A2 noun Neutral #4,500 most common 1 min read

奶酪

nǎilào /ˈnaɪˌlɑʊ/
Practice it

Cheese is a versatile dairy product made from milk, enjoyed worldwide in numerous forms.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • A dairy product made from milk.
  • Comes in many varieties and flavors.
  • Used in cooking and eaten as snack.

Overview

奶酪（nǎilào），英文是 cheese，是一种古老而普遍的食物，在全球范围内都有广泛的生产和消费。它的制作过程主要是通过凝结乳汁中的蛋白质（主要是酪蛋白），然后分离乳清，最后经过发酵和熟化（或不熟化）等步骤而成。奶酪的种类繁多，风味、质地、形状和颜色都各不相同，从柔软的奶油状到坚硬的块状，从温和的奶香味到浓郁的陈年味，应有尽有。这使得奶酪能够适应各种烹饪需求和口味偏好。

作为名词，奶酪可以直接食用，也可以作为配料添加到各种菜肴中。在日常生活中，人们常把奶酪放在三明治、汉堡包、披萨饼上，或者作为零食搭配饼干、水果食用。它也可以用于制作沙拉酱、汤、烘焙食品等。

奶酪在西餐中扮演着重要角色，例如意大利面、奶酪火锅、芝士蛋糕等都离不开它。在日常家庭饮食中，早餐的三明治、午餐的沙拉、晚餐的焗饭或意面，都可能用到奶酪。超市的冷藏区是购买奶酪最常见的地方。此外，一些亚洲菜肴也开始尝试融入奶酪，如奶酪炒蛋、奶酪焗饭等。

与“奶酪”相似的词语可能包括“芝士”（zhīshì），“芝士”是“cheese”的音译，在现代汉语中与“奶酪”几乎是同义词，尤其是在口语和商业宣传中，“芝士”的使用更为普遍，听起来更时尚。但在一些正式场合或传统语境下，“奶酪”可能更显正式。此外，还有一些特定类型的奶酪名称，如“奶油奶酪”（cream cheese）、“切达奶酪”（cheddar cheese）等，它们是“奶酪”这个大类下的具体品种。

Examples

1

我早餐喜欢吃吐司配奶酪。

everyday

I like to eat toast with cheese for breakfast.

2

这款意大利面选用了帕玛森奶酪，风味独特。

formal

This pasta uses Parmesan cheese, giving it a unique flavor.

3

这个三明治里夹了好多奶酪，看起来就好吃！

informal

This sandwich is packed with cheese, it looks delicious!

4

奶酪的生产工艺对最终产品的质地和风味有着决定性影响。

academic

The production process of cheese significantly impacts the final product's texture and flavor.

Common Collocations

奶油奶酪 cream cheese
切达奶酪 cheddar cheese
硬质奶酪 hard cheese
软质奶酪 soft cheese

Common Phrases

奶酪火锅

cheese fondue

奶酪蛋糕

cheesecake

奶酪拼盘

cheese platter

Often Confused With

奶酪 vs 芝士

Both '奶酪' (nǎilào) and '芝士' (zhīshì) mean 'cheese'. '芝士' is a transliteration and is more commonly used in modern spoken Chinese and in the food industry, often sounding more trendy. '奶酪' is a more direct translation and can sound more traditional or formal.

Grammar Patterns

Noun + [量词] + 奶酪 (e.g., 一块奶酪 - a piece of cheese) 在 + [食物] + 上 + 放/加 + 奶酪 (e.g., 在披萨上放奶酪 - put cheese on pizza) 奶酪 + [味道/质地描述] (e.g., 奶酪味道浓郁 - cheese has a strong flavor)

How to Use It

Usage Notes

Cheese is a versatile ingredient. It can be eaten on its own, added to sandwiches, used in cooking, or served as part of a cheese board. The register can range from informal (e.g., 'pizza with lots of cheese') to more formal (e.g., discussing specific cheese types in cuisine). Pay attention to context when discussing cheese.

Common Mistakes

Learners might confuse '奶酪' (cheese) with other dairy products like '牛奶' (milk) or '酸奶' (yogurt). Ensure you understand the specific meaning of 'cheese' when using '奶酪'. Also, be aware that '芝士' is a very common synonym, especially in informal contexts.

Tips

💡

Explore different cheese types

Don't limit yourself to one kind of cheese. Try various textures and flavors like cheddar, mozzarella, brie, or gouda to discover your favorites.

⚠️

Check for lactose content

While many aged cheeses have low lactose, some softer cheeses can still contain significant amounts. If you are lactose intolerant, choose carefully or opt for lactose-free versions.

🌍

Cheese boards and pairings

In Western cultures, cheese boards are popular appetizers, often served with fruits, nuts, crackers, and wine, showcasing diverse cheese profiles.

Word Origin

The word '奶酪' (nǎilào) is a descriptive term in Chinese. '奶' (nǎi) means 'milk', and '酪' (lào) refers to a type of dairy product or curd. It literally means 'milk curd'. The English word 'cheese' has Germanic origins, related to Latin 'caseus'.

Cultural Context

Cheese has a long history in many cultures, particularly in Europe, where it forms a significant part of the cuisine and culinary traditions. Cheese pairings with wine, bread, and fruits are common social and gastronomic practices.

Memory Tip

Think of 'nǎi' (milk) in '奶酪' (nǎilào) to remember it's a dairy product. Imagine a mouse enjoying a piece of cheese, saying 'Nǎi! Nǎi!' (Milk! Milk!) because cheese is made from milk.

Frequently Asked Questions

4 questions

“奶酪”是“cheese”的意译，“芝士”是音译。在现代汉语中，两者基本通用，意思相同。但“芝士”更常用于口语和食品行业，听起来更洋气，而“奶酪”相对更传统一些。

大部分奶酪都可以直接生吃。很多奶酪就是作为零食或者搭配其他食物（如面包、饼干、水果）生吃的，例如切达奶酪、马苏里拉奶酪等。但有些硬质或需要熟化的奶酪，烹饪后风味更佳。

奶酪非常百搭。它常与面包、饼干、水果（如葡萄、苹果）、蔬菜（如番茄、生菜）、肉类（如火腿、培根）一起食用。在烹饪中，它也常用于披萨、意面、三明治、焗饭和汤中。

是的，奶酪富含蛋白质、钙、维生素A和维生素B12等营养物质。但它也可能含有较高的脂肪和钠，所以适量食用很重要。

Test Yourself

fill blank

我喜欢在三明治里放一片黄色的______。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 奶酪

句子描述的是三明治里的配料，奶酪是常见的选择。

multiple choice

这种用牛奶发酵制成的块状或片状食物，味道浓郁，可以烘烤或生吃，它是什么？

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 奶酪

描述符合奶酪的定义：用牛奶发酵制成，有块状或片状，味道浓郁，可烘烤可生吃。

sentence building

我 / 披萨 / 喜欢 / 很多 / 奶酪

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 我喜欢披萨上有很多奶酪。

这个句子结构完整，表达了“喜欢披萨，并且喜欢披萨上有大量的奶酪”的意思。

Score: /3

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