の中で一番難しいと思います。

I think physics is the hardest among the sciences.

の中で (among) + 一番 (the most) + と思います (I think).

物理の教科書を忘れました。

I forgot my physics textbook.

教科書 (kyōkasho) means textbook.

大学で物理を専門に学びたいです。

I want to study physics as my specialty at university.

専門に (as a specialty) + 学びたい (want to study).

物理の法則について少し知っています。

I know a little bit about the laws of physics.

について (about) + 知っています (know).

それを一人で運ぶのは、物理的に不可能です。

It is physically impossible to carry that alone.

物理的に (physically) + 不可能 (impossible).

物理学の基礎を理解するのは時間がかかる。

It takes time to understand the basics of physics.

基礎 (kiso) means foundation/basics.

このゲームの物理演算はとてもリアルだ。

The physics calculations in this game are very realistic.

物理演算 (butsuri enzan) refers to physics engines/calculations.

物理的な距離があっても、友達でいられる。

Even if there is a physical distance, we can remain friends.

物理的な (physical) + 距離 (distance).

彼は物理の知識を仕事に活かしている。

He is utilizing his knowledge of physics in his work.

知識 (chishiki) means knowledge; 活かす (ikasu) means to utilize.

物理の授業でニュートンの法則を習った。

We learned Newton's laws in physics class.

習った (naratta) is the past tense of 'learn'.

物理的な証拠がないと、犯人は捕まえられない。

Without physical evidence, we can't catch the criminal.

物理的な証拠 (physical evidence).

最近のスマホは、物理ボタンが少なくなっている。

Recent smartphones have fewer physical buttons.

物理ボタン (physical button).

量子物理学の世界は、私たちの常識が通用しない。

The world of quantum physics is where our common sense doesn't apply.

常識 (jōshiki) common sense; 通用しない (tsūyō shinai) doesn't apply.

物理的な制約があるため、この計画は修正が必要だ。

Because there are physical constraints, this plan needs revision.

制約 (seiyaku) constraints; 修正 (shūsei) revision.

アインシュタインは現代物理学に大きな影響を与えた。

Einstein had a great influence on modern physics.

影響を与える (eikyō o ataeru) to give/have an influence.

この現象は、物理学的に説明することができます。

This phenomenon can be explained scientifically through physics.

物理学的に (physically/scientifically) + 説明する (explain).

物理的なダメージだけでなく、精神的なショックも大きい。

Not only the physical damage, but the mental shock is also great.

だけでなく (not only) + も (also).

理論物理学者は、宇宙の始まりについて研究している。

Theoretical physicists are researching the beginning of the universe.

理論物理学者 (theoretical physicist).

この素材は、非常に高い物理的強度を持っている。

This material has extremely high physical strength.

強度 (kyōdo) strength/durability.

物理法則に従えば、その結果は当然のことだ。

If you follow the laws of physics, that result is a matter of course.

に従えば (ni shitagaeba) if one follows.

物理学の進歩により、かつての空想が現実味を帯びてきた。

With the progress of physics, former fantasies have become more realistic.

により (due to/by means of); 現実味を帯びる (to take on a sense of reality).

物理的な実体を持たないデジタル資産の価値が議論されている。

The value of digital assets that lack a physical entity is being debated.

実体を持たない (not having a physical entity/substance).

超弦理論は、物理学のあらゆる法則を統合しようとする試みだ。

Superstring theory is an attempt to unify all the laws of physics.

統合する (tōgō suru) to unify/integrate; 試み (kokoromi) attempt.

物理学的な観点から見れば、その説には矛盾がある。

From a physical standpoint, there are contradictions in that theory.

観点から見れば (from the viewpoint of); 矛盾 (mujun) contradiction.

この建築物は、物理的な美しさと機能性を兼ね備えている。

This building combines physical beauty with functionality.

兼ね備えている (kane-sonaete iru) to possess both.

素粒子物理学の実験には、巨大な加速器が必要不可欠だ。

For experiments in particle physics, a massive accelerator is indispensable.

必要不可欠 (hitsuyō fukaketsu) indispensable/essential.

物理的な限界に挑むアスリートの姿に、人々は感動する。

People are moved by the sight of athletes challenging their physical limits.

限界に挑む (genkai ni idomu) to challenge limits.

統計物理学の手法を経済現象の分析に応用する。

Applying the methods of statistical physics to the analysis of economic phenomena.

手法 (shuhō) method/technique; 応用する (ōyō suru) to apply.

物理学における対称性の破れは、宇宙の謎を解く鍵となる。

Symmetry breaking in physics is the key to solving the mysteries of the universe.

における (in/at - formal); 鍵となる (to be the key).

物理的な時空の概念を根底から覆すような新理論が登場した。

A new theory has appeared that fundamentally overturns the concept of physical space-time.

根底から覆す (kontei kara kutsugaesu) to overturn from the foundation.

物理学的な必然性によって、この事象は引き起こされた。

This event was brought about by physical necessity.

必然性 (hitsuzensei) necessity/inevitability.

観測者が物理系に与える影響は、量子力学の核心的な問題だ。

The influence an observer has on a physical system is a core problem of quantum mechanics.

核心的な (kakushinteki na) core/central.

物理的なアプローチだけでは、意識の謎を解明することはできない。

A physical approach alone cannot elucidate the mystery of consciousness.

解明する (kaimei suru) to elucidate/solve.

物理学のパラダイムシフトは、人類の文明に劇的な変化をもたらした。

Paradigm shifts in physics have brought dramatic changes to human civilization.

もたらした (motarashita) brought about.

物理的な媒体としての本は、デジタル時代においても独自の価値を持つ。

Books as a physical medium hold unique value even in the digital age.

媒体 (baitai) medium; においても (even in - formal).

物理学の記述言語としての数学は、驚異的な有効性を発揮する。

Mathematics, as the descriptive language of physics, exhibits marvelous effectiveness.

発揮する (hakki suru) to exhibit/demonstrate.

Common Collocations

物理を専攻する

物理的に無理

物理法則

物理エンジン

物理的な距離

物理攻撃

理論物理学

物理現象

物理的証拠

物理の教科書

Common Phrases

物理的に不可能

— Something that cannot happen due to the laws of nature or space-time. It is a strong way to say 'impossible'.

２箇所に同時にいるのは物理的に不可能です。

物理で殴る

— A slang/gaming term meaning to solve a problem with brute force or simple physical attacks rather than strategy.

ギミックが分からないから、物理で殴って倒した。

物理の壁

— A metaphorical 'wall' or limit imposed by physical reality.

音速を超えるには物理の壁がある。

物理的なダメージ

— Actual physical harm or structural damage, as opposed to emotional or financial loss.

車は物理的なダメージを受けたが、怪我はなかった。

物理学賞

— Specifically referring to the Nobel Prize in Physics.

彼はノーベル物理学賞を受賞した。

物理学の父

— An honorific title for foundational figures like Newton or Galileo.

ガリレオは近代物理学の父と言われる。

物理的特性

— The specific physical characteristics of a material (hardness, melting point, etc.).

鉄の物理的特性を学ぶ。

物理演算

— The process of computing physical interactions in software.

このゲームは物理演算がリアルだ。

物理ボタン

— A tactile, clickable button on a device, often contrasted with touchscreens.

私は物理ボタンがあるキーボードが好きだ。

物理的な制約

— Limitations caused by the physical environment (size, weight, time).

予算よりも物理的な制約が問題だ。

Often Confused With

物理 vs 物質 (Busshitsu)

Means 'matter' or 'substance' itself, not the study of it.

物理 vs 身体 (Shintai)

Refers to the human body, whereas 物理 refers to the physical world.

物理 vs 心理 (Shinri)

Means 'psychology'. It is the opposite of 物理 in a mind-vs-matter context.

Idioms & Expressions

"物理的にあり得ない"

— Used to express total disbelief, implying something contradicts the laws of science.

あんなスピードで曲がるなんて、物理的にあり得ないよ。

informal

"物理の法則を無視する"

— To act or describe something as if gravity or inertia do not exist (often used for cartoons or bad movies).

このアニメ、物理の法則を無視しすぎじゃない？

neutral

"物理的な距離は心の距離"

— A variation of 'out of sight, out of mind', suggesting that being physically far leads to emotional distance.

遠距離恋愛は大変だ。物理的な距離は心の距離になりやすいからね。

informal

"物理で解決する"

— To fix something by hitting it or moving it manually rather than thinking it through.

パソコンが動かない？物理で解決（叩く）するのはやめて！

slang

"物理の限界"

— The absolute limit of what is possible in the physical world.

このエンジンの回転数は、もう物理の限界だ。

neutral

"物理学的な美"

— The beauty found in the symmetry and logic of physical laws.

数式には物理学的な美が宿っている。

formal

"物理的に遮断する"

— To completely block something out in a physical sense (like soundproofing or a wall).

外部の音を物理的に遮断する。

formal

"物理の教科書通り"

— Exactly as predicted by theory; perfectly following the rules.

ボールは物理の教科書通りの軌道で飛んでいった。

neutral

"物理的な裏付け"

— Physical evidence or a scientific basis that supports a claim.

その主張には物理的な裏付けが必要だ。

formal

"物理的に消去する"

— To destroy something so it no longer exists in the physical world (often used for data/hard drives).

機密データは物理的に消去（破壊）してください。

business

Easily Confused

物理 vs 理科 (Rika)

Both mean 'science'.

理科 is the general subject in primary/secondary school. 物理 is the specific branch of physics.

小学校では理科を習い、高校で物理を選ぶ。

物理 vs 化学 (Kagaku)

Both are branches of science.

化学 is Chemistry (study of substances/reactions). 物理 is Physics (study of matter/energy/motion).

水が凍るのは物理現象だが、燃えるのは化学反応だ。

物理 vs 肉体 (Nikutai)

Both can be translated as 'physical'.

肉体 is strictly about the flesh and bone of a living being. 物理 is about the physical world/science.

肉体的な疲労と、物理的な距離。

物理 vs 実際 (Jissai)

Both can mean 'in reality'.

実際 means 'actually' or 'in practice'. 物理的に means 'physically/scientifically'.

実際は可能だが、物理的に疲れる。

物理 vs 生物 (Seibutsu)

Both are science subjects.

生物 is Biology (study of life). 物理 is Physics.

私は生物より物理の方が得意だ。

Sentence Patterns

[Subject] は物理が [Adjective] です。

私は物理が好きです。

[Time] に物理の [Event] があります。

明日に物理のテストがあります。

[Action] のは物理的に [Possible/Impossible] です。

一人で運ぶのは物理的に無理です。

物理的な [Noun] を [Verb]。

物理的な距離を縮める。

物理学的に [Verb/Adjective]。

物理学的に説明できます。

[Person] は物理学の [Title] です。

アインシュタインは物理学の天才です。

物理学の [Concept] に基づいて [Action]。

物理学の法則に基づいて計算する。

物理的な [Entity] と [Abstract] の [Relationship]。

物理的な実体と精神の境界線。

Word Family

Nouns

物理学 (Physics/Science)

物理学者 (Physicist)

物理屋 (Physics enthusiast/Physicist - colloquial)

物理量 (Physical quantity)

Verbs

物理学を研究する (To research physics)

物理的に処理する (To process physically)

Adjectives

物理的 (Physical)

物理学上の (On physics/Scientific)

理科 (Science)

化学 (Chemistry)

生物 (Biology)

地学 (Earth Science)

数学 (Mathematics)

How to Use It

frequency

High (Top 2000 words in Japanese, especially in education and tech).

Common Mistakes

Using 物理 for 'physical health'. → 身体的な健康 (Shintaiteki na kenkō)
物理 refers to the science of physics, not the human body.
Saying '物理の運動' for 'physical exercise'. → 運動 (Undō) or 体育 (Taiiku)
物理の運動 would mean 'the motion of physical matter' (like a ball rolling), not a human workout.
Confusing 物理 (study) with 物質 (matter). → 物質 (Busshitsu) for the 'stuff' itself.
You discover a new '物質', but you study '物理'.
Pronouncing it 'butsu-reeee'. → Butsuri (short vowels).
Long vowels change the rhythm of Japanese and can make words harder to recognize.
Using 物理 to mean 'aggressive behavior'. → 暴力的な (Bōryokuteki na)
In English, 'he got physical' means he fought. In Japanese, '物理的' does not carry this social meaning.

Tips

The Reason of Things

Just remember that physics is the 'reason' (理) of 'things' (物). It’s the logic behind why the world works.

Use 'teki' for Adjectives

Whenever you want to say 'physical', use '物理的な'. It’s the most versatile form for learners.

Gaming Context

If you play Japanese games, look for '物理' in the stats menu. It usually refers to physical attack or defense power.

Formal vs Informal

Use '物理学' on your resume or in a speech, but '物理' when chatting with classmates.

Particle Choice

Use '物理を' when studying it, but '物理的に' when describing how something is impossible.

Short Vowels

Keep the 'u' sounds short and crisp. Elongating them makes you sound like you're struggling with the word.

Physics vs Body

Never use 物理 for 'physical exercise'. Use 体育 (taiiku) or 運動 (undō) instead.

Related Kanji

Learning '理' will help you with '理由' (reason), '理科' (science), and '理解' (understanding).

Emphasizing Impossibility

Saying '物理的に無理' is a very natural way to sound like a native speaker when rejecting an impossible request.

Rikei Culture

Being a '物理屋' (physics person) has a certain nerdy but cool connotation in Japanese university culture.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of a 'BOOT' (bu) hitting a 'TREE' (tsu-ri). The study of what happens when the boot hits the tree is 'Physics'.

Visual Association

Imagine a falling apple (Newton) hitting a physical object (物) while a scientist thinks about the logic (理) behind it.

Word Web

Gravity Energy Atom Newton Matter Logic Science Experiment

Challenge

Try to find three things in your room right now and describe their '物理的な' (physical) properties in Japanese, such as weight or size.

Word Origin

The term 物理 was used in ancient Chinese texts to mean 'the principles of things' or 'the way of the world'. During the Meiji Restoration in Japan (late 19th century), it was chosen as the translation for the Western science of 'Physics'.

Original meaning: The logic (理) of objects/matter (物).

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

Cultural Context

No specific sensitivities. It is a neutral academic and descriptive term.

In English, 'physics' is often just a school subject, but in Japanese, 物理 is used very frequently as an adverb (物理的に) to describe everyday limitations.

The 'Galileo' series (TV drama/books) Nobel Prize winners like Hideki Yukawa Physics engines in games like Zelda: Breath of the Wild

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

School/University

物理の単位を落とす (Fail physics credit)
物理学の研究室 (Physics lab)
物理の教科書 (Physics textbook)
物理の公式 (Physics formula)

Gaming/IT

物理演算がリアル (Physics are realistic)
物理エンジンを開発する (Develop a physics engine)
物理ダメージ (Physical damage)
物理サーバー (Physical server)

Scientific Discussion

物理法則に反する (Contrary to physical laws)
物理的な特性 (Physical characteristics)
物理現象を解明する (Elucidate physical phenomena)
近代物理学 (Modern physics)

Daily Problem Solving

物理的に時間が足りない (Physically not enough time)
物理的な距離がある (There is a physical distance)
物理的に無理 (Physically impossible)
物理的な証拠 (Physical evidence)

Sports/Health

物理的な強さ (Physical strength/durability)
物理的な接触 (Physical contact)
物理療法 (Physical therapy)
物理的な限界 (Physical limit)

Conversation Starters

"学生時代、物理は得意でしたか？ (Were you good at physics when you were a student?)"

"最新のゲームで物理演算がすごいと思ったものはありますか？ (Are there any recent games where you thought the physics were amazing?)"

"物理的に無理だと思った経験はありますか？ (Have you ever had an experience where you thought something was physically impossible?)"

"好きな物理学者はいますか？ (Do you have a favorite physicist?)"

"物理の法則で一番不思議だと思うものは何ですか？ (What do you think is the most mysterious law of physics?)"

Journal Prompts

今日の出来事で「物理的に無理だ」と感じたことを書いてください。 (Write about something today that felt 'physically impossible'.)

もし物理の法則を一つだけ変えられるなら、何を変えますか？ (If you could change just one law of physics, what would it be?)

物理の授業での思い出を教えてください。 (Tell me about a memory from physics class.)

「物理的な距離」と「心の距離」について、あなたの考えを書いてください。 (Write your thoughts on 'physical distance' vs. 'emotional distance'.)

科学技術の進歩で、物理の限界をどう超えていくと思いますか？ (How do you think we will overcome physical limits with technological progress?)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Usually no. For 'physical therapy', the term is '物理療法' (butsuri ryōhō), but for a 'physical exam', you would use '健康診断' (kenkō shindan). For 'physical health', use '身体的な健康' (shintaiteki na kenkō).

物理 is the common, shortened version often used for the school subject or in daily conversation (like 'physics'). 物理学 is the formal name of the academic discipline. Use 物理学 in titles or formal writing.

It is '物理エンジン' (butsuri enjin). It is a very common term in the gaming and software development industries in Japan.

Yes, especially the phrase '物理的に無理' (butsuriteki ni muri), which means 'physically impossible'. People use it to emphasize that something cannot be done due to time, space, or strength constraints.

This is gaming slang. It means to defeat an enemy using only basic physical attacks (swords, punches) instead of using magic or complex strategies. It can also metaphorically mean solving a problem with brute force.

No, that would be confusing. Use '荒っぽい' (arappoi) or '暴力的な' (bōryokuteki na) for someone who is physically aggressive. 物理 refers to the science or laws of nature.

Both are important. 物 (thing) is N4 level and used in words like 食べ物 (food). 理 (reason) is N3 level and used in words like 理由 (reason) and 料理 (cooking).

Yes, it is generally considered one of the most difficult subjects in high school, especially because it requires a high level of mathematics. It is often associated with smart, 'Rikei' (science-track) students.

It is '物理学者' (butsurigakusha). You add '学' (study) and '者' (person) to '物理'.

Yes! '物理ボタン' (butsuri botan) is the standard term for a real, clickable button on a phone or computer, as opposed to a virtual button on a screen.