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A2 verb 8 min read

만들어지다

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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 만들어지다 in 30 Seconds
Explanation 만들어지다 in your Level:
At the A1 CEFR level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic sentence structures and vocabulary. The concept of passive voice might be introduced very simply, focusing on common, everyday objects and actions. For example, understanding that a chair is 'made' without needing to know who made it. The focus is on recognition of simple passive forms in familiar contexts.
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At the A2 CEFR level, learners can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g., very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). They can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters. '만들어지다' at this level helps them describe how common objects are made or where they come from, focusing on the object itself rather than the creator. They can use it in simple past and present tense sentences.
At the B1 CEFR level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. They can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. They can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. At this level, '만들어지다' is used more broadly to discuss processes, origins of products, and even abstract concepts. Learners can understand and use it in more complex sentence structures and begin to differentiate it from active voice constructions.
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At the B2 CEFR level, learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. '만들어지다' is used in more nuanced ways, perhaps discussing the quality of manufactured goods, historical creation processes, or the formation of abstract ideas. Learners can appreciate subtle differences in meaning and usage compared to active voice or other passive-like constructions.
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At the C1 CEFR level, learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. At this level, '만들어지다' is used with precision, potentially in literary analysis, detailed technical descriptions, or discussions about societal creation processes. Learners can distinguish its usage from highly similar verbs and understand its implications in complex sentences.
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At the C2 CEFR level, learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in more complex situations. '만들어지다' is used with mastery, often in sophisticated contexts where the passive voice choice carries specific rhetorical weight. Learners can analyze its use in literature, advanced academic discourse, and critically evaluate its implications.
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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

만들어지다 in 30 Seconds

  • Passive verb: 'to be made' or 'to be created'.
  • Focuses on the object, not the maker.
  • Formed from '만들다' + '-어지다'.
  • Used for products, art, natural phenomena, etc.

'만들어지다' is a passive verb in Korean, meaning 'to be made' or 'to be created'. It's used when you want to talk about the process or result of something being produced, but you either don't know who or what made it, or the focus is on the object itself rather than the maker. Think of it as the Korean equivalent of 'is made', 'is created', 'is built', 'is manufactured', or 'comes into being'.

Core Meaning
Something comes into existence or is formed through a process.
Focus
Often emphasizes the object or result, not the agent of creation.
Usage Contexts
Describing how products are made, how natural phenomena occur, how art is created, or how something comes into being from abstract ideas.

이 건물은 천 년 전에 만들어졌어요.

This building was made a thousand years ago.

You'll hear '만들어지다' frequently when discussing manufactured goods, historical structures, artistic works, or even abstract concepts like plans or memories. It's a versatile verb that allows you to talk about the origin of things without necessarily naming the creator. For instance, if you're talking about how a delicious cake was made, you might say '이 케이크는 맛있게 만들어졌어요' (This cake was made deliciously), focusing on the cake's deliciousness as a result of being made well.

많은 사람들이 이 영화를 만들었어요.

Many people made this movie.
Natural Phenomena
Clouds are made in the sky. (구름은 하늘에서 만들어지다.)
Food Production
Kimchi is made with various vegetables. (김치는 여러 채소로 만들어지다.)
Art and Craft
This painting was made by a famous artist. (이 그림은 유명한 화가에 의해 만들어지다.)
Technology
Smartphones are made in factories. (스마트폰은 공장에서 만들어지다.)
Abstract Concepts
Friendship is made through trust. (우정은 신뢰를 통해 만들어지다.)

Understanding when to use the passive form '만들어지다' versus the active '만들다' is key to natural Korean expression. If the emphasis is on the existence or state of the object, and the maker is irrelevant or unknown, '만들어지다' is your go-to verb.

'만들어지다' is formed by taking the verb stem '만들-' (to make) and adding the passive suffix '-어지다'. This suffix indicates that the action is done to the subject, or that the subject undergoes a change of state. Common conjugations include the present tense '-어지다', past tense '-어졌다', and future tense '-어질 것이다'.

Basic Present Tense (-어지다)

This form is used to describe something that is currently being made or generally is made.

  • 이 빵은 매일 아침 만들어져요. (This bread is made every morning.)
  • 이 옷은 특별한 천으로 만들어져요. (These clothes are made from special fabric.)
  • 새로운 기술이 계속 만들어지고 있어요. (New technologies are continuously being made.)

Past Tense (-어졌다)

Used to talk about something that was made in the past.

  • 이 조각상은 오래전에 만들어졌어요. (This statue was made a long time ago.)
  • 그 이야기는 사실을 바탕으로 만들어졌어요. (That story was made based on facts.)
  • 그 건물은 1980년대에 만들어졌습니다. (That building was made in the 1980s.)

Future Tense (-어질 것이다)

Used to talk about something that will be made in the future.

  • 이 공원은 내년에 만들어질 거예요. (This park will be made next year.)
  • 새로운 앱이 곧 만들어질 것입니다. (A new app will be made soon.)
  • 미래에는 더 많은 친환경 제품이 만들어질 것입니다. (In the future, more eco-friendly products will be made.)

Connecting with Other Verbs/Clauses

'만들어지다' can be combined with other grammatical structures.

  • 비 때문에 경기가 만들어지지 못했어요. (The game couldn't be made/played because of the rain.)
  • 이것은 단순한 장난감이 아니라 예술 작품으로 만들어졌어요. (This wasn't just made as a toy, but as a work of art.)
  • 그녀의 노력으로 새로운 희망이 만들어졌습니다. (New hope was created through her efforts.)

You'll encounter '만들어지다' in a wide variety of everyday situations and formal contexts in Korean. It's a fundamental verb for describing the origin and creation of things.

Product Descriptions and Manufacturing

When discussing how items are produced, especially if the manufacturer wants to emphasize the quality or process rather than just the brand.

  • 이 가구는 100% 원목으로 만들어졌습니다. (This furniture is made from 100% solid wood.)
  • 이 자동차는 최신 기술을 사용하여 만들어졌어요. (This car was made using the latest technology.)
  • 고품질의 재료로 만들어진 이 제품은 내구성이 뛰어납니다. (This product, made with high-quality materials, has excellent durability.)

News Reports and Documentaries

To describe the creation of historical sites, scientific discoveries, or cultural artifacts.

  • 이 유적은 수천 년 전에 만들어졌다고 합니다. (It is said that this ruin was made thousands of years ago.)
  • 새로운 백신이 빠르게 만들어지고 있습니다. (A new vaccine is being made rapidly.)
  • 이 다큐멘터리는 역사적인 사건을 바탕으로 만들어졌어요. (This documentary was made based on a historical event.)

Art and Culture Discussions

When talking about paintings, sculptures, music, or literature, focusing on the work itself.

  • 이 그림은 수채화 기법으로 만들어졌습니다. (This painting was made using watercolor techniques.)
  • 그 음악은 많은 사람들의 감동을 주도록 만들어졌어요. (That music was made to give emotion to many people.)
  • 이 영화는 실화를 바탕으로 만들어졌다는 점에서 특별합니다. (This movie is special in that it was made based on a true story.)

Discussions about Food and Cooking

Describing how dishes are prepared, especially when the recipe or method is being highlighted.

  • 이 케이크는 유기농 재료로 만들어졌어요. (This cake was made with organic ingredients.)
  • 전통 방식으로 만들어진 된장은 맛이 깊습니다. (Miso made in the traditional way has a deep flavor.)
  • 김치는 배추와 양념으로 만들어집니다. (Kimchi is made with cabbage and seasoning.)

Everyday Conversations

When casually talking about how things came to be.

  • 이 선물은 저를 위해 만들어졌어요. (This gift was made for me.)
  • 이 문제는 어떻게 만들어졌을까요? (How did this problem come to be made/created?)
  • 우리의 우정은 오랜 시간 동안 만들어졌어요. (Our friendship was made over a long period of time.)

Learners often make mistakes with '만들어지다' by either using the active form '만들다' incorrectly or by misapplying the passive construction. Understanding the nuances of passive voice in Korean is crucial.

Mistake 1: Using the Active '만들다' Instead of Passive '만들어지다'

This happens when the focus should be on the object being made, but the speaker uses the active verb, implying they are the maker or want to emphasize the maker.

Incorrect
이 집은 내가 만들었어요. (This house, I made it.) - Sounds like the speaker built the entire house.
Correct
이 집은 10년 전에 만들어졌어요. (This house was made 10 years ago.) - Focuses on the house's age and existence.

When you want to say something *was made* or *is made* and the maker is not the focus, use '만들어지다'. If you are the maker and want to state that, use '만들다'.

Mistake 2: Incorrectly Applying the Passive Suffix

Sometimes learners might try to add '-지다' to verbs where it doesn't fit, or misunderstand its function.

Incorrect
이 책은 읽어지다. (This book is read.) - While '읽히다' is the correct passive for 'read', simply adding '-어지다' to any verb stem isn't always grammatically sound or natural.
Correct
이 책은 재미있게 읽혀요. (This book is read with interest.) or 이 책은 많은 사람들에게 읽히고 있다. (This book is being read by many people.)

The suffix '-어지다' is specifically used to form passive verbs from certain transitive verbs or to indicate a change of state. It's not a universal passive marker for all verbs. '만들다' is one of the verbs where '-어지다' forms a natural passive.

Mistake 3: Forgetting the Subject Particle

In passive sentences, the subject is the thing being acted upon. Learners might sometimes use the object particle '을/를' incorrectly.

Incorrect
나는 이 케이크를 만들어졌어요. (I was made this cake.) - Grammatically incorrect and nonsensical.
Correct
이 케이크는 내가 만들었어요. (This cake, I made it.) OR 이 케이크는 맛있게 만들어졌어요. (This cake was made deliciously.)

In the passive voice, the subject usually takes the subject particle '이/가'. For example, '이 케이크가 맛있게 만들어졌어요' (This cake was made deliciously).

While '만들어지다' is the most direct passive form of 'to make', Korean offers other verbs and constructions that can convey similar meanings depending on the nuance and context.

1. 만들어지다 (To be made/created) vs. 만들다 (To make/create)

This is the fundamental active-passive pair. '만들다' is used when the subject is the doer, and '만들어지다' is used when the subject is the receiver of the action.

만들다 (Active)
Focuses on the agent performing the action.
Example: 제가 이 그림을 만들었어요. (I made this painting.)
만들어지다 (Passive)
Focuses on the object being made or the process of creation.
Example: 이 그림은 유명한 작가에 의해 만들어졌어요. (This painting was made by a famous artist.)

2. 만들어지다 vs. 생기다 (To arise, to be formed, to appear)

'생기다' often describes something that comes into existence naturally or spontaneously, or refers to the formation of something abstract like a problem or a feeling. It's less about intentional creation and more about occurrence or formation.

만들어지다
Implies a process of making or creation, often by an agent (even if unspecified).
Example: 이 건물은 튼튼하게 만들어졌어요. (This building was made sturdily.)
생기다
Describes natural formation, occurrence, or appearance.
Example: 얼굴에 주름이 생겼어요. (Wrinkles appeared on my face.) Example: 문제가 생겼습니다. (A problem arose.)

3. 만들어지다 vs. 이루어지다 (To be achieved, to be formed, to be accomplished)

'이루어지다' often refers to the fulfillment of goals, dreams, or plans, or the formation of something abstract from components. It carries a sense of completion or realization.

만들어지다
Focuses on the physical or conceptual creation process.
Example: 이 작품은 많은 노력으로 만들어졌어요. (This artwork was made with much effort.)
이루어지다
Focuses on the accomplishment, fulfillment, or formation from parts.
Example: 우리의 꿈이 이루어졌어요. (Our dream was achieved.) Example: 이 문장은 여러 단어로 이루어졌습니다. (This sentence is made up of several words.)

4. 만들어지다 vs. 지어지다 (To be built - typically for structures)

'지어지다' is a passive verb specifically used for the construction of buildings, houses, bridges, etc. It's a more specialized term than '만들어지다'.

만들어지다
General term for being made or created.
Example: 이 장난감은 플라스틱으로 만들어졌어요. (This toy was made from plastic.)
지어지다
Specifically for building structures.
Example: 이 아파트는 최근에 지어졌어요. (This apartment was built recently.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The '-어지다' suffix is very productive in Korean for creating passive or stative verbs. It's often attached to verb stems that describe an action or a change of state, allowing for a wide range of expressions. For example, '입다' (to wear) becomes '입어지다' (to be worn), and '열다' (to open) becomes '열어지다' (to be opened, though '열리다' is more common for doors). '만들다' is one of the verbs where '-어지다' naturally forms the passive.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /mɐn.dɯ.ɾʌ.d͡ʑi.da/
US /mɑn.dɯ.ɾʌ.d͡ʑi.dɑ/
The primary stress is on the first syllable '만' (man). Secondary stress can fall on '지' (ji).
Rhymes With
받아들여지다 이루어지다 사랑받다 깨달아지다 결정되다 보여지다 들려지다 사용되다
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing '들' as 'dul' instead of with the 'r' sound.
  • Confusing the vowel sounds, especially '어' and '으'.
  • Adding unnecessary pauses between syllables.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

At the A2 level, '만들어지다' is introduced as a basic passive verb. Learners will encounter it in simple sentences describing common objects and their origins. Understanding its passive nature and common conjugations is key.

Writing 3/5
Speaking 3/5
Listening 3/5

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

만들다 (to make) 이다 (to be) 있다 (to exist) 하다 (to do) 명사 (noun) 동사 (verb) 어미 (suffix) 능동태 (active voice) 수동태 (passive voice) 과거 시제 (past tense)

Learn Next

제작되다 (to be produced) 창조되다 (to be created) 지어지다 (to be built) 이루어지다 (to be achieved) 형성되다 (to be formed) 읽히다 (to be read) 보여지다 (to be shown) 들려지다 (to be heard)

Advanced

사역동사 (causative verbs) 피동 접미사 (passive suffixes) 문장 구조 분석 (sentence structure analysis) 한국어 문법의 이해 (understanding Korean grammar)

Grammar to Know

Formation of Passive Verbs with '-어지다'

The suffix '-어지다' is commonly attached to verb stems to create passive or stative verbs. For '만들다' (to make), it becomes '만들어지다' (to be made).

Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) Sentence Structure

In Korean sentences, the subject usually comes first, followed by the object (if any), and then the verb. For example, '이것은 나무로 만들어졌어요.' (This - subject, wood - material/object, was made - verb).

Particles (Topic/Subject/Object)

Particles like '은/는' (topic) and '이/가' (subject) are crucial. In passive sentences, the entity being made often takes the subject particle. '이 가방이 가죽으로 만들어졌어요.' (This bag - subject - was made of leather.)

Verb Conjugation (Tense and Politeness)

'만들어지다' conjugates like other verbs. Present tense informal: '만들어져요', past tense formal: '만들어졌습니다', future tense informal: '만들어질 거예요'.

Distinguishing Active vs. Passive Voice

Contrast '나는 만들었어요' (I made it - active) with '그것은 만들어졌어요' (It was made - passive) to understand the shift in focus.

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Examples by Level

1

이것은 컵입니다.

This is a cup.

2

의자는 나무로 만들어요.

Chairs are made of wood.

Simple present tense, active voice to indicate general truth.

3

이것은 장난감입니다.

This is a toy.

4

책이 있어요.

There is a book.

5

이것은 빵입니다.

This is bread.

6

빵은 밀가루로 만들어요.

Bread is made from flour.

General truth, active voice.

7

집이 있어요.

There is a house.

8

집은 벽돌로 만들어요.

Houses are made of bricks.

General truth, active voice.

1

이 가방은 가죽으로 만들어졌어요.

This bag was made of leather.

Simple past tense, passive voice. Focus on the bag and its material.

2

김치는 배추로 만들어져요.

Kimchi is made from cabbage.

Present tense, passive voice for general fact about food.

3

이 건물은 오래전에 만들어졌어요.

This building was made a long time ago.

Past tense, passive voice. Focus on the building's age.

4

이 옷은 한국에서 만들어졌어요.

These clothes were made in Korea.

Past tense, passive voice. Focus on the origin of the clothes.

5

새로운 다리가 내년에 만들어질 거예요.

A new bridge will be made next year.

Future tense, passive voice. Focus on the future construction.

6

이 케이크는 초콜릿으로 만들어졌어요.

This cake was made of chocolate.

Past tense, passive voice. Focus on the cake's main ingredient.

7

이 사진은 작년에 만들어졌어요.

This photo was taken last year.

Past tense, passive voice. Referring to the creation of the photo.

8

이 소설은 실제 사건을 바탕으로 만들어졌어요.

This novel was made based on real events.

Past tense, passive voice. Focus on the basis of the novel.

1

이 예술 작품은 독특한 재료를 사용하여 만들어졌습니다.

This artwork was made using unique materials.

Past tense, passive voice. Emphasizing the materials used in creation.

2

그녀의 노력으로 새로운 희망이 만들어졌다고 할 수 있습니다.

It can be said that new hope was created through her efforts.

Passive voice in a more abstract context, expressing a result.

3

이 소프트웨어는 사용자 편의를 최우선으로 고려하여 만들어졌어요.

This software was made with user convenience as the top priority.

Past tense, passive voice. Highlighting the design principle.

4

이 영화는 많은 관객들의 사랑을 받도록 만들어졌습니다.

This movie was made to be loved by many viewers.

Passive voice, indicating purpose of creation.

5

환경 보호를 위해 재활용 가능한 제품들이 많이 만들어지고 있습니다.

Many recyclable products are being made for environmental protection.

Present continuous passive. Focus on ongoing creation for a purpose.

6

그의 연설은 많은 사람들에게 영감을 주기 위해 만들어졌습니다.

His speech was made to inspire many people.

Passive voice, indicating the intended impact.

7

이 정책은 국민의 삶을 개선하기 위해 만들어졌습니다.

This policy was made to improve people's lives.

Passive voice, stating the purpose of a policy.

8

이 공원은 자연 친화적인 방식으로 만들어졌습니다.

This park was made in an environmentally friendly way.

Past tense, passive voice. Highlighting the method of creation.

1

이 복잡한 기계는 수많은 부품들이 조립되어 만들어졌습니다.

This complex machine was made by assembling numerous parts.

Passive voice, emphasizing the assembly process of a complex object.

2

그의 작품은 고전적인 기법과 현대적인 감각이 결합되어 만들어졌다는 평가를 받습니다.

His work is evaluated as being made by combining classical techniques and modern sensibility.

Passive voice, used in critical evaluation, highlighting the fusion of elements.

3

이 연구는 인류의 삶을 윤택하게 만들고자 하는 목표 하에 만들어졌습니다.

This research was made under the goal of enriching human life.

Passive voice, stating the overarching purpose of research.

4

디지털 시대에 맞춰 새로운 교육 시스템이 점진적으로 만들어지고 있습니다.

A new educational system is being gradually made to fit the digital age.

Present continuous passive, indicating an ongoing adaptation and creation.

5

이 건축물은 주변 환경과의 조화를 고려하여 설계되고 만들어졌습니다.

This architecture was designed and made considering harmony with the surrounding environment.

Passive voice, emphasizing the design considerations in its creation.

6

이 프로그램은 사회적 약자를 돕기 위한 취지로 만들어졌지만, 예상치 못한 부작용이 생겼습니다.

This program was made with the intention of helping the socially vulnerable, but unexpected side effects arose.

Passive voice for initial purpose, contrasted with '생기다' for unintended outcomes.

7

그의 책은 수많은 인터뷰와 자료 조사를 통해 만들어진 결과물입니다.

His book is the result of being made through numerous interviews and research.

Passive voice, describing the genesis of a book as a result of research.

8

이 기술은 미래 사회의 문제를 해결하기 위해 만들어지고 있는 중입니다.

This technology is in the process of being made to solve future societal problems.

Present continuous passive, highlighting the ongoing development of future-oriented technology.

1

이 작품은 작가의 내면세계를 탐구하고자 하는 의도 하에 심오하게 만들어졌습니다.

This artwork was profoundly made under the intention of exploring the artist's inner world.

Passive voice, emphasizing deep intention and profound creation.

2

그의 소설은 사회 비판적인 메시지를 담기 위해 치밀하게 구성되고 만들어졌다고 볼 수 있습니다.

His novel can be seen as being meticulously constructed and made to contain a socially critical message.

Passive voice, used in literary analysis to describe deliberate construction and purpose.

3

이 인공지능 시스템은 복잡한 데이터를 분석하고 예측하기 위해 고도로 정제된 알고리즘으로 만들어졌습니다.

This artificial intelligence system was made with highly refined algorithms to analyze and predict complex data.

Passive voice, detailing the sophisticated technical components used in creation.

4

전통 문화의 보존과 계승을 목표로 하는 프로그램들이 다양하게 만들어지고 있습니다.

Various programs aiming for the preservation and succession of traditional culture are being made.

Present continuous passive, highlighting the creation of initiatives for cultural preservation.

5

이 건축물은 지속 가능한 미래를 위한 비전을 제시하기 위해 혁신적인 공법으로 만들어졌습니다.

This architecture was made with innovative construction methods to present a vision for a sustainable future.

Passive voice, emphasizing innovative methods and forward-looking vision.

6

그의 음악은 시대의 아픔과 희망을 동시에 담아내도록 만들어졌다는 해석이 지배적입니다.

The prevailing interpretation is that his music was made to contain both the pain and hope of the era.

Passive voice, used in interpretation to describe the intended emotional resonance.

7

이 연구 결과는 미래 사회의 패러다임을 변화시킬 잠재력을 가진 것으로 만들어졌습니다.

These research findings were made to have the potential to change the paradigm of future society.

Passive voice, indicating the transformative potential embedded in the creation.

8

이 다큐멘터리는 인간 정신의 위대함을 조명하기 위해 감동적인 이야기들로 만들어졌습니다.

This documentary was made with moving stories to illuminate the greatness of the human spirit.

Passive voice, describing the narrative construction for a specific thematic purpose.

1

그의 작품 세계는 동서양의 미학이 절묘하게 융합되어 만들어진 독창적인 결과물로 평가받습니다.

His artistic world is evaluated as an original creation made by exquisitely fusing Eastern and Western aesthetics.

Passive voice, used in sophisticated art criticism to describe a unique synthesis.

2

이 이론은 오랜 학문적 논쟁과 실험을 거쳐 정립되었으며, 현대 과학의 기반을 이루도록 만들어졌습니다.

This theory was established through long academic debate and experimentation, and was made to form the foundation of modern science.

Passive voice, describing the rigorous process of theory formation and its foundational purpose.

3

그녀의 문학은 사회 구조의 모순을 파헤치고 새로운 의식을 고취하기 위해 의도적으로 만들어진 텍스트들로 구성됩니다.

Her literature is composed of texts intentionally made to delve into the contradictions of social structures and inspire new consciousness.

Passive voice, highlighting intentionality and the critical function of literary creation.

4

이 기념비는 과거의 아픔을 잊지 않고 미래 세대에게 교훈을 전달하기 위한 목적으로 기념비적으로 만들어졌습니다.

This monument was monumentally made with the purpose of not forgetting the pain of the past and conveying lessons to future generations.

Passive voice, emphasizing the monumental scale and didactic purpose of its creation.

5

디지털 시대의 정보 과잉 속에서 본질적인 가치를 탐구하고자 하는 열망으로 인해 새로운 형태의 지식 전달 방식이 만들어지고 있습니다.

New forms of knowledge dissemination are being made due to the desire to explore essential values amidst information overload in the digital age.

Present continuous passive, describing the emergence of new methods driven by a specific intellectual pursuit.

6

그의 음악은 인간 존재의 근원적인 질문에 대한 성찰을 유도하기 위해 복잡한 화성과 섬세한 멜로디로 만들어졌습니다.

His music was made with complex harmonies and delicate melodies to induce reflection on the fundamental questions of human existence.

Passive voice, describing the intricate musical composition designed for profound contemplation.

7

이 건축 프로젝트는 도시의 지속 가능한 발전과 시민들의 삶의 질 향상을 동시에 고려하여 설계되고 만들어지고 있습니다.

This architectural project is being designed and made, simultaneously considering the sustainable development of the city and the improvement of citizens' quality of life.

Present continuous passive, detailing a multi-faceted approach to urban planning and creation.

8

그녀의 시는 언어의 한계를 넘어서는 감정적 울림을 선사하기 위해 함축적이고 상징적인 언어로 만들어졌습니다.

Her poetry was made with implicit and symbolic language to deliver emotional resonance that transcends the limits of language.

Passive voice, describing the linguistic artistry employed to achieve a specific expressive effect.

Common Collocations

자연스럽게 만들어지다
특별하게 만들어지다
수공으로 만들어지다
기계로 만들어지다
정성껏 만들어지다
새롭게 만들어지다
원래 만들어지다
예술적으로 만들어지다
계획대로 만들어지다
좋은 의도로 만들어지다

Common Phrases

무엇으로 만들어졌어요?

— What is it made of?

이 가방은 무엇으로 만들어졌어요? (What is this bag made of?)

~로 만들어지다

— To be made of/from ~.

이것은 나무로 만들어졌어요. (This is made of wood.)

새롭게 만들어지다

— To be newly made or created.

이 도시는 새롭게 만들어지고 있습니다. (This city is being newly made.)

정성껏 만들어지다

— To be made with great care and sincerity.

어머니께서 정성껏 만들어주신 음식이에요. (This is food made with great care by my mother.)

오래전에 만들어지다

— To be made a long time ago.

이 절은 오래전에 만들어졌어요. (This temple was made a long time ago.)

더 나은 세상을 위해 만들어지다

— To be made for a better world.

이 기술은 더 나은 세상을 위해 만들어지고 있습니다. (This technology is being made for a better world.)

계획에 따라 만들어지다

— To be made according to a plan.

이 건물은 엄격한 계획에 따라 만들어졌습니다. (This building was made according to a strict plan.)

사람들을 위해 만들어지다

— To be made for people.

이 서비스는 사람들을 위해 만들어졌어요. (This service was made for people.)

그 자체로 만들어지다

— To be made by itself (implying natural occurrence or self-creation).

이것은 그 자체로 만들어진 것이 아니라, 누군가의 노력이 있었어요. (This wasn't made by itself; there was someone's effort.)

특별한 이유로 만들어지다

— To be made for a special reason.

이것은 특별한 이유로 만들어졌어요. (This was made for a special reason.)

Often Confused With

만들어지다 vs 만들다

'만들다' is the active verb meaning 'to make'. '만들어지다' is the passive form, meaning 'to be made'. Use '만들다' when you are the one doing the making, and '만들어지다' when the focus is on the object being made.

만들어지다 vs 지어지다

'지어지다' is a passive verb specifically for building structures like houses, buildings, and bridges. '만들어지다' is a more general term for being made or created.

만들어지다 vs 생기다

'생기다' means 'to arise' or 'to be formed', often used for abstract things or natural occurrences. '만들어지다' implies a more intentional process of creation.

Easily Confused

만들어지다 vs 만들다

Both relate to the concept of creation.

'만들다' is the active voice, focusing on the maker. '만들어지다' is the passive voice, focusing on the object being made. For example, 'I made this' (내가 만들었어) vs. 'This was made' (이것은 만들어졌어요).

나는 케이크를 만들었어요. (I made a cake.) vs. 이 케이크는 맛있게 만들어졌어요. (This cake was made deliciously.)

만들어지다 vs 지어지다

Both are passive verbs related to creation/formation.

'지어지다' is specifically for buildings and structures. '만들어지다' is a general term for anything being made or created, including objects, art, and even abstract concepts.

집이 지어졌어요. (The house was built.) vs. 이 장난감은 만들어졌어요. (This toy was made.)

만들어지다 vs 생기다

Both can imply something coming into existence.

'생기다' often refers to spontaneous formation, appearance, or occurrence (e.g., wrinkles, problems, feelings). '만들어지다' implies an intentional process of making or creation, often by an agent.

주름이 생겼어요. (Wrinkles appeared.) vs. 이 그림은 아름답게 만들어졌어요. (This painting was made beautifully.)

만들어지다 vs 이루어지다

Both can refer to something being formed or accomplished.

'이루어지다' emphasizes the accomplishment of a goal, dream, or the formation of something from components. '만들어지다' focuses more on the process of physical or conceptual creation.

우리의 꿈이 이루어졌어요. (Our dream was achieved.) vs. 이 작품은 많은 노력으로 만들어졌어요. (This artwork was made with much effort.)

만들어지다 vs 제작되다

Both are passive verbs related to production.

'제작되다' is often used for films, dramas, artworks, and manufactured goods, emphasizing the production process. '만들어지다' is more general and can apply to a wider range of items and concepts.

이 영화는 한국에서 제작되었어요. (This movie was produced in Korea.) vs. 이 빵은 맛있게 만들어졌어요. (This bread was made deliciously.)

Sentence Patterns

A2

[Noun]은/는 [Material]으로 만들어졌어요.

이 컵은 유리로 만들어졌어요. (This cup was made of glass.)

A2

[Noun]은/는 [Place]에서 만들어져요.

이 과자는 한국에서 만들어져요. (This snack is made in Korea.)

A2

[Noun]은/는 [Time]에 만들어졌어요.

이 건물은 100년 전에 만들어졌어요. (This building was made 100 years ago.)

B1

[Noun]은/는 [Purpose]을/를 위해 만들어졌어요.

이 도구는 집을 짓기 위해 만들어졌어요. (This tool was made for building houses.)

B1

[Noun]은/는 [Agent]에 의해 만들어졌어요.

이 음악은 유명한 작곡가에 의해 만들어졌어요. (This music was made by a famous composer.)

B2

[Noun]은/는 [Method]으로 만들어지고 있어요.

새로운 기술이 친환경적인 방식으로 만들어지고 있어요. (New technology is being made in an eco-friendly way.)

B2

[Noun]은/는 [Quality]하게 만들어졌어요.

이 집은 튼튼하게 만들어졌어요. (This house was made sturdily.)

C1

[Noun]은/는 [Abstract Concept]을/를 담아 만들어졌어요.

이 작품은 슬픔과 희망을 담아 만들어졌어요. (This artwork was made containing sorrow and hope.)

Word Family

Nouns

만듦새 workmanship, quality of making
만들기 making, crafting (as an activity)
만들어진 것 something that has been made

Verbs

만들다 to make, to create (active voice)
만들어지다 to be made, to be created (passive voice)

Related

제작되다 to be produced, manufactured
창조되다 to be created
지어지다 to be built (structures)
형성되다 to be formed
이루어지다 to be achieved, accomplished
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How to Use It

frequency

Common

Common Mistakes
  • Using '만들다' when '만들어지다' is needed. → 이 가방은 가죽으로 만들어졌어요.

    The original sentence implies the bag was made, and the focus is on the bag. Using '만들었어요' would mean 'I made this bag', changing the subject and focus.

  • Confusing '만들어지다' with '생기다'. → 이 문제는 복잡한 상황 때문에 만들어졌어요.

    '생기다' is for spontaneous occurrences (e.g., a problem arose). '만들어지다' suggests a process of creation or formation, even if indirect. The problem was 'made' or resulted from certain factors.

  • Incorrect particle usage with the subject. → 이 건물은 벽돌로 만들어졌습니다.

    The subject '이 건물' (this building) should take a subject or topic particle (이/가 or 은/는). The sentence implies the building was made, not that the building is the one doing the making.

  • Using '만들어지다' for specific construction. → 이 다리는 10년 전에 지어졌어요.

    For structures like bridges, '지어지다' is the more appropriate and specific passive verb. While '만들어지다' is understandable, '지어지다' is preferred.

  • Applying '-어지다' to verbs where it doesn't form a natural passive. → 이 책은 많은 사람들에게 읽혀요.

    While '-어지다' can form passives, '읽다' (to read) has a more common and natural passive form '읽히다'. Simply adding '-어지다' to any verb stem isn't always correct Korean grammar.

Tips

Active vs. Passive

Remember that '만들다' is active (the subject makes something) and '만들어지다' is passive (the subject is made). Think about who or what is the focus of the sentence. If it's the thing being created, use '만들어지다'.

Connect to '-어지다'

Recognize the '-어지다' suffix as a signal for passive voice or change of state. This pattern appears in many other verbs, so understanding it for '만들어지다' will help you with other vocabulary.

Focus on the Result

When you use '만들어지다', you are shifting the emphasis from the creator to the creation itself. This is useful when the process or the final product is more important than who made it.

Syllable Clarity

Practice pronouncing each syllable clearly: 만-들-어-지-다. Pay attention to the 'ㄹ' sound in '들' and the vowel sounds.

Describe Your Surroundings

Look around you and try to describe objects using '만들어지다'. For example, 'This table was made of wood.' (이 식탁은 나무로 만들어졌어요.) This helps solidify the usage.

Particles Matter

In passive sentences with '만들어지다', the subject (the thing being made) usually takes the subject particle '이/가' or the topic particle '은/는'. For example, '이것이 만들어졌어요' or '이것은 만들어졌어요'.

Synonym Exploration

Learning synonyms like '제작되다', '지어지다', and '이루어지다' will broaden your understanding and allow you to choose the most appropriate word for specific situations.

Appreciating Craftsmanship

In Korean culture, the effort and care put into making things are often highly valued. '만들어지다' allows you to express appreciation for this craftsmanship and the origin of items.

Build Sentences

Try creating sentences with different tenses (past, present, future) and politeness levels to practice using '만들어지다' in various scenarios.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a 'man' (만) who is 'drawing' (들-drawing implies making) a picture. The picture is 'made' (만들어지다) for you to see. Or, think of a robot named 'Deji' (지) who builds (만들) things. The things are 'made' (만들어지다) by Deji.

Visual Association

Picture a factory conveyor belt where various items are being produced. The items are coming off the belt, being 'made'. Or, visualize an artist sculpting a statue; the statue is 'made' by the artist's hands.

Word Web

만들어지다 passive verb to be made created object focus passive suffix -어지다 products art food buildings natural phenomena abstract concepts 만들다 (active)

Challenge

Try to describe five objects around you by stating what they are made of using '만들어지다'. For example, 'My phone is made of plastic and glass.' (제 폰은 플라스틱과 유리로 만들어졌어요.)

Word Origin

The verb '만들어지다' is a combination of the verb stem '만들-' (to make) and the passive suffix '-어지다'. The suffix '-어지다' is a common way to form passive verbs in Korean, indicating that the subject undergoes the action or that the action is done to the subject. This structure allows for the expression of passive voice where the agent is not specified or is less important than the object or result.

Original meaning: The core meaning comes from '만들다', which signifies the act of bringing something into existence or forming it. The addition of '-어지다' transforms this active verb into its passive counterpart.

Korean

Cultural Context

When discussing the creation of art or cultural items, using '만들어지다' can be a respectful way to acknowledge the object's significance without necessarily focusing on a single artist, especially if it represents a collective tradition or a long historical process.

In English, we often use 'is made', 'is created', 'is built', or 'is manufactured' to express the same passive idea. The choice depends on the context, similar to how Korean uses '만들어지다', '지어지다', or '제작되다'.

Korean traditional crafts (e.g., pottery, hanbok) are often described using passive verbs to emphasize their heritage and meticulous creation. Discussions about Korean cuisine frequently use '만들어지다' to explain how dishes are prepared, highlighting ingredients and methods. Historical dramas or documentaries about Korean history often use '만들어지다' when referring to the construction of palaces, temples, or artifacts.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Describing manufactured goods

  • 무엇으로 만들어졌어요?
  • 이 제품은 한국에서 만들어졌습니다.
  • 천연 재료로 만들어진...

Talking about food and recipes

  • 김치는 배추로 만들어져요.
  • 이 케이크는 초콜릿으로 만들어졌어요.
  • 정성껏 만들어진 음식

Discussing art and architecture

  • 이 그림은 수채화로 만들어졌어요.
  • 이 건물은 오래전에 지어졌어요.
  • 예술적으로 만들어진 작품

Explaining origins and history

  • 이 이야기는 사실을 바탕으로 만들어졌어요.
  • 이 유적은 수천 년 전에 만들어졌다고 합니다.
  • 오래전에 만들어진...

Abstract concepts and ideas

  • 우정은 신뢰로 만들어져요.
  • 새로운 희망이 만들어졌습니다.
  • 좋은 의도로 만들어진...

Conversation Starters

"What's your favorite item that you own, and what is it made of?"

"Have you ever tried making something yourself? What was it?"

"What kind of products do you think are made with the most care?"

"When you travel, what kind of souvenirs do you like to buy that are representative of the place?"

"Do you think artificial intelligence can truly 'create' things, or is it always just 'made'?"

Journal Prompts

Describe a favorite object in your home. What is it made of, and why do you like it?

Think about a time you learned a new skill. How did you feel when you were able to create something new?

Imagine you could invent anything. What would you create, and what would be its purpose?

Reflect on a piece of art or music that deeply moved you. How do you think it was made to evoke such strong feelings?

Consider a tradition or custom in your culture. How do you think it was originally created or passed down?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

'만들다' is the active verb meaning 'to make' or 'to create'. It's used when the subject is the one performing the action of making. For example, 'I made this cake' (내가 이 케이크를 만들었어요). '만들어지다' is the passive verb, meaning 'to be made' or 'to be created'. It's used when the subject is the object that is being made, and the focus is on the object or the process, not necessarily the maker. For example, 'This cake was made deliciously' (이 케이크는 맛있게 만들어졌어요).

'지어지다' is specifically used for the construction of buildings, houses, bridges, and other structures. '만들어지다' is a more general term that can be used for almost anything that is made or created, including objects, food, art, and abstract concepts. So, you would say '집이 지어졌어요' (The house was built) but '이 장난감은 만들어졌어요' (This toy was made).

Yes, '만들어지다' can be used for abstract concepts as well. For example, '새로운 희망이 만들어졌습니다' (New hope was created) or '우리의 우정은 만들어졌어요' (Our friendship was made/formed). In these cases, it implies the formation or coming into being of something non-physical.

It conjugates like other verbs ending in '-어지다'. For example: Present tense: 만들어져요/만들어집니다. Past tense: 만들어졌어요/만들어졌습니다. Future tense: 만들어질 거예요/만들어질 것입니다. Continuous present: 만들어지고 있어요/만들어지고 있습니다.

The suffix '-어지다' is used to form passive verbs or verbs indicating a change of state. When attached to a verb stem like '만들-', it transforms the active meaning ('to make') into a passive meaning ('to be made'). It shifts the focus from the doer to the receiver of the action or the resulting state.

Yes, you can mention the maker using the particle '에 의해' (by). For example, '이 그림은 유명한 화가에 의해 만들어졌어요.' (This painting was made by a famous artist.) However, the primary use of '만들어지다' is often when the maker is unknown or unimportant.

'생기다' generally means 'to arise', 'to appear', or 'to be formed' naturally or spontaneously, often for things like problems, wrinkles, or feelings. '만들어지다' implies a more intentional process of creation or making, even if the maker isn't specified. For instance, '문제가 생겼어요' (A problem arose) vs. '이 문제는 이렇게 만들어졌어요' (This problem was made this way).

Yes, you can use the present continuous form: '만들어지고 있다/있어요'. For example, '새로운 제품이 지금 만들어지고 있어요.' (A new product is being made right now.)

Yes, Korean has several passive verbs. For example, '보여지다' (to be shown), '들려지다' (to be heard), '읽히다' (to be read), '열리다' (to be opened), '닫히다' (to be closed), and '지어지다' (to be built).

'만들어지다' itself is a verb stem. Its formality depends on the ending used. '-어지다' is neutral, '-어요/-ㅂ니다' endings add politeness levels. So, '만들어졌어요' is polite informal, and '만들어졌습니다' is formal.

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