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B2 noun #1,900 most common 10 min read

상담

sangdam Top 1,900

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 상담 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 상담 in your Level:

At the A1 beginner level, learners are introduced to the word 상담 primarily as a noun they might encounter in essential survival situations, such as visiting a school office, a hospital, or a bank in South Korea. While they may not be able to conduct a full consultation in Korean yet, recognizing this word is crucial for navigating public spaces and understanding signs. Beginners will learn to identify the word on doors, such as 상담실 (counseling room), or on websites where they might need to click a button to get help. The focus at this stage is on basic vocabulary acquisition and understanding the general concept that this word means a place or a process where you talk to someone to get help. They will learn simple, highly useful phrases like '상담실이 어디예요?' (Where is the consultation room?) or '상담을 원해요' (I want a consultation). Teachers will introduce this word alongside other basic institutional vocabulary like 학교 (school), 병원 (hospital), and 은행 (bank). The goal is not complex grammatical manipulation, but rather building a foundational recognition that will allow the learner to seek assistance when needed. Even with limited Korean, knowing this single word can help a beginner point to a problem and ask for the appropriate person to speak with, making it a highly practical and essential piece of vocabulary for early-stage language acquisition.

As learners progress to the A2 elementary level, their ability to use the word 상담 expands from mere recognition to practical application in everyday scheduling and basic interactions. At this stage, learners are taught how to make appointments and express their needs more clearly. They will begin to use the word in conjunction with essential verbs like 하다 (to do), 받다 (to receive), and 예약하다 (to reserve). A significant focus is placed on the phrase '상담을 받고 싶어요' (I want to receive a consultation), which is a critical sentence pattern for anyone living in or visiting Korea. Learners will practice role-playing scenarios, such as calling a language school to ask about classes or visiting a clinic to schedule a meeting with a doctor. They will also learn to specify the type of consultation they need using simple nouns, such as 진로 상담 (career counseling) or 전화 상담 (phone consultation). The grammar structures introduced at this level allow learners to explain why they need the meeting, using basic conjunctions like 아/어서 (because). For example, '머리가 아파서 의사 선생님과 상담을 받고 싶어요' (Because my head hurts, I want to have a consultation with the doctor). This level empowers learners to take active steps in managing their daily lives and solving basic problems through communication.

At the B1 intermediate level, the use of the word 상담 becomes significantly more sophisticated and nuanced. Learners are now expected to not only schedule a consultation but also to actively participate in one, describing their problems, feelings, and situations in greater detail. The vocabulary surrounding the word expands to include terms related to psychology, law, and finance. Learners will practice using the word with the particle 에 대해(서) (about/regarding) to clearly state the topic of discussion, such as '유학 문제에 대해서 상담하고 싶습니다' (I would like to consult about studying abroad). At this stage, the distinction between giving and receiving advice becomes a focal point of instruction. Learners must master the difference between '상담을 받다' (to receive counseling) and '상담을 해 주다' (to give counseling). They will also explore the cultural context of seeking professional help in Korea, discussing topics like the increasing acceptance of 심리 상담 (psychological counseling) for stress management. The B1 learner can read short articles or listen to dialogues about people seeking advice for workplace issues or relationship problems, fully comprehending the role that this formal discussion plays in resolving the conflict. They are moving beyond transactional language into expressive and problem-solving communication.

At the B2 upper-intermediate level, which is the target CEFR level for this word's full mastery, learners are expected to handle complex, abstract, and highly professional contexts involving 상담. They should be comfortable navigating specialized environments such as legal disputes, financial investments, and advanced academic advising. The language used during these consultations is formal, polite, and precise. Learners will practice understanding and producing complex sentence structures that describe the outcomes, conditions, and prerequisites of a consultation. For example, they might encounter sentences like '전문가와의 심층적인 상담을 통해 향후 투자 방향을 결정할 예정입니다' (We plan to determine our future investment direction through an in-depth consultation with an expert). At this level, learners are also introduced to compound words and professional jargon, such as 전문 상담사 (professional counselor), 상담 일지 (counseling log), and 비대면 상담 (non-face-to-face/online consultation). They will be able to read and comprehend detailed service agreements or informational brochures regarding counseling services. Furthermore, B2 learners can engage in debates or discussions about the efficacy of different types of counseling, expressing their opinions clearly and supporting them with relevant examples, demonstrating a deep, culturally integrated understanding of the term.

At the C1 advanced level, the learner's command of the word 상담 is near-native, characterized by a deep understanding of its subtle nuances, idiomatic usage, and socio-cultural implications. Learners at this stage can effortlessly distinguish between similar terms like 조언 (advice), 의논 (discussion), and 자문 (advisory), choosing the exact right word for highly specific contexts. They can engage in or comprehend consultations that involve complex negotiations, emotional subtleties, or highly technical jargon. For instance, a C1 learner could understand a complex legal consultation regarding corporate tax law or a nuanced psychological therapy session dealing with deep-seated trauma. They are capable of reading academic papers, government policy documents, or advanced news reports that discuss the structural issues within the national counseling infrastructure, such as the shortage of youth counselors in public schools. The language they produce is sophisticated, utilizing advanced grammar patterns to express hypothetical situations, regrets, or complex causal relationships related to the act of consulting. They might say, '사전에 충분한 법률 상담을 거쳤더라면, 이와 같은 불미스러운 소송전은 미연에 방지할 수 있었을 텐데요' (If we had gone through sufficient legal consultation beforehand, we could have prevented such an unsavory lawsuit in advance).

At the C2 mastery level, the learner possesses a comprehensive and authoritative grasp of the word 상담, equivalent to that of a highly educated native speaker. They can manipulate the term across all registers, from the most colloquial and metaphorical uses to the most rigid academic and legal frameworks. C2 learners can analyze the etymological roots of the word and discuss how its usage has evolved over time in Korean literature and media. They can critically evaluate complex texts, such as philosophical essays on the nature of human interaction and the therapeutic value of dialogue, where the concept of counseling is a central theme. At this level, the learner can seamlessly integrate the word into highly complex, multi-clause sentences that articulate abstract theories, propose systemic reforms, or deliver nuanced critiques of professional practices. They are capable of writing professional-grade reports, policy proposals, or academic dissertations that heavily feature this vocabulary. For example, they might write, '현대 사회의 병리적 현상들을 완화하기 위해서는, 단순한 증상 처방을 넘어선 전인적 차원의 심리 상담 인프라 확충이 국가적 과제로 대두되어야 마땅하다' (In order to alleviate the pathological phenomena of modern society, the expansion of a holistic psychological counseling infrastructure, going beyond mere symptom prescription, must rightfully emerge as a national task).

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

상담 in 30 Seconds

Means consultation, counseling, or advice.
Used with verbs 하다 (give) and 받다 (receive).
Common in medical, legal, and school settings.
Implies talking to an expert to solve a problem.

The Korean word 상담 (sang-dam) is a highly versatile and frequently used noun that fundamentally refers to the act of consulting, counseling, or seeking professional advice. When we delve deeply into the linguistic and cultural nuances of this term, we uncover a broad spectrum of applications ranging from casual advice-seeking to highly formalized professional consultations. Understanding the true depth of this word requires an exploration of its various contexts, implications, and the subtle ways it shapes interpersonal and professional dynamics in Korean society. To begin with, the concept of counseling in South Korea has evolved significantly over the past few decades. Historically, seeking psychological help was sometimes stigmatized, but today, psychological counseling is widely accepted and actively encouraged for mental well-being. This shift has brought the word into everyday conversation, making it an essential vocabulary item for any intermediate or advanced learner of the Korean language.

Linguistic Root: The word is derived from Sino-Korean roots, where '상' (sang) means mutual or reciprocal, and '담' (dam) means talk or conversation. Thus, it inherently implies a two-way dialogue rather than a one-sided lecture.

This reciprocal nature is crucial to understanding how the word functions in a sentence. It is not merely about receiving instructions; it is about engaging in a meaningful dialogue to resolve a specific issue or gain clarity on a complex matter.

요즘 스트레스가 너무 많아서 심리 상담을 받고 있습니다.

In the context of education, students frequently engage in academic advising, which is another primary use of the term. Teachers and professors hold regular sessions with students to discuss their grades, future career paths, and any personal difficulties they might be facing. Furthermore, the business and legal sectors rely heavily on this concept. Whether you are starting a new company, dealing with a contract dispute, or managing investments, you will inevitably need to schedule a meeting with an expert.

Professional Context: In professional environments, the term often translates to 'consultation' rather than 'counseling', highlighting a subtle shift from emotional support to strategic or technical advice.

변호사와 법률 상담을 예약했습니다.

It is also important to note that the term can be used in consumer contexts. When you call a customer service hotline to inquire about a product or resolve an issue with a service, the representative you speak with is often referred to as a representative for this specific type of interaction.

고객 센터에 전화해서 요금제 상담을 받았습니다.

Everyday Usage: Even in casual settings, friends might use the word jokingly or seriously when asking for advice on relationships or personal dilemmas, though '조언' (advice) might be more common for informal situations.

친구에게 연애 상담을 해 주었습니다.

진로 문제로 선생님과 상담이 필요합니다.

In summary, mastering this vocabulary word opens up a wide array of communicative possibilities, allowing learners to navigate complex social, professional, and personal situations with greater ease and cultural appropriateness. The ability to distinguish between its various applications is a hallmark of an advanced Korean speaker.

Understanding how to use the word 상담 correctly involves mastering its collocations, associated verbs, and the specific grammatical structures that commonly accompany it. Because it is a noun that describes an action or a process, it is most frequently paired with the verbs 하다 (to do) and 받다 (to receive). This distinction is absolutely critical for learners to grasp, as using the wrong verb can completely reverse the meaning of the sentence and cause significant confusion in communication. When you are the person seeking advice, guidance, or professional expertise, you must use the verb 받다. This indicates that you are the recipient of the service.

Receiving Advice: The structure '[Noun]에게 상담을 받다' means to receive counseling or consultation from someone. For example, '의사에게 상담을 받다' means to consult with a doctor.

내일 오후에 부동산 중개인과 아파트 매매 상담을 받을 예정입니다.

Conversely, when you are the professional, the expert, or the friend who is providing the advice and listening to the problems, you use the verb 하다 or 해 주다 (to do for someone).

Providing Advice: The structure '[Noun]을/를 상담하다' or '[Noun]에게 상담을 해 주다' indicates that you are the one giving the consultation.

저는 청소년들의 고민을 들어주고 상담해 주는 일을 하고 있습니다.

Beyond the basic verbs of giving and receiving, there are several other crucial verbs that frequently collocate with this noun. For instance, before you can receive a consultation, you often need to request or schedule one. The verbs 신청하다 (to apply/request) and 예약하다 (to reserve/book) are heavily used in these contexts.

웹사이트를 통해 무료 법률 상담을 신청할 수 있습니다.

Scheduling: When calling a clinic or an office, you will often hear or use the phrase '상담 예약을 하고 싶은데요' (I would like to make an appointment for a consultation).

자세한 내용은 1층 상담실로 문의해 주시기 바랍니다.

모든 상담원이 통화 중이오니 잠시만 기다려 주십시오.

It is also vital to understand the prepositions and particles used. When discussing the topic of the consultation, the particle 에 대해(서) (about/regarding) is frequently employed. For example, '진로에 대해서 상담하다' means to consult about one's career path. Mastering these structural patterns ensures that your Korean sounds natural, professional, and precise, allowing you to navigate a wide variety of complex social and administrative situations with confidence and ease.

The word 상담 is ubiquitous in modern Korean society, permeating various aspects of daily life, professional environments, and media. Because South Korea has a highly developed service industry and a complex administrative infrastructure, the need for expert advice and consultation is a constant reality for its citizens. One of the most common places you will hear this word is in the healthcare and wellness sector. Hospitals, clinics, and specialized mental health centers frequently use this term. When a patient visits a doctor, the initial discussion about symptoms and treatment options is considered a consultation.

Medical Settings: In plastic surgery clinics, dermatology offices, and dental clinics, '상담' is a crucial step where the doctor or a specialized coordinator discusses procedures, costs, and expected outcomes with the patient.

수술을 결정하기 전에 여러 병원을 돌아다니며 상담을 받아보는 것이 좋습니다.

Another prominent environment is the educational system. From elementary schools to universities, academic advising is a structured and mandatory part of the student experience. Teachers and professors regularly schedule meetings with students to discuss their academic performance, behavioral issues, and future career trajectories.

학기 초에는 담임 선생님과의 학부모 상담이 필수적으로 진행됩니다.

The financial and legal sectors also rely heavily on this terminology. Banks, insurance companies, real estate agencies, and law firms are all businesses centered around providing expert advice. When you walk into a bank to inquire about a loan or open a new type of investment account, you are directed to a specific desk for this purpose.

Financial Services: Terms like '자산 관리 상담' (wealth management consultation) or '대출 상담' (loan consultation) are standard vocabulary in the banking industry.

은행 창구에서 전세 자금 대출에 대한 상담을 받았습니다.

Furthermore, the word is ubiquitous in customer service. Whenever you call a hotline for a telecommunications company, an internet provider, or an online shopping mall, automated voice messages will invariably mention this word.

Customer Support: Customer service centers are often called '고객 상담실' (customer consultation room/center).

제품 불량 문제로 고객 센터에 전화하여 상담원과 통화했습니다.

현재 대기 인원이 많아 상담이 지연되고 있습니다.

Finally, in popular media, such as Korean dramas and reality shows, you will frequently see scenes depicting psychological therapy, legal battles, or business negotiations, all of which heavily feature this vocabulary. Reality TV shows that focus on solving personal or family problems are literally built around the concept of public counseling, making the word a staple of modern Korean television.

When learning and using the word 상담, Korean language learners frequently encounter a few specific pitfalls. Because the concept translates to several different English words—such as counseling, consultation, and advice—learners often struggle with the nuances of when to use this specific Korean term versus other similar words. Furthermore, grammatical errors involving the accompanying verbs and particles are quite common. One of the most prevalent mistakes is confusing the verbs 하다 (to do) and 받다 (to receive). As mentioned in previous sections, this distinction is vital.

Verb Confusion: Learners often say '의사하고 상담했어요' (I counseled the doctor) when they actually mean '의사에게 상담을 받았어요' (I received a consultation from the doctor).

Incorrect: 저는 어제 변호사를 상담했습니다. (Implies you gave advice to the lawyer)

Correct: 저는 어제 변호사에게 상담을 받았습니다. (I received a consultation from the lawyer)

Another common error involves the inappropriate use of the word in highly informal or trivial situations. While it is acceptable to use it with friends for serious life problems, using it for minor, everyday decisions sounds unnatural and overly dramatic.

Contextual Mismatch: For casual advice, it is much better to use phrases like '어떻게 할까?' (What should I do?) or ask for '조언' (advice) rather than requesting a formal consultation.

Awkward: 오늘 점심 메뉴에 대해 상담하자.

Additionally, learners sometimes struggle with the particle used to indicate the topic of the consultation. Instead of using 에 대해(서) (about), they might incorrectly use the object particle 을/를 directly on the topic in a way that sounds awkward.

Particle Errors: Ensure you use the correct directional particles. Use 에게 or 한테 for the person you are consulting with (receiving from), and (와/과) 함께 if you are doing it together.

Incorrect: 선생님을 상담했어요.

Correct: 선생님과 상담했어요. (I consulted with the teacher.)

By paying close attention to these common pitfalls—specifically the directionality of the verbs (giving vs. receiving), the appropriateness of the context (serious vs. trivial), and the correct usage of grammatical particles—learners can significantly improve their accuracy and sound much more like native speakers when discussing professional or personal advice.

In the Korean language, there are several words that share overlapping meanings with 상담, primarily revolving around the concepts of advice, discussion, and consultation. However, each of these words carries its own distinct nuance, level of formality, and specific context of use. Understanding the subtle differences between these synonyms is crucial for advanced language proficiency and accurate communication. One of the most closely related words is 조언 (jo-eon), which translates directly to 'advice' or 'counsel'. While our main target word implies a structured meeting or a two-way dialogue to solve a problem, 조언 is more focused on the actual words of wisdom or the suggestion given by one person to another.

조언 (Advice): You can receive advice (조언) during a consultation (상담). Advice is the product, while consultation is the process or the meeting itself.

선배에게 진로에 대한 조언을 구했지만, 정식 상담은 아니었습니다.

Another similar term is 의논 (ui-non), which means 'discussion' or 'consultation' in the sense of talking things over to reach a decision. The key difference here is the power dynamic and the level of expertise. 의논 usually happens between equals—like family members, friends, or colleagues—who are trying to figure something out together.

의논 (Discussion): Use 의논 when deciding on a family vacation destination, but use our target word when talking to a travel agent about booking the trip.

가족들과 이사 문제를 의논한 후, 부동산 중개인과 상담했습니다.

Furthermore, the word 자문 (ja-mun) is used in highly formal, professional, or academic contexts. It translates to 'expert advice' or 'advisory'. This is typically used when a company, government body, or organization seeks the specialized knowledge of an expert committee or a consultant.

자문 (Expert Advisory): While an individual seeks a consultation, a corporation seeks an advisory (자문) for strategic decisions.

우리 회사는 법률적인 문제를 해결하기 위해 외부 로펌에 자문을 구하고, 개별 직원들은 사내 변호사와 상담을 진행합니다.

사장님과의 개별 면담 시간에 나의 업무 고충에 대해 상담할 수 있었다.

단순한 대화(대화)를 넘어, 전문가와의 깊이 있는 상담이 필요합니다.

By carefully distinguishing between these related terms—조언 (advice), 의논 (discussion), 자문 (advisory), and 면담 (face-to-face talk)—learners can select the most precise vocabulary word for any given situation, thereby demonstrating a high level of fluency and cultural awareness in their Korean communication.

How Formal Is It?

Difficulty Rating

Grammar to Know

Noun + 에게/한테 (to a person - used when receiving counseling from someone)

Noun + 에 대해(서) (about/regarding - used for the topic of counseling)

Verb + 아/어 주다 (to do for someone - used when giving counseling)

Verb + (으)ㄹ 예정이다 (plan to - used for scheduling)

Noun + (으)로 (by means of - used for phone/online counseling)

Examples by Level

여기가 상담실입니다.

This is the consultation room.

Noun + 입니다 (formal polite 'to be').

상담을 원해요.

I want a consultation.

Noun + 을/를 (object particle) + 원하다 (to want).

선생님과 상담해요.

I have a consultation with the teacher.

Noun + 과/와 (with) + 하다 (to do).

내일 상담이 있어요.

I have a consultation tomorrow.

Noun + 이/가 (subject particle) + 있다 (to have/exist).

전화로 상담해요.

I consult by phone.

Noun + (으)로 (by means of) + 하다.

상담은 무료입니다.

The consultation is free.

Noun + 은/는 (topic particle) + 무료 (free) + 입니다.

의사 선생님과 상담하세요.

Please consult with the doctor.

Verb stem + (으)세요 (polite command).

상담 시간이 언제예요?

When is the consultation time?

Question word 언제 (when) + 예요 (polite 'to be').

내일 오후에 진로 상담을 받을 거예요.

I will receive career counseling tomorrow afternoon.

Verb stem + (으)ㄹ 거예요 (future tense).

상담 예약을 하고 싶습니다.

I would like to make a consultation appointment.

Verb stem + 고 싶다 (to want to).

요즘 너무 피곤해서 건강 상담을 받았어요.

I was so tired lately, so I got a health consultation.

Verb stem + 아/어서 (because/so).

은행에 가서 대출 상담을 할 예정입니다.

I plan to go to the bank and have a loan consultation.

Verb stem + (으)ㄹ 예정이다 (to plan to).

인터넷으로도 상담을 신청할 수 있어요.

You can also apply for a consultation online.

Verb stem + (으)ㄹ 수 있다 (can/to be able to).

상담을 받으려면 먼저 전화를 해야 해요.

If you want to get a consultation, you have to call first.

Verb stem + (으)려면 (if one intends to) / 아/어야 하다 (must/have to).

친구의 고민을 듣고 상담해 주었어요.

I listened to my friend's worries and counseled them.

Verb stem + 아/어 주다 (to do something for someone).

상담 시간이 30분 정도 걸렸습니다.

The consultation took about 30 minutes.

Time + 정도 (about/approximately) + 걸리다 (to take time).

스트레스가 심해서 전문적인 심리 상담을 받아볼까 생각 중이에요.

My stress is severe, so I'm thinking about getting professional psychological counseling.

Verb stem + (으)ㄹ까 생각 중이다 (to be thinking about doing).

유학 문제에 대해서 부모님과 깊이 상담했습니다.

I consulted deeply with my parents about the issue of studying abroad.

Noun + 에 대해(서) (about/regarding).

고객 센터에 전화했지만, 상담원과 연결되지 않았어요.

I called the customer center, but I couldn't connect with an agent.

Verb stem + 지 않다 (negative form).

변호사와 법률 상담을 한 후에 계약서를 작성하기로 했습니다.

I decided to write the contract after having a legal consultation with a lawyer.

Verb stem + (으)ㄴ 후에 (after doing) / 기로 하다 (to decide to).

이 문제는 혼자 해결하기 어려우니 전문가의 상담이 필요합니다.

This problem is difficult to solve alone, so an expert's consultation is necessary.

Verb stem + (으)니(까) (since/because).

무료 노동 상담을 통해 밀린 월급을 받을 수 있었습니다.

Through free labor counseling, I was able to receive my delayed wages.

Noun + 을/를 통해(서) (through/by means of).

상담 내용은 철저하게 비밀이 보장되니 걱정하지 마세요.

The contents of the consultation are strictly kept confidential, so please do not worry.

Verb stem + 지 마세요 (please do not).

학교 폭력 피해 학생들을 위한 특별 상담 프로그램이 마련되었습니다.

A special counseling program has been prepared for students who are victims of school violence.

Noun + 을/를 위한 (for the sake of).

부동산 매매 계약을 체결하기 전에 세무사와 양도소득세 관련 상담을 진행했습니다.

Before signing the real estate sales contract, I had a consultation with a tax accountant regarding capital gains tax.

Verb stem + 기 전에 (before doing).

최근 기업들은 직원들의 정신 건강 증진을 위해 사내 심리 상담 제도를 도입하고 있습니다.

Recently, companies are introducing in-house psychological counseling systems to promote employees' mental health.

Noun + 을/를 위해(서) (in order to / for).

초기 상담에서 내담자의 정확한 요구 사항을 파악하는 것이 상담사의 가장 중요한 역할입니다.

Grasping the exact needs of the client during the initial consultation is the most important role of a counselor.

Verb stem + 는 것 (nominalization).

해당 사안은 전화 상담만으로는 해결하기 어려우니 직접 방문해 주시기 바랍니다.

This matter is difficult to resolve through phone consultation alone, so please visit in person.

Noun + (으)로는 (by means of + contrast/emphasis).

청소년 상담 센터에서는 익명성이 보장되는 온라인 게시판 상담도 함께 운영하고 있습니다.

The youth counseling center also operates an online bulletin board consultation where anonymity is guaranteed.

Verb modifier + Noun (보장되는 온라인 게시판).

지속적인 부부 상담을 통해 두 사람은 서로의 상처를 이해하고 관계를 회복할 수 있었습니다.

Through continuous couples counseling, the two were able to understand each other's wounds and restore their relationship.

Noun + 을/를 통해 (through).

창업을 준비하면서 정부에서 지원하는 무료 창업 컨설팅 및 세무 상담을 적극적으로 활용했습니다.

While preparing to start a business, I actively utilized the free startup consulting and tax counseling supported by the government.

Verb stem + (으)면서 (while doing).

상담 기록은 개인정보 보호법에 따라 엄격하게 관리되며, 본인의 동의 없이 외부로 유출되지 않습니다.

Counseling records are strictly managed according to the Personal Information Protection Act and are not leaked outside without the individual's consent.

Noun + 에 따라 (according to).

전문가와의 심층적인 금융 상담을 통해 분산 투자 전략을 수립하고 자산 관리 포트폴리오를 전면적으로 재구성했습니다.

Through an in-depth financial consultation with an expert, I established a diversified investment strategy and completely restructured my asset management portfolio.

Advanced vocabulary integration (심층적인, 전면적으로).

노사 갈등이 극단으로 치닫기 전에, 제3의 중재 기관을 통한 노무 상담을 거쳤더라면 파업이라는 최악의 사태는 면했을 것입니다.

If they had gone through labor consultation via a third-party arbitration body before the labor-management conflict reached an extreme, they would have avoided the worst-case scenario of a strike.

Verb stem + 았/었더라면 ... (았/었)을 것이다 (past hypothetical conditional).

현대 사회의 복잡다단한 인간관계 속에서 발생하는 우울증을 약물 치료에만 의존할 것이 아니라, 인지행동치료를 동반한 정기적인 심리 상담이 병행되어야 합니다.

Rather than relying solely on medication for depression arising from the complex human relationships of modern society, regular psychological counseling accompanied by cognitive behavioral therapy must be conducted in parallel.

Verb stem + (으)ㄹ 것이 아니라 (rather than doing X, one should Y).

해외 진출을 모색하는 스타트업 기업들에게 현지 법률 및 규제 환경에 대한 선제적인 법률 자문과 상담은 선택이 아닌 필수적인 생존 전략입니다.

For startup companies seeking to expand overseas, proactive legal advisory and consultation regarding the local legal and regulatory environment is not an option but an essential survival strategy.

Noun + 은/는 선택이 아닌 필수 (X is not an option but a necessity).

해당 민원 건은 단순한 전화 상담으로 종결지을 사안이 아니며, 담당 부서의 현장 실사와 책임자 면담이 수반되어야만 근본적인 해결책을 도출할 수 있습니다.

This civil complaint is not a matter to be concluded with a simple phone consultation; a fundamental solution can only be derived if accompanied by an on-site inspection by the department in charge and an interview with the person responsible.

Verb stem + 아/어야만 (only if/must do to).

정부는 위기 청소년들의 사회 안전망 구축을 위해, 지역 사회 기반의 밀착형 상담 네트워크를 대폭 확충하겠다는 방침을 발표했습니다.

The government announced a policy to significantly expand the community-based, close-contact counseling network in order to build a social safety net for at-risk youth.

Verb stem + 겠다는 방침을 발표하다 (announced a policy that they will).

내담자의 무의식적인 방어 기제를 해제하고 라포(Rapport)를 형성하는 것은, 성공적인 상담을 이끌어내기 위한 상담사의 고도의 전문적 역량에 달려 있습니다.

Dismantling the client's unconscious defense mechanisms and building rapport depends on the counselor's highly professional competence to elicit a successful consultation.

Noun + 에 달려 있다 (depends on).

유언장 작성 및 상속 재산 분할과 관련된 분쟁을 미연에 방지하고자, 자녀들을 모두 배제한 채 단독으로 변호사와 비밀 상담을 진행하셨습니다.

In order to prevent disputes related to the writing of the will and the division of inherited property in advance, he proceeded with a secret consultation with a lawyer alone, excluding all his children.

Verb stem + 고자 (in order to / with the intention of).

정신분석학적 관점에서 볼 때, 상담 과정에서 발현되는 전이와 역전이 현상은 내담자의 억압된 트라우마를 재구성하고 치유적 통찰을 제공하는 핵심적인 기제로 작용한다.

From a psychoanalytic perspective, the phenomena of transference and countertransference manifested during the counseling process act as a core mechanism that reconstructs the client's repressed trauma and provides therapeutic insight.

Academic register, complex nominalization.

기업의 인수합병(M&A)과 같은 거대 자본이 이동하는 중차대한 의사결정 과정에서, 회계법인과 법무법인의 교차 검증을 동반한 다각적인 자문 및 상담은 리스크 헷징의 알파이자 오메가라 할 수 있다.

In the crucial decision-making process where massive capital moves, such as corporate mergers and acquisitions (M&A), multifaceted advisory and consultation accompanied by cross-verification from accounting and law firms can be called the alpha and omega of risk hedging.

Idiomatic expression (알파이자 오메가), highly formal vocabulary.

현행 학교 밖 청소년 지원 법률은 상담의 접근성을 보장한다고 명시하고 있으나, 실질적인 예산 배정과 전문 인력의 처우 개선이 수반되지 않는 한 이는 공허한 선언적 규정에 불과하다.

The current law supporting out-of-school youth stipulates that it guarantees the accessibility of counseling, but unless accompanied by practical budget allocation and improvement in the treatment of professional personnel, this is nothing more than an empty declarative provision.

Verb stem + 지 않는 한 (unless), Noun + 에 불과하다 (is nothing more than).

다문화 가정의 비율이 급증하는 현 사회적 구조 속에서, 언어적 장벽을 허물고 문화적 상대성을 인정하는 이중 언어 상담 인프라의 구축은 더 이상 지체할 수 없는 시대적 당면 과제이다.

In the current social structure where the ratio of multicultural families is rapidly increasing, the establishment of a bilingual counseling infrastructure that breaks down language barriers and acknowledges cultural relativity is an urgent task of the times that can no longer be delayed.

Complex noun phrases modifying the subject.

말기 암 환자와 그 가족들이 겪는 실존적 고뇌와 예기 비애를 완화하기 위해서는, 의료적 처치와 병행하여 호스피스 완화의료 팀의 영적, 심리적 지지 상담이 제도적으로 의무화되어야 한다.

In order to alleviate the existential agony and anticipatory grief experienced by terminal cancer patients and their families, spiritual and psychological support counseling by the hospice palliative care team must be institutionally mandated in parallel with medical treatment.

Highly specialized medical/psychological vocabulary.

피의자의 인권 보호와 방어권 보장을 위해 수사 초기 단계부터 변호인과의 자유로운 접견 및 상담권이 철저하게 보장되어야 함은 형사소송법의 대원칙이다.

It is a grand principle of the Criminal Procedure Act that the right to free interview and consultation with a defense attorney must be thoroughly guaranteed from the initial stage of the investigation to protect the suspect's human rights and guarantee the right of defense.

Verb stem + 아/어야 함은 ... 대원칙이다 (That X must be done is a grand principle).

인공지능 챗봇을 활용한 비대면 초기 상담 시스템의 도입은 행정 효율성을 극대화할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나, 인간 고유의 공감 능력이 결여됨으로써 발생할 수 있는 윤리적 사각지대에 대한 심도 있는 논의가 선행되어야 한다.

The introduction of a non-face-to-face initial consultation system utilizing AI chatbots has the advantage of maximizing administrative efficiency, but an in-depth discussion on the ethical blind spots that may arise due to the lack of human empathy must precede it.

Verb stem + (으)나 (but/however), Noun + 에 대한 심도 있는 논의가 선행되어야 한다.

과거 권위주의 정권 시절, 국가 폭력 피해자들이 겪은 외상 후 스트레스 장애(PTSD)를 치유하기 위한 국가 주도의 진실 규명과 배상, 그리고 장기적인 심리 치유 상담 지원은 역사적 정의를 바로 세우는 첫걸음이다.

State-led truth-finding and compensation, along with long-term psychological healing counseling support to heal the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experienced by victims of state violence during past authoritarian regimes, is the first step in setting historical justice right.

Long, complex subject clause describing historical context.

Synonyms

협의 의논 자문 컨설팅

Antonyms

독단

Common Collocations

상담을 받다

상담을 하다

상담을 신청하다

상담을 예약하다

심리 상담

진로 상담

법률 상담

전화 상담

방문 상담

상담실

Common Phrases

상담을 받고 싶습니다.

상담 예약을 부탁드립니다.

상담원과 연결해 주세요.

진로에 대해 상담하다.

무료 상담을 제공하다.

상담 시간이 어떻게 되나요?

전문가와 상담하세요.

상담 일정을 잡다.

비밀 상담을 보장하다.

상담을 통해 문제를 해결하다.

Often Confused With

상담 vs 조언 (advice - the actual words given, not the meeting)

상담 vs 의논 (discussion - usually between equals)

상담 vs 면담 (interview/face-to-face talk - often used in corporate/school evaluations)

Idioms & Expressions

"상담의 문을 두드리다"

"고민 상담소"

"상담 창구"

"맞춤형 상담"

"일대일 상담"

"심층 상담"

"상담 일지"

"상담 기록"

"상담 사례"

"상담 기법"

Easily Confused

상담 vs

Sentence Patterns

How to Use It

note

While '상담' is the standard word for professional consultation, using it for trivial matters (like what to eat for dinner) sounds unnatural. Reserve it for situations requiring actual advice or problem-solving.

Common Mistakes

Using '상담하다' instead of '상담을 받다' when you are the patient/client.
Using '상담' for trivial, everyday choices instead of serious matters.
Using the object particle (을/를) for the person you are consulting with, instead of (와/과) or (에게).
Confusing '상담' (the meeting/process) with '조언' (the actual advice given).
Forgetting to use formal language (존댓말) during a professional consultation.

Tips

Mastering the Verbs

Always double-check if you are the giver or receiver. Use '상담을 받다' when you are getting advice. Use '상담을 하다' when you are giving it. This is the number one mistake learners make. Getting it right instantly makes you sound more fluent.

Compound Words

Learn the common prefixes. '심리' (psychology) + 상담 = psychological counseling. '법률' (law) + 상담 = legal consultation. '진로' (career) + 상담 = career counseling. Knowing these combinations expands your vocabulary exponentially.

Customer Service

When calling a Korean company, listen for the word '상담원' (agent). Pressing the number associated with this word will get you to a human. It's a survival skill for living in Korea. The phrase '상담원 연결' is your best friend.

Making Appointments

Memorize the phrase '상담 예약을 하고 싶은데요'. It is the perfect, polite way to start a phone call with a clinic, bank, or school office. It sets the right tone and clearly states your purpose.

Serious Tone

Remember that this word carries a tone of seriousness. Don't use it for asking what color shirt to buy. Use it for life decisions, legal issues, health problems, or deep emotional distress. Using it correctly shows cultural competence.

Using 'With'

When you want to say you consulted 'with' someone, use the particle 와/과. For example, '의사와 상담하다' (consult with a doctor). Do not use the object particle 을/를 for the person you are talking to.

Automated Menus

Train your ear to catch '상담' in fast, automated Korean speech. It is often spoken quickly in phrases like '빠른 상담을 위해...' (For a quick consultation...). Recognizing it will save you time on the phone.

Formal Emails

When writing an email to a professor or professional, use '상담을 부탁드립니다' (I request a consultation). It is highly polite and shows respect for their time. Avoid demanding language.

Location Words

Learn '상담실' (consultation room). You will see this sign in every school, hospital, and large corporate office in Korea. Knowing it helps you navigate buildings easily.

Free Services

Look out for '무료 상담' (free consultation). Many government offices, legal clinics, and consumer protection agencies offer this. It's a great resource if you ever run into trouble in Korea.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine singing (SANG) a song about your problems while a dam (DAM) holds back your tears during a COUNSELING session.

Word Origin

Cultural Context

Implies respect for the expert's knowledge. Asking for a '상담' shows you value their professional opinion.

Formal/Neutral. The word itself is neutral, but the context usually requires formal language (존댓말) because you are speaking to a professional.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Conversation Starters

"요즘 스트레스가 많은데, 심리 상담을 받아보는 게 어떨까요?"

"진로 문제로 고민이 많은데, 누구와 상담하는 것이 좋을까요?"

"은행에서 대출 상담을 받아본 적이 있나요?"

"고객 센터 상담원과 통화하기가 왜 이렇게 힘들까요?"

"학교 다닐 때 선생님과 진로 상담을 자주 했나요?"

Journal Prompts

Describe a time when you received a helpful consultation or advice.

Write about the importance of psychological counseling in modern society.

If you could get a free consultation from any expert, who would it be and why?

Explain the process of making a consultation appointment in your country.

Write a dialogue between a student and a teacher during an academic counseling session.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Yes, but it implies a serious conversation. If a friend is going through a breakup or a career crisis, you can say '연애 상담' (relationship counseling) or '고민 상담' (worry counseling). However, for small things like picking a movie, it sounds too formal. Use it when real advice is needed. It shows you are taking their problem seriously. For minor things, just ask '어떻게 할까?' (What should we do?).

상담 refers to the entire process or the meeting itself, like a 'consultation' or 'counseling session'. 조언 refers to the actual 'advice' or 'tips' given during that meeting. You go to a 상담 to get 조언. For example, you can say '상담을 받다' (receive a consultation) and '조언을 듣다' (listen to advice). They are related but distinct concepts.

The most common term is 상담원 (sang-dam-won). This literally means 'consultation staff member'. You will hear this word constantly when you call any hotline in Korea. The automated voice will usually say '상담원 연결을 원하시면...' (If you want to connect to an agent...). Another term is 고객 센터 직원, but 상담원 is more specific to the person answering the phone.

It depends on your role. If you are the client, patient, or student seeking help, you must use 받다 (to receive). For example, '의사에게 상담을 받다' (receive a consultation from a doctor). If you are the professional, the counselor, or the friend giving the advice, you use 하다 (to do) or 해 주다 (to do for someone). Mixing these up completely changes the meaning.

진로 (jin-ro) means 'career path' or 'future course'. Therefore, 진로 상담 translates to 'career counseling' or 'academic advising'. It is a massive part of the Korean education system. High school students have frequent 진로 상담 with their homeroom teachers to discuss which university to apply to. It is a very common and important phrase.

Historically, there was a stigma attached to seeking mental health help in Korea. However, this has changed dramatically in recent years. 심리 상담 (psychological counseling) is now widely accepted and encouraged. Many companies even offer free counseling services to their employees to help manage stress. The younger generation is very open to receiving this type of help.

The most natural and polite way to ask is '상담 예약을 하고 싶은데요' (I would like to make a consultation appointment). You can also say '상담을 받고 싶습니다' (I want to receive a consultation). If you are calling a clinic or an office, they will understand immediately. Be prepared to state what kind of consultation you need.

The best particle to use is 에 대해(서), which means 'about' or 'regarding'. For example, '유학에 대해서 상담하다' means 'to consult about studying abroad'. While you can sometimes use the object particle 을/를 (e.g., 유학을 상담하다), using 에 대해서 sounds much more natural and clearly separates the topic from the action.

No, 상담 is strictly a noun. To use it as an action, you must attach a verb to it, most commonly 하다 (to do) or 받다 (to receive). In Korean, many Sino-Korean nouns work this way. So you cannot say '나는 그를 상담', you must say '나는 그와 상담했다' (I consulted with him).

The suffix 소 (so) means 'place' or 'center'. Therefore, a 상담소 is a 'counseling center' or 'consultation office'. You will see this word on signs for psychological clinics, legal aid offices, and family planning centers. For example, '가정 폭력 상담소' is a domestic violence counseling center. It denotes a physical location dedicated to this service.

Test Yourself 200 questions

writing

Translate: 'I want to receive a consultation.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

상담 (consultation) + 을 (object particle) + 받다 (receive) + 고 싶습니다 (want to).