Use '故此' in formal writing to indicate a conclusion drawn from a preceding reason.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Formal conjunction meaning 'therefore' or 'for this reason'.
- Connects cause and effect in written Chinese.
- Used in formal contexts like reports and academic writing.
Overview
故此（gù cǐ）是一个书面语中常用的连词，意为“因此”、“所以”。它连接前后两个分句，表明后者是前者的必然结果或推论。这个词语带有一定的正式色彩，在口语中相对少见，但在正式的书面报告、论文、公文或文学作品中则较为常见。
故此通常用在句子的开头，或者在连接两个分句时放在第二个分句的开头。它强调的是一种逻辑上的因果关系，即“因为前面说的情况，所以导致了后面的结果”。其结构可以理解为：[原因/情况]，故此，[结果/结论]。例如：天气恶劣，故此比赛延期举行。他学习非常刻苦，故此成绩一直名列前茅。
故此常见于以下语境：
**正式演讲**：在一些非常正式的演讲场合，为了体现语言的严谨性和正式性，也可能使用故此。
故此与“因此”、“所以”、“因而”、“由此”等词语意思相近，都可以表示因果关系。但它们在使用上存在细微差别：
- 因此 (yīn cǐ)：比“故此”更常用，口语和书面语都适用，语气相对中性。
- 所以 (suǒ yǐ)：最常用，口语和书面语都广泛使用，语气也比较中性。
- 因而 (yīn ér)：也多用于书面语，连接性比“因此”稍强，有时带有转折或递进的意味。
- 由此 (yóu cǐ)：侧重于从某个“点”或“情况”出发，引申出后面的结果，常用于表示“从这（些）情况来看”。
“故此”相比之下，更显书面化和正式，有时也带有一点强调“正是因为这个原因”的意味。
Examples
近期雨水充沛，故此农作物长势喜人。
formalRecently, rainfall has been abundant; therefore, the crops are growing luxuriantly.
他年事已高，身体欠佳，故此决定提前退休。
formalHe is advanced in age and in poor health; for this reason, he decided to retire early.
会议材料已发至各位邮箱，故此请大家提前审阅。
formalThe meeting materials have been sent to everyone's inbox, hence please review them in advance.
该地区地质构造复杂，故此勘探难度极大。
academicThe geological structure of this region is complex; consequently, the exploration difficulty is extremely high.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
鉴于此，故此...
In view of this, therefore...
事情是这样的，故此...
The situation is like this, hence...
Often Confused With
'因此' is a more general and common conjunction for 'therefore' or 'thus', suitable for both spoken and written Chinese. '故此' is more formal and predominantly used in written contexts.
'所以' is the most common word for 'so' or 'therefore', widely used in both spoken and written language. '故此' is significantly more formal and less frequent in everyday speech.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
1. '故此' is a formal conjunction used primarily in written Chinese. 2. It indicates a logical consequence or conclusion based on a preceding reason or condition. 3. Avoid using it in casual conversation as it may sound archaic or overly stiff.
Common Mistakes
1. Using '故此' in informal spoken contexts where '所以' or '因此' would be more natural. 2. Placing '故此' incorrectly within the sentence structure; it typically introduces the result clause. 3. Confusing its formal register with that of everyday conjunctions.
Tips
Emphasize formal cause and effect
Use '故此' when you need to formally state a reason leading to a specific outcome in writing.
Avoid in casual conversation
Using '故此' in everyday spoken Chinese can sound overly formal or even archaic.
Reflects traditional written style
The use of '故此' is characteristic of classical Chinese prose and formal modern writing, conveying a sense of gravity and precision.
Word Origin
The word '故此' originates from classical Chinese. '故' means 'reason', 'cause', or 'former', and '此' means 'this'. Together, they form a compound conjunction meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore', emphasizing the causal link.
Cultural Context
The use of '故此' reflects a preference for precise and formal language in traditional Chinese scholarship and official communication, valuing clarity and logical structure.
Memory Tip
Think of '故' (ancient/reason) and '此' (this) together as 'for this ancient reason', signaling a formal, established link between cause and effect.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“故此”比“所以”更正式，多用于书面语。 “所以”则口语和书面语都常用，适用范围更广。
在非常正式的场合或为了模仿古文语感，偶尔可以在口语中使用。但一般情况下，口语中更倾向于使用“所以”或“因此”。
“故此”连接的是因果关系。它表明后面的分句是前面分句所述原因所导致的结果或推论。
通常放在表示结果的分句的开头，用来引出结论。例如：“天气寒冷，故此我们取消了户外活动。”
Test Yourself
他准备不足，______未能通过考试。
句子的前半部分“他准备不足”是原因，后半部分“未能通过考试”是结果，故此最适合连接这种因果关系，且符合书面语的语境。
公司业绩下滑，______需要进行结构性改革。
这是一个正式的书面语境（公司报告），描述了业绩下滑（原因）导致需要改革（结果），“故此”比“所以”更显正式和恰当。
请用“故此”和以下信息构建一个句子：原因 - 证据确凿；结果 - 必须判处有罪。
这个选项清晰地表达了“证据确凿”（原因）导致“必须判处有罪”（结果）的逻辑关系，并且“故此”用在结果分句的开头，符合其用法。
Score: /3
Summary
Use '故此' in formal writing to indicate a conclusion drawn from a preceding reason.
- Formal conjunction meaning 'therefore' or 'for this reason'.
- Connects cause and effect in written Chinese.
- Used in formal contexts like reports and academic writing.
Emphasize formal cause and effect
Use '故此' when you need to formally state a reason leading to a specific outcome in writing.
Avoid in casual conversation
Using '故此' in everyday spoken Chinese can sound overly formal or even archaic.
Reflects traditional written style
The use of '故此' is characteristic of classical Chinese prose and formal modern writing, conveying a sense of gravity and precision.
Examples
4 of 4近期雨水充沛，故此农作物长势喜人。
Recently, rainfall has been abundant; therefore, the crops are growing luxuriantly.
他年事已高，身体欠佳，故此决定提前退休。
He is advanced in age and in poor health; for this reason, he decided to retire early.
会议材料已发至各位邮箱，故此请大家提前审阅。
The meeting materials have been sent to everyone's inbox, hence please review them in advance.
该地区地质构造复杂，故此勘探难度极大。
The geological structure of this region is complex; consequently, the exploration difficulty is extremely high.
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