修订 in 30 Seconds
- A verb meaning to revise and improve.
- Used for formal documents, laws, plans, and academic work.
- Implies a thorough review and systematic changes for betterment.
- More than just editing; it's about significant enhancement.
This book has been 修订 multiple times to include the latest research.
- Context
- Academic papers, legal documents, software manuals, policy documents, literary works.
- Nuance
- Implies a careful and systematic review with the goal of improvement, rather than a superficial edit.
- Action
- Involves examining existing content and making changes to enhance it.
The committee decided to 修订 the company's internal policies.
- Subject-Verb-Object
- The author will 修订 the manuscript before submission.
- Passive Voice
- The draft proposal was 修订 by the legal team.
- With Adverbs
- We need to carefully 修订 the budget to reflect the new economic conditions.
The government announced that it would 修订 the tax laws next year.
- Academic Context
- Professors often ask students to 修订 their essays based on feedback.
- Legal Context
- Lawyers 修订 contracts to ensure legal compliance.
- Professional Settings
- Companies may 修订 their policies or strategic plans.
You should 修订 your essay thoroughly, not just change a few words.
- Overuse in Informal Contexts
- Using 修订 for minor, casual changes where '修改' would be more appropriate.
- Confusing with Editing
- Mistaking 修订 for simple 'editing' (编辑), which is often less about fundamental improvement and more about formatting or minor corrections.
- Grammatical Errors
- Incorrectly using 修订 as a noun in contexts where a verb is needed, or vice-versa.
- 修改 (xiūgǎi)
- This is a more general term for 'to modify,' 'to change,' or 'to amend.' It can be used for both minor and major alterations. 修订 is a type of '修改' but implies a more thorough, systematic, and often formal process of review and improvement, especially for written works, laws, or plans. You would '修改' a sentence, but you would '修订' a book or a legal document.
- 编辑 (biānjí)
- This means 'to edit.' Editing typically involves correcting errors, improving clarity, and ensuring consistency, often within the existing structure. 修订 goes further; it suggests making substantial changes to improve the content, structure, or accuracy, often as a result of review or feedback. An editor performs '编辑,' while an author or committee might '修订' the work.
- 润色 (rùnsè)
- This means 'to polish' or 'to retouch.' It's about making something more refined, elegant, or appealing, often focusing on style and language. While part of improving a work, '润色' is less about substantive changes and more about enhancing the presentation. 修订 can include '润色,' but it also encompasses more fundamental revisions.
- 更正 (gēngzhèng)
- This specifically means 'to correct' an error or mistake. It's a subset of making changes. 修订 can involve '更正,' but it's a broader term encompassing improvements beyond just fixing mistakes. You would '更正' a factual error, but you would '修订' a chapter to incorporate new findings.
The author decided to 修订 the novel, not just edit it.
How Formal Is It?
Fun Fact
The character '修' itself has a long history, appearing in ancient texts related to building and repairing structures, reflecting the idea of making something sound and complete. The character '订' carries the sense of setting something down or establishing it, making the act of '订' a formal process of refinement.
Pronunciation Guide
Difficulty Rating
CEFR B1 level. Understanding <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> requires recognizing its formal context and the implication of thorough improvement, distinguishing it from simpler terms like '修改'.
CEFR B1 level. Correctly using <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> in writing involves choosing appropriate contexts (formal documents, academic work) and understanding its nuance compared to other verbs for 'change' or 'edit'.
CEFR B1 level. When speaking, learners should aim to use <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> in situations where a formal revision is being discussed, such as academic or professional contexts.
CEFR B1 level. Recognizing <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> in spoken language requires attention to the context, which will likely be formal or semi-formal, indicating a discussion about improving documents, laws, or plans.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
The use of passive voice with '被' (bèi) when the object is the focus of the revision.
这份报告被仔细修订了。 (This report was carefully revised.)
Using aspect particles like '了' (le) to indicate completion of the revision.
我们已经修订了合同。 (We have already revised the contract.)
Using adverbs like '仔细' (zǐxì - carefully) or '全面' (quánmiàn - comprehensively) to modify the verb '修订'.
请全面修订这份文件。 (Please revise this document comprehensively.)
Using '对...进行修订' (duì...jìnxíng xiūdìng) structure for formal revisions.
专家对标准进行修订。 (Experts are carrying out revisions on the standards.)
Using '需要' (xūyào - need to) or '必须' (bìxū - must) before '修订' to express necessity.
这个计划必须修订。 (This plan must be revised.)
Examples by Level
我们需要修订这份合同，因为里面的条款不清楚。
We need to revise this contract because the terms inside are unclear.
The verb 修订 is used here to indicate a formal process of amending a legal document.
老师要求我们修订论文，加入更多的研究证据。
The teacher asked us to revise the thesis and add more research evidence.
修订 is used in an academic context, implying a substantial improvement of the paper.
公司决定修订年度计划，以适应市场变化。
The company decided to revise the annual plan to adapt to market changes.
This sentence shows 修订 being used for a strategic business document.
这本书已经修订了三次，内容更加完善。
This book has been revised three times, and the content is more complete.
The passive voice is used here, with 修订 indicating the action performed on the book.
我们需要修订用户手册，因为新功能已经上线。
We need to revise the user manual because new features have been launched.
修订 is appropriate here for updating technical documentation.
政府正在修订相关法律法规。
The government is revising relevant laws and regulations.
This demonstrates the use of 修订 in a governmental and legal context.
请仔细修订你的报告，确保所有数据都是准确的。
Please carefully revise your report to ensure all data is accurate.
The adverb 'carefully' (仔细) emphasizes the thorough nature of the revision implied by 修订.
在修订过程中，我们发现了一些可以改进的地方。
During the revision process, we found some areas that could be improved.
修订 is used here to refer to the process itself.
该剧本修订了多次，以达到最佳的艺术效果。
The script was revised multiple times to achieve the best artistic effect.
Here, 修订 is used in the context of creative arts, emphasizing the pursuit of excellence.
专家们正在修订国际标准，以适应新的技术发展。
Experts are revising international standards to adapt to new technological developments.
This highlights the use of 修订 for global standards and technical advancements.
我们必须修订我们的战略，否则将难以在竞争中生存。
We must revise our strategy, otherwise it will be difficult to survive in the competition.
修订 is used here to emphasize the critical need for strategic adaptation.
这份报告的修订版本将会在下周发布。
The revised version of this report will be released next week.
Here, 修订 is used attributively, modifying 'version' (版本).
由于技术原因，原计划需要修订。
Due to technical reasons, the original plan needs to be revised.
This shows 修订 in response to external factors like technical issues.
他花了几个月的时间修订他的博士论文。
He spent several months revising his doctoral dissertation.
The duration ('several months') emphasizes the effort involved in the 修订 process.
立法者们正在修订一项新的环境保护法。
Lawmakers are revising a new environmental protection law.
This illustrates 修订 in the context of significant legislative action.
我们需要对这份商业提案进行修订，使其更具说服力。
We need to revise this business proposal to make it more persuasive.
修订 is used here with the goal of enhancing persuasiveness.
经过多次修订，这部史学著作终于达到了学术界的严苛标准。
After multiple revisions, this historical work finally met the rigorous standards of academia.
The phrase 'academic standards' (学术界的严苛标准) reinforces the formal and rigorous nature of 修订.
该公司的章程修订旨在提升公司治理的透明度。
The revision of the company's articles of association aims to enhance the transparency of corporate governance.
修订 is used here in the context of corporate governance and transparency.
艺术家们对雕塑进行了精心的修订，使其更具动感和表现力。
The artists meticulously revised the sculpture, making it more dynamic and expressive.
This example shows 修订 applied to a physical artwork, emphasizing meticulous refinement.
随着科学技术的飞速发展，教科书的修订工作刻不容缓。
With the rapid development of science and technology, the revision of textbooks is urgent.
修订 is presented as an urgent necessity due to progress.
合同的修订过程耗时且复杂，需要各方达成一致。
The process of revising the contract is time-consuming and complex, requiring agreement from all parties.
This sentence highlights the complexity and collaborative nature often associated with 修订 of important documents.
为了应对全球气候变化，联合国正在修订相关的国际协议。
To address global climate change, the United Nations is revising related international agreements.
修订 is used in a high-level international context concerning global issues.
这部小说的修订版本在叙事结构上进行了重大的调整。
The revised version of this novel involved significant adjustments to the narrative structure.
This example emphasizes that 修订 can involve fundamental structural modifications.
在修订政策时，必须充分考虑其对社会各方面的影响。
When revising policies, their impact on various aspects of society must be fully considered.
This shows the careful consideration required for policy 修订.
该学术期刊的编辑委员会对投稿论文的修订提出了极其严格的要求。
The editorial board of the academic journal has set extremely strict requirements for the revision of submitted papers.
This sentence emphasizes the rigorous and demanding nature of 修订 in top-tier academic publishing.
法典的修订工作是一项复杂的系统工程，涉及多学科的专家协作。
The revision of the legal code is a complex systemic project involving the collaborative efforts of multidisciplinary experts.
修订 is described as a 'complex systemic project' (复杂的系统工程), highlighting its scope and intricacy.
对于一部文学巨著的修订，译者必须在忠实原文与适应目标读者之间寻求微妙的平衡。
For the revision of a literary masterpiece, the translator must seek a delicate balance between fidelity to the original text and adaptation for the target audience.
This illustrates the nuanced challenges of 修订 in literary translation, involving delicate balancing acts.
在修订公司战略的过程中，管理层需要预见并规避潜在的市场风险。
In the process of revising the company strategy, management needs to foresee and mitigate potential market risks.
修订 here is framed as a proactive measure involving risk assessment and mitigation.
技术标准的修订往往需要数年时间，涉及全球范围内的广泛协商。
The revision of technical standards often takes several years, involving extensive global consultations.
This highlights the long-term and global nature of 修订 for technical standards.
政策制定者们在修订社会福利体系时，面临着经济可行性和社会公平的双重考量。
Policymakers, when revising the social welfare system, face dual considerations of economic feasibility and social equity.
修订 in this context involves complex trade-offs between economic and social factors.
艺术家对这幅画的修订不仅仅是技法的提升，更是对其艺术理念的深刻阐释。
The artist's revision of this painting is not merely an improvement in technique, but a profound interpretation of their artistic philosophy.
This emphasizes that 修订 can be an expression of artistic philosophy, not just technical skill.
鉴于不断变化的国际形势，对国家安全战略的修订势在必行。
Given the evolving international situation, the revision of national security strategy is imperative.
修订 is presented as an imperative action in response to a volatile global environment.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
— Please revise it a bit.
This is a polite request for someone to make changes or improvements to a document or plan.
— Needs revision.
This indicates that something is not satisfactory and requires changes or improvements.
— Revised.
This is a status update indicating that the revision process has been completed.
— Undergoing revision / Being revised.
This means the revision process is currently in progress.
— To revise...
This is a common structure to specify what is being revised, e.g., '对合同进行修订' (to revise the contract).
— After revision.
This phrase is used to refer to the state of something after changes have been made, e.g., '经过修订的版本' (the revised version).
— Complete revision.
This signifies the successful conclusion of the revision process.
— Draft revision.
This refers to the process of revising an initial draft of a document.
— Policy revision.
This phrase is commonly used in governmental and organizational contexts.
Often Confused With
This is a general term for 'to change' or 'to modify.' 修订 implies a more thorough, systematic review and improvement, often in formal contexts.
This means 'to edit.' Editing focuses on correcting errors and improving flow, while 修订 suggests more substantial changes to improve content or structure.
This means 'to polish' and focuses on stylistic refinement. 修订 involves more fundamental improvements beyond just style.
Easily Confused
Both verbs indicate making changes to something.
<strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> (xiūdìng) implies a more formal, thorough, and systematic process of reviewing and improving a document, law, or plan. It suggests substantial changes aimed at enhancement. '修改' (xiūgǎi) is a more general term for 'to modify' or 'to change,' and can be used for both minor and major alterations, in both formal and informal contexts. For instance, you might '修改' a sentence for clarity, but you would '修订' an entire chapter of a book or a legal contract.
他<ruby>修改<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūgǎi</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了地址。 (He changed the address - minor, general change.) vs. 专家<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了科学标准。 (Experts revised the scientific standards - formal, thorough improvement.)
Both involve working with written material to improve it.
'编辑' (biānjí) means 'to edit.' Editing typically involves correcting errors, improving grammar, punctuation, clarity, and ensuring consistency within the existing framework of a text. It's often done by an editor. <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> (xiūdìng) is a broader term that implies making more significant changes, possibly to the content, structure, or argument, with the goal of a substantial improvement or amendment. An author might '修订' their own work based on feedback, which could include editing but also deeper revisions.
编辑<ruby>修改<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūgǎi</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了文章的语法。 (The editor corrected the article's grammar.) vs. 作者<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了小说的情节。 (The author revised the novel's plot.)
Both aim to improve a piece of writing.
'润色' (rùnsè) means 'to polish' or 'to retouch.' It focuses on refining the language, style, and aesthetic appeal of a text, making it more elegant, engaging, or persuasive without necessarily altering the core content or structure. <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> (xiūdìng) involves more fundamental changes, which might include substantial revisions to the content, argument, or structure, aiming for accuracy, completeness, or compliance, not just stylistic enhancement.
他<ruby>润色<rp>(</rp><rt>rùnsè</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了他的演讲稿，使其更具感染力。 (He polished his speech draft to make it more impactful.) vs. 我们需要<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>这份商业计划，加入新的市场分析。 (We need to revise this business plan by adding new market analysis.)
Both involve fixing something that is wrong.
'更正' (gēngzhèng) specifically means 'to correct' an error, mistake, or inaccuracy. It's about rectifying something that is factually wrong or misleading. <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> (xiūdìng) is a broader term that encompasses correction but also includes making improvements, amendments, or additions to enhance the overall quality or relevance of a document, law, or plan. You would '更正' a typo, but you would '修订' a chapter to include new research findings.
报纸<ruby>更正<rp>(</rp><rt>gēngzhèng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了昨天报道中的错误。 (The newspaper corrected the error in yesterday's report.) vs. 学术界<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了研究指南。 (The academic community revised the research guidelines.)
Both involve making changes.
'调整' (tiáozhěng) means 'to adjust' or 'to adapt.' It refers to making changes to fit new circumstances, requirements, or to achieve a better balance. It can be a minor tweak or a more significant modification. <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> (xiūdìng) specifically implies a formal process of review and amendment for improvement, particularly of written works, laws, or plans. While an adjustment might be part of a revision, <strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> suggests a more comprehensive and deliberate effort to enhance.
我们需要<ruby>调整<rp>(</rp><rt>tiáozhěng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>一下会议时间。 (We need to adjust the meeting time.) vs. 公司<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了其市场战略。 (The company revised its market strategy.)
Sentence Patterns
Subject + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + Object
他<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了这本字典。
Object + <ruby>被<rp>(</rp><rt>bèi</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>
这份文件<ruby>被<rp>(</rp><rt>bèi</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了。
<ruby>需要<rp>(</rp><rt>xūyào</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>/<ruby>必须<rp>(</rp><rt>bìxū</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>
我们的计划<ruby>需要<rp>(</rp><rt>xūyào</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
Subject + <ruby>对<rp>(</rp><rt>duì</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + Object + <ruby>进行<rp>(</rp><rt>jìnxíng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>
专家<ruby>对<rp>(</rp><rt>duì</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>标准<ruby>进行<rp>(</rp><rt>jìnxíng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
<ruby>经过<rp>(</rp><rt>jīngguò</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + 的 + Object
<ruby>经过<rp>(</rp><rt>jīngguò</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>的<ruby>版本<rp>(</rp><rt>bǎnběn</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
Subject + <ruby>仔细<rp>(</rp><rt>zǐxì</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>/<ruby>全面<rp>(</rp><rt>quánmiàn</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + Object
他<ruby>仔细<rp>(</rp><rt>zǐxì</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了报告。
Object + <ruby>的<rp>(</rp><rt>de</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>旨在<rp>(</rp><rt>zhǐzài</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + Goal
法律<ruby>的<rp>(</rp><rt>de</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>旨在<rp>(</rp><rt>zhǐzài</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>提高效率。
Infinitive Phrase + <ruby>是<rp>(</rp><rt>shì</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + <ruby>复杂<rp>(</rp><rt>fùzá</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>/<ruby>重要<rp>(</rp><rt>zhòngyào</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + 的 + <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby> + Process
<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>草案<ruby>是<rp>(</rp><rt>shì</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>一个<ruby>复杂<rp>(</rp><rt>fùzá</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>的<ruby>过程<rp>(</rp><rt>guòchéng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Related
How to Use It
Medium-High in formal contexts.
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Using '修订' for minor, casual changes.
→
Use '修改' (xiūgǎi) for general or minor modifications.
<strong class='font-semibold text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>修订</strong> (xiūdìng) implies a formal, thorough review and improvement process, typically for official documents, laws, or academic works. For example, changing a few words in an email should be '修改,' not '修订.'
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Confusing '修订' with '编辑' (biānjí - to edit).
→
'编辑' (biānjí) is for correcting errors and improving flow; '修订' (xiūdìng) involves more substantial content or structural changes for improvement.
Editing focuses on refining existing text, while revising implies making more significant changes to content or structure. An author might '修订' their thesis, which could involve editing, but also adding new research or restructuring arguments.
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Using '修订' in informal spoken language.
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Reserve '修订' for formal or semi-formal discussions about official documents, academic work, or plans.
In casual conversation, using '修订' can sound overly formal or stiff. For instance, when talking about changing your personal schedule, '调整' (tiáozhěng - adjust) or '修改' is more natural than '修订.'
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Not differentiating the degree of change.
→
Understand that '修订' signifies a significant improvement or amendment, not just a superficial alteration.
If the changes are minimal or only cosmetic, '修改' or '润色' (rùnsè - to polish) might be more suitable. '修订' should be reserved for instances where the work is being substantially improved or amended.
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Grammatical errors in sentence structure.
→
Ensure correct placement of the verb and appropriate use of particles like '了' (le) or passive markers like '被' (bèi).
Common errors include incorrect word order or misuse of aspect particles. For example, '他修订了报告' (He revised the report) is correct, while omitting '了' might imply an ongoing or habitual action depending on context.
Tips
Distinguish from '修改'
While '修改' (xiūgǎi) means to change or modify, 修订 (xiūdìng) implies a more thorough, systematic process of review and improvement. Think of '修改' as a general change, and '修订' as a substantial revision for betterment.
Focus on Improvement
The core meaning of 修订 (xiūdìng) is to examine and improve. When you use this word, ensure the context implies that the changes made are intended to enhance the quality, accuracy, or effectiveness of the original material.
Verb or Noun Usage
修订 (xiūdìng) primarily functions as a verb. However, it can also be used as a noun to mean 'revision' or 'amendment.' Pay attention to sentence structure to use it correctly in either form, often in compound words like '修订稿' (revised draft) or '修订本' (revised edition).
Legal and Academic Domains
You will frequently encounter 修订 (xiūdìng) in discussions about laws, regulations, contracts, and academic theses or papers. Recognizing these domains will help you anticipate and understand its usage.
Beyond Simple Editing
修订 (xiūdìng) is more than just editing (编辑). It suggests a deeper level of engagement with the material, potentially involving restructuring, adding new content, or fundamentally rethinking aspects of the original work.
Connect to 'Repair' and 'Order'
Break down the characters: '修' (xiū) means to repair or mend, and '订' (dìng) means to revise or order. This connection helps remember that 修订 (xiūdìng) is about fixing and ordering things through formal revision.
Use in Sentences
Actively try to construct sentences using 修订 (xiūdìng) in contexts related to formal documents or academic work. This will solidify your understanding and usage.
Diligence and Precision
The emphasis on 修订 (xiūdìng) reflects cultural values of diligence, precision, and respect for established knowledge and governance. It signifies a commitment to quality and accuracy.
Clear Syllables
Practice pronouncing 修订 (xiūdìng) with clear separation between the two syllables, 'xiū' and 'dìng,' and paying attention to the rising tone on 'dìng'.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Imagine someone 'shee'-ing (xiū) a document and then 'ding'-ing (dìng) it with a hammer to fix it. Or, think of 'shee'-ing the text and then 'ding'-ing the changes into place. The 'ding' sound can represent the finality and precision of the revision.
Visual Association
Picture a meticulous librarian or scholar carefully going through a very old book with a magnifying glass and a pen, making careful annotations and corrections. The scene should convey a sense of thoroughness and respect for the document.
Word Web
Challenge
Try to explain the difference between '修改' and '修订' to someone using examples from your own life, like revising a personal goal versus just changing a minor detail.
Word Origin
The word 修订 is composed of two characters. '修' (xiū) means to repair, mend, or cultivate, and also implies making something better or more orderly. '订' (dìng) means to order, subscribe, or revise. Together, they form a meaning of carefully reviewing and improving something, often in a formal context.
Original meaning: The combination suggests a process of mending or ordering ('修') through careful review and correction ('订').
Sino-TibetanCultural Context
The term 修订 should be used when referring to formal processes of improvement or amendment, especially in academic, legal, and governmental contexts. Avoid using it for casual changes to personal items or informal communications.
In English, 'revise' and 'amend' are close equivalents, but 修订 carries a slightly more formal and systematic connotation, often implying a significant overhaul rather than minor edits.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Academic Writing
- 请<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>论文。
- 经过<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>的<ruby>版本<rp>(</rp><rt>bǎnběn</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
- 作者<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>了研究报告。
Legal Documents
- <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>合同。
- <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>法律。
- 合同<ruby>被<rp>(</rp><rt>bèi</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
Business Plans
- <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>商业计划。
- 年度计划<ruby>需要<rp>(</rp><rt>xūyào</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
- 我们<ruby>正在<rp>(</rp><rt>zhèngzài</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>战略。
Technical Documentation
- <ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>用户手册。
- 请<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>技术文档。
- 新<ruby>版本<rp>(</rp><rt>bǎnběn</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>需要<rp>(</rp><rt>xūyào</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
Policy Making
- 政府<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>政策。
- 法规<ruby>需要<rp>(</rp><rt>xūyào</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby><ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
- 对<ruby>政策<rp>(</rp><rt>zhèngcè</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>进行<ruby>修订<rp>(</rp><rt>xiūdìng</rt><rp>)</rp></ruby>。
Conversation Starters
"Have you ever had to revise a major document for work or school? What was the process like?"
"When you read a book or watch a movie, do you ever think about how many times the script or story might have been revised?"
"What do you think are the most important things to consider when revising a legal document?"
"In your opinion, what makes a revision process successful?"
"Can you think of a time when revising something significantly improved its outcome?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a situation where you had to revise a significant piece of work. What challenges did you face, and how did you overcome them?
Reflect on the difference between simply 'changing' something and truly 'revising' it. Provide examples.
Imagine you are tasked with revising an important document for your community. What would be your approach?
How does the concept of 'revision' apply to personal growth or self-improvement?
Discuss the importance of revision in the context of learning a new language. What aspects might need to be revised as you progress?
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questions'修订' (xiūdìng) implies a more formal, thorough, and systematic process of reviewing and improving a document, law, or plan. It suggests substantial changes aimed at enhancement. '修改' (xiūgǎi) is a more general term for 'to modify' or 'to change,' and can be used for both minor and major alterations in formal and informal contexts. Think of '修订' as a deep revision for improvement, while '修改' is a general change.
'编辑' (biānjí) means 'to edit,' which usually involves correcting errors, improving flow, and ensuring consistency, often by an editor. '修订' (xiūdìng) implies making more significant changes, possibly to the content, structure, or argument, with the goal of substantial improvement or amendment. An author might '修订' their own work, which could include editing but also deeper revisions.
Generally, no. '修订' (xiūdìng) is typically used for formal documents, laws, academic papers, or plans where a thorough review and improvement are involved. For casual changes, like altering a recipe or changing a few words in an email, '修改' (xiūgǎi) is more appropriate.
Commonly '修订' (xiūdìng) is used for legal documents (laws, contracts), academic works (theses, research papers), official reports, business plans, technical manuals, and strategic policies. These are all areas where accuracy, completeness, and quality are paramount.
The intention behind '修订' (xiūdìng) is always to improve or amend for the better, whether that means making it more accurate, clearer, more comprehensive, or more up-to-date. While a revision might sometimes have unintended consequences, the goal is typically enhancement.
Yes, you can use '修订' (xiūdìng) as a noun, meaning 'revision' or 'amendment.' For example, '这份修订很重要。' (This revision is important.) You can also use compound nouns like '修订稿' (xiūdìng gǎo - revised draft) or '修订本' (xiūdìng běn - revised edition).
Consider the scope and purpose. If it's a minor tweak, a simple change of wording, or adapting something for a different context, '修改' is likely. If it involves a careful review, significant improvements, corrections to inaccuracies, or updates to content/structure with a goal of enhancing quality, especially in formal settings, then '修订' is the better choice.
The process usually involves reviewing the existing material, identifying areas for improvement or correction, making the necessary changes, and then often having it reviewed by others. It's a deliberate and often iterative process aimed at producing a superior final version.
Yes, it can be used for software documentation or even for major updates to the software itself that involve significant changes and improvements. For instance, '我们修订了软件的用户界面。' (We revised the software's user interface.)
'更新' (gēngxīn) means 'to update' or 'to renew.' It implies making something current or bringing it up to date, often by adding new information or replacing old. '修订' (xiūdìng) is more about improving and amending an existing text or plan through careful review, which might include updating but also involves more fundamental changes for enhancement.
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Summary
Revisar y mejorar formalmente un documento, ley o plan, implicando un proceso de examen y enmienda para elevar su calidad y precisión.
- A verb meaning to revise and improve.
- Used for formal documents, laws, plans, and academic work.
- Implies a thorough review and systematic changes for betterment.
- More than just editing; it's about significant enhancement.
Formal Context is Key
Always remember that 修订 (xiūdìng) is a formal verb. It's best suited for official documents, academic papers, legal texts, and strategic plans. Using it in casual conversation or for minor personal edits might sound overly formal or even inappropriate.
Distinguish from '修改'
While '修改' (xiūgǎi) means to change or modify, 修订 (xiūdìng) implies a more thorough, systematic process of review and improvement. Think of '修改' as a general change, and '修订' as a substantial revision for betterment.
Focus on Improvement
The core meaning of 修订 (xiūdìng) is to examine and improve. When you use this word, ensure the context implies that the changes made are intended to enhance the quality, accuracy, or effectiveness of the original material.
Verb or Noun Usage
修订 (xiūdìng) primarily functions as a verb. However, it can also be used as a noun to mean 'revision' or 'amendment.' Pay attention to sentence structure to use it correctly in either form, often in compound words like '修订稿' (revised draft) or '修订本' (revised edition).
Example
这本教材已经修订了三次。
Related Content
More academic words
缺席
B1The state of being absent from a place or event where one is expected to be, such as a class, meeting, or ceremony.
抽象的
A2Abstract.
抽象地
B1In an abstract manner; conceptually.
艰深
B1Profound; abstruse; recondite.
学术性
A2Academic; scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学术化
B1Academic; characterized by formal study or research.
学术会议
A2Academic conference; a formal meeting for academic discussions.
学术交流
B1Exchange of ideas, information, and research among scholars.
学术期刊
B1A periodical publication containing scholarly articles.
教务处
A2Academic affairs office; department handling educational administration.
