A1 adverb Neutre 2 min de lecture

koliko

/ˈkɔlikɔ/
Practice it

The word 'koliko' is the primary Slovenian tool for quantifying objects, time, and abstract concepts.

Mot en 30 secondes

  • Used to ask about quantity, amount, or number of items.
  • Commonly triggers the genitive case for the following noun.
  • Essential for shopping, asking time, and discussing age.

Pregled

'Koliko' je ena izmed najosnovnejših besed v slovenščini, ki jo začetniki spoznajo že v prvih lekcijah. Njen primarni namen je poizvedovanje o kvantiteti, ne glede na to, ali gre za števne samostalnike (npr. ljudje, jabolka) ali neštevne pojme (npr. čas, denar, voda).

Vzorci uporabe

Najpogosteje se uporablja na začetku vprašalnih stavkov. Pomembno slovnično pravilo je, da samostalnik, ki sledi besedi 'koliko', običajno stoji v rodilniku (genitivu), če gre za količino nečesa (npr. 'koliko jabolk', 'koliko vode'). Pri glagolih se uporablja za določanje stopnje ali intenzivnosti dejanja (npr. 'koliko spiš?').

Pogosti konteksti

Besedo srečamo vsakodnevno v trgovinah ('Koliko stane?'), pri načrtovanju časa ('Koliko je ura?'), v socialnih interakcijah ('Koliko si star?') in pri kuhanju ('Koliko moke potrebujem?'). Je nevtralna beseda, ki se uporablja tako v formalnih kot neformalnih situacijah.

Primerjava s podobnimi besedami

Pogosto jo zamenjujejo z besedo 'kakšen' ali 'kateri'. Medtem ko 'kakšen' sprašuje po lastnosti (kvaliteti) in 'kateri' po izbiri med več možnostmi, 'koliko' izključno sprašuje po številu ali količini. Obstaja tudi pridevniška oblika 'kolikšen', ki se uporablja za spraševanje po velikosti ali obsegu, vendar je v vsakodnevnem govoru 'koliko' veliko bolj pogost.

Exemples

1

Koliko stane ta kruh?

everyday

How much does this bread cost?

2

Zanima me, koliko časa bo trajal sestanek.

formal

I am interested in how much time the meeting will take.

3

Ej, koliko si dal za to?

informal

Hey, how much did you pay for this?

4

Raziskava kaže, koliko ljudi uporablja internet.

academic

The research shows how many people use the internet.

Collocations courantes

Koliko stane? How much does it cost?
Koliko je ura? What time is it?
Koliko časa? How much time / How long?

Phrases Courantes

Koliko si star?

How old are you?

Ne vem, koliko.

I don't know how much.

Souvent confondu avec

koliko vs kakšen

'Kakšen' asks about the quality or type (What is it like?), while 'koliko' asks about the quantity (How many?).

koliko vs kateri

'Kateri' is used for choosing between specific items (Which one?), whereas 'koliko' is for the total count.

Modèles grammaticaux

koliko + samostalnik (rodilnik) koliko + glagol koliko + pridevnik

How to Use It

Notes d'usage

The word is universally used across all registers of Slovenian. In informal speech, it is sometimes shortened or combined with 'kaj' in certain dialects, but 'koliko' remains the standard. It is essential for basic survival Slovenian, especially in transactions.

Erreurs courantes

The most frequent error is failing to use the genitive case for the noun that follows. Another mistake is using 'koliko' when asking for a specific item from a group, where 'kateri' (which) would be appropriate. Learners also sometimes forget that 'koliko' is used for both 'how much' and 'how many'.

Tips

💡

Mastering the Genitive Case Connection

Always remember that nouns following 'koliko' usually drop their nominative ending for a genitive one (e.g., 'voda' becomes 'vode').

⚠️

Avoid Using Nominative After Koliko

English speakers often say 'koliko jabolka' (nom. pl.), but the correct form is 'koliko jabolk' (gen. pl.).

🌍

Politeness in Asking Prices

In Slovenia, asking 'Koliko stane?' is direct and standard, but adding 'Prosim' (Please) makes it much more polite.

Origine du mot

Derived from Proto-Slavic *koli-ko, where 'koli' is a pronominal base related to 'ko' (who/what) and '-ko' is a suffix indicating measure.

Contexte culturel

Slovenians are generally precise with numbers in professional settings, so 'koliko' is used frequently in business. In social settings, asking 'Koliko si star?' (How old are you?) is common among children but should be used cautiously with adults.

Astuce mémo

Think of the 'K' in Koliko as 'Kilo' (a measure of weight). Just as you ask for 'how many kilos', use 'Koliko' for any quantity.

Questions fréquentes

4 questions

Ne, 'koliko' je prislov in ostane v vseh sklonih in številih enak. Spremeni pa se sklon samostalnika, ki mu sledi.

'Koliko' se uporablja za količino (število), 'kolikšen' pa se uporablja bolj za velikost ali mero in se sklanja kot pridevnik.

Praviloma uporabljamo rodilnik (npr. koliko ljudi, koliko kruha), kar je ena najpogostejših struktur v slovenščini.

Da, uporablja se kot veznik v odvisnih stavkih, na primer: 'Povej mi, koliko jih potrebuješ.'

Teste-toi

fill blank

Koliko ___ (kava) spiješ na dan?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : a

Po besedi 'koliko' uporabljamo rodilnik ednine za neštevne samostalnike, kot je kava.

multiple choice

Koliko je ura?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : b

'Koliko je ura?' je standardno vprašanje za čas.

sentence building

stane / koliko / jabolko / to

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : c

Vprašalnica 'koliko' običajno stoji na začetku stavka.

Score : /3

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