煤气
煤气 in 30 Seconds
- 煤气 (méiqì) means coal gas or natural gas used for cooking and heating in households.
- It is a common CEFR A2 word essential for daily life and home safety conversations.
- Commonly paired with verbs like '开' (turn on), '关' (turn off), and '换' (change/replace).
- While technically 'coal gas', it is colloquially used for all types of domestic fuel gas today.
The Chinese word 煤气 (méiqì) is a fundamental noun that every learner should master, particularly those living in or traveling to Chinese-speaking regions. Literally translated, it combines the character for 'coal' (煤) with 'gas' (气). Historically, this referred specifically to gas produced from coal, but in contemporary daily life, it functions as a broad, catch-all term for the gas used in cooking and heating homes. Whether it is piped natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas in a tank, most people will simply refer to it as 煤气.
- Domestic Utility
- In a typical Chinese household, the most common encounter with this word is in the kitchen. You will hear phrases like '开煤气' (turn on the gas) or '关煤气' (turn off the gas) multiple times a day. It is the lifeblood of the high-heat stir-fry culture that defines Chinese cuisine.
- Safety and Warnings
- Because 煤气 can be dangerous, it frequently appears in safety notices and news reports. Terms like '煤气中毒' (gas poisoning) or '煤气泄漏' (gas leak) are critical for safety awareness. In older apartments, the smell of gas is a serious signal to '检查煤气' (check the gas).
记得在出门前把煤气关掉。(Remember to turn off the gas before going out.)
Understanding the nuance between '煤气' and its technical counterparts is also important. While scientists might use '天然气' (natural gas), the average person at a restaurant or at home stays with the traditional term. It carries a sense of domesticity and the warmth of a home-cooked meal. However, it also carries the weight of responsibility; in Chinese culture, being 'careless with the gas' is a common trope for being an unreliable or forgetful person.
这台热水器是用煤气的。(This water heater uses gas.)
- Infrastructure Context
- In urban planning, '煤气管道' (gas pipelines) are essential infrastructure. If there is construction on your street, you might see signs warning about these pipes.
In summary, while the physical composition of the gas in the pipes has changed over the decades from coal-derived gas to natural gas, the linguistic label '煤气' has stuck firmly in the lexicon. It is a word that bridges the gap between old-world energy and modern convenience. Using it correctly shows a grasp of colloquial Chinese that goes beyond textbook definitions.
Using 煤气 (méiqì) correctly involves understanding its role as a mass noun and its common verbal pairings. In Chinese, we don't usually 'count' gas, but we do measure its usage and control its flow. The most common verbs associated with it are '开' (kāi - to open/turn on), '关' (guān - to close/turn off), and '闻' (wén - to smell).
我好像闻到了煤气味。(I think I smell gas.)
- Verb-Noun Collocations
- 1. **点煤气** (diǎn méiqì): To light the gas. This is often used with older stoves that require a manual spark.
2. **省煤气** (shěng méiqì): To save gas. Used when discussing energy efficiency or cooking techniques that use less fuel.
When describing the equipment that uses gas, '煤气' acts as a modifier. For example, '煤气灶' (gas stove) and '煤气表' (gas meter). If you are living in an area without piped gas, you will become very familiar with the '煤气罐' (gas canister/tank). These tanks are often delivered by scooter and swapped out when empty.
这一罐煤气可以用两个月。(This tank of gas can last for two months.)
In more complex sentences, you might describe the cost or the billing process. '交煤气费' (to pay the gas bill) is a monthly chore. In modern cities like Shanghai or Beijing, this is done via apps like WeChat or Alipay, but the term remains the same. The sentence structure '用...烧...' is also common: '用煤气烧水' (use gas to boil water).
现在的煤气价格比去年贵了很多。(The current gas price is much more expensive than last year.)
- Common Adjectives
- '足' (zú - sufficient) or '弱' (ruò - weak). For example, '煤气火很弱' (The gas flame is very weak), indicating the tank is nearly empty or the pressure is low.
If you are in China, you will hear 煤气 (méiqì) in several distinct environments. The most frequent is likely the domestic setting. Parents often shout to their children or spouses to check the gas after cooking. In apartment complexes, you might hear announcements over loudspeakers regarding '煤气检修' (gas maintenance and inspection), warning residents that the supply will be temporarily cut off.
物业通知明天下午停煤气。(The property management notified that the gas will be cut off tomorrow afternoon.)
Another place you will hear it is at the '煤气站' (gas station - specifically for filling tanks, not cars). In smaller towns or older districts of large cities, the sound of a specific horn or a bell might signal the arrival of the '送煤气的' (the gas delivery man). People will call out to him to bring a fresh '煤气瓶' (gas cylinder) up to their walk-up apartment.
In the culinary world, chefs and street food vendors are constantly managing their gas supply. If you stand near a 'wail d排档' (street stall), you'll hear the roar of the gas burner, and the vendor might complain about the '煤气费' (gas costs) eating into their profits. In this context, '煤气' is synonymous with the ability to cook and do business.
师傅,帮我换一罐煤气。(Master, help me change a tank of gas.)
- News and Media
- News reports often use '煤气爆炸' (gas explosion) when reporting on industrial or residential accidents. It is a word associated with high stakes and the need for public safety vigilance.
One of the most common mistakes for learners is confusing 煤气 (méiqì) with other types of gas or air. While '气' (qì) means gas or air in a general sense, you cannot use '煤气' to describe the air you breathe or the gas in a balloon. For a balloon, you would use '氦气' (helium) or just '气'. For the air around us, it is '空气' (kōngqì).
❌ 我想呼吸新鲜的煤气。
✅ 我想呼吸新鲜的空气。(I want to breathe fresh air.)
Another mistake is the technical versus colloquial distinction. If you are writing a scientific paper or a formal technical report, using '煤气' might be considered imprecise if you actually mean '天然气' (natural gas) or '液化石油气' (LPG). '煤气' specifically implies coal-derived gas, even though colloquially it's used for everything. In a formal engineering context, stick to the specific chemical name.
- Verb Misuse
- Don't use '开' (kāi) when you mean to 'inflate'. If you are putting air into a tire, you '打气' (dǎqì), you don't '开煤气'. '开煤气' specifically means turning the valve to let flammable gas flow for a stove or heater.
Lastly, learners often forget the measure word when referring to tanks. While '煤气' itself is uncountable, the containers are not. Use '罐' (guàn) or '瓶' (píng) for tanks, and '度' (dù) for units of piped gas on a meter. Saying '一个煤气' is incorrect; say '一罐煤气'.
While 煤气 (méiqì) is the most common term, several related words are essential for a complete vocabulary. Understanding the differences helps you sound more like a native speaker and prevents confusion in technical situations.
- 天然气 (tiānránqì)
- Meaning: Natural Gas. This is the more accurate term for the gas piped into modern apartments. Use this in formal contexts, bills, or when discussing energy resources. Example: '我们小区已经通了天然气。' (Our community already has natural gas.)
- 液化气 (yèhuàqì)
- Meaning: Liquefied Gas (LPG). This is what is inside those heavy metal tanks (煤气罐). It's a more technical way to describe bottled gas. Example: '液化气比天然气贵。' (Liquefied gas is more expensive than natural gas.)
- 汽油 (qìyóu)
- Meaning: Gasoline/Petrol. Crucial for English speakers to distinguish from 'gas'. If you go to a '加油站' (gas station for cars), you are buying 汽油, not 煤气.
Comparison:
煤气 = Household cooking/heating gas (Colloquial)
天然气 = Methane-based piped gas (Technical)
汽油 = Car fuel
There is also '沼气' (zhǎoqì), which is biogas or methane produced from organic matter, often discussed in rural development contexts. While it is a 'gas' used for fuel, it is never called '煤气'. Similarly, '废气' (fèiqì) refers to exhaust gas from cars or factories. Knowing these distinctions prevents you from using '煤气' as a generic term for 'any gas that comes out of a pipe or machine'.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
Before electricity became common, major Chinese cities like Shanghai were lit by '煤气灯' (gas lamps).
Pronunciation Guide
- Pronouncing 'qi' as 'ki' or 'kwi'. It should be a soft 'ch' sound.
- Missing the rising tone on 'mei', making it sound flat.
- Confusing the fourth tone of 'qi' with the first tone, which changes the meaning.
- Pronouncing 'mei' like 'me' (short e) instead of 'may'.
- Failing to aspirate the 'q' in 'qi'.
Difficulty Rating
Characters are relatively simple and common.
The character '煤' has many strokes but is logical.
Tones are distinct (2nd and 4th).
Easily recognized in context of kitchen/house.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Resultative Complements with 闻
我闻到了煤气味。
Using '用' to indicate fuel source
这个炉子是用煤气的。
Compound Nouns (Noun + Noun)
煤气公司
Imperative with 别
别忘了关煤气。
Topic-Comment Structure
煤气,我已经关好了。
Examples by Level
妈妈在开煤气。
Mom is turning on the gas.
Subject + 在 + Verb + Object.
请关煤气。
Please turn off the gas.
Imperative sentence using 请.
煤气在那儿。
The gas (stove/tank) is over there.
Using '在那儿' to indicate location.
这是煤气灶。
This is a gas stove.
Simple identification sentence.
煤气火很大。
The gas fire is very big.
Noun + Adjective structure.
我不用煤气。
I don't use gas.
Negative sentence with 不.
煤气好用吗?
Is the gas easy to use?
Question with 吗.
他在看煤气。
He is looking at the gas (stove).
Progressive action with 在.
我闻到了煤气味。
I smelled a gas smell.
Verb + 到了 indicates successful perception.
你要交煤气费了。
You need to pay the gas bill.
要...了 indicates an upcoming necessity.
煤气罐很重。
The gas tank is very heavy.
煤气罐 is a common compound noun.
他去换煤气了。
He went to change the gas (tank).
去 + Verb + 了 indicates an action that has started.
这里的煤气很贵。
The gas here is very expensive.
Adverb 很 modifying an adjective.
别忘了关煤气。
Don't forget to turn off the gas.
别 + Verb + 了 is a negative imperative.
煤气还没来。
The gas hasn't come yet (after a cut-off).
还没 indicates something hasn't happened yet.
用煤气做饭快。
Cooking with gas is fast.
用...做... structure.
这种热水器烧煤气吗?
Does this kind of water heater run on gas?
烧 is used for 'burning' or 'running on' fuel.
煤气管道正在维修。
The gas pipeline is under repair.
正在 indicates an action in progress.
如果煤气泄漏,很危险。
If the gas leaks, it is very dangerous.
If... then... conditional structure.
我们要检查煤气安全。
We need to check gas safety.
Noun + Noun as a compound concept.
煤气公司的人来了。
The person from the gas company has arrived.
Possessive structure without 的 sometimes used in titles.
以前我们用煤气罐。
In the past, we used gas tanks.
以前 indicates past habit.
煤气表在门外面。
The gas meter is outside the door.
Prepositional phrase for location.
他忘了关煤气开关。
He forgot to turn off the gas valve.
Compound noun 煤气开关.
煤气价格最近波动很大。
Gas prices have fluctuated a lot recently.
Subject + Adverb + Verb + Complement.
煤气中毒的案例减少了。
Cases of gas poisoning have decreased.
Resultative verb 减少了.
这栋楼还没通煤气。
This building hasn't been connected to gas yet.
通 is used for connecting utilities.
煤气爆炸造成了损失。
The gas explosion caused losses.
造成 indicates a negative result.
政府正在补贴煤气费。
The government is subsidizing gas bills.
Formal verb 补贴.
煤气的热效率很高。
The thermal efficiency of gas is very high.
Technical term 热效率.
安装煤气报警器很重要。
Installing a gas alarm is very important.
Gerund-like subject: 'Installing...'
请注意煤气的使用规范。
Please pay attention to the gas usage regulations.
Formal request using 请注意.
城市煤气供应面临挑战。
The city's gas supply is facing challenges.
Abstract subject with formal verb 面临.
煤气化技术得到了提升。
Coal gasification technology has been improved.
Passive-style structure 得到了.
该地区煤气资源丰富。
This region is rich in gas resources.
Formal adjective usage 丰富.
煤气与天然气的成分不同。
The composition of coal gas and natural gas is different.
Comparison structure A 与 B ... 不同.
煤气灯曾是主要的照明方式。
Gas lamps were once the main way of lighting.
Historical reference word 曾是.
煤气费的计费标准已经调整。
The gas billing standards have been adjusted.
Complex noun phrase as subject.
加强煤气设施的巡检力度。
Strengthen the inspection intensity of gas facilities.
Formal command structure.
煤气泄漏可能引发火灾。
Gas leaks may trigger fires.
Modal verb 可能 indicating potential.
煤气这一术语在口语中广泛沿用。
The term 'gas' is widely continued in colloquial speech.
Formal explanation of linguistic usage.
煤气产业的转型势在必行。
The transformation of the gas industry is imperative.
Idiomatic expression 势在必行.
煤气中毒事件折射出安全隐患。
Gas poisoning incidents reflect hidden safety hazards.
Metaphorical verb 折射.
煤气管道的铺设需严密监控。
The laying of gas pipes requires strict monitoring.
Formal requirement using 需.
煤气资源的合理配置至关重要。
The rational allocation of gas resources is crucial.
Superlative importance phrase 至关重要.
煤气对工业革命起到了推动作用。
Gas played a promoting role in the Industrial Revolution.
Historical impact phrase 起到了...作用.
煤气安全法律法规日益完善。
Gas safety laws and regulations are becoming more complete day by day.
Adverb 日益 indicating gradual change.
煤气泄露报警系统的普及率极高。
The penetration rate of gas leak alarm systems is extremely high.
Statistical/Technical description.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— To have the gas supply cut off.
明天下午停煤气。
— To have the gas supply connected or restored.
新房子通煤气了。
— To ignite the gas burner.
用打火机点煤气。
— To save or conserve gas.
用小火比较省煤气。
— To inspect the gas meter or system.
有人来查煤气了。
— Another term for a gas cylinder/tank.
煤气瓶没气了。
— The valve or knob for the gas.
关紧煤气开关。
— A gas worker or technician.
煤气工人正在修管道。
— The gas flame.
煤气火是蓝色的。
— To exchange an empty gas tank for a full one.
打电话叫人换煤气。
Often Confused With
Gasoline for cars. Never use 煤气 for a car.
The air we breathe. 煤气 is fuel.
Steam from boiling water.
Idioms & Expressions
— Gaslighting (psychological manipulation).
他在段关系中使用了煤气灯效应。
Modern/Psychological— Like walking on thin ice (can be used for gas safety anxiety).
检查煤气时要如履薄冰。
Literary— Prevent trouble before it happens.
定期检查煤气是防患未然。
Formal— With extreme caution.
他小心翼翼地打开煤气。
Common— Known to every household (like the use of gas).
煤气的使用在城市里家喻户晓。
Formal— Imminent; pressing (like a gas leak).
修理煤气管道迫在眉睫。
Formal— As secure as Mount Tai (safe gas system).
检查完后,心里安如泰山。
Literary— Ready to explode at a touch.
煤气泄漏现场一触即发。
Idiomatic— A steady stream (of gas).
煤气源源不断地供应。
Common— Indispensable.
煤气是生活中不可或缺的。
FormalEasily Confused
Both are used for stoves.
天然气 is natural gas; 煤气 is technically coal gas but used as a general term.
这单子上写的是天然气费。
Both refer to cooking gas.
液化气 is specifically bottled gas (LPG).
我们家还在用液化气罐。
Regional synonym.
Used mainly in Taiwan or by older generations.
瓦斯中毒。
Both are 'gases'.
Oxygen is for breathing; 煤气 is for burning.
医院里有氧气瓶。
Both are 'gases' from machines.
废气 is waste/exhaust; 煤气 is fuel.
汽车排放废气。
Sentence Patterns
请 + Verb + 煤气
请关煤气。
闻到 + 煤气味
我闻到煤气味了。
用 + 煤气 + Verb
用煤气烧水。
Noun + 还没 + 通煤气
这栋楼还没通煤气。
由于 + 煤气泄漏 + Result
由于煤气泄漏,引发了火灾。
煤气... 势在必行
煤气产业的改革势在必行。
煤气 + Adjective
煤气很贵。
去 + 换煤气
他去换煤气了。
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Very common in daily life, less common in high-tech discussions.
-
我闻到了空气味 (Wǒ wéndàole kōngqì wèi)
→
我闻到了煤气味 (Wǒ wéndàole méiqì wèi)
You smell gas, not air, when there is a leak.
-
去加煤气 (Qù jiā méiqì) for a car
→
去加油 (Qù jiāyóu)
Cars take oil/petrol, not coal gas.
-
一个煤气 (Yīgè méiqì)
→
一罐煤气 (Yīguàn méiqì)
Use the correct measure word for a tank.
-
打开煤气 (Dǎkāi méiqì) for a balloon
→
给气球打气 (Gěi qìqiú dǎqì)
煤气 is only for fuel gas.
-
煤气很香 (Méiqì hěn xiāng)
→
煤气很臭/难闻 (Méiqì hěn chòu/nánwén)
Gas has a bad smell added for safety, it's not 'fragrant'.
Tips
Check before leaving
Always check the 煤气灶 (gas stove) before leaving the house to prevent fires.
Context is key
In a restaurant, if the food stops cooking, tell the waiter: '没煤气了' (The gas is out).
Verb pairing
Use '开' (kāi) for on and '关' (guān) for off.
Old vs New
Younger urbanites might say '天然气', but '煤气' is still the king of colloquialisms.
The 'Qi' sound
Smile slightly when saying 'qi' to get the vowel right.
Gas cards
If you have a meter, look for the word '煤气卡' (gas card) to top up your balance.
Yellow Pipes
In China, gas pipes (煤气管) are often painted yellow for safety recognition.
Radical meaning
The 'fire' radical in 煤 reminds you it's for burning.
News keywords
If you hear '煤气' on the news, it's usually about safety or prices.
Easy Link
M-ei = M-ethane (close enough) + Qi = Energy.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of a 'MEY' (May) day where you cook with 'CHEE' (Qi/Energy). Coal (Mei) creates the Gas (Qi).
Visual Association
Imagine a blue flame dancing on a black piece of coal.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to identify every item in your kitchen that uses 煤气 and say the word out loud each time you use the stove.
Word Origin
Derived from the characters '煤' (coal) and '气' (gas/vapor). It originally referred to the gas produced by heating coal in the absence of air.
Original meaning: Coal-derived gas used for lighting and heating in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)Cultural Context
Always handle conversations about gas leaks with seriousness; it is a common safety concern in older neighborhoods.
English speakers often say 'gas' for both stove fuel and car fuel. In Chinese, these are strictly different (煤气 vs 汽油).
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
In the Kitchen
- 开煤气
- 关煤气
- 煤气灶坏了
- 煤气火太小
Paying Bills
- 煤气费
- 交费单
- 煤气表度数
- 欠费停气
Moving House
- 通煤气
- 煤气管道
- 换煤气罐
- 检查煤气
Safety/Emergency
- 煤气泄漏
- 煤气味
- 煤气中毒
- 报警器响了
At a Restaurant
- 换煤气
- 煤气不足
- 点煤气
- 煤气火大
Conversation Starters
"你家是用煤气还是用电做饭?"
"最近煤气费是不是涨价了?"
"你闻到厨房里有煤气味了吗?"
"你知道怎么换煤气罐吗?"
"你们那里的煤气管道安全吗?"
Journal Prompts
描述一次你忘记关煤气的经历。
你认为用煤气做饭和用电磁炉做饭有什么区别?
写一段关于煤气工人在城市中工作的文字。
如果家里突然停了煤气,你会怎么办?
讨论一下煤气安全在日常生活中的重要性。
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsHistorically, yes. It was produced by gasifying coal. Today, most 'gas' in pipes is actually natural gas (methane), but people still call it 煤气 out of habit.
No. Car fuel is 汽油 (qìyóu). 煤气 is only for cooking and heating.
Immediately open windows, do not turn on any lights or electronics, and leave the building. Call the gas company (煤气公司).
In China, most people pay via WeChat, Alipay, or at a local service center using a gas card.
Yes, 瓦斯 (wǎsī) is a synonym used more in Taiwan and some dialects.
It is a heavy metal tank (gas cylinder) used to store gas in homes that don't have piped infrastructure.
It means to turn off the gas valve, usually for safety.
Yes, it is flammable and can cause poisoning if inhaled in large amounts in a closed space.
A blue flame indicates that the 煤气 is burning efficiently with enough oxygen.
No, it's uncountable. Say '一些煤气' (some gas) or '一罐煤气' (one tank of gas).
Test Yourself 180 questions
Translate to Chinese: 'Did you turn off the gas?'
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Translate to Chinese: 'The gas bill is very expensive this month.'
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Write a sentence using '煤气味'.
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Translate to Chinese: 'We need to change the gas tank.'
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Describe a gas stove in Chinese.
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Translate to Chinese: 'Be careful of gas poisoning.'
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Translate: 'The gas company is checking the pipes.'
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Write a safety warning about gas leaks.
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Translate: 'Cooking with gas is better than electricity.'
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Explain what 煤气罐 is in simple Chinese.
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Translate: 'The building will stop gas supply tomorrow.'
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Write a dialogue about paying the gas bill.
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Translate: 'Gas prices are fluctuating.'
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Write a short story about a chef and his gas stove (3 sentences).
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Translate: 'Install a gas alarm for safety.'
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Translate: 'The history of coal gas in Shanghai.'
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Translate: 'Natural gas is cleaner than coal gas.'
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Write a sentence about saving gas.
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Translate: 'The gas meter is broken.'
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Translate: 'A blue gas flame.'
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Pronounce '煤气' (méiqì).
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Say 'Turn off the gas' in Chinese.
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Say 'I smell gas' in Chinese.
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Ask 'Where can I pay the gas bill?'
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Say 'The gas is out' in Chinese.
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Warn someone: 'Don't forget the gas!'
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Say 'This is a gas tank.'
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Explain: 'I use gas to cook.'
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Say 'The gas flame is blue.'
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Ask: 'Is there a gas leak?'
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Say 'The gas company is coming.'
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Say 'I need to check the gas meter.'
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Describe the smell of gas (bad smell).
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Say 'Gas is more expensive than before.'
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Say 'Be careful with the stove.'
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Say 'The gas pipes are yellow.'
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Say 'I forgot to turn off the gas.'
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Say 'We use natural gas.'
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Say 'The gas pressure is low.'
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Say 'Gas safety is very important.'
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Listen to '关煤气' and identify the action.
Listen to '煤气费' and identify the topic.
Listen to '煤气味' and identify the sensation.
Listen to '煤气罐' and identify the object.
Listen to '停煤气' and identify the situation.
Listen to '煤气中毒' and identify the danger.
Listen to '煤气灶' and identify the appliance.
Listen to '换煤气' and identify the task.
Listen to '煤气管道' and identify the infrastructure.
Listen to '煤气爆炸' and identify the event.
Listen to '通煤气' and identify the status.
Listen to '省煤气' and identify the goal.
Listen to '煤气报警器' and identify the device.
Listen to '煤气表' and identify the tool.
Listen to '煤气开关' and identify the part.
Translate: 'The gas has been shut off for safety reasons.'
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Explain '煤气中毒' in your own words.
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/ 180 correct
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Summary
煤气 is the essential word for 'gas' in a domestic context. Whether you are stir-frying on a stove or paying your monthly utilities, this is the word you will use. Example: '关煤气' (Turn off the gas).
- 煤气 (méiqì) means coal gas or natural gas used for cooking and heating in households.
- It is a common CEFR A2 word essential for daily life and home safety conversations.
- Commonly paired with verbs like '开' (turn on), '关' (turn off), and '换' (change/replace).
- While technically 'coal gas', it is colloquially used for all types of domestic fuel gas today.
Check before leaving
Always check the 煤气灶 (gas stove) before leaving the house to prevent fires.
Context is key
In a restaurant, if the food stops cooking, tell the waiter: '没煤气了' (The gas is out).
Verb pairing
Use '开' (kāi) for on and '关' (guān) for off.
Old vs New
Younger urbanites might say '天然气', but '煤气' is still the king of colloquialisms.
Example
煮饭需要煤气或电。