A1 · शुरुआती चैप्टर 9

Me, You, and Them

3 कुल नियम
20 उदाहरण
1 मिनट
इस अध्याय के नियम त्वरित अभ्यास

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of addressing yourself, your friends, and everyone else with confidence in Punjabi.

  • Identify the first-person singular and plural pronouns.
  • Distinguish between informal and respectful ways to address others.
  • Refer to third parties using proximity-based pronouns.
Speak with respect: Navigating Punjabi personal pronouns.

तुम क्या सीखोगे

Personal pronouns in Punjabi across different levels of formality. Learn the distinction between 'Tu', 'Tusi', and 'Aap'.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'Main' and 'Assi' to talk about yourself and your group.

मुख्य उदाहरण (4)

1

ਤੂੰ ਕੀ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈਂ?

What are you doing?

पंजाबी में 'तुम' और 'आप': (Tu & Tusi)
2

ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕੀ ਕਰ ਰਹੇ ਹੋ?

What are you doing?

पंजाबी में 'तुम' और 'आप': (Tu & Tusi)
3

Eh mera dost hai.

This is my friend (nearby).

पंजाबी अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम: वह (Eh, Oh)
4

Oh kaun hai?

Who is that (over there)?

पंजाबी अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम: वह (Eh, Oh)

टिप्स और ट्रिक्स (3)

💡

Listen to native speakers

Pay attention to how they use 'ਮੈਨੂੰ' for feelings.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: First Person (Main, Assi)
🎯

The Safety Default

When in doubt, always use Tusi. No one ever got in trouble for being too polite, but using Tu with the wrong person can get awkward fast.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी में 'तुम' और 'आप': (Tu & Tusi)
🎯

The 'Pointing' Rule

If you have to extend your arm fully to point at them, they are almost always an oh.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम: वह (Eh, Oh)

मुख्य शब्दावली (6)

ਮੈਂ (Main) I ਅਸੀਂ (Assi) We ਤੂੰ (Tu) You (informal) ਤੁਸੀਂ (Tusi) You (formal/plural) ਇਹ (Eh) This/He/She (near) ਉਹ (Oh) That/He/She (far)

Real-World Preview

coffee

Meeting a New Friend

Review Summary

  • Main (I) / Assi (We)
  • Tu (informal) / Tusi (formal)
  • Eh (near) / Oh (far)

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using 'Tu' with a teacher is disrespectful. Always use 'Tusi' for authority figures.

Wrong: ਤੂੰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਹੋ? (To a teacher)
सही: ਤੁਸੀਂ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਹੋ? (To a teacher)

Main is strictly singular. Use Assi for plural.

Wrong: ਮੈਂ ਦੋਸਤ ਹਾਂ। (We are friends)
सही: ਅਸੀਂ ਦੋਸਤ ਹਾਂ। (We are friends)

Do not use third-person pronouns for yourself.

Wrong: ਉਹ ਮੇਰਾ ਦੋਸਤ ਹੈ (pointing at self)
सही: ਮੈਂ ਅਮਿਤ ਹਾਂ (pointing at self)

Next Steps

You are making amazing progress! Keep practicing these pronouns until they feel like second nature.

Write a diary entry using only these pronouns

Continue to: The Magic of Postpositions

त्वरित अभ्यास (10)

Fill in the blank with the correct verb ending for a formal 'you'.

Tusi kive ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ho
Tusi always pairs with ho in the present tense to show respect or plurality.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी में 'तुम' और 'आप': (Tu & Tusi)

Fix the mismatch between the pronoun and the verb ending.

Find and fix the mistake:

Tu kithe ja rahe ho?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tu kithe ja reha hai?
Tu requires the singular ending reha and the auxiliary hai.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी में 'तुम' और 'आप': (Tu & Tusi)

Choose the correct pronoun.

___ ਭੁੱਖ ਲੱਗੀ ਹੈ।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ਮੈਨੂੰ
Dative case for feelings.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: First Person (Main, Assi)

Which sentence is most appropriate for a job interview?

Choose the correct formal sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Tusi ki karde ho?
Tusi + -de verb ending + ho is the correct formal construction.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी में 'तुम' और 'आप': (Tu & Tusi)

Fix the pronoun for a person who is not in the room.

Find and fix the mistake:

Eh mera dost hai (but the friend is at home).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oh mera dost hai.
If the person is not present, 'Oh' is the correct third-person pronoun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम: वह (Eh, Oh)

Choose the correct possessive.

___ ਦੋਸਤ ਆ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ਮੇਰੇ
Plural agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: First Person (Main, Assi)

Fill in the blank for someone standing next to you.

___ mera bhara hai.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Eh
We use 'Eh' for people who are physically near us.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम: वह (Eh, Oh)

Which sentence refers to someone far away?

Select the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Oh kaun hai?
'Oh' is used for distance, whereas 'Eh' is for proximity.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: पंजाबी अन्य पुरुष सर्वनाम: वह (Eh, Oh)

Fill in the blank.

___ ਖੁਸ਼ ਹਾਂ।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ਮੈਂ
Subjective case.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: First Person (Main, Assi)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

ਮੇਰਾ ਭੈਣ ਆ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ।

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ਮੇਰੀ ਭੈਣ
Gender agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: First Person (Main, Assi)

Score: /10

सामान्य प्रश्न (6)

In Punjabi, feelings are expressed as something happening 'to me'.
Yes, in the present tense.
Not inherently! It's about closeness. Using it with a best friend is a sign of love. Using it with a stranger is rude.
You can, but it might sound like you're being sarcastic or making fun of him for acting 'too grown up.'
Yes, both eh and oh serve as 'it.' Use eh for an object in your hand and oh for one across the room.
You have to listen to the verb or context. For example, 'Eh janda hai' (He goes) vs 'Eh jandi hai' (She goes).
पिछला अध्याय
Pluralizing the World
अगला अध्याय
The Magic of Postpositions
रोडमैप पर वापस