减免 means to reduce or completely waive an amount that is owed, such as taxes or fees.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Reduce or waive fees, taxes, or penalties.
- Often used in financial and legal contexts.
- Can mean partial reduction or full waiver.
Overview
“减免”是一个动词，意为减少或免除。这个词在日常生活中和正式场合都经常使用，尤其是在涉及经济、法律或行政事务时。它可以指减少应付的金额，也可以指完全免除应付的款项。例如，政府可能会对某些行业或人群实行税收减免政策，或者法院可能会对初犯者减轻或免除处罚。
“减免”通常与具体的对象一起使用，如“减免税款”、“减免罚款”、“减免费用”、“减免租金”等。它也可以与“部分”或“全部”连用，表示减免的程度。例如，“部分减免”或“全部减免”。在某些语境下，“减免”也可以单独使用，但通常上下文会很清晰。
**宽限 (kuāngxiàn)**：宽限是指延长支付期限，而不是减少或免除支付的金额。例如，“宽限期”。
“减免”的含义介于“打折”和“免除”之间，它可以是部分减少，也可以是完全免除，但通常比“免除”更具灵活性，比“打折”更可能涉及完全取消。
Examples
由于家庭困难，学校为他提供了部分学费减免。
everydayDue to family hardship, the school offered him a partial tuition waiver.
政府出台了新的税收优惠政策，旨在对小微企业进行税收减免。
formalThe government introduced new tax preferential policies aimed at providing tax reductions for small and micro enterprises.
老板说这个月生意不好，我们可以跟房东商量一下房租减免。
informalThe boss said business is slow this month, we can discuss a rent reduction with the landlord.
在特定条件下，对于符合规定的科研项目，可以申请科研经费的减免。
academicUnder specific conditions, applications can be made for the reduction or waiver of research funding for compliant research projects.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
减免税收
Tax reduction/waiver
减免学费
Tuition reduction/waiver
减免罚款
Fine reduction/waiver
Often Confused With
'打折' specifically means a percentage discount off the original price, usually less than a full waiver. '减免' can include discounts but also implies a possibility of a complete waiver.
'免除' means to completely exempt someone from an obligation or duty. '减免' is broader and can mean either a reduction or a complete exemption.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term '减免' is commonly used in official documents, legal contexts, and financial discussions. It can be used formally to describe government policies or business practices. While it can sometimes be used in informal conversation, it's more frequent in contexts where specific financial or legal obligations are being discussed.
Common Mistakes
Avoid using '减免' to describe general price reductions like sales; '打折' is more appropriate for that. Also, ensure clarity on whether it's a partial reduction or a full waiver, as '减免' covers both possibilities. Do not confuse it with extending payment deadlines, which is '宽限'.
Tips
Understand the scope of reduction
Remember that '减免' can imply a partial reduction or a complete waiver of an obligation.
Distinguish from discounts
While '打折' (discount) also reduces price, '减免' often implies a more significant reduction or a complete removal of the charge, especially in official contexts.
Governmental policies
Policies involving '减免' (like tax or fee reductions) are common tools governments use to stimulate the economy or support specific groups.
Word Origin
The word '减免' is a compound word formed by '减' (jiǎn), meaning 'to reduce' or 'subtract', and '免' (miǎn), meaning 'to exempt', 'waive', or 'avoid'. Together, they clearly convey the meaning of reducing or completely waiving an obligation.
Cultural Context
In many cultures, governments offer tax '减免' (reductions or waivers) as incentives for businesses to invest, create jobs, or engage in socially beneficial activities. Similarly, educational institutions may offer tuition '减免' to attract talented students or assist those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Memory Tip
Think of '减' (reduce) and '免' (exempt/waive) as two tools. You can use them together to either 'reduce' what you owe or 'exempt' yourself from paying it altogether.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“减免”可以指减少一部分金额，也可以指完全免除。而“打折”通常只是在原价基础上减少一部分，很少会完全免除。
通常在涉及税收、罚款、费用、租金等应付金额的场合。例如，政府可能会减免税收，或者公司可能会减免部分租金。
“减免”通常用于指减少或免除应付的款项或处罚，而不是直接用于人。但可以说“对某人进行减免”，指对他/她应付的款项进行减免。
“减免”主要用作动词，表示“减少或免除”的动作。在某些语境下，也可以指代“减免的动作或结果”，这时可视为名词性用法，但动词用法更常见。
Test Yourself
政府为了鼓励新能源汽车，对购买者实行了税收______。
这里指的是减少应缴的税款，符合“减免”的含义。
下列哪个句子中“减免”的使用不恰当？
“减免”通常用于指减少或免除费用、税款、处罚等，不适用于抽象的观点。
请用“减免，部分，罚款，可以，情况”组成句子。
这个句子结构完整，意思清晰，符合“减免”的用法。
Score: /3
Summary
减免 means to reduce or completely waive an amount that is owed, such as taxes or fees.
- Reduce or waive fees, taxes, or penalties.
- Often used in financial and legal contexts.
- Can mean partial reduction or full waiver.
Understand the scope of reduction
Remember that '减免' can imply a partial reduction or a complete waiver of an obligation.
Distinguish from discounts
While '打折' (discount) also reduces price, '减免' often implies a more significant reduction or a complete removal of the charge, especially in official contexts.
Governmental policies
Policies involving '减免' (like tax or fee reductions) are common tools governments use to stimulate the economy or support specific groups.
Examples
4 of 4由于家庭困难，学校为他提供了部分学费减免。
Due to family hardship, the school offered him a partial tuition waiver.
政府出台了新的税收优惠政策，旨在对小微企业进行税收减免。
The government introduced new tax preferential policies aimed at providing tax reductions for small and micro enterprises.
老板说这个月生意不好，我们可以跟房东商量一下房租减免。
The boss said business is slow this month, we can discuss a rent reduction with the landlord.
在特定条件下，对于符合规定的科研项目，可以申请科研经费的减免。
Under specific conditions, applications can be made for the reduction or waiver of research funding for compliant research projects.
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