침해하다 in 30 Seconds
- To violate or infringe upon rights, privacy, or territory.
- An act of unauthorized intrusion or violation of boundaries.
- Often used in legal or formal contexts for breaking laws or rights.
- Can also describe personal boundary violations or invasions.
- Core Meaning
- The Korean verb '침해하다' (chimhaehada) translates to 'to infringe upon,' 'to violate,' or 'to encroach upon.' It signifies an act of crossing a boundary or disregarding someone's rights, privacy, territory, or intellectual property. It carries a strong sense of wrongdoing or illegality.
- Contexts of Use
- This word is frequently used in legal and formal contexts, discussing issues like copyright infringement, border violations, privacy breaches, and the violation of personal space or rights. It can also be used in less formal situations to describe someone overstepping boundaries in a relationship or intruding on someone's personal time. The key is that something belonging to someone else, whether tangible or intangible, is being unlawfully or improperly entered or used.
- Nuance of Violation
- '침해하다' implies a deliberate or negligent act that causes harm or loss by violating established norms, laws, or personal boundaries. It's not just about being present in a space; it's about doing so in a way that is unauthorized and detrimental to the rights or well-being of another. For instance, a company illegally using another's patented technology is '특허권을 침해하다' (to infringe upon patent rights).
- Examples in Scenarios
- Imagine a news report about a country crossing another's airspace; this would be described as '영공을 침해하다' (to violate airspace). In a personal context, if someone constantly texts you late at night without your permission, you might feel they are '사생활을 침해하다' (to invade your privacy). The word is versatile, covering a wide spectrum from serious legal breaches to more personal boundary crossings.
The company was accused of copyright infringement, which is a serious legal issue that can lead to significant penalties. This act of using someone else's creative work without permission is known as '저작권을 침해하다' (to infringe copyright).
When a website collects user data without proper consent, it can be seen as a violation of privacy. This type of action is often described as '개인정보를 침해하다' (to violate personal information).
Entering someone's home without their permission is a clear violation of their personal space and property rights. This act is considered trespassing and can be referred to as '사유지를 침해하다' (to encroach upon private property).
- Legal and Formal Contexts
- In legal documents, news reports about international relations, or discussions about intellectual property, '침해하다' is used to describe violations of laws, treaties, or rights. For example, '그 회사는 다른 회사의 특허권을 무단으로 침해했습니다.' (That company illegally infringed upon the patent rights of another company.) This sentence clearly indicates a legal transgression. Another example: '국경을 침범하는 행위는 국제법상 용납될 수 없습니다.' (Acts that encroach upon national borders are unacceptable under international law.) Here, '침범하다' is used, which is very similar in meaning and often interchangeable with '침해하다' in border contexts, highlighting the territorial violation.
- Privacy and Personal Boundaries
- When discussing personal matters, '침해하다' can refer to violations of privacy, personal space, or reputation. '악의적인 소문은 그의 명예를 침해할 수 있습니다.' (Malicious rumors can harm his reputation.) This sentence shows how '침해하다' can be used for intangible harms. In a more direct sense: '허락 없이 남의 집을 방문하는 것은 사생활 침해입니다.' (Visiting someone's house without permission is a violation of privacy.) The noun form '사생활 침해' (privacy violation) is very common. '저는 제 개인적인 시간을 누군가 방해하는 것을 원치 않아요. 제 시간을 침해하지 말아 주세요.' (I don't want anyone to interrupt my personal time. Please don't infringe upon my time.) This demonstrates a more personal plea against boundary crossing.
- Digital and Online Contexts
- In the digital age, '침해하다' is frequently used to describe cybercrimes and online violations. '해커들은 개인 정보 데이터베이스를 침해하여 민감한 정보를 훔쳤습니다.' (Hackers breached the personal information database and stole sensitive data.) This highlights the digital intrusion. '저작권이 있는 음악을 불법으로 다운로드하는 것은 저작권을 침해하는 행위입니다.' (Illegally downloading copyrighted music is an act that infringes copyright.) This is a common concern in the online world. '온라인 게임에서 상대방의 계정을 해킹하는 것은 불법이며, 이는 명백한 침해 행위입니다.' (Hacking an opponent's account in an online game is illegal and a clear act of infringement.)
- Figurative and Extended Meanings
- While '침해하다' often refers to literal violations, it can also be used figuratively to describe actions that are intrusive or disrespectful in a broader sense. '그의 끊임없는 질문은 대화를 침해하는 것처럼 느껴졌습니다.' (His constant questions felt like they were intruding on the conversation.) This uses the word to describe an annoying, disruptive behavior. '이른 아침의 소음은 나의 평화를 침해했습니다.' (The early morning noise disturbed my peace.) Here, '침해하다' is used to express how something external negatively impacts one's state of being. '개인의 자유로운 의사결정을 강요하는 것은 민주주의의 원칙을 침해하는 것입니다.' (Forcing individual free decision-making violates the principles of democracy.) This shows a broader societal or philosophical violation.
The government implemented new regulations to prevent companies from infringing on consumer data privacy.
Unauthorized access to sensitive computer systems is considered a serious cybercrime that infringes on national security.
He felt that his personal space was being infringed upon when his neighbors constantly played loud music late at night.
- News and Legal Broadcasts
- You will frequently encounter '침해하다' in news reports discussing legal cases, international disputes, or violations of law. For instance, a report about a company being sued for patent infringement would use this term. News anchors and legal analysts often use it when explaining the specifics of a case, such as '이 회사는 경쟁사의 기술을 무단으로 침해했다는 혐의를 받고 있습니다.' (This company is accused of unauthorized infringement of a competitor's technology.) Similarly, discussions about border security or territorial disputes will often involve this word to describe violations. International relations experts might say, '이러한 행동은 주권을 침해하는 것으로 간주될 수 있습니다.' (Such actions can be considered an infringement of sovereignty.)
- Courtroom Dramas and Legal Thrillers
- In Korean dramas, movies, and literature that involve legal proceedings or criminal activity, '침해하다' is a common verb. Lawyers might use it during arguments to describe how the defendant's actions violated the plaintiff's rights. For example, a lawyer might state, '피고는 원고의 명예를 심각하게 침해했습니다.' (The defendant seriously infringed upon the plaintiff's reputation.) This adds a layer of legal seriousness to the narrative. You might also hear it in crime shows when describing how a criminal's actions violated laws or personal safety.
- Discussions about Technology and Privacy
- With the rise of the internet and digital technologies, '침해하다' is increasingly used in conversations about cybersecurity, data privacy, and intellectual property online. Blog posts, tech reviews, and online forums discussing data breaches or software piracy will often use this word. For example, an article might read, '개인 정보 유출은 사용자의 사생활을 침해하는 심각한 문제입니다.' (Personal information leaks are a serious problem that infringes on user privacy.) Discussions about illegal downloading or sharing of copyrighted material will also frequently use '저작권을 침해하다' (to infringe copyright).
- Everyday Conversations about Boundaries
- While more formal, '침해하다' can also appear in everyday conversations when people are discussing personal boundaries, though perhaps less frequently than in formal settings. Someone might complain, '그 사람의 지나친 관심은 내 사생활을 침해하는 것 같아.' (That person's excessive attention feels like it's infringing on my privacy.) Or, when talking about personal space, '제 허락 없이 제 물건을 만지지 마세요. 제 공간을 침해하는 거예요.' (Don't touch my things without my permission. You're infringing on my space.) This shows its application in more personal, albeit still serious, boundary violations.
A news segment discussing a new cybercrime law might feature a sentence like: '이 법은 개인 정보 보호를 강화하고 사이버 공간에서의 권리 침해를 방지하는 것을 목표로 합니다.' (This law aims to strengthen personal information protection and prevent the infringement of rights in cyberspace.)
In a documentary about historical border disputes, you might hear: '이 지역은 과거 여러 차례 다른 나라에 의해 영토가 침해당했습니다.' (This region was territorial invaded by other countries multiple times in the past.)
A tech journalist reviewing a new security software might write: '이 소프트웨어는 사용자의 데이터를 외부 위협으로부터 보호하여 사생활 침해를 막아줍니다.' (This software protects user data from external threats, preventing privacy infringements.)
- Confusing with Similar Verbs
- Learners might confuse '침해하다' with verbs that also imply intrusion but with different nuances. For example, '침입하다' (chimip-hada) means 'to break into' or 'to invade,' often implying a physical entry into a place without permission, like breaking into a house. While both involve unauthorized entry, '침입하다' is more about the act of physically entering, whereas '침해하다' is about violating rights or boundaries, which can be physical or non-physical. Using '침입하다' when referring to copyright infringement would be incorrect.
- Incorrect Object of Violation
- Another common mistake is using '침해하다' with objects that don't typically get 'violated' in this sense. For example, saying someone '시간을 침해하다' (to infringe time) might be understood, but it's more natural to say they '방해하다' (to disturb) or '빼앗다' (to steal) time. The core of '침해하다' is the violation of established rights, laws, or boundaries. While '시간' can be encroached upon, it's not its primary conceptual object for this verb. It's better to use '침해하다' with concepts like 'rights,' 'privacy,' 'territory,' 'copyright,' etc.
- Overuse in Casual Situations
- '침해하다' carries a strong, often legal or formal, connotation. Using it in very casual situations where a milder word would suffice can sound overly dramatic or serious. For instance, if a friend borrows your pen without asking, you might say they '빌려갔다' (borrowed) or '가져갔다' (took), rather than '내 펜을 침해했다' (infringed upon my pen). While technically a minor intrusion, '침해하다' is usually reserved for more significant violations of rights or boundaries.
- Confusing with '침범하다'
- '침범하다' (chimbeom-hada) is very similar and often used interchangeably with '침해하다,' especially in contexts of territorial violations or invasions. However, '침범하다' can sometimes imply a more forceful or aggressive physical trespass, like invading a country or trespassing on private land. '침해하다' is broader and can encompass non-physical violations like copyright or privacy. While often overlapping, in very specific contexts, one might be slightly more appropriate. For example, '영토를 침범하다' (to invade territory) is common, and '영토를 침해하다' (to violate territory) is also used. However, for abstract concepts like 'privacy,' '침해하다' is almost always the correct choice, whereas '침범하다' would be unusual.
Incorrect: '그는 내 개인적인 공간을 침입했다.' (He broke into my personal space.) Correct: '그는 내 개인적인 공간을 침해했다.' (He infringed upon my personal space.) or '그는 내 개인적인 공간으로 들어왔다.' (He entered my personal space.)
Incorrect: '이 소프트웨어는 당신의 컴퓨터를 침해합니다.' (This software infringes your computer.) Correct: '이 소프트웨어는 당신의 컴퓨터를 손상시킬 수 있습니다.' (This software can damage your computer.) or '이 소프트웨어는 당신의 컴퓨터 시스템에 침입할 수 있습니다.' (This software can break into your computer system.)
Incorrect: '그는 내 모든 것을 침해했다.' (He infringed upon my everything.) Correct: '그는 내 모든 것을 빼앗았다.' (He took away everything from me.) or '그는 내 모든 것을 망쳐 놓았다.' (He ruined everything for me.)
- 침해하다 (chimhaehada) vs. 침입하다 (chimip-hada)
- 침해하다: To infringe upon, violate, or encroach on rights, privacy, territory, or intellectual property. It's about violating a boundary or right, which can be physical or non-physical.
침입하다: To break into, invade, or trespass. This verb strongly implies a physical entry into a place without permission, such as a building or a secured area. It focuses on the act of unauthorized physical entry.
Example Comparison:
침해하다: '해커는 개인 정보 데이터베이스를 침해했습니다.' (The hacker infringed upon the personal information database.) - Focus on violation of privacy/data rights.
침입하다: '도둑이 집에 침입했습니다.' (The thief broke into the house.) - Focus on physical entry into a dwelling. - 침해하다 (chimhaehada) vs. 침범하다 (chimbeom-hada)
- 침해하다: Broadly means to violate or infringe. It's very versatile and applies to rights, privacy, intellectual property, etc.
침범하다: To trespass, invade, or encroach. This verb is often used for physical incursions, especially into territory or land. It can sometimes imply a more forceful or aggressive action.
Example Comparison:
침해하다: '그의 발언은 나의 명예를 침해했다.' (His remarks infringed upon my reputation.) - Non-physical violation.
침범하다: '군대가 국경을 침범했습니다.' (The army invaded the border.) - Physical territorial incursion. While '침해하다' can also be used for territory, '침범하다' often emphasizes the act of crossing the boundary physically. - 침해하다 (chimhaehada) vs. 방해하다 (banghaehada)
- 침해하다: To violate or infringe upon a right, privacy, or territory. It's about crossing a boundary that causes harm or is illegal.
방해하다: To disturb, hinder, or obstruct. This verb is used when someone or something interferes with an activity, progress, or peace. It's about causing an interruption or inconvenience.
Example Comparison:
침해하다: '그는 내 사생활을 침해했다.' (He violated my privacy.) - Violation of a fundamental right.
방해하다: '그는 내 공부를 방해했다.' (He disturbed my studying.) - Interruption of an activity. - 침해하다 (chimhaehada) vs. 위반하다 (wiban-hada)
- 침해하다: To infringe upon or violate rights, privacy, or territory. It often implies a transgression against established norms or laws.
위반하다: To violate or break a rule, law, or regulation. This verb is specifically used for breaking rules, laws, or agreements.
Example Comparison:
침해하다: '그 회사는 저작권을 침해했습니다.' (That company infringed copyright.) - Focus on the infringement of a specific right.
위반하다: '그는 신호 위반으로 벌금을 물었다.' (He was fined for violating a traffic signal.) - Breaking a traffic law.
While both '침해하다' and '침입하다' involve unauthorized entry, '침해하다' is about violating rights or boundaries (which can be abstract), whereas '침입하다' is about physical entry into a space.
'침해하다' is more general for violations of rights or privacy, while '침범하다' is often used for physical incursions like territorial invasions.
If someone interrupts your work, you'd say they '방해하다'. If they steal your work, they '침해하다' (copyright) or '위반하다' (laws).
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The Hanja character 侵 (chim) itself can be broken down into components that suggest 'walking slowly' (步) and 'a small room' or 'enclosure' (i), perhaps implying a stealthy or gradual entry into a confined space, which aligns with the idea of encroachment.
Pronunciation Guide
- Mispronouncing the initial 'ㅊ' (ch) sound, either not aspirating it enough or making it too harsh.
- Confusing the 'ㅐ' (ae) sound with 'ㅔ' (e).
- Not clearly articulating the '-hada' verb ending.
- Incorrectly stressing syllables other than the first.
Difficulty Rating
This word is common in news, legal texts, and formal discussions. Understanding its nuances requires familiarity with contexts involving rights, privacy, and territory.
Using '침해하다' correctly in writing requires careful attention to the object of infringement and the appropriate register. Overuse or misuse can sound overly legalistic or dramatic.
While understandable in many contexts, native speakers use it precisely. Learners might overuse it in casual settings or confuse it with similar verbs.
Recognizing '침해하다' is important for understanding news, legal discussions, and formal presentations. Its meaning is usually clear from context.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Object-Verb structure
The subject performs an action (verb) on an object. For '침해하다', the object is what is being violated or infringed upon. Example: '그는 내 시간을 침해했다.' (He infringed upon my time.)
Use of Particles (를/을)
The direct object of the verb '침해하다' is marked with the object particle '를' (after a vowel) or '을' (after a consonant). Example: '회사는 노동자의 권리를 침해했다.' (The company infringed the workers' rights.)
Passive Voice (-당하다)
When someone or something is the recipient of the infringement, the passive form '-당하다' is used. Example: '그의 명예가 침해당했다.' (His reputation was infringed.)
Nominalization (-ㅁ/음)
The verb stem can be nominalized to turn it into a noun phrase, often used in formal contexts. Example: '저작권 침해는 불법이다.' (Copyright infringement is illegal.)
Compound Nouns
'침해' (infringement) is often combined with other nouns to create specific terms like '사생활 침해' (privacy violation) or '권리 침해' (infringement of rights).
Examples by Level
나의 개인 공간을 침해하지 마세요.
Don't invade my personal space.
'개인 공간' (personal space) is the object being infringed upon.
허락 없이 사진을 찍는 것은 사생활 침해입니다.
Taking photos without permission is a violation of privacy.
'사생활 침해' (privacy violation) is a common noun phrase derived from the verb.
그는 규칙을 침해하지 않으려고 노력했습니다.
He tried not to violate the rules.
While '위반하다' is more common for rules, '침해하다' can be used to imply a broader violation of principles.
우리의 땅을 침해하지 마세요!
Don't encroach upon our land!
'땅' (land) is a common object for territorial infringement.
너무 큰 소음은 평화를 침해합니다.
Too much noise infringes upon peace.
'평화' (peace) is an abstract concept that can be infringed upon.
이것은 저작권을 침해하는 것입니다.
This is infringing copyright.
'저작권' (copyright) is a frequent object of infringement.
다른 사람의 생각을 함부로 침해하지 마세요.
Don't arbitrarily infringe upon other people's thoughts.
'생각' (thoughts) is used metaphorically here.
저는 제 시간에 누구도 침해하는 것을 원하지 않습니다.
I don't want anyone to infringe upon my time.
'시간' (time) is another example of an abstract concept that can be encroached upon.
회사는 특허권을 침해했다는 혐의로 고소당했습니다.
The company was sued for infringing patent rights.
'특허권' (patent rights) is a common legal object of infringement.
악성코드는 사용자의 개인 정보를 침해할 수 있습니다.
Malware can infringe upon users' personal information.
'개인 정보' (personal information) is a key target for cyber infringement.
그의 발언은 매우 무례했고, 나의 감정을 침해했습니다.
His remarks were very rude and infringed upon my feelings.
'감정' (feelings) can be metaphorically infringed upon by rude comments.
언론의 자유는 민주주의를 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
Freedom of the press should not infringe upon democracy.
'민주주의' (democracy) is a principle that can be violated.
허가 없이 타인의 사유지에 들어가는 것은 명백한 침해입니다.
Entering another person's private property without permission is a clear infringement.
'사유지' (private property) is a common object for territorial infringement.
그녀는 다른 사람의 대화에 끼어들어 대화를 침해했습니다.
She interrupted other people's conversation, infringing upon it.
'대화' (conversation) can be infringed upon by interruptions.
이러한 행동은 국제 조약을 침해하는 것으로 간주됩니다.
These actions are considered an infringement of international treaties.
'국제 조약' (international treaties) are formal agreements that can be violated.
그의 끊임없는 비판은 나의 창의성을 침해하는 것 같았다.
His constant criticism felt like it was infringing upon my creativity.
'창의성' (creativity) is an abstract personal quality that can be stifled.
The company was accused of infringing on intellectual property rights.
그 회사는 지적 재산권을 침해했다는 비난을 받았습니다.
'intellectual property rights' is a common object of infringement.
Unauthorized access to the server could infringe on national security.
서버에 대한 무단 접근은 국가 안보를 침해할 수 있습니다.
'national security' is a critical area where infringement is a major concern.
He felt that his privacy was being infringed upon by constant surveillance.
그는 끊임없는 감시로 인해 자신의 사생활이 침해당하고 있다고 느꼈습니다.
'privacy' is a very common object for infringement.
This action could infringe on the rights of minority groups.
이러한 조치는 소수 집단의 권리를 침해할 수 있습니다.
'rights of minority groups' highlights a specific area of rights infringement.
The artist's work was criticized for infringing on traditional values.
그 예술가의 작품은 전통적인 가치를 침해한다는 비판을 받았습니다.
'traditional values' are often the subject of debate and potential infringement.
They are taking legal action against the company for infringing their copyright.
그들은 저작권을 침해한 것에 대해 회사에 법적 조치를 취하고 있습니다.
'copyright' is a very frequent object of infringement, especially in creative fields.
The aggressive expansion infringed on the local community's way of life.
그 공격적인 확장은 지역 사회의 삶의 방식을 침해했습니다.
'way of life' is an abstract concept that can be negatively impacted.
Be careful not to infringe on the speaker's time during the Q&A session.
질의응답 시간에 연설자의 시간을 침해하지 않도록 주의하세요.
'speaker's time' is an example of how time can be encroached upon, though 'disturb' might be more common in casual contexts.
The treaty explicitly prohibits any act that would infringe upon the sovereignty of member states.
그 조약은 회원국의 주권을 침해하는 어떠한 행위도 명시적으로 금지하고 있습니다.
'sovereignty' is a key concept in international law and treaties.
The unauthorized distribution of the film was a clear infringement of copyright laws.
그 영화의 무단 배포는 명백한 저작권법 위반이었습니다.
'copyright laws' is a specific legal framework for infringement.
Concerns were raised about potential infringements on citizens' fundamental rights by the new surveillance technology.
새로운 감시 기술로 인해 시민의 기본권이 침해될 수 있다는 우려가 제기되었습니다.
'fundamental rights' are paramount and their infringement is a serious concern.
His controversial statements were seen as infringing upon the dignity of the profession.
그의 논란이 되는 발언은 직업의 존엄성을 침해하는 것으로 여겨졌습니다.
'dignity of the profession' is an abstract concept that can be violated.
The company's aggressive marketing tactics were accused of infringing upon consumer privacy.
그 회사의 공격적인 마케팅 전략은 소비자 사생활을 침해했다는 비난을 받았습니다.
'consumer privacy' is a specific type of privacy that can be infringed upon.
The historical site was protected to prevent its cultural heritage from being infringed upon by modern development.
그 역사 유적지는 현대 개발에 의해 문화 유산이 침해되는 것을 막기 위해 보호되었습니다.
'cultural heritage' is a valuable asset that needs protection from encroachment.
The judge ruled that the defendant's actions had infringed upon the plaintiff's right to a fair trial.
판사는 피고의 행위가 원고의 공정한 재판을 받을 권리를 침해했다고 판결했습니다.
'right to a fair trial' is a fundamental legal right.
The sheer volume of data collected could potentially infringe upon the privacy expectations of individuals.
수집된 데이터의 방대한 양은 개인의 사생활 기대치를 침해할 잠재력이 있습니다.
'privacy expectations' is a nuanced aspect of privacy that can be infringed upon.
The proliferation of deepfake technology presents a significant challenge to the integrity of public discourse, potentially infringing upon the very notion of objective truth.
딥페이크 기술의 확산은 공적 담론의 진실성에 중대한 도전 과제를 제시하며, 객관적 진실이라는 개념 자체를 침해할 잠재력을 지니고 있습니다.
'objective truth' is a philosophical concept that can be undermined.
The court's decision underscored the paramount importance of protecting individual autonomy from any form of unwarranted governmental or corporate intrusion that might infringe upon personal liberties.
법원의 결정은 개인의 자율성을 원치 않는 정부 또는 기업의 침해로부터 보호하는 것이 개인의 자유를 침해할 수 있기에 가장 중요함을 강조했습니다.
'personal liberties' are fundamental freedoms that must be protected.
The historical precedent suggests that unchecked expansionism invariably leads to the infringement of established territorial boundaries and the subsequent destabilization of regional peace.
역사적 선례는 통제되지 않은 팽창주의가 필연적으로 확립된 영토 경계의 침해로 이어지고, 그 결과 지역 평화의 불안정을 초래한다는 것을 시사합니다.
'territorial boundaries' are concrete lines that can be violated.
In the digital realm, the constant stream of personalized advertising, while ostensibly beneficial, can subtly infringe upon an individual's cognitive space and capacity for independent thought.
디지털 영역에서 개인화된 광고의 끊임없는 흐름은 겉보기에는 유익하지만, 개인의 인지 공간과 독립적인 사고 능력을 미묘하게 침해할 수 있습니다.
'cognitive space' and 'independent thought' are abstract mental faculties.
The ethical implications of bioengineering technologies are profound, raising concerns about potential infringements upon the natural order and the very definition of life.
생명공학 기술의 윤리적 함의는 심오하며, 자연 질서와 생명의 정의 자체를 침해할 가능성에 대한 우려를 제기합니다.
'natural order' and 'definition of life' are fundamental concepts that could be altered.
The pervasive influence of social media platforms, while facilitating connection, also risks infringing upon the nuanced development of interpersonal communication skills.
소셜 미디어 플랫폼의 만연한 영향력은 연결을 촉진하는 동시에 대인 관계 의사소통 기술의 미묘한 발달을 침해할 위험이 있습니다.
'interpersonal communication skills' are vital for human interaction.
The deliberate dissemination of misinformation campaigns constitutes a direct infringement upon the public's right to access accurate and unbiased information.
오해를 퍼뜨리는 정보 캠페인의 의도적인 확산은 대중이 정확하고 편향되지 않은 정보에 접근할 권리를 직접적으로 침해하는 것입니다.
'right to access accurate and unbiased information' is a crucial democratic principle.
The exploitation of natural resources without adequate environmental stewardship can be seen as an infringement upon the rights of future generations to a healthy planet.
적절한 환경 관리를 동반하지 않은 천연자원의 착취는 미래 세대가 건강한 행성을 누릴 권리를 침해하는 행위로 간주될 수 있습니다.
'rights of future generations' emphasizes intergenerational equity.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— This is the noun form, meaning 'privacy violation' or 'invasion of privacy'. It's a very common phrase.
카메라 설치는 사생활 침해가 될 수 있다. (Installing cameras can be a privacy violation.)
— This refers to 'copyright infringement,' a common legal issue regarding the unauthorized use of creative works.
불법 다운로드는 저작권 침해입니다. (Illegal downloading is copyright infringement.)
— 'Infringement of rights' is a general term used in legal and formal contexts.
그의 행동은 명백한 권리 침해였다. (His actions were a clear infringement of rights.)
— 'Territorial infringement' or 'encroachment' is used when borders or land are violated.
이웃 나라의 영토 침해에 대한 항의가 있었다. (There was a protest against the neighboring country's territorial infringement.)
— 'Personal information infringement' or 'data breach' is a critical issue in the digital age.
개인 정보 침해 사고가 발생했습니다. (A personal information infringement incident has occurred.)
— 'Defamation' or 'infringement of reputation' refers to actions that harm someone's good name.
허위 사실 유포는 명예 침해가 될 수 있다. (Spreading false information can be defamation.)
— 'Infringement of sovereignty' is a serious political and international law term.
외국의 군사 개입은 주권 침해로 간주된다. (Foreign military intervention is considered an infringement of sovereignty.)
— 'Disturbance of peace' or 'infringement of peace' is used when tranquility is disrupted.
갑작스러운 폭발음이 평화 침해였다. (The sudden explosion was a disturbance of peace.)
— 'Breach of trust' or 'infringement of trust' occurs when someone's trust is broken.
그의 배신은 신뢰 침해였다. (His betrayal was a breach of trust.)
— 'Infringement of freedom' or 'violation of liberty' is a serious concern in human rights discussions.
과도한 검열은 표현의 자유 침해이다. (Excessive censorship is an infringement of freedom of expression.)
Often Confused With
'침입하다' specifically refers to physical breaking into a place, like a house. '침해하다' is broader and can apply to non-physical violations like rights or privacy.
'침범하다' often implies territorial invasion or forceful encroachment. While similar to '침해하다', '침해하다' is more general and can cover abstract violations.
'방해하다' means to disturb or hinder an activity, which is less severe than violating someone's fundamental rights or privacy.
Idioms & Expressions
— Literally 'to cross the line.' This idiom means to go too far, to behave in a way that is unacceptable or crosses a boundary, similar to '침해하다' in a more figurative sense.
그의 농담은 너무 심해서 선을 넘었어. (His joke was too much and crossed the line.)
Informal— Literally 'to set foot in.' While it can mean simply entering a place, it can also imply intruding or interfering in someone's affairs, akin to '침해하다' in a personal context.
남의 가정사에 함부로 발을 들여놓지 마세요. (Don't meddle in other people's family affairs.)
Neutral— Literally 'to fall out of someone's sight.' This idiom means to be out of favor or to displease someone, often as a result of actions that might be seen as infringing on their good opinion.
그는 사장님의 눈 밖에 났다. (He fell out of favor with the president.)
Informal— Literally 'to climb over a wall.' This idiom can mean to overstep boundaries or to infringe upon something, especially in a more physical or territorial sense.
그는 몰래 남의 집에 담을 넘었다. (He secretly climbed over the wall into someone's house.)
Informal— Literally 'to walk on a thorny path.' This idiom describes facing many difficulties or hardships, often implying that these hardships are imposed or infringe upon one's peace or progress.
그녀의 인생은 가시밭길이었다. (Her life was a thorny path.)
Figurative— Literally 'to build an iron wall.' This idiom means to create a strong barrier, either physically or emotionally, to prevent intrusion or infringement.
그녀는 모든 사람에게 철벽을 쳤다. (She put up an iron wall against everyone.)
Figurative— Literally 'to draw a line.' This idiom means to set clear boundaries or to draw a distinction between things, often to prevent infringement or intrusion.
나는 그 문제에 대해 명확히 선을 그었다. (I drew a clear line regarding that issue.)
Neutral— Literally 'to stretch out one's leg.' This idiom can mean to extend one's influence or reach, which in some contexts could imply encroaching or infringing upon others' areas.
그 회사는 해외 시장으로 발을 뻗고 있다. (That company is extending its reach into overseas markets.)
Neutral— Literally 'to frown.' This idiom means to express disapproval or displeasure, often in response to actions that are perceived as intrusive or infringing upon one's comfort or expectations.
그의 무례한 태도에 모두 눈살을 찌푸렸다. (Everyone frowned at his rude attitude.)
Neutral— Literally 'to break someone's nose bridge.' This idiom means to humble someone who is arrogant or proud, often by thwarting their plans or infringing upon their perceived superiority.
그의 오만함을 꺾어주어야 한다. (His arrogance needs to be humbled.)
InformalEasily Confused
Both verbs involve unauthorized entry or crossing boundaries.
'침입하다' emphasizes the act of physically entering a place without permission (e.g., breaking into a house). '침해하다' is broader, focusing on violating rights, privacy, or territory, which can be physical or abstract (e.g., copyright infringement, privacy violation).
도둑이 집에 침입했다 (The thief broke into the house). 해커는 개인 정보 데이터베이스를 침해했다 (The hacker infringed upon the personal information database).
Both imply trespassing or encroaching.
'침범하다' often relates to territorial invasion or crossing physical boundaries forcefully (e.g., invading a country's border). '침해하다' is more general and can apply to abstract concepts like privacy, reputation, or intellectual property, as well as territory.
군대가 국경을 침범했다 (The army invaded the border). 그의 발언은 나의 명예를 침해했다 (His remarks infringed upon my reputation).
Both mean to break rules or laws.
'위반하다' is specifically used for breaking formal rules, laws, or regulations (e.g., traffic violations, breaking a contract). '침해하다' is broader and includes violations of rights, privacy, or territory, which may or may not be explicitly codified as laws.
그는 신호 위반으로 벌금을 물었다 (He was fined for violating a traffic signal). 회사는 노동자의 권리를 침해했다 (The company infringed upon the workers' rights).
Both can involve intrusion into someone's affairs.
'간섭하다' means to interfere or meddle in someone else's business or activities, often in a bothersome way. '침해하다' implies a more serious violation of rights, privacy, or territory, often with legal or ethical implications.
내 일에 간섭하지 마세요 (Don't interfere in my business). 그의 끊임없는 질문은 대화를 침해하는 것 같았다 (His constant questions felt like they were infringing upon the conversation).
It is a less common synonym that also means to violate.
'란하다' is an archaic term and is rarely used in modern Korean. '침해하다' is the standard and widely used verb for infringement and violation in contemporary language.
The usage of '란하다' is highly limited to older texts. '침해하다' is the appropriate word for modern usage.
Sentence Patterns
Subject + Object + 를/을 + 침해하다.
그는 나의 시간을 침해했습니다.
Subject + Object + 를/을 + 침해하다.
회사는 노동자의 권리를 침해했습니다.
Subject + 이/가 + 침해당하다.
그의 명예가 침해당했습니다.
Adverb + Subject + Object + 를/을 + 침해하다.
그들은 무단으로 영토를 침해했습니다.
Noun (derived from verb) + 이/가 + Noun + 이다.
저작권 침해가 문제입니다.
Subject + Object + 를/을 + 침해할 + 수 있다.
이 기술은 개인 정보를 침해할 수 있습니다.
Subject + Object + 의 + Noun + 을/를 + 침해하다.
그의 행동은 시민의 기본권을 침해했다.
Complex sentence structure with the verb '침해하다' in a subordinate clause.
국제 사회는 주권 침해 행위에 대해 우려를 표명했습니다.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Related
How to Use It
High, especially in formal contexts
-
Using '침해하다' for minor disturbances.
→
Using '방해하다' (to disturb) or idioms like '선을 넘다' (to cross the line).
'침해하다' implies a serious violation of rights, privacy, or territory. For minor inconveniences like someone interrupting your work, '방해하다' is more appropriate. Using '침해하다' can sound overly dramatic.
-
Confusing '침해하다' with '침입하다'.
→
'침해하다' for violations of rights/privacy/copyright; '침입하다' for physical breaking into a place.
'침입하다' specifically means to physically break into a place. '침해하다' is broader and covers non-physical violations. For example, a hacker '침해하다' a database, but a burglar '침입하다' a house.
-
Using '침해하다' with inappropriate objects.
→
Using it with concepts like rights, privacy, territory, copyright, reputation, or laws.
While '침해하다' can be used figuratively, it's best to stick to more direct objects in learning. Avoid using it for things like 'infringing time' directly, unless it's in a very specific idiomatic or figurative context. '시간을 빼앗다' (to steal time) or '시간을 방해하다' (to disturb time) might be more natural.
-
Not differentiating '침해하다' from '위반하다'.
→
'위반하다' for breaking specific rules/laws; '침해하다' for violating rights/privacy/territory.
'위반하다' is for breaking explicit rules or laws (e.g., traffic laws). '침해하다' is about transgressing boundaries or rights, which may or may not be codified laws. For example, you '위반하다' a speed limit, but you '침해하다' someone's privacy.
-
Incorrectly applying the passive voice.
→
Using '-당하다' appropriately when the subject is the victim of infringement.
While the active voice is common, understanding the passive '침해당하다' (to be infringed upon) is crucial for comprehending news and formal reports where individuals or entities are the victims of violations.
Tips
Object of Infringement
The most important element to get right when using '침해하다' is the object being infringed upon. Common objects include '권리' (rights), '사생활' (privacy), '영토' (territory), '저작권' (copyright), and '명예' (reputation). Ensure the object fits the meaning of violation.
Distinguish from Similar Verbs
Be careful not to confuse '침해하다' with '침입하다' (to break into physically) or '위반하다' (to break a rule/law). While related, they have distinct nuances. '침해하다' is the most general term for violation of rights or privacy.
Connect to 'Harm'
Remember that the Hanja character '해' (hae) in '침해하다' means 'harm' or 'damage.' This connection can help you recall that the verb signifies causing harm by violating something.
Sentence Construction
Practice creating sentences using '침해하다' with different objects and in various contexts. Try to use it in both active and passive voice to solidify your understanding.
Aspirated 'ㅊ'
Pay attention to the aspirated 'ㅊ' (ch) sound at the beginning of '침해하다.' It's a common sound in Korean and distinguishing it clearly will improve your pronunciation and comprehension.
Respect for Boundaries
Understand that Korean culture often values respecting personal space and avoiding intrusion. This cultural context reinforces the negative connotation of '침해하다' and the importance of not overstepping boundaries.
Figurative Usage
While often used literally, '침해하다' can also be used figuratively to describe actions that disrupt or intrude upon abstract concepts like peace, conversation, or creativity. Note these nuances for a deeper understanding.
Legal Terminology
Recognize that '침해하다' is a fundamental term in Korean legal vocabulary. Familiarize yourself with common legal collocations like '저작권 침해' (copyright infringement) and '권리 침해' (infringement of rights).
Synonym Nuances
When encountering similar words like '침입하다' and '침범하다,' consider the specific context. '침입하다' is typically physical entry, while '침범하다' often implies territorial invasion. '침해하다' remains the most versatile for violations of rights and privacy.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine a tiny ninja (침 - chim) trying to sneak into a house (해 - hae) to steal something. The ninja's action is an infringement or violation.
Visual Association
Picture a large, aggressive bear (representing '침해') stomping on a delicate flower (representing someone's rights or privacy). The bear is clearly violating the flower's space.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to write three sentences using '침해하다' in different contexts: one legal, one personal, and one about intellectual property. Focus on correctly identifying the object of the infringement.
Word Origin
The word '침해하다' is composed of the Hanja (Chinese characters used in Korean) characters 侵 (chim) meaning 'invade' or 'encroach' and 害 (hae) meaning 'harm,' 'damage,' or 'violate.'
Original meaning: The original meaning conveyed by the Hanja characters is 'to invade and cause harm' or 'to encroach and violate.'
Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese Hanja)Cultural Context
This word generally carries a negative connotation and should be used when describing wrongful actions. It is not a neutral term and implies a transgression.
In English, concepts like 'infringe,' 'violate,' 'encroach,' 'trespass,' and 'invade' cover similar meanings, but '침해하다' often bridges the gap between legal and personal violations more fluidly than its English counterparts.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Legal disputes and court proceedings.
- 특허권 침해 소송 (patent infringement lawsuit)
- 명예 훼손으로 인한 침해 (infringement due to defamation)
- 권리 침해 여부 (whether it is an infringement of rights)
News reports on international relations and security.
- 국경 침해 사건 (border infringement incident)
- 주권 침해 논란 (sovereignty infringement controversy)
- 영공 침해 (airspace infringement)
Discussions about technology, data, and privacy.
- 개인 정보 침해 사고 (personal information infringement accident)
- 사이버 보안 침해 (cybersecurity breach/infringement)
- 데이터 프라이버시 침해 (data privacy infringement)
Personal relationships and boundaries.
- 사생활 침해 (privacy invasion)
- 개인 공간 침해 (infringement of personal space)
- 신뢰 침해 (breach of trust)
Intellectual property rights.
- 저작권 침해 (copyright infringement)
- 상표권 침해 (trademark infringement)
- 콘텐츠 무단 침해 (unauthorized infringement of content)
Conversation Starters
"Have you ever felt that your privacy was infringed upon?"
"What are the consequences of infringing copyright in your country?"
"How can we prevent the infringement of personal data in the digital age?"
"Do you think it's okay to infringe on someone's personal space if it's for a good reason?"
"What's the difference between infringing someone's rights and simply disagreeing with them?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a situation where you felt someone infringed upon your personal space or privacy. What did you do?
Write about a fictional scenario involving a copyright infringement. Who was affected and what were the repercussions?
Reflect on the importance of respecting territorial boundaries. What might happen if these boundaries are continuously infringed upon?
Imagine you are a lawyer defending a client accused of infringing on someone's rights. What would be your defense strategy?
Consider the ethical implications of technology that could potentially infringe upon human autonomy. What safeguards should be in place?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questions'침해하다' means to violate or infringe upon rights, privacy, or territory. It can be physical or abstract. '침입하다' specifically means to break into a place physically without permission, like a house or a building. Think of '침입하다' as a physical entry, while '침해하다' is about violating a boundary or right, which could be abstract.
Yes, absolutely. '침해하다' is very commonly used for non-physical violations such as infringing on privacy ('사생활을 침해하다'), copyright ('저작권을 침해하다'), reputation ('명예를 침해하다'), or even abstract concepts like peace ('평화를 침해하다').
The noun form is '침해' (chimhae), which means 'infringement,' 'violation,' or 'encroachment.' For example, '저작권 침해' means 'copyright infringement.'
Yes, '침해하다' inherently carries a negative connotation because it describes an act of violation or wrongdoing. It implies that a boundary has been crossed or a right has been disregarded without authorization.
'위반하다' is typically used for breaking specific rules, laws, or regulations (e.g., traffic laws, contractual agreements). '침해하다' is broader and is used for violations of rights, privacy, territory, or intellectual property, which may or may not be explicitly defined as laws. For instance, you '위반하다' a speed limit, but you '침해하다' someone's privacy.
Yes, it can be used figuratively. For example, one might say that excessive noise 'infringed upon' their peace ('평화를 침해했다') or that constant interruptions 'infringed upon' their conversation ('대화를 침해했다'). In these cases, it implies disrupting or intruding upon a state of being or an activity.
Common objects include: 권리 (rights), 사생활 (privacy), 영토 (territory), 저작권 (copyright), 명예 (reputation), 개인 정보 (personal information), 주권 (sovereignty), 자유 (freedom), and 평화 (peace).
It can be used in everyday conversation, but it usually implies a more serious boundary violation than a minor inconvenience. For less serious intrusions, people might use milder verbs or idioms. However, discussing privacy or personal space often involves '침해하다'.
'넘보다' is more informal and implies coveting or eyeing something belonging to another, suggesting a desire to take or encroach upon it. '침해하다' is a more direct and formal verb for violation or infringement, implying the actual act of crossing the boundary or violating the right.
Pay close attention to the context and the object of the verb. Ensure you are describing a genuine violation of rights, privacy, territory, or intellectual property. Avoid using it for minor disturbances or when a more specific verb like '위반하다' (for rules) or '방해하다' (for activities) is more appropriate.
Test Yourself 205 questions
Write a sentence using '침해하다' to talk about personal space. (e.g., Don't invade my personal space.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to talk about infringing personal space.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to talk about infringing personal space.
Write a sentence about copyright infringement using '저작권 침해'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly identifies illegal downloading as copyright infringement.
This sentence correctly identifies illegal downloading as copyright infringement.
Write a sentence using the passive form '침해당하다' about someone's reputation being harmed.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses the passive form '침해당하다' to state that his reputation was harmed.
This sentence correctly uses the passive form '침해당하다' to state that his reputation was harmed.
Write a sentence about a company infringing on consumer privacy.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly describes a company being accused of infringing on consumer privacy.
This sentence correctly describes a company being accused of infringing on consumer privacy.
Write a sentence about territorial infringement in a formal context.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence uses '침해하다' in a formal context to describe territorial infringement.
This sentence uses '침해하다' in a formal context to describe territorial infringement.
Write a sentence about the potential infringement of fundamental rights by technology.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly expresses concern about technology infringing upon fundamental rights.
This sentence correctly expresses concern about technology infringing upon fundamental rights.
Write a sentence using '침해하다' in relation to social norms.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe violating social norms.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe violating social norms.
Write a sentence about the potential infringement on 'objective truth' by misinformation.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' in a figurative sense to describe undermining objective truth.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' in a figurative sense to describe undermining objective truth.
Write a sentence about the infringement of individual autonomy by surveillance.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe the infringement of individual autonomy.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe the infringement of individual autonomy.
Write a sentence using '침해하다' to describe someone disturbing your peace.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence uses '침해하다' to describe how loud music disturbed one's peace.
This sentence uses '침해하다' to describe how loud music disturbed one's peace.
Write a sentence about infringing someone's reputation using '명예 침해'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '명예 침해' to describe defamation.
This sentence correctly uses '명예 침해' to describe defamation.
Write a sentence about a company infringing on intellectual property rights.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly describes a company infringing on intellectual property rights.
This sentence correctly describes a company infringing on intellectual property rights.
Write a sentence using '침해하다' to describe an action that violates someone's freedom.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe the violation of freedom.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe the violation of freedom.
Write a sentence about the potential infringement of cultural heritage by development.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly discusses the potential infringement of cultural heritage.
This sentence correctly discusses the potential infringement of cultural heritage.
Write a sentence about the infringement of 'trust' in a relationship.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe a breach of trust.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe a breach of trust.
Write a sentence about the ethical dilemmas of AI infringing upon human decision-making power.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly addresses the ethical debate of AI infringing upon human decision-making power.
This sentence correctly addresses the ethical debate of AI infringing upon human decision-making power.
Write a sentence about how misinformation campaigns can infringe upon the public's right to information.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly describes how misinformation campaigns can infringe upon the public's right to information.
This sentence correctly describes how misinformation campaigns can infringe upon the public's right to information.
Write a sentence telling someone not to disturb your study time.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
While '침해하다' can be used figuratively, '방해하다' is more common for disturbing an activity like studying.
While '침해하다' can be used figuratively, '방해하다' is more common for disturbing an activity like studying.
Write a sentence about a country infringing on another country's territory.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly describes a country infringing on another's territory.
This sentence correctly describes a country infringing on another's territory.
Write a sentence about a legal case involving the infringement of intellectual property.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
This sentence correctly describes a legal case of intellectual property infringement.
This sentence correctly describes a legal case of intellectual property infringement.
Imagine someone is too close to you. Say 'Please don't infringe on my personal space.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This is a polite way to ask someone not to invade your personal space.
You want to tell someone that their actions are violating your rights. Say 'Your actions are infringing upon my rights.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence clearly states that the person's actions are infringing upon your rights.
You are talking about illegal music downloads. Say 'This is copyright infringement.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This is the standard way to refer to copyright infringement.
You want to express concern that new technology might violate people's privacy. Say 'This technology could infringe upon people's privacy.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence expresses concern about technology potentially infringing upon privacy.
You are discussing a political issue where a country's sovereignty was violated. Say 'The country's sovereignty was infringed upon.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly uses the passive form to state that sovereignty was infringed upon.
You want to warn that aggressive development might harm the environment. Say 'This development could infringe upon the natural ecosystem.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly expresses the idea that development could infringe upon the natural ecosystem.
You are discussing the violation of social norms. Say 'His remarks infringed upon social norms.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe the violation of social norms.
You want to express concern about misinformation undermining objective truth. Say 'Misinformation can infringe upon objective truth.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' in a figurative sense to describe undermining objective truth.
You are concerned about surveillance potentially infringing upon individual autonomy. Say 'Surveillance can infringe upon individual autonomy.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly states that surveillance can infringe upon individual autonomy.
You want to say that taking photos without permission is a privacy violation. Say 'It's a privacy violation.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
'사생활 침해' is the direct term for privacy violation.
You want to say that someone is infringing on your time. Say 'You are infringing on my time.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
While '방해하다' might be more common, '침해하다' can be used to emphasize the intrusion on your time.
You want to say that a company has infringed on patent rights. Say 'The company infringed on patent rights.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This is the standard phrase for patent infringement.
You want to express that someone's actions have harmed their reputation. Say 'His actions infringed upon his reputation.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' to describe harm to reputation.
You are talking about a border dispute. Say 'The border was infringed upon.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This uses the passive form to describe the border being infringed upon.
You want to say that a new law might infringe upon basic freedoms. Say 'This law could infringe upon basic freedoms.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly expresses the potential for a law to infringe upon basic freedoms.
You are discussing the importance of protecting cultural heritage from infringement. Say 'Cultural heritage must not be infringed upon.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly uses the passive form to state that cultural heritage should not be infringed upon.
You want to discuss the ethical concerns of AI infringing upon human decision-making. Say 'AI could infringe upon human decision-making.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly addresses the concern of AI infringing upon human decision-making.
You want to say that misinformation can undermine objective truth. Say 'Misinformation can infringe upon objective truth.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly uses '침해하다' in a figurative sense to describe undermining objective truth.
You want to say that taking photos without permission is a privacy violation. Say 'It is a privacy violation.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
'사생활 침해' is the standard term for privacy violation.
You want to say that someone's actions infringed upon your reputation. Say 'Your actions infringed upon my reputation.'
Read this aloud:
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence correctly states that the actions infringed upon reputation.
Listen to the sentence and choose the correct meaning: '내 사생활을 침해하지 마세요.'
'침해하지 마세요' means 'don't infringe upon'.
Listen to the sentence and identify the object being infringed: '그 회사는 저작권을 침해했습니다.'
The object of infringement is '저작권' (copyright).
Listen to the sentence and choose the correct translation: '그의 발언은 나의 명예를 침해했다.'
The sentence means his remarks infringed upon his reputation.
Listen to the sentence and understand the context: '새로운 기술이 개인 정보를 침해할 수 있다는 우려가 있습니다.'
The sentence expresses concern that new technology might infringe upon personal information.
Listen to the sentence and identify the main issue: '그의 행동은 시민의 자유를 침해했다.'
The sentence states that his actions violated citizens' freedom.
Listen to the sentence and interpret its meaning: '이 개발은 자연 생태계를 침해할 수 있습니다.'
The sentence means that this development could infringe upon natural ecosystems.
Listen to the sentence and choose the correct meaning: '주권 침해는 국제 사회에서 심각한 문제입니다.'
'주권 침해' means sovereignty infringement.
Listen to the sentence and understand its implication: '감시는 개인의 자율성을 침해할 수 있습니다.'
The sentence means that surveillance can infringe upon individual autonomy.
Listen to the sentence and choose the correct translation: '가짜 뉴스는 객관적 진실을 침해할 수 있습니다.'
This sentence means that fake news can infringe upon objective truth.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '이것은 저작권 침해입니다.'
'저작권 침해' means copyright infringement.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '그의 발언은 나의 명예를 침해했다.'
The sentence means his remarks infringed upon his reputation.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '영토 침해가 발생했습니다.'
'영토 침해' means territorial infringement.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '그의 행동은 시민의 자유를 침해했다.'
The sentence means his actions infringed upon citizens' freedom.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '이 소프트웨어는 개인 정보를 침해할 수 있습니다.'
The sentence warns that the software might infringe upon personal information.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '주권 침해에 대한 대응책이 논의되었습니다.'
'주권 침해' means sovereignty infringement.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '그의 발언은 사회적 통념을 침해하는 것으로 여겨졌다.'
The sentence means his remarks violated social norms.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '감시는 개인의 자율성을 침해할 수 있습니다.'
The sentence means that surveillance can infringe upon individual autonomy.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '가짜 뉴스는 객관적 진실을 침해할 수 있습니다.'
This sentence means that fake news can infringe upon objective truth.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '이것은 사생활 침해입니다.'
'사생활 침해' means privacy violation.
Listen to the sentence and choose the best translation: '그의 행동은 나의 자유를 침해했다.'
The sentence means his actions infringed upon his freedom.
/ 205 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
침해하다 means to violate or infringe upon someone's rights, privacy, or territory. It signifies an act of crossing a boundary or disregarding established rules or personal space, carrying a strong sense of wrongdoing, especially in legal contexts.
- To violate or infringe upon rights, privacy, or territory.
- An act of unauthorized intrusion or violation of boundaries.
- Often used in legal or formal contexts for breaking laws or rights.
- Can also describe personal boundary violations or invasions.
Context is Key
The meaning of '침해하다' can vary slightly depending on the context. In legal settings, it refers to specific violations of law or rights. In personal contexts, it often relates to privacy or personal space. Always consider the surrounding words to understand the exact nature of the infringement.
Object of Infringement
The most important element to get right when using '침해하다' is the object being infringed upon. Common objects include '권리' (rights), '사생활' (privacy), '영토' (territory), '저작권' (copyright), and '명예' (reputation). Ensure the object fits the meaning of violation.
Distinguish from Similar Verbs
Be careful not to confuse '침해하다' with '침입하다' (to break into physically) or '위반하다' (to break a rule/law). While related, they have distinct nuances. '침해하다' is the most general term for violation of rights or privacy.
Connect to 'Harm'
Remember that the Hanja character '해' (hae) in '침해하다' means 'harm' or 'damage.' This connection can help you recall that the verb signifies causing harm by violating something.
Example
타인의 사생활을 침해하는 행위는 법으로 금지되어 있습니다.
Related Content
More social issues words
옹호하다
B2To support or defend a person, idea, or cause, especially when it is being criticized by others.
주창하다
B2To take the lead in asserting or advocating for a specific doctrine, movement, or theory. It is more formal than simply 'suggesting' or 'claiming'.
가중시키다
B1To make a bad situation, burden, or pressure even worse or heavier.
소외되다
B2To be marginalized, excluded, or isolated from a group or society.
완화하다
B2To make something less severe, painful, or strict; to mitigate or alleviate a problem or tension.
변모
B2A change in appearance, shape, or character. It is often used to describe how a city, society, or concept has transformed over time into something new.
타협
B2An agreement reached by each side making concessions. It is a way to resolve conflict by finding a middle ground.
타협점
B2A middle ground or a point of mutual agreement reached by parties with conflicting interests.
우려하다
B1To worry about, be concerned about, or feel apprehensive about something negative potentially happening.
갈등
B2A state of disagreement or opposition between ideas, interests, or people. It can range from internal mental struggles to large-scale social or international disputes.
